人教版高中英語選修七第2講：Living-well-語法篇(學生版)

第2講Livingwell語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握動詞不定式的形勢與用法；能夠熟練運用動詞不定式各種形式。一.動詞不定式的形式一般式完成式進行式不定式主動todotohavedonetobedoing被動tobedonetohavebeendonee.g.Heappearstobeveryhappy.Tocatchthetrain,we’dbetterhurrytothestationbytaxi.Ithappenedtoberainingwhenwegotthere.I’msorrytohavelostyourkey.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroad.Thesebooksaretobegivenouttothestudents.Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.二.動詞不定式的用法作主語e.g.Toknowoneselfisdifficult.在很多情況下，我們通常用it作形式主語：e.g.Itisimpossibletolearnaforeignlanguagewithoutmakingpainstakingefforts.作表語e.g.Hiswishistobecomeanastronaut.作賓語e.g.Fatherlikestolistentomusicinsilence.Hehadnochoicebuttositthereasusual.Johnwashappytobegiventhejob.Sheishardtogetalongwith.在feel,find,think,consider,make等動詞后，如果賓語帶有賓語補足語時，常用it作形式賓語e.g.Ifounditimpossibletoworkouttheproblemwithoutacomputer.可接不定時作賓語的動詞有：aimappearagreearrangeask

decidebothercarechoosecome

daredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavor

hope

failhappenhelphesitatelearnmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwait

wishrefuseattemptcontinue作賓語補足語e.g.Iheardthemsingyesterday.Sheaskedmetoanswerthephoneinherabsence.注意：hope,demand,suggest后不能接不定式作賓語補足語。作定語e.g.ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.OnSundays,healwayshasalotofletterstowrite.作狀語e.g.I’msavinguptobuyacomputer.Hegottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.不定式表示結果常見于下列句型。1)so...astodoWouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbicycle把你的自行車借給我好嗎？2)such...astodoWearenotsuchfoolsastobelievehim.我們還沒蠢到竟會相信他。3)enough…todoHedidn'trunfastenoughtocatchthetrain.他跑得不夠快,沒趕上火車。4)onlytodoHeliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.他搬起石頭砸自己的腳。5)too...todoHiseyesightistoopoortoreadsuchsmallletters.她的視力太差了，不能看這么小的字。注意:too...to...結構中的形容詞如果是eager,pleased,happy,ready等，動詞不定式不表示結果，也沒有否定的意思。Theboywastooeagertogetageographybook.那個男孩非常急切地想要得到一本地理書。Heistooanxioustoknowtheexaminationresults.他很急切地想知道考試結果。三.不定式的幾種常見結構不定式的復合結構e.g.Thisboxistooheavyforthelittleboytocarry.疑問詞+不定式結構e.g.Idon’tknowwhethertogotothemeetingornot.with/without+名詞+不定式結構e.g.Withsomuchworktodo,I’mnotabletogotothecinema.用作獨立成分的不定式e.g.Tobefrank,Idon’tagreewithwhatyousaid.可做插入語的還有：totellyouthetruth說老實話 tobefrank坦率地說tobeginwith首先 tobebrief簡言之tomakealongstoryshort長話短說 tobeexact精確地說tosaynothingof姑且不說 toconclude總而言之tobesure誠然，固然 todohimjustice說句對他公道的話sotospeak可以這么說用主動形式表示被動含義e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthisquestion?Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.高中階段常見帶介詞的to短語歸納：be/get/becomeusedto習慣于begivento沉溺于berelatedto與…有關系beaddictedto沉溺于；對…上癮beopposedto反對devoteoneselfto獻身于；專心于getdownto著手做leadto導致objectto反對；不喜歡；不贊成putone’smindto全神貫注于giveriseto引起lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意stickto堅持makecontributionsto對…作貢獻（2014湖南卷）ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions，weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.

Havingfreed B.Freed C.Tofree

D.Freeing（2014江西）Heisthought___foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.A.toact B.

tohaveacted C.

acting

D.havingacted3.（2014陜西卷）20.________thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.A.Workingout

B.Workedout C.Toworkout

D.Workout4.（2014四川卷）7.—Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.—Goodidea.____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.A.Tofindout

B.Findingout

C.Tobefindingout

D.Havingfoundout5.（2014天津卷）5.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only_________itdidn’tfitA.tofind

B.found C.finding

D.havingfound基礎演練1.It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone______asecurityofficer.

A.Employed B.beingemployed C.toemploy D.employs

2.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.A.

buy B.tobuy C.buying D.tohavebought3.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.

A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told

4.Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass_____

childrendevelopteamspirit.A.helping B.havinghelped C.helped D.tohelp5.Thechildrenallturned______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedat B.tolookat C.tolookingat D.lookat鞏固提高1.Istoppedthecar________ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.A.take B.taking C.totake D.taken2.________warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.A.Staying B.Stayed C.Tostay D.Stay3.Volunteeringgivesyouachance________lives,includingyourown.A.Change B.Changing C.Changed D.tochange4.Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompleted B.tobecompleted C.completed D.havingbeencompleted5.Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems________wrongwithit.A.togo B.tohavegone C.going D.havinggone6.Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschooltothenewstudents.A.speaking B.havingspoken C.tospeak D.tohavespoken7.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____toachievethefinalsuccess.A.beingdone B.do C.tobedone D.todo8.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemade B.beingmade C.made D.havingbeenmade9.Thismachineisveryeasy.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.A.operating B.tobeoperating C.operated D.tooperate10.Tomtookataxitotheairport,only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.A.Finding B.tofind C.beingfound D.tohavefound1.It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdated B.tohavebeenupdated C.toupdate D.tohaveupdated2.Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebut______anevengreaterchallenge.A.meets B.meeting C.meet D.tomeet3.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatch B.watching C.watched D.tohavewatched4.Birds’singingissometimesawarningtootherbirds________away.A.tostay B.staying C.stayed D.stay5.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told6.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbettersilent.A.remain B.beremaining C.havingremained D.toremain7.IrememberedthedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.A.Locking B.tolock C.havinglocked D.tohavelocked8.Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarry B.carrying C.tobecarried D.beingcarried9.HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestarsasacarpenterbefore.A.towork B.tobeworking C.tohaveworked D.tohavebeenworking10.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.A.held B.holding C.beheld D.tohold11.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasierintosmallpieces.break B.breaking C.broken D.tobreak12.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecitybytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheered B.becheered C.tobecheered D.werecheered13.Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.keep B.kept C.keeping D.tokeep14.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.toraise B.raising C.tohaveraised D.havingraised15.Theabilityanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressing B.expressed C.toexpress D.tobeexpressed__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.單項選擇1.________onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgavehimasenseofpeace.A.Whilewalking B.Walking C.Hewaswalking D.Whenhewaswalking2.________withLeiFeng,westillhavealongwaytogo.A.Comparing B.Compared C.TocompareD.Beingcompared3.—CanIhavethedocumentrightnow?—Ofcourse.WaitaminuteandI'llhavemysecretary________itforyou.A.toprint B.printing C.printed D.print4.Ireallylikethissongasitisoftenheard________everywhereinChina.A.singing B.sung C.havingsung D.tosing5.Thedoor________tomorrowwillgetdrythedayaftertomorrow.A.Painted B.tobepainted C.beingpainted D.topaint6.________thatthegovernmentcanleadthemoutofthefinancialcrisis,peopleareoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecountry.A.Convincing B.Convinced C.Toconvince D.Havingconvinced7.Hecoulddonothingbut________whathehadsaid.A.totakeback B.tobetakenback C.takingback D.takeback8.IflewtoParisthismorning,myassistant________metherethisFriday.A.Joining B.tojoin C.willjoin D.wantstojoin9.________Australia'srelativelysmallpopulation,itsoutstandingperformanceintheOlympicGameswasreally________.A.Supposing;amazing B.Comparing;amazedC.Considering;amazing D.Given;amazed10.Icameintotheclassroom,________myseatandsatdowntoread.A.finding B.tofind C.found D.tobefound二.閱讀理解Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Sometimesasingleunimportanteventmaycauseanumberofthingstohappen.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthiscausesyourtroublestobegin.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetableclothoffthetable,destroyingyourhalf-preparedmeal.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtoyourbaby.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthisisnotenoughtobringyoutotears,yourhusbandarriveshome,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.Thingscanalsogowrongontheroad.Duringrushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandthedriversbegantoargue.Thewomandriverbehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shegotintoapanicandstoppedhercar.Thisforcedthedriverfollowinghertostopsuddenly.Thisdriver’swifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake,andasshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindowandlandedontheroad.Atruckdriverseeingacakeflyingthroughtheairslammedonthebrakes.Thetruckwascarryingemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthetruckontotheroad,causingaterribletrafficjam.Ittookthepoliceanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeantime,thetruckdriverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwodogswereenjoyingthemselves,fortheywerehappilyhavingwhatwasleftofthecake.1.Ifyouwanttoanswerthephonewithoutanytrouble,you'dbetter___________.A.pulloutthetelephonelinewhenyouarewithyourbabyB.putyourbabyonthebedandkeepaneyeonhim/herC.nothurrytoanswerthephoneD.makesureyourbabyisnotnearthetable2.Whoisresponsiblefortheaccidentsthathappenedontheroad?A.Thetwodriverswhowerearguing. B.Itwasn'tmentionedinthepassage.C.Thewomandriver. D.Thetruckdriver.3.Fromthisstorywelearnthat________.A.therearemanyroadaccidentseverydayB.theaccidentsmentionedinthepassageareverystrangeC.nooneknowswhythiskindofaccidenthappens