Unit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)提要牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

8BUnit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)提要一、詞匯1.讀物可n.read(a/s)一本好的讀物agoodread讀者可n.reader(a/s)2.烹飪，烹調(diào)不可n.cooking3.德國(guó)n.Germany4.Canadian①adj.加拿大(人)的;②可n.加拿大人(a/s)5.French①adj.法國(guó)(人)的;②可n.法國(guó)人=Frenchman★(a/Frenchmen);③n.法語(yǔ)6.知識(shí)不可n.knowledge()1.—____importantknowledgeistous!We’dbetterreadmorebooksthanbefore.—Ican’tagreemore.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How()2.—____usefulknowledgeitis!—Yes.Ittellsusweshouldchangethewaywespeakindifferentsituations.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowanD.How7.空閑的，多余的adj.spare▲比較級(jí)：r▲最高級(jí)：thest★在某人空閑的時(shí)間里(2種)inone’sspare/freetime8.作者，作家可n.writer(a/s)一位法國(guó)作家aFrenchwriter9.丑陋的adj.ugly▲比較級(jí)：uglier▲最高級(jí)：theugliest10.感動(dòng)，觸動(dòng)8BU4&觸摸，碰8BU5v.touch▲→三單：es→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing過(guò)分：ed與某人保持聯(lián)系keepintouchwithsb.11.緊靠，碰，撞prep.against①緊靠★8BU4againstthewall靠在墻上②碰，撞★8BU4crashagainst撞擊③反對(duì)★voteagainst投反對(duì)票、votefor投贊成票④對(duì)抗★9AU4fightagainst(theCOVID19/disease)與...作斗爭(zhēng)、playagainst與...比賽⑤違反★9AU4goagainst違反、againstone’smind/will/wish違背某人的意愿、againstthelaw違法⑥與...相反★9AU4swimagainstthetide逆流而上/不隨大流12.筋疲力盡（短語(yǔ)）be★tired/wornout形近詞區(qū)分：tied(tie的過(guò)去式、過(guò)分)tried(try的過(guò)去式、過(guò)分)13.捆，綁v.tie→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：d→★現(xiàn)分：tying→▲過(guò)分：d14.overprep.①?gòu)囊贿叺搅硪贿?，即?上方)穿過(guò)”②在正上方③在...期間=during④超過(guò)=morethan⑤結(jié)束⑥遍及15.腹部，胃可n.stomach★★★(a/s)16.直到...為止conj.until★直到...才...not...until...()1．—Canwegotopublicplaceswithoutwearingfacemasks?—No.Weneedtowearthem_______wehavewonthewaragainsttheCOVID?19.A．whileB．because C．untilD．when()2.It’sapitythatsmokerswon’trealizetheimportanceofhealth________theyloseit.A．before B．until C．since D．If()3.[變式題]WhenIgooutintheevening,mydognevergoestobed_______Ieback.A.afterB.laterC.untilD.if17.手指可n.finger(a/s)18.極小的adj.tinythiny▲比較級(jí)：tinier▲最高級(jí)：thetiniest反義詞：巨大的adj.huge19.摔倒（短語(yǔ)）fallover/downfall→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：fell→現(xiàn)分：ing→▲過(guò)去分詞：fallen20.繼續(xù)v.continue→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：d→▲現(xiàn)分：continuing→▲過(guò)分：d21.也adv.either(用于否定句句末)22.設(shè)法完成，管理v.manage→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：d→▲現(xiàn)分：managing→▲過(guò)分：d23.大批，大群；軍隊(duì)可n.army★(an/armies)一群...anarmyof...一大群...ahugearmyof...幾群...armiesof...參軍jointhearmy24.必須，一定情態(tài)v.must★禁止mustn’t25.不能的，不會(huì)的adj.unable(不)能夠做某事be(un)abletodosth.26.肩膀可n.shoulder(a/s)[提示]根據(jù)句意選擇單復(fù)數(shù)1．WhileIwasleavinghome,myfathercamebackwithaheavybagonhisright_____(肩膀)．2．Theyoungmanhasstrong________(肩膀)tocarryheavybags.3．Danielisrestingonhismother’s________(肩膀).Heseemstobetiredout.27.舉起，抬高；提高v.lift→三單：s→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed舉起某人的手(2種)lift/raiseone’shands28.交；遞，給v.hand→三單：s→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed29.上交，遞交（短語(yǔ)）handin★★★上交它們handthemin30....等等（短語(yǔ)）...andsoon31.評(píng)論可n.review(a/s)形近詞區(qū)分：★續(xù)借；更新；重新開(kāi)始v.renew采訪(fǎng)，會(huì)見(jiàn)，面試可n.interview(an/s)景色，風(fēng)景可n.view(a/s)32.歸還，返回v.return→三單：s→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed[重點(diǎn)]return意為“返回”時(shí)，不能和back連用33.準(zhǔn)時(shí)（短語(yǔ)）ontime34.每次，一次（短語(yǔ)）atatime35.拒絕，回絕v.refuse→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：d→現(xiàn)分：ing→▲過(guò)分：d★拒絕做某事refusetodosth.36.到目前為止（短語(yǔ)）sofar=uptonow★現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)志37.成功可n.success(a/—)常用單數(shù)成功v.succeed成功的adj.successful8BU5成功地adv.Successfully★取得巨大的成功beagreatsuccess做某事成功succeedindoingsth.38.翻譯v.translate→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：d→▲現(xiàn)分：translating→▲過(guò)分：d把A翻譯成BtranslateAintoBA被翻譯成BAbetranslatedintoB39.銷(xiāo)售量[復(fù)]sales←sell區(qū)分：一系列；系列節(jié)目[復(fù)]可n.*series40.一本(份，冊(cè));副本可n.copy(a/copies)一本...acopyof...兩本...twocopiesof...幾本...severalcopiesof...41.每次，一次（短語(yǔ)）atatime42.經(jīng)歷可n.★(an/s)&經(jīng)驗(yàn)不可n.experience[典型例題]().—MrLihaslotsofunusual__________andheoftensharesthemwithus.—Ialsoadmirehimforhisgoodteaching__________asanEnglishteacher.A.experiences;experiences B.experience;experienceC.experiences;experience D.experience;experiences43.建議不可n.advice★★★一些/許多建議some/muchadvice44.習(xí)慣可n.habit(a/s)舊習(xí)難改。Oldhabitdiehard.45.對(duì)立的人（或物）可n.8BU3★(an/s)；在...對(duì)面，與...相反prep.8BU4opposite★★★與...相反betheoppositeof,,,46.開(kāi)啟；開(kāi)創(chuàng)；開(kāi)辟（短語(yǔ)）openup開(kāi)啟一個(gè)全新的世界openupawholenewworld帶*號(hào)1.小說(shuō)可n.*novel(a/s)2.★續(xù)借；更新；重新開(kāi)始v.*renew→三單：s→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed().Thelibrarianaskthestudentsto____thebooksontime.Iftheywanttokeepthemlonger,theyhaveto____them.A.renew;returnB.review;returnC.return;reviewD.return;renew3.一系列；系列節(jié)目[復(fù)]可n.*series4.出版v.publish→▲三單：es→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed5.出版社可n.*publishinghouse(a/s)6.航行v.8BU4&帆可n.(a/s)8BU3*sail→三單：s→過(guò)去式：ed→現(xiàn)分：ing→過(guò)分：ed區(qū)分：帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)，航行不可n.8BU2*sailing區(qū)分：航班；航行可n.8BU2*flight(a/s)7.隱藏的adj.*hidden8.信心不可n.*confidence自信的adj.confident9.圖書(shū)管理員可n.*librarian(a/s)←library10.古典的adj.*classical區(qū)分：音樂(lè)劇可n.*musical(a/s)區(qū)分：魔法不可n.magic教材英文釋義總結(jié)★1.against(hittingsomething)2.tie(holdthingstogetherwithropes)3.tiny(verysmall)4.continue(keepdoingsomething/goon)5.manage(finishwhatyouhavetriedtodo)二、重要短語(yǔ)、句子icstrips—Weletotheunit部分1.決定(不)做某事decide(not)todosth.2.★還沒(méi)有。Notyet.3.并不是。/不全是。Notexactly.4.★夠到冰箱上的盒子reachtheboxonthefridge5.★對(duì)...感興趣be/beeinterestedin...6.增長(zhǎng)我過(guò)去的知識(shí)improvemyknowledgeofthepast7.★在某人空閑的時(shí)間里(2種)inone’sspare/freetime8.法國(guó)作家寫(xiě)的★(written)bytheFrenchwriter().—Areyoureadingabook__________science?—No.It’sabook__________Hemingway.ItsnameisTheOldManandtheSea.A.about;on B.by;about C.about;by D.with;byReading部分9.在...之前/到...的時(shí)候bythetime...10.醒來(lái)/叫醒wakeupwake→三單：s→★過(guò)去式：woke→▲現(xiàn)分：waking→★過(guò)分：woken11.把A綁到B上tieAtoB12.A被綁到B上AbetiedtoBtie→三單：s→▲過(guò)去式：tied→★現(xiàn)分：tying→▲過(guò)分：tied13.掙脫一只手pullonehandfree14.設(shè)法弄斷繩子managetobreaktheropes15.徑直走向我estraightto(wards)meGrammar部分16.吳老師已經(jīng)推薦了如此多的有趣的書(shū)給我們。MrWuhasremendedsomanyinterestingbookstous.17.丹尼爾決定好先讀哪一本書(shū)了嗎？HasDanieldecidedwhichbooktoreadfirst?18.他想要查明如何在如此短的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)環(huán)游世界。Hewantstofindouthowtotravelaroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.19.順便問(wèn)一下，你能告訴我什么時(shí)候上交讀書(shū)報(bào)告嗎？Bytheway,canyoutellmewhentohandinthebookreport?Integratedskills&studyskills部分20.別擔(dān)心。Don’tworry.21.樂(lè)意做某事bewillingtodosth.Task部分22.中國(guó)四大古典小說(shuō)thefourgreatclassicalChinesenovels23.給我許多關(guān)于讀書(shū)的建議givemelotsofadvice★onreadingbooks三、語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1.Transitionalwordsandphrases連接詞和短語(yǔ)(1)既然，由于since▲(2)恰恰相反的是Instead,(3)要不然，否則Otherwise,(4)當(dāng)…的時(shí)候when=while?=as?(5)盡管Anyway,=though=although(6)此外Moreover,=Besides,■=What’smore,(7)因?yàn)閎ecause=since▲=for=as?(8)所以Asaresult,=so=*therefore(9)然而，但是However,=while?=but?(10)事實(shí)上(暗含轉(zhuǎn)折)Infact,(11)除了except=but?、除了...還有besides■(12)首先Atfirst,=Inthebeginning,=*Firstofall,(13)最后Finally,=Atlast,=Intheend,(14)例如Forexample,=suchas(15)...等等...andsoon(16)以及aswellas(17)一...就...assoonas(18)不僅...，而且...，notonly...,butalso...,(19)一方面...，另一方面...，Ontheonehand,...Ontheother(hand),...2.“某國(guó)人”單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的口訣：“中日不變英法變，其余s加后面”國(guó)家 某國(guó)語(yǔ)言 首都 某國(guó)人 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)China中國(guó) Chinese漢語(yǔ) Beijing北京 Chinese ChinesetheUK/England/Britain英國(guó) English英語(yǔ) London倫敦 Englishman EnglishmentheUSA/America美國(guó) WashingtonD.C.華盛頓（哥倫比亞特區(qū)） American AmericansAustralia澳大利亞 Canberra堪培拉 Australian AustraliansCanada加拿大 English英語(yǔ)、French法語(yǔ) Ottawa渥太華 Canadian CanadiansGermany德國(guó) German德語(yǔ) Berlin柏林 German GermansRussia俄羅斯 Russian俄語(yǔ) Moscow莫斯科 Russian RussiansJapan日本 Japanese日語(yǔ) Tokyo東京 Japanese JapaneseFrance法國(guó) French法語(yǔ) Paris巴黎 Frenchman FrenchmenItaly意大利 Italian意大利語(yǔ) Rome羅馬 Italian ItaliansEgypt埃及 Arabic阿拉伯語(yǔ) Cairo開(kāi)羅 Egyptian Egyptian3.區(qū)分：“處理”(2種)what→dowith；how→dealwith[典型例題]().—Idon’tknowwhatIshould______theseoldclothes.—MaybeJohncangiveyousomeadviceonhowto______them.A.dealwith;dowithB.dowith;dowithC.dowith;dealwithD.dealwith4.區(qū)分：“↑”(2種)物riseroserisen；人raiseraisedraised物例外：Herose(起身)andlefttheroom.[典型例題]()1．AstheGrainrain(谷雨)es,thetemperature_________higherandhigher.A．raises B．rises C．raisedD.rised()2．Thesunis_________.It’stimeto_________thenationalflag.A．raising;rise B．raising;raise C．rising;raise D．rising;rise()3．Sincethepriceofthecottonhas______alot,thefactoriesplanto______thepriceoftheircottonclothes.A．risen;raise B．raised;raise C．raised;rise D．risen;rise()4．[易錯(cuò)題]Chinesestudentsmust_________theirhandsfirstandthen________tospeakinclass.A．raise;rise B．raise;raise C．rise;rise D．rise;raise5.區(qū)分：“借”（3種）borrow/borrowed借入borrowsth.fromsb.從某人那借來(lái)某物lend/lent借出lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借給某人keep/kept借用keepsth.for＋時(shí)間段借用某物一段時(shí)間[典型例題]()．—CanI________abookfromyou?—Certainly.Butyoumustn’t________ittoothers.Andpleaserememberyoucanonly________itforaweek.A．borrow;lend;borrowB．lend;borrow;keepC．lend;lend;keepD．borrow;lend;keep6.區(qū)分：managetodosth. 設(shè)法完成某事 √ trytodosth. 嘗試做某事 ？ failtodosth. 未能做某事 × [典型例題]().ItwasadifficultMathsproblem,butafteranhour’staking,theboy__________toworkitout.7.區(qū)分：3個(gè)介詞“穿過(guò)”：through、across、over★5個(gè)教材短語(yǔ)：gothroughmymind/pullmyselfslowlythroughthedark/walkthroughthefloodwatermoveupovermystomachandneck/moveacrossmybody[典型例題]()1．—Whereisthehospital,please?—Look,thereisabridge_____theriver.Go_____thebridgeandit’sjustontheothersideoftheriver.A．over,across B．under,alongC．a(chǎn)cross;over D．over,through()2．Look,theclassroomlooksbrighterasthesunlightes________thewindows.A．crossB．a(chǎn)crossC．over D．through8.區(qū)分：“也”（4種）[小試身手]用also/too/aswell/either填空（1）他也是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩。Heis_________anhonestboy.=Heisanhonestboy,_________.=Heisanhonestboy_________.（2）他也不是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩。Heisn’tanhonestboy_________.()1．[易錯(cuò)題]—Myfatherenjoys______thisfootballmatch.—Me,________.A.watching;tooB．towatch;tooC．watching;aswell D．towatch;either()2．[易錯(cuò)題]—Iwon’tattendthepartyunless(除非)Iaminvited.—Me,________.A.tooB．a(chǎn)lsoC．a(chǎn)swell D．Either9.繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事)continuedoingsth.=keep(on)doingsth.繼續(xù)做某事(另一件事)continuetodosth.[典型例題]()1.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.Youshouldcontinue______it.A．todo B．todoing C．doing D．do2．Mostwomencontinue________(work)aftertheyhadbabies.10.★停止做某事（同一件事）stopdoingsth.停下來(lái)去做某事（另一件事）stoptodosth.★忘記去做某事（未做）forgettodosth.忘記做過(guò)某事（已做）*forgetdoingsth.記得去做某事（未做）remembertodosth.記得做過(guò)某事（已做）rememberdoingsth.記得不要做某事remembernottodosth.11.和...一樣adj.(2種)bethesamen.as=beasadj.as★★★和...一樣大bethesamesizeas=beasbigasThesmallmanwasthesamesizeasGulliver’slittlefinger.(改為同義句)Thesmallmanwas_____________________Gulliver’slittlefinger.12.使某人做某事makesb.dosth.13.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是adj.findit★/sb./sth.＋adj.＋todosth.[典型例題]()1．Wefind_______usefulandimportant_______Englishwell.A．it;learn B．it;tolearn C．that;learning D．this:tolearn()2．Chinesepeoplefind______importanttohelpdevelopAfricancountriesalongtheBeltandRoad(“一帶一路”).A．it B．this C．that D．these14.★盡可能adj./adv.asadj./adv.aspossible=asadj./adv.assb.can/could[典型例題]()1.Ifthereisabigfireinahouse,you’dbetterrunoutofthehouse_____________.A.asquickaspossibleB.asquickasyoucouldC.asquicklyascanD.asquicklyaspossible()2.GrandpaWangwantedtofindthekindtaxidriver_______.A.asquickaspossibleB.asquicklyashecouldC.