高考必讀時(shí)事-23年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)女性得主-內(nèi)含語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)(BBC)

寫在前面的話高考閱讀多選自國(guó)外外刊。閱讀外刊是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)不能缺少的一環(huán)。閱讀原汁原味的英語(yǔ)文章可以幫助學(xué)生拓寬、積累詞匯量，學(xué)習(xí)并應(yīng)用最地道的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，提高英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)感，了解最新時(shí)事新聞。本系列專輯充分考慮高中各年級(jí)學(xué)生的平均英語(yǔ)水平，從外國(guó)著名青少年英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站以及權(quán)威新聞資源網(wǎng)站（TheNewYorkTimes,TimeMagazine,BBC,ChinaDaily）等選擇語(yǔ)篇，主題貼近課本，難度得當(dāng)，語(yǔ)言精準(zhǔn)權(quán)威，是專為高中不同年級(jí)學(xué)生打造的外刊閱讀資源。一、制作初心1.拓展學(xué)生的閱讀范圍2.閱讀語(yǔ)料的時(shí)效性高，了解當(dāng)下的世界3.保證閱讀語(yǔ)料的純正性二、資源內(nèi)部板塊設(shè)計(jì)每份外刊根據(jù)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)不同板塊——原文暢讀、詞匯/詞組精講、長(zhǎng)難句分析、綜合練習(xí)、好句仿寫，參考答案、參考譯文。符合學(xué)生以及教師使用需求。三、本系列專輯子系列介紹c.高一外刊精讀d.高二外刊精讀e.高考外刊精讀四、推薦使用場(chǎng)景a.晨讀b.閱讀拓展課c.自學(xué)拓展練習(xí)d.課堂補(bǔ)充材料e.文章賞析&仿寫希望大家能充分利用這套資源，不斷拓展，不斷精進(jìn)，在增加知識(shí)的同時(shí)，也逐漸提高對(duì)世界、世事、世物的洞見，祝學(xué)習(xí)愉快！

NobeleconomicsprizeawardedtoClaudiaGoldinforworkonwomen'spayP1【原文暢讀】NobeleconomicsprizeawardedtoClaudiaGoldinforworkonwomen'spay@BBCThisyear’sNobeleconomicsprizehasbeenawardedtoClaudiaGoldin,anAmericaneconomichistorian,forherworkonwomen'semploymentandpay.ProfGoldin'sresearchuncoveredkeydriversbehindthegenderpaygap,theRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencessaid.Sheisonlythethirdwomantoreceivetheprize,andthefirsttonotsharetheawardwithmalecolleagues.The77yearoldacademiccurrentlyteacheslabourmarkethistoryatHarvardUniversityintheUS.Shehad"advancedourunderstandingofwomen'slabourmarketoutes",theRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencessaid,pointingtoherworkexamining200yearsofdataontheUSworkforce,showinghowandwhygenderdifferencesinearningsandemploymentrateschangedovertime."Thisyear’sLaureateintheEconomicSciences,ClaudiaGoldin,providedthefirstprehensiveaccountofwomen'searningsandlabourmarketparticipationthroughthecenturies,"theprizegivingbodysaidinastatement."Herresearchrevealsthecausesofchange,aswellasthemainsourcesoftheremaininggendergap."Herresearchfoundthatmarriedwomenstartedtoworklessafterthearrivalofindustrialisationinthe1800s,buttheiremploymentpickedupagaininthe1900sastheserviceeconomygrew.Highereducationallevelsforwomenandthecontraceptivepillacceleratedchange,butthegenderpaygapremained.Whilehistoricallythatearningsdifferencebetweenmenandwomencouldbeblamedoneducationalchoicesmadeatayoungageandcareerchoices,ProfGoldinfoundthatthecurrentearningsgapwasnowlargelyduetotheimpactofhavingchildren."ClaudiaGoldin'sdiscoverieshavevastsocietalimplications,"saidRandiHjalmarsson,amemberofthemitteeawardingtheprize."Shehasshownusthatthenatureofthisproblemorthesourceofthisunderlyinggendergapchangesthroughouthistoryandwiththecourseofdevelopment,"shesaid.Describingheras"adetective",ProfHjalmarssonsaidherworkhadprovidedafoundationforpolicymakersinthisareaaroundtheworld.Globally,about50%ofwomenparticipateinthelabourmarketparedto80%ofmen,butwomenearnlessandarelesslikelytoreachthetopofthecareerladder,theprizemitteenoted.ProfGoldinwasthefirstwomantoreceivetenureinHarvard'seconomicsdepartmentin1989.Economicsstillhadanimageproblemwithwomen,shetoldtheBBCin2018."Evenbeforestudentsenteruniversitytheybelieveeconomicsisafieldmoreorientedtofinanceandmanagementandwomenarelessinterestedinthosethanaremen,"shesaid.Ifweexplainedeconomicswasabout"inequality,health,householdbehaviour,society,thenthere'dbeamuchgreaterbalance,"shesaid.Theeconomicsprizeisdifferenttotheoriginalprizesinphysics,chemistry,physiologyormedicine,literatureandpeace,whichwereestablishedbyAlfredNobelandfirstawardedin1901.TheSverigesRiksbankPrizeinEconomicScienceswasestablishedin1968andfundedbySweden'scentralbank.ElinorOstromwasthefirstwomantowintheeconomicsprizein2009,whichshewasawardedjointlywithOliverEWilliamsonforresearchoneconomicgovernance.In2019EstherDuflosharedtheawardwithherhusbandAbhijitBanerjee,andMichaelKremer,forworkthatfocusedonpoormunitiesinIndiaandKenya.P2【詞匯短語(yǔ)】awardv.授予，頒發(fā)societaladj.社會(huì)的RoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences瑞典皇家科學(xué)院implicationn.可能的影響labourn.勞動(dòng)力underlyingadj.潛在的advancev.促進(jìn),提升careerladder職業(yè)階梯laureaten.榮譽(yù)獲得者tenurev.終身職位prehensiveadj.全面的orientv.朝向；面對(duì)accountn.解釋，敘述inequalityn.不平等revealv.揭示，透露householdadj.家庭的industrializationn.工業(yè)化AlfredNobel阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾pickup改善SverigesRiksbankPrize瑞典國(guó)家銀行經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)contraceptiveadj.避孕的jointlyadv.共同地acceleratev.使加速;加速P3【語(yǔ)法填空練習(xí)】1.ProfGoldin'sresearchuncoveredkey_____(driver)behindthegenderpaygap.2.Sheisonlythethirdwoman_____(receive)theprize,andthefirst____(notshare)theawardwithmalecolleagues.3.Shehad"advancedourunderstandingofwomen'slabourmarketoutes",theRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencessaid,_____(point)toherwork_____(examine)200yearsofdataontheUSworkforce,showinghowandwhygenderdifferencesinearningsandemploymentrateschangedovertime.4.Whilehistoricallythatearningsdifferencebetweenmenandwomencouldbeblamedon______(education)choices_____(make)atayoungageandcareerchoices,ProfGoldinfoundthatthecurrentearningsgapwasnow_____(large)duetotheimpactofhavingchildren.5.Globally,about50%ofwomenparticipateinthelabourmarket_____(pare)to80%ofmen,butwomenearnlessandarelesslikelytoreachthetopofthecareerladder,theprizemitteenoted.6.Evenbeforestudentsenteruniversitytheybelieveeconomicsisafieldmore_____(orient)tofinanceandmanagementandwomenarelessinterestedinthosethanaremen.P4【參考答案】1.drivers2.toreceive,tonotshare3.pointingexamining4.educational,made,largely5.pared6.orientedP5【參考譯文】諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予克勞迪婭戈?duì)柖?，表彰她在婦女薪酬方面的工作今年的諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)史學(xué)家克勞迪婭戈?duì)柖。–laudiaGoldin），以表彰她在婦女就業(yè)和薪酬方面所做的工作。瑞典皇家科學(xué)院表示，戈?duì)柖〗淌诘难芯拷沂玖藘尚孕匠瓴罹啾澈蟮年P(guān)鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。她是第三位獲得該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的女性，也是第一位不與男性同事分享該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的女性。這位77歲的學(xué)者目前在美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)教授勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)史。瑞典皇家科學(xué)院說(shuō)，她"推進(jìn)了我們對(duì)婦女勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)結(jié)果的理解"，并指出她的工作研究了美國(guó)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)200年的數(shù)據(jù)，顯示了收入和就業(yè)率的性別差異如何以及為何隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化。"今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)得主克勞迪婭戈?duì)柖∈状稳骊U述了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)婦女的收入和勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)參與情況，"該頒獎(jiǎng)機(jī)構(gòu)在一份聲明中說(shuō)。"她的研究揭示了變化的原因，以及依然存在的性別差距的主要根源。她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，19世紀(jì)工業(yè)化到來(lái)后，已婚婦女的工作開始減少，但隨著服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，她們的就業(yè)率在1900年代又有所回升。女性教育水平的提高和避孕藥的出現(xiàn)加