山西省呂梁市孝義市2022-2023學年高一年級下冊5月月考英語試卷(含答案)

山西省呂梁市孝義市2022-2023學年高一下學期5月月考英語試卷

學校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

Astronautsgotobathroomjustlikeeverybodyelse.However,itcanbetrickyinspace

becausegravityissoweakthatpeopleandobjectsappeartobeweightless.Itmeansthat

toiletscannotflush（沖洗）thesamewaythattheydoonEarth.Sowehavestarteda

competitiontogetideasfromaroundtheworldtodevelopanewspacetoiletthatwouldwork

aboardtheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）aswellasonMoon.

Thecompetition,titled"NASA'sLunarLooChallenge”,hasatotalprizeof$35,000to

besharedbywinningteams.Anyoneabove14canapplytothischallenge,andthewinning

designwillreceivea$20,000reward.Thesecond-placedesignwillwin$10,000,andthe

third-placewinnerwillwin$5,000.

Thecompetitionalsoincludesajuniorcategory（類另lj）inwhichanyoneundertheageof

14canapplywiththeircreativespacetoiletideas.Winnersinthiscategorywillreceive

publicrecognitionandoursouvenirs.

ToiletDesignRequirements

Designsshouldtakeupnomorethan1.13m3ofspace.

Thespacetoilethastobeabletoholdatleast1.5kghumanwaste.

Thefinalrequirementisthatthesystemmustbeabletogetridofthewasteandbe

cleanedinfiveminutesorless.

Wehopethischallengewillresultinnewwaystodealwithhumanwasteinouterspace.

1.Whatcanajuniorwinnergetfromthecompetition?

A.Acashreward.B.Ascholarship.

C.AtriptoNASA.D.ANASAsouvenir.

2.Whichisadesignrequirementforthetoilet?

A.Ittakesuplessthan1.13m3ofspace.

B.Ithastobecleanedin6minutes.

C.Itcanholdatleast1.5kghumanwaste.

D.Itmustbeabletodryupthewaste.

3.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Anadvertisement.

C.Adiaryentry.D.Aproductdescription.

Ibelievethatweshouldtakeprideinwhatwedo,evenifitismisunderstoodbythe

peoplearoundus.

Ihavebeenaprofessionalskateboarderfor24years.Formuchofthattime,thesportthat

paidmyrentandgavememygreatestjoyhadmanynames,mostofwhichwereugly:akids'

play,awasteoftime,adangerousactivity.

WhenIwasabout17,myhighschoolteachereventoldmeinfrontoftheentireclassthat

Iwouldnevermakealivingasaskateboarder.Itseemedtohimthatmyfuturewasbleak.

Evenduringthosedarkyears,Ineverstoppedridingmyskateboard.Therehadbeen

many,manytimeswhenIfeltdiscouragedbecauseIcouldn'tcompleteadifficultmove.But

I'vecometorealizethattheonlywaytomastersomethingistokeepatit-despitethe

bloodyknees,despitetheunpleasantcomments.

Althoughskateboardinghasgainedmainstreamrecognitioninrecentyears,itstillhas

unfavorablestereotypes（亥U板E|］象）.TheprofessionalskateboardersIknowareresponsible

membersofsociety.Theirhairstylesandclothesaresimplypartoftheculture,evenwhen

theyappearstrangeduringcompetitions.

SohereIam,38yearsold,awifeandamotherofthree,withalengthylistof

responsibilities.AndalthoughIhavemanyjobtitles——senioradvisor,foundationchairwoman,

well-knownactress一theoneIammostproudofisprofessionalskateboarder.

Myyoungestson'spreschoolclasswererecentlyaskedwhattheirparentsdoforwork.

Theresponseswerethingslike,"Mydadsellsmoney.^^and"Mymomfiguresstuffout.^^My

sonsaid,"Tveneverseenmymomdowork.”

It'strue.Skateboardingdoesn'tseemlikerealwork,butFmproudofwhatIdo.My

parentsneveroncequestionedthepracticalitybehindmypassion（酷愛）.Ihopetopassonthe

samelessontomychildrensomeday.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bleak“inparagraph3mean?

A.Successful.B.Certain.C.Bright.D.Unpromising.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5abouttheprofessionalskateboarders?

A.Theyareirresponsiblemembersofsociety.

B.Theylovemakingunpleasantcomments.

C.Theywearstrangehairstylesandclothes.

D.Theyturndeafearstootherpeople'sideas.

6.Whichjobtitleistheauthormostproudof?

A.Famousactress.B.Professionalskateboarder.

C.Senioradvisor.D.Foundationchairwoman.

7.Whatistheauthormostlikelytotellherchildren?

A.Followtheirpassionandkeepatit.

B.Don'tquestionthepracticalityofherjob.

C.Theyareluckytohaveasupportivemother.

D.Skateboardingisthebestsportintheworld.

AtaPittsburghwedding,thecookietableisasimportantasthefirstkiss.Butfindingthe

trueoriginofthetraditionisaschallengingasmakingtheperfectcookietable.Somesayit's

acustombroughttoPittsburghbyimmigrantsandeverybodyfromItalianstoPolishpeople

claimsitsheritage.Otherssayitgrewoutofaneedtosavemoneyoncakeinthe1930s.

Butthecookietable'sconnectionwithweddingsdidn'tshowupinpublicationsuntilthe

1990s.Certainly,Pittsburghersfeastedonweddingcookietableswellbeforethe1990s,with

localbakerssayingtheyrecallcookietablesattheirfamilies9weddingsforaslongasthey

canremember.

“WhenIwasakid,thebigtalkwasnot'Howwasthewedding?'Instead,itwas6How

werethecookies?9,9said70-year-oldMarcSerrao,ownerofOakmontBakeryinPittsburgh.

“Perhapstheconceptdidn'tshowupinnewspapersandcookbooksbecauseeverybodywas

doingit,soitwasn'tseenasnewsworthy.99

Butnomattertheorigins,thistraditionofsharingsweethomemadecookiesatweddings

isbakedintoPittsburghculture.Formanylocalfamilies,preparingacookietablehasbecome

auniquewaytoshowtheirlove.

There'snoexactnumberofcookiesatawedding.Ifsusuallysomewherebetweensix

perguestuptoone-and-a-halfdozen（十二）perguest.

Thenwhencantheguestseatthecookies?

Theanswerlikelyliesinfamilytradition.Somefamiliesopenthecookietablesbefore

dinner,whilemostfamilieswaituntilafterdinner.Generally,itisrecommendedtowaituntil

afterdinner.

“However,whatistraditionandwhathappensaretwototallydifferentthings,“Marc

Serraosays."IdaresomeonetotellGrandmathatsheisnotallowedtopickacookieoffthe

cookietablebeforedinner.IalsodaresomeonetotellAuntBetsythatsheisnotallowedto

putfourcookiesinherbagforthenextmorningwithhercoffee.”

8.Whatcanweknowaboutthecookietablefromthefirstfourparagraphs?

A.ItwasbroughttoPittsburghbyimmigrants.

B.Itfirstappearedatweddingsduringthe1990s.

C.Itgrewoutofaneedtosavemoneyinthe1930s.

D.IthasbeenanimportantpartofaweddinginPittsburgh.

9.Howmanycookiesareusuallypreparedforeachguest?

A.3?6.B.5-12.C.6-18.D.19-24.

10.Whencanguestsusuallyeatthecookies?

A.Oldpeoplealwayseatbeforedinner.

B.Itisbettertowaituntilafterdinner.

C.ItisnecessarytoaskGrandmafirst.

D.Theyareusuallyeatenthenextmorning.

11.WhatdoesMarcSerraomeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Thereareexceptionstorules.B.Wehavetofollowcustomsstrictly.

C.ItisOKforoldpeopletobreakrules.D.Itisnotimportanttofollowtraditions.

Mostpeopledon'tlieverymuch.Itmakessense.Bybeinghonestwithpeople,younot

onlybuildupgoodwill,butalsosavealotofbrainpowersinceyourbraindoesn'thavetodo

anythingoutoftheordinarywhenyoutellthetruth.Youjustthinkofwhatyouwanttosay,

andyousayit.

However,lyingtakesmuchmorework.Imagineyou'relatetoclassandtheteacherasks

why.Ifyoudecidetolie,youhavetomakeupastoryonthespot,thinkaboutthevarious

directionstheconversationmighttakeandfigureoutwhatyouneedtosaytokeepthiswhole

liefromfallingapart.Youmightnotbeawareofit,butyoujustgiveyourbrainalotofextra

work."Alotofthatbrainworkisdoneinaregioncalledtheprefrontalcortex.It'sthepartin

chargeofworkingmemory,“explainsJenniferVendemia,ascientistfromtheUniversityof

SouthCarolina.

Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile,suchasremembering

instructionsforhowtoplayagameorsomeotherspecifictask.Itstoresthingsforonlya

shortwhileasyou'reusingthem,anditdoesn'tputtheminlong-termstorage.Besides

workingmemory,theprefrontalcortexalsotakescareoftaskssuchasplanning,problem-

solvingandself-control.Scientistsdescribetheseasexecutivefunctiontasks.Executive

functionletsyouthinkasteportwoaheadtomakesurethelieyou'retellingwilllikely

holduptoquestioning."Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeans

there9slessavailableforotherthings/9saysVendemia.“Lyingisespeciallyharmfulfor

youngpeopleastheprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Whenthe

prefrontalcortexisbusywithtasksrelatedtolying,youngerpeoplehaveahardertimedoing

othertasks."

Lyinghassocialcosts,too.Peoplegenerallyvaluehonestyanddon'tlikeliars.Soif

peopleviewyouasuntrustworthy,itcanbebadforyourrelationships.

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thecostsoflyingtopeople.B.Thetruemeaningofhonesty.

C.Thebenefitsofbeingtruthful.D.Thedifficultyofbeingagoodliar.

13.Whyisalyingstudentmentionedinthesecondparagraph?

A.Toproveatheory.B.Tointroduceatopic.

C.Toprovidethebackground.D.Togiveanexample.

14.Whichofthefollowingisthefunctionofworkingmemory?

A.Rememberingalife-longlesson.

B.Storinginformationforashorttime.

C.Pushingoneselftofacedifficulties.

D.Processinginformationinthebrain.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhatAretheHarmfulEffectsofLying?

B.WhichPartofBrainIsinChargeofLying?

C.WhenIsItEspeciallyBadforPeopletoLie?

D.HowCanWeKeepLiesFromFallingApart?

二、閱讀補全

16.Howtoappreciateartsinmuseums

①.

Youcanincreasethechanceoffindinganartpiecethatyoucanconnectwithbygoingto

amuseumthatinterestsyou.Ifyou'reinterestedinclimatechange,forexample,youmight

pickamuseumthafsshowingartworksinspiredbyEarthprotection.

Keepyourmuseumvisitshortandfocused

Onceyou'vepickedtheplaceyouwanttovisit,howdoyoumakethemostofyourtime?

Artmuseumscanbehuge.Forexample,theMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkhasalmost

200,000works.Soberealisticabouthowlongyoucanspendatthemuseum.②

.Afterthat,it'shardtostayfocusedandrememberwhatyou'veseen.

Reallyexperiencetheart

Onceyouhavethechanceofseeingtherealthingatamuseum,getupcloseandtake

yourtimetoexperienceit.Forexample,whenyouarelookingatsculptures(雕塑)，tryto

copythemwithyourbody.(3)Itcanopenupnewpathwaysandpossibilitiesof

howyoumightmakesenseofthesethingsinyourlife,too.

Keepanopenmindtoreflectandappreciate

Whenyouarelookingatanartwork,trynottothinkaboutwhatyou'reabouttosee.

Someartworksmaybesurprising,whileothersmightbedisappointing.(4).You

canloveit.Youcanhateit.Youcancry,feelangryorlaugh.ThafsOK.

Drawpersonalconnectionstotheartwork

Eventhoughitmaynotbewhattheartistintended,acolor,aflowerorapatternina

paintingmightremindyouofsomethinginyourownlife.Soletyourmindwanderand

followyourthoughtwhereveritleadsyou.⑤

A.Considerthevalueoftheartwork

B.Thenadeepconnectionwillhappen

C.Youdon'tneedmorethananhourortwo

D.Pickamuseumthatisrelatedtoyourinterest

E.Instead,allowyourselftofeelhowtheartmakesyoufeel

F.Planstocopysomethingbeautifularenothingtobelaughedat

G.Itcanhelpyouappreciatehowartistsexpresstheiremotionsmoredeeply

三、完形填空(15空)

MyrtleisasmallsleepytowninMissouri.There9snobankorrestauranthere,butasmall

stone1rightnexttothestatehighway.Halfofitisapostoffice.Theotherhalfisaone-

room2.RachelLustertookoverthislibraryfourmonthsagowiththe3of

connectingthecommunitytotheoutsideworldandcreatinga4centerforthekids.

Herfirsttaskwas5thebooksshefelteverylibrarymusthave:TheOdyssey.66I

lookedandlooked.Butwedidn'thave.Nolibraryinoursystemhadone,“Lustersaid.So

shestartedtousesocialmediato6moneyfrompeoplearoundthestateandhasalready

7about1,000newbookstothelibrary.

“WhiletheMyrtlelibrary8taxpayermoney,itgetsonly$200amonthforbooksand

supplies/9sheexplained."Butthelibraryisa9forthecommunitybecausemanypeople

heredonothave10totheInternetathomeandthelibraryistheonlyplacethatpeople

canconnecttotheoutsideworld.Iwanttobringasenseof11tothecommunity.^^

Luster9slibraryisopenonlythreedaysaweek.Oneofher12visitorsis10-year-

oldBlakeBrooks.

"Before13thislibrary,myfavoriteactivitywaswatchingTV,99hesaid."Now,as

soonasIstepofftheschoolbus,Icomehereto14.1liketo15.PminthebooksI

read.”

17.A.bridgeB.buildingC.tableD.forest

18.A.libraryB.hotelC.restaurantD.school

19.A.opportunityB.lossC.goalD.benefit

20.A.processingB.dataC.healthD.learning

21.A.searchingforB.cleaningupC.bringingaboutD.puttingdown

22.A.donateB.raiseC.begD.reject

23.A.mailedB.leftC.addedD.written

24.A.borrowsB.stealsC.forgetsD.receives

25.A.wasteB.lifelineC.burdenD.bank

26.A.roomB.desireC.accessD.plan

27.A.reliefB.humorC.achievementD.connectedness

28.A.regularB.wealthyC.oldD.funny

29.A.repairingB.buyingC.discoveringD.recognizing

30.A.playB.readC.singD.dance

31.A.wishB.admitC.announceD.imagine

四、短文填空

32.RitchAddisonwasashykid.Inelementaryschool,hedidn'tspeakupforhimself^

andhe①(worry)alot.Butoncehewenttohighschool,hemadeuphismind②

(develop)asenseofhumortomakemorefriends.Hisnewapproachworkedand

hestartedtobecomeknownforhisjokes-likethetimehemadefun(3)a

classmate'spoorscoreonamathtest.

“ItturnedoutthatIhadgottenahundredonthetestandhedidn'tdosowell,“Addison

recalled.t6AndIjokedheartlesslyaboutit.”

Thenoneday,hisgoodfriend,Holly,pulledhimasideandsaid,“Ritch,sometimesyou

reallyhurt④(people)feeling/9

Addison⑤(shock).Hehadalwaysseenhimselfastheonewhomadehis

friendslaugh.Hecouldn'timaginethathemightbehurtingthem.

“ButIkeptthinkingaboutwhatHollysaid.Finally,Irealizedthatshewas?

(absolute)right.Istartedpayingattentionto?otherpeoplewasreactingtomy

humor,9,hesaid.

Itcouldn'thappenovernight,(8)."Overtheyears,Iworkedon⑨

(be)morecompassionate(同理心的)towardthepeoplearoundmesinceIwantedtohave⑩

differentkindofrelationshipwiththem,“hesaid.

五、書面表達

33.假定你是李華。某英語雜志正在征稿討論“中學生是否應(yīng)該帶手機進校園”。請你

給雜志編輯寫一封郵件。內(nèi)容包括：

1.你校學生使用手機的情況；

2?你的看法或建議。

注意：1,寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Deareditor,

Yoursfaithfully,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

“Thistime,ifsateamwork,“ourEnglishteachersaidoneMondaymorning."YouTe

goingtoreadanicebooktogetherwithtwoorthreeteammates.Theneachteamwillmakea

presentationbytheendoftheweek.Theteamthatmakesthebestpresentationwillgeta

prize."Assoonasourteacherfinishedexplainingtherules,Liyawenttomeandasked,

"Teammates?”

SinceLiyaandIwereinterestedinpicturebooksandtookpaintingclasstogether,I

agreedtobeherteammatewithoutasecondthought.

Duringthelunchtime,wewenttothediningroomtogethertoexchangeideasonthe

readingprojectoverlunch.Kasha,withwhomIalwaysdidstufftogether,happenedtositat

thenexttable.

“Kasha,doyouhaveanygoodideaforus?”Iaskedcasually.

“WhyshouldIgiveyouguysideas?”sherepliedinahurttone."I'llsavethemformy

ownteam.Afterall,Iamnotyourfirstchoicefortheproject.”

Onhearingthis,Irealizedthatshewasmadwithme,foragoodreason.IfIwereher,

notonlywouldIfeelhurt,butI'dalsobeworriedaboutwhichteamIcouldjoin.NowIhad

myteammateandKashadidn't.

Withmyeyesfixedonthefloor,Iapologizedinalowvoice,"I'msorrytoleaveyouout.

Butwouldyouliketojoinusnow?”

IthoughtthatKashawouldbepleasedwiththeinvitation.Tomysurprise,sherefused

immediately.Attheverymoment,IrealizedthatKashawasreallyangry.So,Idecidedtodo

somethingtoletherknowthatshewasalwaysoneofmybestfriends.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Thatevening,IhappenedtoseeapicturebookthatKashaandIhadreadtogether.

Thenextday,IslippedmypaintingintoKasha'sdesk,hopingthatitwouldmakeher

forgiveme.

參考答案

1.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Winnersinthiscategorywillreceivepublicrecognition

andoursouvenirs.（本組優(yōu)勝者將獲公眾嘉許及我們的紀念品。）”可知，獲勝者可以獲

得紀念品。故選D。

2.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ToiletDesignRequirements部分中“Thespacetoilethastobe

abletoholdatleast1.5kghumanwaste.（太空廁所必須能夠容納至少1.5公斤的人類排泄

物。）”可知，太空廁所必須能夠容納至少1.5公斤的人類排泄物。故選C。

3.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題，根據(jù)第一段“Sowehavestartedacompetitiontogetideasfrom

aroundtheworldtodevelopanewspacetoiletthatwouldworkaboardtheInternational

SpaceStation（ISS）aswellasonMoon.（因此；，我們開始了一項競賽，從世界各地征集想

法，開發(fā)一種新的太空廁所，既可以在國際空間站上使用，也可以在月球上使用。）及

最后一段“Wehopethischallengewillresultinnewwaystodealwithhumanwasteinouter

space.（我們希望這一挑戰(zhàn)將帶來處理外層空間人類排泄物的新方法。戶可知，文章主要

介紹的是NASA正在全球范圍征集太空廁所設(shè)計的創(chuàng)意。故這是NASA發(fā)布的一項活

動廣告。故選樂

4.答案：D

解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前“WhenIwasabout17,myhighschoolteachereventold

meinfrontoftheentireclassthatIwouldnevermakealivingasaskateboarder.（當我17歲

的時候，我的高中老師在全班同學面前告訴我，我永遠不能用滑板謀生）”可推斷，在

老師眼里，作者不務(wù)正業(yè)，是沒有前途的，所以bleak應(yīng)是與Unpromising意為“不樂

觀的”同義。故先D項。

5.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theirhairstylesandclothesaresimplypartoftheculture,

evenwhentheyappearstrangeduringcompetitions.（他們的發(fā)型和服裝只是文化的一部

分，即使他們在比賽中看起來很奇怪）”可知，這些人的發(fā)型及穿著有些異類。故選C

項。

6.答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“AndalthoughIhavemanyjobtiles一senioradvisor,

foundationchairwoman,well-knownactress-theoneIammostproudofisprofessional

skateboarder.（雖然我有很多頭銜——高級顧問、基金會主席、知名女演員——但我最

引以為傲的是職業(yè)滑板運動員）”可知作者最引以為傲的職位是專業(yè)的滑板者。故選B

項。

7.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Myparentsneveroncequestionedthepracticality

behindmypassion（酷愛）.Ihopetopassonthesamelessontomychildrensomeday.（我的父

母從來沒有質(zhì)疑過我的熱情背后的實用性。我希望有一天能把同樣的教訓傳遞給我的

孩子們）”可推斷，作者很可能會鼓勵她的孩子堅持做自己喜歡的事。故選A項。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“SomesayifsacustombroughttoPittsburghby

immigrantsandeverybodyfromItalianstoPolishpeopleclaimsitsheritage.Otherssayit

grewoutofaneedtosavemoneyoncakeinthe1930s.（有人說這是移民帶到匹茲堡的一種

習俗，從意大利人到波蘭人，每個人都聲稱這是匹茲堡的傳統(tǒng)。其他人則表示，這源

于20世紀30年代在蛋糕上省錢的需要。）”可知它不一定是由移民帶到匹茲堡的，排

除選項Ao且它不一定是在20世紀30年代出于省錢的需要而發(fā)展起來的，排除選項

Co根據(jù)第二段中“Butthecookietable'sconnectionwithweddingsdidn'tshowupin

publicationsuntilthe1990s.Certainly,Pittsburghersfeastedonweddingcookietableswell

beforethe1990s（但直到20世紀90年代，餅干桌與婚禮的聯(lián)系才出現(xiàn)在出版物上。當

然，早在20世紀90年代之前，匹茲堡人就在婚禮餅干桌上大快朵頤）”可知它首次出

現(xiàn)在20世紀90年代的婚禮上是錯誤的，排除選項B。第三段中MarcSerrao老人的話

“WhenIwasakid,thebigtalkwasnot'Howwasthewedding?Instead,itwas'Howwere

thecookies?（當我還是個孩子的時候，人們談?wù)摰牟皇?，婚禮怎么樣？’而是，餅干怎么

樣？'）"及第四段"thistraditionofsharingsweethomemadecookiesatweddingsisbaked

intoPittsburghculture（這種在婚禮上分享自制甜餅干的傳統(tǒng)已經(jīng)融入了匹茲堡的文化）”

可知這是匹茲堡婚禮的重要組成部分。故選D。

9.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“There5snoexactnumberofcookiesatawedding.It5s

usuallysomewherebetweensixperguestuptoone-and-a-halfdozen（十二）perguest.（婚禮

上沒有確切的餅干數(shù)量。它通常在每位客人6到每位客人L5打之間）”可知，

1.5*12=18,即通常為每位客人準備6至18塊餅干。故選C。

10.答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段""Generally,itisrecommendedtowaituntilafter

dinner.（一般來說，建議等到晚飯后再吃。）”可知通?？腿俗詈玫鹊酵盹埡蟪燥灨?。故

選B。

11.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"However,whatistraditionandwhathappensaretwo

totallydifferentthings,5,MarcSerraosays,"IdaresomeonetotellGrandmathatsheisnot

allowedtopickacookieoffthecookietablebeforedinner.IalsodaresomeonetotellAunt

Betsythatsheisnotallowedtoputfourcookiesinherbagforthenextmorningwithher

coffee.”（“然而，什么是傳統(tǒng)和發(fā)生什么是完全不同的事情，"MarcSerrao說?！拔腋腋?/p>

訴奶奶，晚飯前不允許她從餅干桌上摘餅干。我也敢對貝茜阿姨，第二天早上她不允

許在包里放四塊餅干和咖啡。可推斷MarcSerrao認為這些規(guī)矩不是死的，規(guī)則也

有例外。故選A。

12.答案：C

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Bybeinghonestwithpeople,younotonlybuildup

goodwill,butalsosavealotofbrainpower（通過對人誠實，你不僅可以建立善意，還

可以節(jié)省大量的腦力）”可知，這一段寫誠實的好處。故選C項。

13.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。第二段“However,lyingtakesmuchmorework.然而，撒謊需要付出

更多的努力?！睘楸径沃黝}句，后面的句子“Imagineyou5relatetoclassandtheteacher

askswhy.Ifyoudecidetolie,youhavetomakeupastoryonthespot,thinkaboutthe

variousdirectionstheconversationmighttakeandfigureoutwhatyouneedtosaytokeep

thiswholeliefromfallingapart.Youmightnotbeawareofit,butyoujustgiveyourbraina

lotofextrawork.（想象一下你上課遲到了，老師問你為什么。如果你決定撒謊，你必須

當場編造一個故事，思考談話可能會朝著不同的方向發(fā)展，并想清楚你需要說些什么

才能避免整個謊言分崩離析。你可能沒有意識到，但你只是給了你的大腦很多額外的

工作。）”都是舉例說明?？芍?，作者用學生撒謊這個例子來支持其論點：撒謊需要付

出更多的努力。故選D項。

14.答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustfora

littlewhile（工作記憶會讓一些事情在腦海中停留一段時間），以及“Itstoresthingsfor

onlyashortwhileasyou'reusingthem,anditdoesn'tputtheminlong-termstorage.（當你使

用它們時，它只會在短時間內(nèi)存儲它們，而不會將它們長期存儲。）”可知，working

memory屬于短時記憶。故選B項。

15.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。第一段"Mostpeopledon'tlieverymuch.Itmakessense.Bybeing

honestwithpeople,younotonlybuildupgoodwill,butalsosavealotofbrainpowersince

yourbraindoesn'thavetodoanythingoutoftheordinarywhenyoutellthetruth.Youjust

thinkofwhatyouwanttosay,andyousayit.（大多數(shù)人不怎么說謊。這很有道理。通過對

人誠實，你不僅可以建立善意，還可以節(jié)省大量的腦力，因為當你說實話時，你的大

腦不必做任何不同尋常的事情。你只要想一想你想說什么，然后就說出來。）”是說誠

實的好處，而二、三和四段從不同角度說撒謊的危害。所以用A項“WhatArethe

HarmfulEffectsofLying?（說謊有哪些有害影響？）”作為本文的題目，與文章主題相

符合。故選A項。

16.答案：①-⑤DCGEB

解析：①根據(jù)后文的“Youcanincreasethechanceoffindinganartpiecethatyoucan

connectwithbygoingtoamuseumthatinterestsyou.（你可以通過去你感興趣的博物館來

增加找到一件與你有聯(lián)系的藝術(shù)品的機會。廠可知，此處強調(diào)的是通過增加興趣來增

加找到一件與你有聯(lián)系的藝術(shù)品的機會即強調(diào)興趣的作用。D選項“Pickamuseumthat

isrelatedtoyourinterest（選擇一個與你的興趣相關(guān)的博物館）”引起下文。故選D。

②根據(jù)前文“Forexample,theMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkhasalmost200,000

works.Soberealisticabouthowlongyoucanspendatthemuseum.（例如，紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)

博物館有近20萬件作品。所以對于你能在博物館待多久要現(xiàn)實一點。戶可知，此處強

調(diào)對于讓你的博物館之旅簡短而集中，后文應(yīng)該提出在博物館停留多長時間。C選項

“Youdon'tneedmorethananhourortwo（你不需要超過?兩個小時）”給具體建議，即不

需要在博物館中停留一兩個小時。故選C。

③木艮據(jù)空后“Forexample,whenyouarelookingatsculptures（雕塑）,trytocopythemwith

yourbody.（例如，當你看雕塑時，試著用你的身體去模仿它們。）”以及后文的“Itcan

openupnewpathwaysandpossibilitiesofhowyoumightmakesenseofthesethingsinyour

life,too.（它也可以為你如何理解生活中的這些事情開辟新的途徑和可能性。）”可知，設(shè)

空處強調(diào)的是講模仿雕像的好處。G選項“Itcanhelpyouappreciatehowartistsexpress

theiremotionsmoredeeplyo（它可以幫助你更深入地欣賞藝術(shù)家如何表達他們的情

感。）”繼續(xù)強調(diào)模仿雕像的好處。故選G項。

④根據(jù)本段斷指“Keepanopenmindtoreflectandappreciate（保持開放的心態(tài)去反思和欣

賞）''以及前文的“Someartworksmaybesurprising,whileothersmightbedisappointing.（W

些藝術(shù)品可能令人驚訝，而另一些則可能令人失望。）”可知，保持開放的心態(tài)去反思

和欣賞，不同的藝術(shù)作品給予人的感受不同。E選項“Instead,allowyourselftofeelhow

theartmakesyoufeel（相反，讓自己去感受藝術(shù)帶給你的感覺）”強調(diào)，無論藝術(shù)作品給

人怎樣的感受，要讓自己去感受，與段旨呼應(yīng)。故選E。

⑤根據(jù)本段段旨“Drawpersonalconnectionstotheartwork（畫出個人與藝術(shù)作品的聯(lián)

系）“以及空前"Soletyourmindwanderandfollowyourthoughtwhereveritleadsyou.（所

以，讓你的思想漫游，跟隨你的思想，無論它把你帶到哪里。）”可知，此處主要闡述

如何與藝術(shù)品建立情感聯(lián)系即讓你的思想與藝術(shù)品的思想同游，最終就會產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。

B選項“Thenadeepconnectionwillhappen.（然后一種深層次的聯(lián)系就會發(fā)生。）“承接前

文。故選B。

17.答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這里沒有銀行，也沒有餐館，只有一座小石頭建

筑，就在州際公路旁邊。A.bridge橋；B.building建筑物；C.table桌子；D.forest森

林。這里沒有銀行沒有餐館，而只有一個建筑物，該大樓的一半是郵局。故選B。

【答案2】答案：A

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的一半是郵局。另一半是一個只有一個房間的圖

書館。A.library圖書館；B.hotel賓館;C.restaurant餐館；D.school學校。根據(jù)后文

“tookoverthislibrary”可知，它的一半是郵局。另一半是一個只有一個房間的圖書館。

故選Ao

【答案3】答案：C

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rachel四個月前接管了這個圖書館，她的目標是將

社區(qū)與外界聯(lián)系起來，并為孩子們創(chuàng)建一個學習中心。A.opportunity機會；B.loss損

失；C.goal目標；D.benefit好處。目標是將社區(qū)與外界聯(lián)系起來，并為孩子們創(chuàng)建一

個學習中心。故選C。

【答案4】答案：D

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.processing加工，處理；B.data數(shù)據(jù)；C.

health健康；D.learning學習。根據(jù)前文“tookoverthislibrary”可知，Rachel目標是將

社區(qū)與外界聯(lián)系起來，并為孩子們創(chuàng)建一個學習中心。故選D。

【答案5】答案：A

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的首要任務(wù)是尋找他認為每個圖書館都必須有的

書。A.searchingfor尋找；B.cleaningup清理；C.bringingabout弓I起；D.puttingdown

鎮(zhèn)壓，記下。根據(jù)后文“Ilookedandlooked.Butwedidn'thave.”可知，她的首要任務(wù)是

尋找她認為每個圖書館都必須有的書。故選A。

【答案6】答案：B

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她開始利用社交媒體向全州各地的人們籌集

資金，并已經(jīng)為圖書館增加了大約1000本新書。A.donate捐贈；B.raise舉起，籌

集；C.beg祈求；D.reject拒絕。根據(jù)后文“moneyfrompeoplearoundthestate”可知，

她利用社交媒體向全州各地的人們籌集資金。故選B。

【答案7】答案：C

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.mailed發(fā)送郵件；B.left離開；C.added增

加，補充；D.written寫。根據(jù)后文“about1,000newbookstothelibrary”可知，她已經(jīng)

為圖書館增加了大約1000本新書。故選C。

【答案8】答案：D

解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然默特爾圖書館接受納稅人的錢，但它每月只有

200美元的書籍和用品費用。A.borrows借；B.steals偷；C.forgets忘記；D.receives

收到。根據(jù)后文“taxpayermoney”可知，默特爾圖書館接受納稅人的錢。故選D。

【答案9】答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但圖書館是社區(qū)的生命線，因為這里的許多人在家

里不能上網(wǎng)，圖書館是人們與外界聯(lián)系的唯一場所。A.