中考閱讀-猜測詞義題

中考閱讀理解

—得閱讀者得中考

優(yōu)勝教育：武玉萍中考閱讀理解題主要考查：1.事實細節(jié)題2.猜測詞義題3.推理判斷題4.主旨大意題猜測詞義題設(shè)題方式Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”means____.Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”inthepassagerefersto____.Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”canbereplacedby_____.猜測詞義題解題思路1.根據(jù)定義，解釋2.根據(jù)定語從句3.根據(jù)同義詞，近義詞、反義詞關(guān)系4.根據(jù)比照，因果關(guān)系5.根據(jù)列舉的例子6.根據(jù)重述表達1.根據(jù)定義，解釋Ex1：

Ventilation,asyouknow,isasystemormeansofprovidingfreshair.Itplaysaveryimportantpartinthefieldofengineering.

解析：“ventilation”這個詞的意思是“通風系統(tǒng)/通風手段”。

2.根據(jù)定語從句Ex2：

Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.

解析：“prestidigitator”一詞的詞義就應(yīng)是變戲法者。

3

利用同義詞、近義詞的線索

表示同義關(guān)系的：and,like,justas…表示反義關(guān)系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。Ex3：

Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.

解析：“supersede”即“取代，接替”。

4.根據(jù)反義詞和比照關(guān)系

表示反義關(guān)系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。Ex4：

Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.

解析：“inastateofturmoil”,就是一片混亂。5.利用因果關(guān)系的線索表示因果關(guān)系的：because,as,since,for,so,asaresult…Ex5：

SinceIcouldnotaffordtobuytheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.

解析：“replica”是一張“復(fù)制品”。

6.根據(jù)列舉的例子Ex6：Definedmostwidely,folkloreincludesallthecustoms,beliefandtraditionthatpeoplehavehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.解析：“folklore”的內(nèi)容范圍，即人們一代傳一代的那些風俗、習慣、信仰和傳統(tǒng)的東西。這些東西都屬于通常所說的“民俗傳統(tǒng)”,這也就是“folklore”一詞的根本含義。

7.利用重述表達的線索Ex7：Beforethemainbusinessofaconferencebeginsthechairmanusuallymakesashortpreliminary(i.e.introductory)speech,ormakeafewpreliminaryremarks.Inotherwords,hesaysafewthingsbywayofintroduction.解析：inotherwords”后面的局部是對“preliminaryspeech”的重述，由此可以推斷出“preliminaryspeech”的意思是“開場白”。

8.根據(jù)上下文猜測

Exercise：Guessthemeaning1.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.2.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings.Hiswife,however,isverythrifty.3.Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.4.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:“theWorldofEnglish”,“ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools”,or“EnglishLearning”.

Exercise5Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever6Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest7Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborsallcallheraneccentriclady.A.愛貓的B.古怪的C.閑不住的D.動物保護主義者8Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.溫飽C.赤貧D.虛弱9Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活潑的B.好動的C.多嘴多舌的D.可愛的

Exercise5Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever6Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest7Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborsallcallheraneccentriclady.A.愛貓的B.古怪的C.閑不住的D.動物保護主義者8Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.溫飽C.赤貧D.虛弱9Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活潑的B.好動的C.多嘴多舌的D.可愛的

中學(xué)英語中常見的前綴和后綴有：super-(超)supermanmini-(極小的,微小的)micro-〔極微小的〕microscopere-〔再，反復(fù)〕mis-〔誤，惡〕mistakeim-〔不〕un-〔不，非〕unhappyin-〔不，非〕non-〔不，非〕nondescript-able〔能…的〕-less〔不，無〕useless--er,-or-ist(人〕dis-(不〕dislike-ness(名詞〕-wards(向)afterwards-ful,-tive(形容詞〕-ern(方向〕southerninner-〔內(nèi)部的，里面的〕innertube

Exercise：

1.Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasso

faint根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞猜詞2.Tomisveryrude,buthisbrotherisquiteelegant.根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞猜詞3.Whydoesjogging

--runningslowly–becomesopopular.根據(jù)定義、釋義、舉例或復(fù)述猜詞4Kangaroomothershavepouchestocarrytheirbabies.根據(jù)常識5.It‘sreallycoldoutside,andmyhandsarebothnumb.根據(jù)生活經(jīng)驗，常識exercise1.Alotoftheworld’snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries.A.環(huán)境B.資源C.汽油2.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼鏡3.Mymomwasalittleheavy.AndIwasalmostasplumpasmymom.A.飽滿的B.苗條的C.強壯的4.Childrenhaveschoolbagswithtwostrapstocarrythem.A.口袋B.肩帶C.紐扣5.Wealthymeanshavinglotsofmoney.6.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.7.Mymother-in-law,myhusband’smother,wasateacher8.YoumuststopdreamingandfacerealityExercise

Passage1

TensofthousandsofbabypenguinsfacestarvationaftertwogianticebergsbrokeofftheAntarcticicesheetandblockedtheirparents’roadtothefeedingareas.AdelineandemperorpenguinsnestingontheRossislandrookeriesarenowforcedtowalklongdistancesovertheicebergstoobtainfoodfortheirchicks,bornduringtheNovember-Decemberbreedingseason.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obtain”probablymean?A.eatB.getC.sellD.buyExercise

Passage2

Aman’spositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyare