人教版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修第1冊UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS練習(xí)含答案

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSⅠ.閱讀理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龍卷風(fēng)).Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(發(fā)電機(jī))andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.BScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黃)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.NowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.Ⅱ.七選五HowtotakeafamilyroadtripRoadtripsareagreatoptionforvacationbecausetheyallowyoutoseemultipleplacesinonetripandcanbecustomizedtowhatyourfamilywantstodoandsee.1Herearesomestepstotakebeforeyouhittheroad.

First,youandyourfamilywillwanttofigureoutwhenyoucantakearoadtripandforhowlong.Youcanhaveeveryonesitdownwithacalendaranddecidewhenyoucantaketimeofftogether.Youmayfindyouhaveaweekattheendofthesummeroralongweekendinthefallwhenyou’refreetotravel.2

3Discusspotentialdestinationsandanyspecialfactorstoconsider,liketheweather.Youcouldchooseaplaceyou’vealwayswantedtovisit.Justbesuretochoosealocationthatgivesyoutimetogetthereandbackandenjoyyourvisit.

Thenyoucanmapoutyourroadtrip.PluginyourcurrentcityandfinaldestinationintoawebsiteorapplikeGoogleMapsandstartconsideringgoodplacestostoptosleepatnightandwhatsightsyoumightwanttovisitalongtheway.4Ifyouputinyourroute,itwillpopulatealistofinterestingthingstoseeonyourdrive.

Last,haveyourcarstockedwithnecessitieslikewater,snacks,andfirstaidsuppliesincaseofanemergency.5Forexample,youcantakeactivitybooksortravelversionsofboardgames.Youcanalsodownloadanaudiobookormusictolistentotogether.

A.Nextyou’llneedtodecidewheretogo.B.Toomanyclothesorvaluablesmakenosense.C.Asuccessfulroadtripalsotakessomeplanning.D.Youcanreallygainalotfromanamazingroadtrip.E.Anotheroptionistouseawebsitelike.F.You’llalsowanttothinkaboutwhattohavewithyoutostayentertained.G.Onceyou’vedeterminedwhatcanwork,haveeveryoneaddthetripdatestotheirschedule.Ⅲ.語法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShenNongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.(they).

Since200BCE,gojiberries4.(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.InChina,gojiberriesareknown5.“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,ShenNongBenCaoJing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus8.(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化劑),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

InChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華,上周你校舉辦了手工制作活動,活動用料全部來自生活中的可回收材料。請你為校英文報寫一篇短文,內(nèi)容包括:1.活動目的;2.活動內(nèi)容;3.你的感受。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。AHandcraftMakingActivity_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Triplett在暴風(fēng)雪后組織朋友對當(dāng)?shù)厥転?zāi)兒童進(jìn)行捐贈的故事。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Triplett...withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes.”可知,作為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦乃麄儏s安全的原因是災(zāi)難發(fā)生之際他們都沒有回到受災(zāi)區(qū)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.”可知,當(dāng)晚Triplett回到避難所后看到了許多災(zāi)民,其中一位母親正在撫慰因無法慶祝圣誕而傷心的兒子,讓他鎮(zhèn)靜下來。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgeneratorsandbottledwater,...purchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.”以及“Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.”可知,Triplett給災(zāi)區(qū)兒童們的捐贈物主要是玩具、棋盤游戲等娛樂用品。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning...tohelphoweverhecould.”;“Thatnight...theirlostChristmas.”以及最后一段的“Hecredits...theholidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避難所的景象并為之動容,從而決定組織捐贈?？梢酝茢喑?Triplett是一個富有同情心的且熱心腸的人。【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核的自轉(zhuǎn)速度可能比地球慢,但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)并非所有人都認(rèn)可,仍需要進(jìn)一步弄清到底發(fā)生了什么。5.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知,本段主要介紹的是地球內(nèi)核的構(gòu)造,與雞蛋的構(gòu)造有相似之處,所以,此處提到雞蛋是以此來說明地球內(nèi)核構(gòu)造。6.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.”和“TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.”可知,20世紀(jì)90年代對地球內(nèi)核的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向與地球相同,但速度略快。7.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,研究結(jié)果并非所有人都認(rèn)可,仍需要進(jìn)一步弄清到底發(fā)生了什么,由此可知,這項(xiàng)研究需要進(jìn)一步證實(shí)。8.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段可知,本文講述的是科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核可能比地球旋轉(zhuǎn)得更慢,下文對此研究進(jìn)行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科學(xué)研究報告。Ⅱ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹的是如何進(jìn)行家庭自駕游。1.C根據(jù)空前的“Roadtripsareagreatoption...familywantstodoandsee.”可知,自駕游有很多的便利之處,根據(jù)空后的“Herearesomestepstotakebeforeyouhittheroad.”可知,下文給出自駕游的方法,由此可知,自駕游雖有很多便利之處,但也需要有些計劃,C項(xiàng)講述的內(nèi)容起到承上啟下的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。2.G根據(jù)本段的主題句“First,youandyourfamilywillwanttofigureoutwhenyoucantakearoadtripandforhowlong.”可知,該段講述的是自駕游的時間安排,G項(xiàng)講述的與履行日期的安排有關(guān),與本文的主題一致。故選G項(xiàng)。3.A根據(jù)第二段的主題句中的“First”,以及第四段的主題句“Thenyoucanmapoutyourroadtrip.”可知,該主題句應(yīng)是按照順序講述,A項(xiàng)中的“Next”與“First”和“Then”銜接,且與空后的“Discusspotentialdestinationsandanyspecialfactorstoconsider,liketheweather.”相吻合。故選A項(xiàng)。4.E根據(jù)空前的“Pluginyourcurrentcityandfinal...visitalongtheway.”可知,此處講述的是規(guī)劃路線的建議,可以使用谷歌地圖等網(wǎng)站或應(yīng)用程序來規(guī)劃,E項(xiàng)中的“Anotheroption”承接了空前的內(nèi)容,講述的是使用類似于這樣的網(wǎng)站來規(guī)劃路線。故選E項(xiàng)。5.F根據(jù)空后的“Forexample,youcantakeactivitybooksortravelversionsofboardgames.”可知,自駕游可以帶上一些棋盤游戲,Forexample是為了對此空進(jìn)行舉例說明,由此可知,此空處講述的應(yīng)和自駕游攜帶的物品與娛樂相關(guān),F項(xiàng)講述的內(nèi)容與空后列舉的實(shí)例一致。故選F項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)草藥中的枸杞。1.which考查定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句,先行詞是前面整句話的內(nèi)容,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。2.treatment/treatments考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:據(jù)說神農(nóng)皇帝嘗過100種草藥,這使他能夠教中國人如何在飲食和治療疾病中使用它們。and連接兩個并列的名詞,可以用單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填treatment或treatments。3.them考查代詞。句意:這些草藥有助于身體保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介詞后用賓語,故填them。4.havebeenused考查動詞的語態(tài)。根據(jù)Since200BCE可知,此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語gojiberries和use是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài),主語是復(fù)數(shù),助動詞使用have。故填havebeenused。5.as考查介詞。句意:在中國