北師大版初三英語第17講：unit-9-詞匯篇(教師版)

Unit9詞匯篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并靈活運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)單詞、詞組2.理解、掌握并靈活運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)句型1.though雖然，盡管(1)though做副詞時意為“可是，不過”，一般放在句末。例如：It’shardwork.Ienjoyitthough.工作很辛苦，可是我樂意干。(2)though做連詞意為“雖然，盡管”，可以與although換用，although比though更加正式。例如：Although/Thoughtherearestillproblemstosolve,China’stree-plantingprogrammesarehuge.盡管中國的植樹工程還有問題需要解決，但是它仍然是個巨大的項(xiàng)目。注意：在asthough“仿佛，好像”eventhough“即使，縱然”等固定短語中不能用although。Sheclosedhereyesasthoughsheweretired.她閉上眼，仿佛很疲勞似的。2.worth值得的,beworthdoing值得做某事worth意為“值得的，有……的價值的”等，常常用作形容詞。在句中一般作表語，有時也可用作定語。如：aplaceworthseeing（值得一看的地方），adictionaryworth$50（一本值50美元的詞典）等。worth用作表語時，不能單獨(dú)使用，其后通常接動詞的-ing形式，而不能接動詞不定式。常用的句式有：(1)“主語+be+worth+動詞的-ing形式+……”此時，句子的主語就是worth之后動詞-ing形式的邏輯賓語。例如：NowJohnisworthtalkingto.現(xiàn)在值得與約翰談一談。Heisn’tworthgettingangrywith.犯不上跟他生氣。注意：動詞的-ing形式之后的介詞不可省去。worth后面的動詞-ing形式一般用主動形式表示被動意義，而不能直接用被動形式。試比較：正：Thefilmisn’tworthseeing.誤：Thefilmisn’tworthbeingseen.這部電影不值得看。(2)“It（形式主語）+be+worth+動詞的-ing形式+……”例如：Itisn’tworthrepairingthebike.這輛自行車不值得修理了。Isitworthvisitingthecity?這個城市值得參觀嗎？一般來說，worth前面可用well,really,verymuch,hardly,easily等詞語修飾，但一般不用very修飾。例如：Thisisreallyworthdoing.這確實(shí)值得一做。Hehassomethingverymuchworthsaying.他有些話很值得講。3.stop停止(1)stopdoingsth.停止做某事。例如：Westoppedtalkingwhenourteachercamein.老師走進(jìn)教室的時候，我們停止了說話。(2)stoptodosth.停下來去做某事。例如：Myfatheralwaysstoptobuyanewspaperonhiswayhome.爸爸總是在下班回家的路上停下去買一份報(bào)紙。(3)stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。例如：Youshouldstopyoursonmakingtrouble.你應(yīng)該阻止你兒子惹麻煩。4.preventsb.fromdoingsth.防止某人做某事，from后加動名詞，例如：Weshouldpreventchildrenfromapproachingthefire.我們應(yīng)該阻止孩子接近火?！居梅ㄏ嗨圃~組】keepsb/sth.fromdoingsth.阻礙/阻止某人做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事5.by+年份，意為“到那一年”，例如：55%oftheforestcouldbegoneby2030.到2030年，55%的森林將會消失?！綽y的用法拓展】(1)表示位置，意思是“在……旁邊”，“靠近……”，有時可與beside互換。例如：Thegirlsareplayingby(beside)thelake.

女孩們正在湖邊玩。此時要注意它與介詞near有所不同，即by表示的距離更“近”。試比較：Helivesbythesea.他住在海濱。Helivesnearthesea.他住在離海不遠(yuǎn)處。(2)表示交通方式，意為“乘坐”，后接表示交通工具的名詞（如bus,bike,train,plane,car,taxi,ship等）或與交通工具密切相關(guān)的名詞（如air,water,land,road等），在句中主要用作方式狀語，其中通常不用冠詞或其他限定詞。Jimoftengoestoworkbybike.吉姆常騎自行車上班。但是，若表示交通工具的名詞前插有定語修飾語，則也可以用冠詞。例如：We’regoingbythe9:30train.我們坐9:30的火車去。WewenttoShanghaibyalargeship.我們乘一艘大船去上海。注意：語說“步行”，英語習(xí)慣上用onfoot,而不用byfoot。(3)表示時間，意思是“在……以前；不遲于……”。例如：Mymotherwillcomebackby6:00.我媽媽將在六點(diǎn)前回來。(4)表示動詞執(zhí)行者，意思是“被；由”，主要用于被動語態(tài)，此時要注意它與介詞with的區(qū)別：by表示動作的主體，with表示動作者的手段工具。例如：Thehousewasdestroyedbyfire.此屋被大火燒毀。（fire是動作的主體，此句的主動形式為Firedestroyedthehouse.）Thehousewasdestroyedwithfire.此屋是（被人）用火燒毀的。（fire只是工具，動作的主體另有其人，此句可認(rèn)為省略了一個by短語，如bysomeone之類的，其主動形式可以是Someonedestroyedthehousewithfire.）(5)by+v.-ing意思是“通過……，以……的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通過某種方式”，即表示行為的方式或手段。IpracticespeakingEnglishbyjoininganEnglish-languageclub.

我通過加入一個英語語言俱樂部來練習(xí)講英語。

介詞by+v.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)常用來回答Howdoyou...?或HowcanI...?之類的問題。---HowdoyoulearnEnglish?你怎樣學(xué)習(xí)英語呢？

---IlearnEnglishbyreadingaloud.我通過大聲朗讀來學(xué)英語。6.becarefultodosth.意為“小心地做某事”。例如：Hewascarefultoanswerthequestionaskedbythereporters.他小心翼翼地回答了記者提出的問題。becarefulabout小心，當(dāng)心，例如：Weneedtobecarefulabouthowweuseantibiotics.我們需要小心使用抗生素?！局R拓展】carev/n關(guān)心，在意。careabout關(guān)心takecareof照顧carefuladj.小心的，仔細(xì)的；carelessadj.粗心的carefulnessn.細(xì)心carelessnessn.粗心7.tostartwith意為“首先，第一，起初”，例如：Tostartwith,wehaven’tenoughmoney,andsecondlywehaven’tenoughtime.首先，我們沒有足夠的資金；其次，我們沒有足夠的時間。startwith意為“以…開始；從…著手”，后跟名詞或名詞短語。endwith意為“以…結(jié)束”。例如：Ourclassstartswithainterestinggame.我們的課從一個有趣的游戲開始。Theexperimentendedwithsuccess.這個實(shí)驗(yàn)成功了。8.turn短語小結(jié)turnon打開turnoff關(guān)閉turnup調(diào)大，出現(xiàn)turndown調(diào)小，拒絕turnin交上，歸還turninto變成turnouttobe證明是，結(jié)果是turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交給taketurns輪流，依次it’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事9.后加doing和todo意思不同的動詞。(1)rememberdoing記得曾做過remembertodo記得去做(2)forgetdoing忘記曾做過forgettodo忘記去做(3)regretdoing后悔做regrettodo遺憾做(4)trydoing嘗試做trytodo努力做(5)goondoing繼續(xù)做同一件事goontodo繼續(xù)做另一件事以“remember”為例，例如：Irememberlockingthedoor.我記得鎖過門了。（門已經(jīng)鎖過了）Ineedtoremembertolockthedoor.我需要記住去鎖門。（門還沒鎖）10.常用的提建議句型(1)Whynotdosth.?為什么不…？(2)Whataboutdoingsth.?…怎么樣？(3)hadbetterdosth.最好做某事(4)IfIwereyou,Iwould…如果我是你的話，我就…(5)shoulddosth.應(yīng)該做某事1.Theboyissleeping.Please__________theradio.A.turnon B.turnoff C.turnup D.turnin2.Youlooktired.You’dbetter___________agoodrest.A.stoptohave B.stophaving C.tostoptohaveD.tostophaving3.Thenewly-openedmuseumiscertainlyworth_________.A.tovisit B.visiting C.tobevisitedD.visited4.IstudyEnglish_______speakingiteveryday.A.inB.with C.from D.by5.Tomsaidhewouldcome.Hedidn’tcome_________.A.howeverB.yet C.thoughD.although6.Therainpreventedusfrom_________football.A.playB.played C.toplay D.playing7.Hewasverycareful_____________hisparentsangry.A.tomake B.nottomake C.making D.made8._________shehadgreatpressure,butshecanrelaxabitnowA.StartingwithB.StartwithC.TostartD.Tostartwith解析：turn短語辨析。根據(jù)上文，“小男孩正在睡覺”，可得知應(yīng)該為“關(guān)閉收音機(jī)或者把收音機(jī)聲音調(diào)小”四個選項(xiàng)意思分別為：turnon打開；turnoff關(guān)閉；turnup調(diào)大；turnin交上。故選B。上文意思為“你看起來很累，”hadbetter后加動詞原形，根據(jù)上文，你看起來很累，最好停下來好好休息一下。stoptodosth.表示“停下來去做某事”。故答案為A。3.固定用法“beworthdoing”值得做某事，題意為“新開的博物館確實(shí)值得參觀”。故選B。4.題意為“我通過每天說英語來學(xué)習(xí)英語?！眀y+doing表示通過某種方式，故選D。5.題意為“Tom說他要來，但是沒有來”。though作副詞，表示但是，放于句末。however表示“但是”，放于句首或句中。though作連詞可以和although互換，although不能作副詞。故選C。6.固定用法“preventsb.fromdoingsth.”阻止某人做某事。題意為“這場雨阻止了我們踢足球?！惫蔬xD。7.becarefultodosth.小心做某事，題意為“他非常小心使得他父母不生氣”，所以becareful后用動詞不定式的否定，故選B。8.固定用法，tostartwith首先，開始。題意為“開始時她有很大壓力，但是現(xiàn)在能放松點(diǎn)了”故選D。答案：1-5BABDC6-8DBD基礎(chǔ)演練一、短語互譯拼車_______________2.拯救地球_______________3.保護(hù)環(huán)境________________減少_______________5.引起問題_______________6.弄清楚__________________抓住_______________8.解決問題_______________9.致力于__________________taketurns__________11.allthewayto_____________12.takeaction____________________13.有很大的影響________________14.節(jié)約用水___________________15.起大作用___________________二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空TheAmazonrainforestisthe_______(large)rainforestintheworld.TheWWFishelpingtostopsomeareasfrom________(be)cutdown.Adamhasbeen________(build)totrytorestorehigherwaterlevels.Theprojectfacesmany__________(challenge).5.HowcantheGreenWallProjecthelp_______(save)thegrassland?鞏固提高根據(jù)中文提示完成句子我們應(yīng)該改變我們的生活來幫助拯救我們的家園。Weshouldchangeourlivesto______________ourworld.另外，我們盡量少開車來減少大氣污染。_____________,we_____________________ourcarlesstocutdownonairpollution.總是買新東西替換我們?nèi)拥舻呐f東西會花費(fèi)很多錢。It____________________________________________________newthingstoreplacethethingswethrowaway.保護(hù)樹木是很重要的。_____________________________trees.植樹對環(huán)境有利。Plantingtrees_______________________environment.植樹能防止氣候變暖。Plantingtreescan_______theclimate______________warmer.讓我們大家共同努力，把我們的家園變得更美好。______________togetherto______ourplanetbettertoliveon.森林對全世界的人都很重要。Forest________________________people______________theworld.我每天堅(jiān)持跑步，所以身體很好。I____________everyday,soIamgoodinhealth.為了使北京的空氣更潔凈，我們要盡量多乘坐公交車。Weshould_______________________________________inBeijing.答案基礎(chǔ)演練一、短語互譯carpool2.savetheplanet3.protecttheenvironmentcutdown5.causeproblems6.findoutgetholdof8.solvetheproblem9.workat輪流11.一直…12.采取行動haveadeepimpacton14.savewater15.makeabigdifference二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空largest2.being3.built4.challenges5.tosave鞏固提高h(yuǎn)elpsaveWhat’smore,trytouse/drivetakes/costsalotofmoneytokeepbuyingIt’simportanttoprotectisgoodforprevent/stop;fromgettingLet’swork;makeisimportantfor;alloverkeeprunningtakemorebusesinordertomaketheaircleaner一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Ithinkwe_______puttherubbishintherightplacesforrecycling.A.may B.shouldC.needD.will2.---Whydoyoudriveyourcarlessorsometimesorganizecarpools?---Ijustwanttohelp______airpollution.A.causeB.increaseC.reduceD.make3.Inordertosavetheplanetwewanttodo_______tosaveelectricity.A.something B.nothing C.anythingD.everything4.Zou’sfarm_______by8milliontreeswhichhavebeenplantedbyherself.A.coverB.covers C.iscoveredD.wascovered---Doyouknowwhoarethepeoplebehindthehugenumberoftrees?---Idon’tknow.Let’s________whoaretheheroes.A.findoutB.workout C.lookforD.gothrough6.Therewillbelesspollution_______morepeopleusepublictransportation.A.but B.unlessC.thoughD.if7.---Lily,howdoyouusuallycometoschooleveryday?---Usually_______bike.A.by B.on C.withD.from8.I______300dollarsforthebike.A.tookB.spent C.cost D.paid9.Basketissoexcitingthat________peopleplayitforfun.A.million B.twomillions C.millionof D.millionsof10.---It’severyone’sdutytojointheCleanYourPlateCampaign(光盤行動).---Sure,weshouldtryto________allthefoodthatwehaveordered.A.getup B.showupC.eatup D.turnup完形填空I’msuremanygreatpeoplethinkabouthowtheycanmakeadifferenceintheworld.1,sometimeslittlethingscanmakeareallybigdifference.Ilearnedthis2onedayfiveyearsagowithmyfather,whenIwasjustactinglikemyself—anine-year-oldkid.Papacamehomelatefromworkafter9p.m.,andhe3evenmoretiredthanusual.Hiseyeswerealreadyhalf-closed.Ifollowedhimtohisbedroom.Papa4upthestairs,slowlyliftinghisfeetoneaftertheother.Iwas5thatIwouldhavetostartpushinghim.Fortunately,he6ittothebedroomonhisown.Papasatdownonthebedandstartedremovinghisshoesandsocks.“Howwaswork?”Iaskedcheerfully.“Oh,itwasOK,”hereplied,“It’sjustthatI’mtired.”“Oh,um…youwantmetoleave?”Papagavemeatired7thatmadememorecomfortable.Itmademefeellikehewasn’tgoingtoscoldme,asheoftendidwhenImadesome8.“No,”hesaidkindly,“ofcourseIdon’twantyoutoleave.”Iopenedmymouthandstarted9outtheDisneymovieLilo＆Stitch.PapaalwaysloveditwhenIdidthat,andhe10laughingloudly.IwashappythatIhadmademyfatherlaughsomuch.“Didyoulikeit?”Iasked.“OfcourseIdid,”hesaid.“Didyouknowthat11youmakemelaugh,youmakemefeelalotbetter?”Iwas12thatIcouldreallydoathinglikethat.1.A.But B.SoC.Although D.Infact2.A. classB.lesson C.subjectD.course3.A.feltB.keptC.looked D.turned4.A. ran B.wentC.stepped D.rushed5.A. afraid B.sureC.sorry D.happy6.A.made B.did C.took D.got7.A.shout B.cryC.smile D.laugh8.A.faces B.progress C.mistakeD.trouble9.A.trying B.actingC.sending D.putting10.A.continuedB.started C.finished D.enjoyed11.A.wheneverB.however C.nomatter D.whether12.A.puzzledB.worried C.wonderingD.surprised答案 單項(xiàng)選擇1-5BCACA6-10DADDC完形填空1-5DBCCA6-10ACDBB11-12AD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Recyclingisgood,sodon’t_____________bottlesornewspaper.A.findout B.handin C.useup D.throwaway2.Iwastiredout,soIstoppedthecar_____________ashortrest.A.haveB.having C.tohaveD.had3.Therewasastrongwindlastnightandtheclouds_______________.A.wereblownaway B.willbeblownaway C.blewaway D.blowaway4.Theworld’spopulationisgrowing_________andthereis________landandwaterforgrowingrice.A.more;lessB.larger;fewer C.larger;less D.more;fewer5.---Couldyou________thecomputerforme,dear?Iwanttocheckmyemails.---Certainly,I’lldoitrightaway.A.turnonB.turndownC.turnoffD.turnup6.WecelebrateourNationalDay_______1stOctobereveryyear.A.inB.atC.onD.for7.HespeaksEnglishas_______asTom.A.wellB.betterC.goodD.thebest8.Theheavysnowkeptthem__________thevillage.A.leavingB.toleaveC.fromleavingD.leave9.Thecake_________bymymothermomentago.Wouldyoupleasetohavesome?A.makesB.madeC.ismadeD.wasmade10.DavidandTomaregoodfriends.They________eachotherfortenyears.A.knewB.knowC.haveknownD.hadknown(附：6-10，2015年順義區(qū)牛欄山一中實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校初三年級第一學(xué)期期中考試英語試題)二、翻譯(根據(jù)中文提示完成句子)11.我花了三年的時間終于使自己的夢想成真。It_____________________________atlast.12.告訴他，別阻止我嘗試新的設(shè)想。__________________________________tryingoutnewideas.13.為什么不和你的父母談?wù)?？Why___________________________yourparents?在有些地方，水的價格比牛奶還要高。Thepriceofwateris______________________________insomeplaces.15.我們應(yīng)該盡力不讓動物受到任何傷害。Weshould____________________________anyharm.三、翻譯下列句子16.Whydon’tyoujoinasportsclub?_______________________________________________________________________17.HespendsmuchtimewatchingTVeveryday._______________________________________________________________________18.我們把舊衣服和家具捐給慈善組織。_______________________________________________________________________19.我們?yōu)楣糯鷤ゴ蟮乃枷爰业闹腔鄱院?。_______________________________________________________________________20.我們應(yīng)該盡力去阻止氣候變暖。_______________________________________________________________________四、完形填空J(rèn)ohnandMaryhadanicehomeandtwolovelychildren,aboyandagirl.OnceJohnwasaskedtogoonabusinesstripandMaryneededtogoalongtoo.Theyfoundababysittertocareforthe21andmadethetrip,returninghomealittleearlierthantheyhadplanned.Astheydroveintotheirhometown,they22smoke,andtheywenttoseewhatitwas.Theyfoundahomeonfire.Marysaid,“Oh,well,itisn’tourhome.Let’sgo.”ButJohndrove23andsaid,“ThehomebelongstoFredJoneswhoworksatthefactory.Hewouldn’tbeoffworkyet,maybethere’ssomethingwewoulddo.”“Ithassomethingtodowithus,”saidMary.ButJohndroveup,stoppedandfoundthewholehouseonfire.Awomaninthestreetwascrying,“Thechildren!24thechildren!”Johngrabbed（抓）herbytheshouldersaying,“Getaholdofyourselfandtelluswherethechildrenare!”“Inthe25,”criedthewoman,“downthehallandtotheleft.”AlthoughMarydidn’tagree,Johnwethisclothesand26forthebathroomwhichwasfullofsmokeandheat.Hefoundthedoorandgrabbedtwochildren,holdingoneundereacharm.Ashelefthecouldhearsomeothersoundlikecrying.Hesentthetwobadly27andnearlysuffocated（窒息）childrenintowaitingarms.Thenhewastoldtwomorechildrenwerestillinthere.Marygrabbedhisarmandshouted,“John!Don’tgoback!Thathousewillfalldowninanysecond!”Butheshookheroffandwentbackby28hiswaydownthesmoke-filledhallwayandintotheroom.Itseemedacenturyhadpassed29hefoundbothchildrenandstartedback.Theywerecoughingandheloweredhisbodytryingtogetsome30.Ashewalkeduptheendlesssteps,thethoughtwentthroughhismindthattherewassomethingstrangelyfamiliaraboutthelittlebodies,andatlastwhentheycameoutintothesunlightandfreshair,hefoundthathehadjustsavedhisownchildren.Thebabysitterhadleftthematthishomewhileshedidsomeshopping.21.A.children B.pet C.garden D.business22.A.watched B.recognizedC.noticed D.realized23.A.fartherB.off C.back D.closer24.A.FindB.Get C.Move D.Hold25.A.bathroom B.kitchen C.bedroom D.livingroom26.A.looked B.cared C.headed D.reached27.A.frightened B.surprised C.sad D.sick28.A.following B.going C.pushing D.feeling29.A.after B.before C.when D.until30.A.water B.energy C.air D.light五、閱讀理解AGoodevening,thankyouallforcomingheretolearnaboutourschool’srecyclingprogram.Therecyclingisplannedasathree-partprogram:searching,collectingandcarrying.Thefirstpart,searching,isthehardestone.Mostpeopledon’tliketotakethetimetoseparaterubbishandthisiswhymostrecyclingprogramsusuallyfail.However,webelievethatourprogramwillwork.Fromnowon,insteadofseeingtheusualblackrubbishcansallovertheschool,youwillseethreedifferentcoloredrubbishcans.Pinkcansareforpaper,bluecansareforbottles,andwhitecansareforalltheotherwaste.Justremember:pink—paper,blue—bottles,white—waste.Aftertherubbishiscollected,itneedstobesortedandthentakentotherecyclingcenter.Sincethisrecyclingprogramisstillavolunteerprogram,weaskfornomorethan5hoursperpersonineachweek.Yourjobwillbetocollectallsortsofrubbishandtakeittodifferentcenters.Ifyouwouldliketohelp,pleaseleavemeyournameandtelephonenumberandwe’llmeethereonthe15thSeptemberrightafterschool.Hopetoseeyouthen!31.Whichpartisthemostdifficultoneintheprogram?A.Searching B.CollectingC.Carrying D.Recycling32.Whatcolorcansareforalltheotherwaste?A.PinkB.BlueC.WhiteD.Black33.Whatyouhearmightbe_______.A.anadvertisement B.astoryC.apieceofnews D.anintroductionBPassengerships,tradeships,andfishingboatsareanormalpartoflifeontheopensea.However,alltheiractivitycreatesagreatdealofnoiseunderwater.ScientistsfromtheUnitedStatesandCanadarecentlyreportedtheirobservations(觀察)thattheoceanisgettingnoisier.ScientistsattheUniversityofVictoriahavestudiedtherecordingsrecordedwithequipmentplacedunderwaternearthebusyshippinglanesoffVancouverIslandinCanada.Theysayengine（發(fā)動機(jī)）noiseiscontinuousduringtheday,andalittlelessstrongatnight.Scientistssayitislikelythatwhalesmustcalloutmoreloudlytobeheardoverthisnoise.Thenoisecouldmakeitmoredifficultfororcawhalestofindfood.Theorcasfindfishbyproducingclickingsoundsandothernoises.Loudenginenoisecouldbeinterferingwiththeirefforts.MichaelJasnyisapolicyexpertfortheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil.Hesaystheriseofunderwaternoiseislimitingtheabilityofwhalestocommunicate.Shippingnoisefallsacrossthesamefrequencies(頻率)thattheseanimalsuseforalltheirvital（生死攸關(guān)的）behaviors-forfeeding,forfindingmates,foravoidingpredators(捕食者)andforgoingahead.Mr.Jasnysayssoundtravelsveryeffectivelyunderwater.Anditisnotjustwhalesheisworriedabout.“Thewholeweboflifeintheoceansdepends