2024年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2024年江蘇省南京市鼓樓區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷一、單選題：本大題共10小題，共10分。1.—Furthertreatmentwill_______cancerfromdevelopingworse.

—Andregularexercisecanalsohelp.（）A.protect B.escape C.get D.prevent2.Theweatherthereisn'tnice，____________？（）A.isthere B.isit C.isn'tthere D.isn'tit3.-

Could

you

tell

me

________？

-

Next

year．（）A.when

did

he

come

back B.when

he

came

back

C.when

will

he

come

back D.when

he

will

come

back4.I

don't

care

how

you

do

the

job.I

only

care

it

can

be

done.Just

give

me

a

date!A.where B.when C.what D.why5.—Doyouknow________awonderfulmatchandtwobasketballmatchesonJuly15th？

—Yeah.Iamgoingtowatchthemonthatday.（）A.therewillbe B.thereisgoingtohave

C.therearegoingtobe D.istheregoingtobe6.--Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight？

--I______inmyofficeatthattime．（）A.worked B.works C.was

working7.He________hisleftarmintheaccidentlastweek.（）A.hurt B.hurted C.hurts D.washurting8.Jack______his

father．They

are

both

friendly．（）A.looks

after B.looks

like C.takes

after D.looks

up9.Ifyouhavenotimetogototheparty，youshouldturndownhisinvitation_____.（）A.widely B.lately C.politely D.badly10.-Doesanyonewanttoshare

onMother'sDay？

-Guesswhat？I'llbuysomebeautifulflowersforher.（）A.whatyouwilldo B.howyouwillshop C.whereyouwillgo二、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共22.5分。Mr．Smithhadasmallsupermarketinasmalltown．Allthepeoplewholivednearby(11)togotohissupermarketandbuythingsthere．Butseveralyearsago，abigchainedstore(12)inthatareaanditsoldallkindsofthingsfromthetoothbrushtoTVand，aboveall，thepricewaspretty(13)．Soalotofsmallshops(14)exceptMr．Smith's．Themanagerofthechainedstorewantedtoexplore(15)washiddenbehindMr．Smith'ssuccess，sohedecidedtodropintoMr．Smith'ssupermarketandhesawaladybuyingthingsthere．Hestoppedher(16)andasked"Madam，whydon'tyougotothebigchainedstore？"

Withasmile，theladytoldhimitwasbecauseofapairofshoes．Shetoldhimastory．Threeyearsago，(17)herdivorce（離婚），sheworkedhardtoraiseherfamilyandonedaywhensheboughtthingsinasupermarket，Tom，oneofherlittlechildren，(18)thesupermarketandaskedhertobuyhimanewpairofshoes．Hecried，"TodayIhadabasketballmatch，butallthepeople(19)mebecauseoftheshoes．"Shewantedtobuyhimapairofshoesbutthemoneyinherpocketwas(20)enoughforamilk．"IamsorrybutI(21)whenwehavemoney，"themothersaid．Seeingthattherewasnohope，Tomranaway．Thewomanstoodthereweeping（哭泣）．Latersherealizedthat(22)waspattingonherback．(23)，shefounditwasMr．Smith．Hetookapairofshoesthatthesonwantedtobuy．

"Takethem，"hesaid．

"ButIdon'thaveenoughmoney，"thewomanshookherhead．

"Takethem，yoursoncan'twait．Youcanpaymelater，"Mr．Smithtoldher．

Nowthemanagerofthechainedstoreknewthe(24)forMr．Smith'ssuccess．HedecidedthathewouldfollowinMr．Smith'sfootsteps，puttinghisheartintowhateverhedidwiththehopeofattractingmorecustomers．Andhedidsoaftertheyearsthatfollowed，whichalso(25)．11.A.disliked B.liked C.refused D.decided12.A.disappeared B.reached C.appeared D.entered13.A.low B.wrong C.unfair D.high14.A.turnedoff B.openedup C.showedup D.closeddown15.A.who B.why C.how D.what16.A.rudely B.politely C.loudly D.proudly17.A.before B.after C.until D.since18.A.calledin B.droppedby C.rushedinto D.passedby19.A.laughedat B.quarreledwith

C.believedin D.madefriendswith20.A.normally B.mainly C.only D.surely21.A.doubt B.expect C.imagine D.promise22.A.anybody B.everybody C.somebody D.nobody23.A.Lookingahead B.Turningaround C.Turningdown D.Comingback24.A.rule B.answer C.meaning D.reason25.A.made B.accepted C.worked D.suggested三、閱讀理解：本大題共21小題，共42分。A

Gettingelectricityhasalwaysbeenaproblemforthe173peoplelivinginNuevoSaposoa,asmallvillageinPeru,SouthAmerica.However,thingswentfrombadtoworseinMarch2015,afterheavyrainsdamagedtheonlypowercablesinthearea.Thevillagerswereforcedtouseoillamps,whicharenotonlyexpensivebutalsodangerousbecauseoftheharmfulgasestheyproduce.

Luckily,researchersattheUniversityofTechnology(UT)inLima,Peruheardabouttheirproblemandfoundawonderfulsolution.Theymadealampthatcanbepoweredbyplantsandsoil,bothofwhichcanbeeasilyfoundintheAmazonianrainforestwherethevillagelies.ThelamptakesenergyfromaplantgrowinginawoodenboxandusesittolightupanLEDlightbulb.

Whilethatmaysoundamazingandevenimpossible,thesciencebehindtheidesisquitesimple.Asplantscreatetheirfood(usingthesun'senergy,waterandchemicalsfromthesoil),theyalsoproducewastewhichtheyreturntothesoil.Tinyanimalsinthesoileatthiswasteandtheyproduceelectrons—thebuildingblocksofelectricalenergy.TheUTteamputspecialsticksinsidethesoiltocapturetheenergyandkeepitinthelamp'sbatteriesforlateruse.Theresearcherssayasinglechargecanpowera50-wattLedlightfortwohours—enoughtimeforlocalvillagerstogettheireveningworkdone.

TheuniversitygavetenPlantLampstothevillagersofNuevoSaposoainOctober2015.Sofar,theyhavebeenahugesuccess!ElmerRamirez,theUTprofessorwhoinventedthelamp,believesthePlantLampcouldhelpimprovethelivesofmanypeople,especiallysmallrainforestcommunities,42%ofwhomhavenoelectricity.26.WhataretheproblemsofoillampsaccordingtoParagraph1?A.They

are

difficult

to

use

and

create

pollution

B.?They

are

expensive

to

buy

and

easily

damaged

C.?They

are

difficult

to

repair

and

produce

little

light

D.?They

are

expensive

to

use

and

can

be

bad

for

health27.???TheelectricitymadebythePlantLampcomesfrom______．A.?plant

food B.?plant

waste

C.?the

soil's

heat D.thesoil'senergy28.??WhatistrueaboutthePlantLamp？A.?It

can

be

made

by

local

people

B.?It

is

much

easier

to

use

than

oil

lamps

C.?It

can

produce

all

the

electricity

the

village

need

D.?The

things

it

needs

to

make

electricity

are

easy

to

find29.??ThePlantLamp'sinventorbelievesitcouldbemosthelpfulfor______.A.?rainforestcommunities B.?cars

C.?poorpeopleincities D.?farmers30.?Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？A.?To

report

on

a

new

invention

B.?To

explain

a

new

scientific

theory

C.?To

describe

how

electricity

is

made

D.?To

discuss

the

problems

of

poor

villagesBAnimportantquestionabouteatingoutiswhopaysforthemeal.Ifafriendofyoursasksyoutohavelunchwithhim，youmaysaysomethinglikethis，"I'mafraidit'llhavetobesomewherecheap，asIhavelittlemoney."Theotherpersonmaysay，"OK，I'llmeetyouatMcDonald's."

ThismeansthatthetwoagreetogoDutch，thatis，eachpersonpaysforhimself.Hemayalsosay，"Oh，no，IwanttotakeyoutolunchatSmith's，"or"IwantyoutotrytheChinesedumplingsthere.Theyaregreat.Thismeansthepersonwantstopayforbothofyou.Ifyoufeelfriendlytowardstheperson，youcangowithhimandyouneedn'tpayforthemeal.Youmayjustsay，"Thankyou.Thatwouldbeverynice."

Americancustomaboutwhopaysfordates（約會(huì)）ismuchthesameasinotherpartsoftheworld.Intheolddays，Americanwomenwantedmentopayforallthemeals.But，today，auniversitygirlorawomaninbusinessworldwillusuallypayforherown.31.Thepassagetellsus______.A.howtoeatout B.wheretoeatout

C.whattoeatout D.whopaysforthemeal32.Ifyouhavelittlemoney，______.A.you'llnotpayforyourmeal B.you'llborrowsomefromothers

C.you'llhaveacheapmeal D.youwillnoteatanything33."GoDutch"inthispassagemeans______.A.去飯館 B.就餐 C.訂餐 D.各自付款34.Ifyourfriendsaystoyou"Iwanttotakeyoutolunchatnoon".Thatmeans______.A.thepersonwantstolendsomemoneytoyou

B.thepersonwantstopayforbothofyou

C.thepersonwillbeangrywithyou

D.thepersoncan'tunderstandyou35.InAmerica，somegirlsandwomen______intheolddays.A.askedmentopayfortheirmeals B.triedtopayforthemen'smeals

C.triedtopayfortheirownmeals D.neverhadanythingoutsideCMissBaileytaughtmeEnglishinJuniorschool．Shecycledtoschool，andthenwhenenteringtheschoolgate，shewouldgaveherbicycletoanyoneofustoparkitforher．Itwasaprivilege（特別恩典）whenMissBaileygaveherbicycletoyou．OnedayShankarstoodatthegate，Shankarwasahunchback（駝背的人）．

Welaughedandsaid，"Moveoutoftheway，Shankar!MissBaileyisgoingtoenter!"MissBaileydroveinandweallrushedtoofferourhandstoher．ButMissBaileylookedpastusall．"Willyouparkitforme？"sheasked．WelookedbacktoseewhoitwasandweresurprisedtoseeitwastowardsShankar．"Idon'tthinkso，MissBailey!"stammered（結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說(shuō)）Shankar．"Why!Youlazyfellow!"saidMissBaileyplayfully．"Youdon'twanttohelpyourteacher，doyou？""OfcourseIwantto，MissBailey!"whisperedShankar．"ButImightdropyourcycle!""Ifyoudropit，youpickitup!"saidtheteacherwithasmile．

WiththatshegavehercycletoShankaranddidn'tlooktoseehowhe'dmanage．Pretendingshehadconfidenceinhisabilities，MissBaileyturnedandwalkedtoclass．WewatchedShankarasheheldherbike，weheldourbreathaswethoughtitwasgoingtofall．Dinesrushedtohelp．"Leaveit!"Shankarsaid，andweallstopped．Itseemedthathishump（駝背）disappearedashedrewhimselfuptohisfullheight，andthenwithgrowingconfidence，hepushedMissBailey'scycletotheparkinglot．Theschoolbellrang，andwerushedtoclass．Shankarwasthelasttoenter，butweweresurprised；itwasadifferentboywhowalkedin．

MissBaileydidn'tevenlookathimashewalkedtoherandhandedherthekey．Fromthatdayon，Shankarwasreadytoanswerthequestionsinclass，hisgradeswentupandasmileappearedonhisface．36.MissBaileygotoschool______．A.bybus B.bybike． C.bytaxi． D.onfoot37.WhenShankarenteredtheclassroomafterparkingthebike，______A.MissBaileypraisedhim B.hisclassmatescheered

C.hishumpdisappeared D.hewasfullofconfidence38.Itcanbeinferred（推斷）fromthepassagethatBailey______．A.livedacomfortablelife B.hadnopityonShankar

C.washardonherstudents D.treatedeverystudentfairlyDSciencehasalotofuses．Itcanuncoverlawsofnature，curediseases，makebombs，andhelpbridgestostandup．Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere'salwaysatemptation（誘惑）todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful．DavidBrooks，authorofTheSocialAnimal：TheHiddenSourcesofLove，Character，andAchievement，appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtogoagainstthetemptation．

Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks．HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal，however，ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks．Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics．Thebookfocusesonbigquestions：Whathasscienceuncoveredabouthumannature？Whatarethesourcesofcharacter？Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren't？

Toanswerthesequestions，Brooksstudiesawiderangeofdisciplines（學(xué)科）．Consideringthis，youmightexpectthebooktobeasimpledescriptionoffacts．ButBrookshasformedhisbookinanunusual，andperhapsunfortunateway．Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories，hetellsastory，withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints，perhapsinordertokeepthereader'sattention．SoasHaroldandErica，theheroandheroineinhisstory，livethroughchildhood，wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopmentandastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction．Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters．

Onthewhole，Brooks'storyisacceptableifuninspired．Asonewouldexpect，hiswritingismostlyclearand，tobefair，somechaptersstandoutabovetherest．Ienjoyed，forinstance，thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown．WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters，themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere．TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks'attempttotranslatehistaleintoscience．39.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto______．A.explainwheresciencecanbeapplied

B.showthevalueofBrooks'newbook

C.remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscience

D.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks40.Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook？______A.Itsstrongbasis． B.Itsclearwriting．

C.Itsconvincingpoints． D.Itsmemorablecharacters．41.Whatistheauthor'sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook？______A.Contradictory． B.Supportive．

C.Cautious． D.Critical．42.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph？______A.Deathofthecharacters． B.Brooks'lifeexperience．

C.Problemswiththebook． D.Brooks'translationskills．EArtificialintelligence：Google'sAlphaGobeatsGomasterLeeSe-dol

AcomputerprogramhasbeatenamasterGoplayer3-0inabest-of-fivecompetition，inwhatisseenasalandmarkmomentforartificialintelligence（人工智能）．

Google?sAlphaGoprogramwasplayingagainstLeeSe-dolinSeoul，inSouthKorea．

MrLeehadbeenconfidenthewouldwinbeforethecompetitionstarted．

"AlphaGoplayedconsistently（穩(wěn)定地）frombeginningtotheendwhileLee，asheisonlyhuman，showedsomementalweakness，"oneofLee?scoaches，KwonKap-Yong，toldtheAFPnewsagency．

MrLeeisconsideredasasuccessfulGoplayer，havingwonmanycompetitionsinhiscareer．

Goisagameoftwoplayerswhotaketurnsputtingblackorwhitestonesona19-by-19grid（棋格）．Playerswinbysurroundingtheircompetitorspieceswiththeirown．?

Inthefirstgameoftheseries（系列賽），AlphaGowonbyaverysmallchance-MrLeehadledformostofthematch，butAlphaGomanagedtobuildupastrongleadinitsclosingstages．

AfterlosingthesecondmatchtoDeepMind，LeeSe-dolsaidhewas"speechless"addingthattheAlphaGomachineplayeda"nearlyperfectgame"．

ExpertssaidthatLeeSe-dolhadbroughthis"topgame"butthatAlphaGohadwon"ingreatstyle"．

TheAlphaGosystemwasdevelopedbyBritishcomputercompanyDeepMindwhichwasboughtbyGooglein2014．Ithasbuiltupitsspecialskillsbystudyingoldergamesandteasingoutsomanykindsofwaysofplay．And，accordingtoDeepMindCEODemisHassabis，ithasalsospentalotoftimejustplayingthegame．

"Itplayeditself，millionsandmillionsoftimesandeachtimegotalittlebetter-itlearnsfromitsmistakes，"hetoldtheBBCbeforethematchesstarted．

Thisgoodcircleofcontinuousimprovementmeantthesupercomputerwentintothefive-matchseriesstrongerthanwhenitbeattheEuropeanplayerlatelastyear．

Doesthismeanartificialintelligenceisnowsmarterthanusandwillkillushumans？Certainlynot．AlphaGodoesn?tcareifitwinsorloses．Doesitmeanthatartificialintelligencewillsoontakeyourjob？Possiblyyoushouldbemoreworriedaboutthat．43.WhathadLeeSe-dolthoughtaboutthecompetitionbeforeitstarted？______A.HewouldbeatAlphaGo．

B.AlphaGowouldleadthematch．

C.Itwashardtotellwhowouldwin．

D.AlphaGowouldhavesomeweakness．44.Whathappenedinthefirstgameoftheseries？______A.MrLeewonbyaverysmallchance．

B.AlphaGohadledformostofthematch．

C.MrLeewasbeatenbyAlphaGofinally．

D.AlphaGobuiltupastrongleadatthebeginning．45.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"teasingout"probablymean？______A.Givingout． B.Workingout． C.Runningout． D.Pointingout．46.Thewritermayagreethat______inthefuture．A.humanwillbekilledbyartificialintelligence

B.artificialintelligencewilldoeverythingforhuman

C.peoplemightlosejobsbecauseofartificialintelligence

D.artificialintelligencewillbemuchsmarterthanhuman．四、閱讀填空：本大題共1小題，共10分。47.I'mHongmei.I（1）______（learn）Englishformanyyears，butIdon'tfinditeasy.IwenttoanEnglish-speakingcountryonourlastvacation，andIcouldnotspeaktothepeoplevery（2）______（good）.OurtourguidespokeEnglishforus.NowIknowitisimportant（3）______（learn）moreEnglish，soI'mhavingextra（4）______（lesson）inmyfreetime.Ibelieveitcanhelp（5）______（I）improvemyEnglishmoresoon.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共15分。48.請(qǐng)根據(jù)你校?？疜IDSMAG中HAVEYOURSAY欄目的征稿內(nèi)容，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，表達(dá)你的想法。

Hi，

AtKIDSMAGweliketoshareyourideasaboutourschool.Inmycolumn，HAVEYOURSAY，youcanletotherkidsknowwhatyouthink.ThismonthwewantyoutohaveyoursayaboutCultureWeekinourschool：

●whattheme（主題）ofCultureWeekyoulike

●whyyoulikethetheme

●whatactivity/activitiesyoucanorganizeforthetheme

Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

注意：

（1）對(duì)所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

（2）詞數(shù)80左右，文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

（3）文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個(gè)人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

IamgladtosharemyideasaboutCultureWeekinourschool.______________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】protect保護(hù)；escape逃跑；get得到；prevent阻止?？崭窈竺娴脑~語(yǔ)是cancerfromdevelopingworse（癌癥從發(fā)展更糟）可知，進(jìn)一步的治療將阻止癌癥發(fā)展得更嚴(yán)重。prevent...from...動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，阻止...。

故選：D。

—進(jìn)一步的治療將阻止癌癥發(fā)展得更嚴(yán)重。

—而且定期鍛煉也可以幫助。

首先要掌握動(dòng)詞的意思以及用法，然后根據(jù)具體的題目，就可以做正確選擇。2.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．根據(jù)Theweatherthereisn'tnice，____________？，可知本句考查了反意疑問(wèn)句，在反意疑問(wèn)句中：前肯定，后否定，或者前否定，后肯定．再根據(jù)isn't可知前半句為否定句，所以后一句定為肯定句，排除CD．主語(yǔ)是theweather，可用it代替，故選：B。

那兒的天氣不好，是嗎？

本題考查反意疑問(wèn)句形式，要掌握不同句式的變化形式，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累與運(yùn)用，達(dá)到熟練掌握的目的．3.【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)答語(yǔ)Nextyear可知要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)．故可排除AB．再根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，故可排除C．

故選：D．

-你能告訴我他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)嗎？

-明年．

做單項(xiàng)選擇填空的技巧是：排除比較法．根據(jù)上下文意思或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，推斷出合適的時(shí)態(tài)，排除錯(cuò)誤的答案，然后再比較剩下的選擇項(xiàng)，從而做出正確的答案．4.【答案】B【解析】句意：我不在乎你怎么做這份工作，我只在乎什么時(shí)候能做，給我一個(gè)日期！A.哪；B.什么時(shí)候；C.什么；D.為什么。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)該是問(wèn)時(shí)間，用疑問(wèn)詞when。故選B。5.【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)題干可知，本句考查therebe句型，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，therebe句型的一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為：therewillbe或thereis/aregoingtobe，主語(yǔ)match（比賽）是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

故選：A。

—你知道7月15日將有一場(chǎng)精彩的比賽和兩場(chǎng)籃球賽嗎？

—是的，我打算那天去看。

掌握therebe句型一般將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法是解答本題的關(guān)鍵。6.【答案】C【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)．分析句意，此處表示"昨晚8點(diǎn)的時(shí)候正在工作"，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)．過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)was/weredoing．

故選：C．

-你昨天晚上8點(diǎn)在做什么？

-那時(shí)候我正在辦公室工作．

此類題目，分析語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合句意，便可選出正確答案．7.【答案】A【解析】hurt使受傷。選項(xiàng)A是動(dòng)詞原形或過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞；選項(xiàng)B是錯(cuò)誤形式；選項(xiàng)C是第三人稱單數(shù)形式；選項(xiàng)D是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)句中的lastweek（上周）可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示，正確答案是A。

故選：A。

他在上周的事故中傷了他的左臂。

解答本題需首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和時(shí)態(tài)，明確考點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)作答。8.【答案】C【解析】答案：C。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：杰克與他的爸爸相像，他們都是友好的。looksafter照料；lookslike看起來(lái)像，指長(zhǎng)得像；takeafter：與……相像，性格類似于；looksup查找。根據(jù)題干Theyarebothfriendly?？芍芸伺c他的爸爸性格相像，故選C。

杰克與他的爸爸相像，他們都是友好的。

理解各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容作答。9.【答案】C【解析】Awidely廣泛地；Blately近來(lái)；Cpolitely禮貌地；Dbadly差地．if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)從句Ifyouhavenotimetogototheparty"如果你沒(méi)有時(shí)間去派對(duì)"，可知，要禮貌地拒絕他的邀請(qǐng)，所以空格處填politely．

故選：C．

如果你沒(méi)有時(shí)間去派對(duì)，你應(yīng)該禮貌地拒絕他的邀請(qǐng)．

辨析每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷對(duì)應(yīng)的答案．10.【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)題干，可知考查賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)I'llbuysomebeautifulflowersforher，可知問(wèn)的是要做什么．A．你要做什么B．你如何購(gòu)物C．你要去哪里．此處A符合題意．

故選：A．

-有誰(shuí)想分享一下母親節(jié)你要做什么嗎？

-你猜？我要給她買些漂亮的花．

熟悉賓語(yǔ)從句的用法，結(jié)合題意，給出答案．11~25.【答案】B、C、A、D、D、B、B、C、A、C、D、C、B、D、C【解析】文章大意：Smith先生開了一個(gè)小超市，非常受客人們的歡迎．這個(gè)地方又新開了一個(gè)連鎖商店，吸引了很多顧客，很多小商店都倒閉了，但是Smith先生的超市沒(méi)有．連鎖商店的經(jīng)理就想知道為什么，因此他就去了超市，從一個(gè)女士的嘴里得到了答案．

對(duì)于此類記敘文章，答題時(shí)需要把握好答題的方法，首先對(duì)文章進(jìn)行整體的閱讀，初中的完型來(lái)說(shuō)不難，重在對(duì)單詞詞義的考查及其整個(gè)文章語(yǔ)言邏輯關(guān)系的判斷．所以在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中除了多去積累記憶單詞外，還需要適當(dāng)做題，保持良好的語(yǔ)感與閱讀的習(xí)慣．

1.

B動(dòng)詞辨析．disliked不喜歡；liked喜歡；refused拒絕；decided決定．根據(jù)句意andbuythingsthere可知，人們?nèi)mith先生的超市買東西，說(shuō)明他們喜歡去，故選B．

2.

C動(dòng)詞辨析．disappeared消失；reached到達(dá)；appeared出現(xiàn)；entered進(jìn)入．根據(jù)后面inthatareaanditsoldallkindsofthingsfromthetoothbrushtoTVand，aboveall，里面賣各種各樣的東西，從牙刷到電視．可矢但是幾年前，在那個(gè)地方出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)大的連鎖商店，這個(gè)地方又開了一個(gè)連鎖商店，故選C．

3.

A形容詞辨析．low低的；wrong錯(cuò)誤的；unfair不公平的；high高的．根據(jù)上文和句意aboveall可知，這個(gè)連鎖商店里東西種類非常的多，價(jià)格應(yīng)該是便宜，所以才使很多小的商店都倒閉了．故選A．

4.

D短語(yǔ)辨析．turnedoff關(guān)閉；openedup打開；showedup出現(xiàn)；closeddown關(guān)門，倒閉．結(jié)合Soalotofsmallshops（19）exceptMr．Smith's根據(jù)是上文的意思可知，這個(gè)新開的連鎖商店商品種類很多，而且價(jià)格便宜，因此吸引了很多顧客，那么小的商店就倒閉了．故選D．

5.

D連詞辨析．who誰(shuí)；why為什么；how怎樣；what什么．根據(jù)Themanagerofthechainedstorewantedtoexplore（20）washiddenbehindMr．Smith'ssuccess句意這個(gè)連鎖商店的經(jīng)理想要知道在Smith先生成功背后的故事，因此他決定去拜訪Smith先生的超市．可知，這個(gè)連鎖商店的經(jīng)理想要知道隱藏在Smith先生成功背后的故事，這里用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做主語(yǔ)．故選D．

6.

B副詞辨析．rudely粗魯?shù)兀籶olitely禮貌地；loudly大聲地；proudly驕傲地．根據(jù)后面"Madam，whydon'tyougotothebigchainedstore？"夫人，你為什么不去大的連鎖店呢？"文意可知，這個(gè)人是連鎖商店的經(jīng)理，他并不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)女士，但是又想問(wèn)她問(wèn)題，因此應(yīng)該是有禮貌地問(wèn)．故選B．

7.

B介詞辨析．before在…之前；after在…之后；until直到…時(shí)候；since自從．根據(jù)下句話sheworkedhardtoraiseherfamily她努力工作養(yǎng)活她的家庭可知，這里應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是她離婚之后，故選B．

8.

C短語(yǔ)辨析．calledin號(hào)召；droppedby偶然拜訪；rushedinto沖進(jìn)；passedby經(jīng)過(guò)．根據(jù)后面thesupermarketandaskedhertobuyhimanewpairofshoes句意可知，她的孩子想讓她買鞋，所以是沖進(jìn)超市，故選C．

9.

A短語(yǔ)辨析．laughat嘲笑；quarrelwith和…吵架；believein相信，信任；madefriendswith和…交朋友．根據(jù)后面becauseoftheshoes．"Shewantedtobuyhimapairofshoesbutthemoneyinherpocket句意可知，因?yàn)門om沒(méi)有新鞋，同學(xué)們都嘲笑他，所以他想讓媽媽給他買一雙新鞋．故應(yīng)選A．

10.

C考查副詞辨析．normally正常地；mainly主要地；only僅僅，只；surely當(dāng)然，確定．根據(jù)后面enoughforamilk．句意可知，她口袋里的錢很少，買不起鞋，僅僅夠買牛奶的．故選C．

11.

D動(dòng)詞辨析．doubt懷疑；expect期望；imagine想象；promise承諾．根據(jù)IamsorrybutI（26）whenwehavemoney，"themothersaid句意可知，媽媽答應(yīng)他等有了錢就一定會(huì)買，故應(yīng)選D．

12.

C：代詞辨析．a(chǎn)nybody任何人，用于否定句中；everybody每個(gè)人；somebody某人，用于肯定句中；nobody沒(méi)有人．根據(jù)后面shefounditwasMr．Smith她發(fā)現(xiàn)是史密斯先生，可知句意，有人拍她的后背，故選C．

13.

B短語(yǔ)辨析．lookingahead向前看；turningaround轉(zhuǎn)身；turningdown拒絕；comingback回來(lái)．根據(jù)上文Latersherealizedthatsomebodywaspattingonherback．可知，有人拍她的后背，因此她應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)身看是誰(shuí)，故選B．

14.

D名詞辨析．rule規(guī)則；answer答案；meaning意思；reason原因．根據(jù)上文"Takethem，yoursoncan'twait．Youcanpaymelater，"Mr．Smithtoldher．"拿著，你兒子等不及了．你可以以后再付錢給我，"史米斯先生告訴她句意可知，通過(guò)那個(gè)女士的話，經(jīng)理知道了Smith先生的超市為什么沒(méi)有倒閉，故應(yīng)選D．

15.

C動(dòng)詞辨析．made是make的過(guò)去式，制作；accepted接受；worked起作用，有效；suggested建議．根據(jù)Andhedidsoaftertheyearsthatfollowed，whichalso文意可知，這個(gè)連鎖商店的經(jīng)理按照Smith先生做法去做自己的事情，結(jié)果是很有效的，故選C．26~30.【答案】D、B、D、A、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明。它能夠讓沒(méi)有供電的雨林地區(qū)的人們利用豐富的植物資源制造一種新的“植物電燈”。

1.

從首段的最后一句中關(guān)于oillamps的定語(yǔ)從句whicharenotonlyexpensivebutalsodangerous可知，油燈是一種不僅貴而且還很危險(xiǎn)的東西。故選D。

2.

從第三段的第三句Tinyanimalsinthesoileatthiswasteandtheyproduceelectrons—thebuildingblocksofelectricalenergy.（土壤中的小動(dòng)物吃了這些廢物，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生電子——電能的基本組成部分。）可知，這種植物燈所產(chǎn)生的電來(lái)源于植物所產(chǎn)生的廢物。故選B。

3.

根據(jù)第二段第一句Luckily,researchersattheUniversityofTechnology(UT)inLima,Peruheardabouttheirproblemandfoundawonderfulsolution.可知植物燈并不是當(dāng)?shù)厝酥谱鞯?，而是由一些調(diào)查專家所做，故A選項(xiàng)描述不正確；植物燈的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于不貴且無(wú)污染，而非使用方便，故B選項(xiàng)描述不正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的末句Theresearcherssayasinglechargecanpowera50-wattLedlightfortwohours—enoughtimeforlocalvillagerstogettheireveningworkdone.可知，植物燈并不能生產(chǎn)出人們所需要的全部電能，它只能產(chǎn)生供人們順利完成晚上工作的電能，故C選項(xiàng)描述不正確；根據(jù)第二段Theymadealampthatcanbepoweredbyplantsandsoil,bothofwhichcanbeeasilyfoundintheAmazonianrainforest（他們制作了一款可以由植物和土壤提供能量的燈，這兩種物質(zhì)在亞馬遜雨林中都很容易找到）可知，植物燈生電的材料主要是植物和土壤，而植物在雨林地區(qū)很容易找到，故D項(xiàng)描述正確。

4.

根據(jù)最好一段thePlantLampcouldhelpimprovethelivesofmanypeople,especiallysmallrainforestcommunities（植物燈可以幫助改善許多人的生活，特別是小型雨林社區(qū)）可知該植物燈更多可以用于那些沒(méi)有供電的地區(qū)。故選A。

5.

通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹科學(xué)家的了一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明——植物燈。故選A。31~35.【答案】D、C、D、B、A【解析】（1）D．主旨大意題．根據(jù)第一段Animportantquestionabouteatingoutiswhopaysforthemeal．結(jié)合后文的敘述，可知，在外面吃飯誰(shuí)付款的問(wèn)題．故選D．

（2）C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段，"I'mafraidit'llhavetobesomewherecheap，asIhavelittlemoney．"可知，如果錢少，可以吃便宜的飯菜，故選C．

（3）D．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)后文thatis，eachpersonpaysforhimself．這就是，個(gè)人為自己付款．可知意思是各自付款．故選D．

（4）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)短文第二段Thismeansthepersonwantstopayforbothofyou．可知，如果朋友說(shuō)"我想中午帶你去吃午飯"就代表他為你買單，故選B．

（5）A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段Intheolddays，Americanwomenwantedmentopayforallthemeals．可知，在過(guò)去，美國(guó)婦女和女孩要求男人支付餐費(fèi)．故選A．

這篇短文主要講述了在外面吃飯誰(shuí)付款的問(wèn)題．通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了在什么情況下朋友會(huì)為大家的餐費(fèi)買單，什么情況下各自付款．在吃飯之前弄清這個(gè)問(wèn)題很重要．

做題時(shí)首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破．掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，便可得出答案．36~38.【答案】B、D、D【解析】B

DD

文章講述了MissBailey對(duì)每個(gè)學(xué)生都很公平，專門讓駝背的Shankar幫她停車，這讓Shankar對(duì)自己充滿了自信．

本文是一篇閱讀選擇題，做題時(shí)要先通讀短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相關(guān)句子，根據(jù)句子選擇正確答案．

1.

B細(xì)節(jié)理解題，由第一段第二句Shecycledtoschool…可知，她騎自行車去學(xué)校．故選B．

2.

D細(xì)節(jié)理解題，由第三段

It

seemed

that

his

hump（駝背）disappeared

as

he

drew

himself

up

to

his

full

height，

and

then

with

growing

confidence，

he

pushed

Miss

Bailey's

cycle

to

the

parking

lot．可知，在停車的過(guò)程中Shankar越來(lái)越自信了，所以當(dāng)他停好車回到教室的時(shí)候，顯得自信滿滿．故選D．

3.

D推理判斷題，通過(guò)

But

Miss

Bailey

looked

past

us

all．

"Will

you

park

it

for

me？"

she

asked．

We

looked

back

to

see

who

it

was

and

were

surprised

to

see

it

was

towards

Shankar．可知MissBailey讓駝背的Shankar停車，由此可知MissBailey讓對(duì)每個(gè)學(xué)生都很公平，包括Shankar．故選D．39~42.【答案】D、B、D、C【解析】本文主要講現(xiàn)在有很多作家都在講科學(xué)與自己的書結(jié)合在一起，并以作者大衛(wèi)布魯克斯的作品為例進(jìn)行說(shuō)明．

先通讀全文，把握中心大意后開始答題，對(duì)暫時(shí)確定不了的答案，可再次回讀文章的有關(guān)內(nèi)容并對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析、推敲后再確定．

1.

D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)

Indeed

science

is

so

good

at

what

it

does

that

there's

always

a

temptation（誘惑）

to

drag

it

into

problems

where

it

may

not

be

helpful．

David

Brooks，

author

of

The

Social

Animal：

The

Hidden

Sources

of

Love，

Character，

and

Achievement，

appears

to

be

the

latest

in

a

long

line

of

writers

who

have

failed

to

go

against

the

temptation．事實(shí)上，科學(xué)在它所做的事情上是如此擅長(zhǎng)，總是有一種誘惑將它拖入可能沒(méi)有幫助的問(wèn)題中．"社會(huì)動(dòng)物：隱藏的愛(ài)情，性格和成就來(lái)源"一書的作者大衛(wèi)布魯克斯似乎是一系列未能反對(duì)誘惑的作家中的最新作者．可知是為了解釋為什么作家會(huì)在他們的作品中應(yīng)用科學(xué)．故選D．

2.

B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)

As

one

would

expect，

his

writing

is

mostly

clear

正如人們所預(yù)料的那樣，他的寫作大多是清楚的．故選B．

3.

D．細(xì)節(jié)推斷題．根據(jù)While

Harold

and

Erica

are

certainly

not

strong

or

memorable

characters，

the

more

serious

problems

with

The

Social

Animal

lie

elsewhere．

These

problems

partly

involve

Brooks'

attempt

to

translate

his

tale

into

science．雖然哈羅德和埃里卡肯定不是強(qiáng)大或令人難忘的角色，但社會(huì)動(dòng)物更嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題在于其他地方．這些問(wèn)題部分涉及布魯克斯試圖將他的故事轉(zhuǎn)化為科學(xué)．可知作者是批判的態(tài)度．故選D．

4.

C．推斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一句話These

problems

partly

involve

Brooks'

attempt

to

translate

his

tale

into

science．這些問(wèn)題部分涉及布魯克斯試圖將他的故事轉(zhuǎn)化為科學(xué)．可知是在提出問(wèn)題所在，故下一段可能會(huì)介紹這本書具體的問(wèn)題．故選C．43~46.【答案】A、C、B、C【解析】人工智能：谷歌研發(fā)的"AlphaGo"對(duì)陣圍棋高手李世石．

電腦軟件已經(jīng)連下三城在5局3勝制的規(guī)則下完勝了大師級(jí)圍棋高手，這已經(jīng)成為了人工智能的一個(gè)歷史性時(shí)刻．

今日，在韓國(guó)首爾，谷歌自行研究開發(fā)的‘阿爾法圍棋'已經(jīng)完成了與韓國(guó)圍棋高手李世石的對(duì)弈．親愛(ài)的‘小李子'在賽前曾拍著胸脯承諾一定能贏！

"AlphaGo"全程發(fā)揮穩(wěn)定，李就沒(méi)能做到，作為人類，他的腦力承受不了，"李的前師父，權(quán)甲龍對(duì)法新社如是說(shuō)道．

小李子（李世石）是一名當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的圍棋圣手，他在傳奇的職業(yè)生涯里已經(jīng)贏下了數(shù)不清的專業(yè)比賽．圍棋，眾所周知，它是一項(xiàng)有兩人各執(zhí)黑白棋在19*19格的木板上進(jìn)行的回合制游戲．它以圍地多者為勝．

回到今天的話題，在系列賽的第一場(chǎng)比賽中，AlphaGo以微弱的優(yōu)勢(shì)獲勝．小李子曾在比賽中的絕大部分時(shí)間里具領(lǐng)先之勢(shì)，但是，AlphaGo在比賽收官階段運(yùn)營(yíng)起了無(wú)可逆轉(zhuǎn)的巨大優(yōu)勢(shì)．來(lái)到第二局對(duì)弈，在輸?shù)暨@局后，小李子幾近啞口無(wú)言，只是輕描淡寫地補(bǔ)充到阿爾法幾乎發(fā)揮到了完美．兩位專家指出，小李子已經(jīng)為我們帶來(lái)了最頂尖的游戲！最頂尖的棋局，然而AlphaGo用更加華麗的風(fēng)格贏下了這場(chǎng)紫禁之巔的對(duì)