2024年高考英語(yǔ)試卷（浙江）（1月）（解析卷）

2024年1月普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試

英語(yǔ)

注意事項(xiàng):

1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本

試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）

做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemando?

A.Acomputertechnician.B.Ahotelreceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.

2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atthegrocer's.B.Atthetailor's.C.Atthecleaner's.

3.HowdidthespeakerscometoSeattle?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.

4.Whatwillthespeakershavefordinnertoday?

A.Friedrice.B.Noodles.C.Steak.

5.HowisSophiefeelingnow?

A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Tired.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每

小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodobeforenoon?

A.Postaletter.B.Makeacard.C.Writeanemail.

7.Whosebirthdayisit?

A.Richard's.B.Sarah's.C.Vera’s.

聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。

8.WhatcoursedoesProfessorBrooksteach?

A.PublicSpeaking.B.EuropeanHistory.C.EnglishLiterature.

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9.WhydoesVickycometotalkwithProfessorBrooks?

A.Tosignupforhiscourse.

B.Toaskforamake-uptest.

C.Todiscussherhomework.

聽第8段材料,回答第10至13題。

10.WhatdoesLindadoforplaysandshows?

A.Shegivesactorsadvice.

B.Sheassignsrolestoactors.

C.Shedesignsactors'clothes.

11.WhatdoesLindaneedtoresearch?

A.Thesettingofthestory.

B.Thedecorationofthestage.

C.Thenamesofthecharacters.

12.WhodoesLindareportherworkto?

A.Thedirector.B.Theeditor.C.Thephotographer.

13.WhatdoesLindasayaboutherjob?

A.Itpaysverywell.

B.Itrequiresteameffort.

C.Itinvolvesfrequenttravel.

聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題.

14.WhatdoesKevinthinkofabstractart?

A.Ithaslastingartisticvalue.

B.Itmakeslittlesensetohim.

C.Itappealsmainlytochildren.

15.Whatimpressiondidthefirstpaintinggivethewoman?

A.Hopefulness.B.Nervousness.C.Coldness.

16.Whatcolorwasusedforthebackgroundinthesecondpainting?

A.Green.B.Purple.C.Red.

17.WhatwillKevinprobablydothisSaturday?

A.Attendanartclass.

B.Visitanexhibition.

C.Buyanabstractpainting.

聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。

18.WhatcausedtheclosureofPittwaterRoad?

A.Afallentree.B.Afloodedriver.C.Acaraccident.

19.WhathappenedatTownHallStation?

A.Apoliceofficergothurt.

B.Apassengerwentmissing.

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C.Thestationroofwasbroken.

20.Whatareroadusersadvisedtodo?

A.Driveatlowspeed.B.Postponetheirtrips.C.Followtrafficsigns.

參考答案：

1-5:ACACB6-10:ACBBC11-15:AABBC16-20:ABCCB

錄音原文

Text1

M:ITDepartment.HowcanIassistyou?

W:Mycomputerisgivingmealotoftrouble.Couldyouhelpmewithit,please?

M:OK,Ijustneedtocheckonacoupleofthings.

Text2

W:Hi,I'dliketohavethisblousewashedandpressed.

M:OK,butI'mafraidyouwon'tbeabletocollectituntilnextFriday.We'vebeenverybusyrecently.

Text3

W:Whatajourney!Airtravelismoretiringthandriving,I'msure.

M:Idon'tthinkyousaythat,ifyou'vejustdriven400miles.Let'scometoSeattlebytrainnexttime.It'llbemore

relaxing.

Text4

M:CouldIhavefriedriceornoodlesfordinnerforachange?Idon'tfeellikesteaktoday.

W:I'minahurry.Ican'tcooktwodifferentmealstoday.Tomorrowyoucanhavewhatyouwant.

M:Alright.

Text5

M:Allwell,Sophie?

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W:Hmm.Notgreat.I'mjustsodownwithwritingthisreport.

M:Areyoualmostdonewithit?

W:Farfromit.AndI'llgetitrepresentedinclasstomorrow.

Text6

W:Richard,whyareyoutakingeverythingoutofyourdrawer?

M:I'mlookingforastamp,Sarah.

W:Astamp?Whatdoyouwantastampfor?

M:I'vewrittenalettertoAuntVera.AndIwanttoputitinthepostbeforemidday.

W:Canyoujustemailher?

M:Yeah.Butit'sher70thbirthday.Verawillbehappytogetarealletterwitharealbirthdaycard.

Text7

W:ProfessorBrooks,I'mVickyComoreinyourEuropeanHistoryclass.CanIspeakwithyouforafewminutes?

M:Sure.WhatcanIhelpyouwith?

W:Well,Iwassickfortwoweeks.SoIdidn'ttakethemidtermexam.Couldyougivemeanothertest?

M:Alright.YoucantakeitnextThursdayafternoon.

W:Thankyousomuch,ProfessorBrooks.CouldIcometoyouat3:30aftermyEnglishLiteratureclass?

M:Noproblem.

Text8

M:Linda,youworkonplaysandshowsbutyouarenotonstage.Whatdoyoudo?

W:I'macostumedesigner.Ihavetheactorsbecometheircharacters.

M:Isitakindoflikeplayingdresser?

W:Alittlebit.ButIneedtostudytheplaytocreatethecharacters'clothes,notjustusemyimagination.

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M:Howdoyoudothat?

W:Ireadtheplayanddoresearchaboutthetimeandplaceofthestory.Ifthestoryissetinthepast,Imightstudy

oldmagazinesorpaintings.Forplayssetinnow,Isometimescollectpicturesofpeopleonthestreet.

M:Thenwhatdoyoudo?

W:Itakemyideasandpicturestothedirectoroftheshow.WetalkaboutwhetherI'montherighttrack.Ifit’sgood,

wewillhireatailortomakethecostume.

M:Isitfinishedthen?

W:Almost.Westillneedtotryontheactortomakesureeverythingfitsandlooksgood.

M:Wow,ittakessomanystepstomakeacostume.

W:Yes,itdoes.Iworkwithlotsofdifferentpeopletoputitalltogether.

Text9

W:HiKevin.I'vejustgotbackfromtheArtGallery.There'sawonderfulshowofabstractart.Youshouldhavecome

withme.

M:Idon'tknow.Abstractartseemslikechildren'spaintingtome.

W:Well,ifyoudon'tunderstandwhattheartististryingtocommunicate,itcanseemalittlelikethat.

M:Whatdidyouseethen?

W:Thereweretwopaintingsthatimpressedmemost.ThefirstisahugeonewhichIsupposedthetreealthoughit

couldhavebeenanything.

M:Whatdidyoulikeaboutit?

W:Justthewaythetreelooked.Itwaslikethetreewasmadeofhardmetal,andthemixofwhiteandgraymade

everythinglooklikeitwaswinter,freezingwinter.

M:That'ssomething.Whatabouttheotherone?

W:Thesecondlookedlikeapieceofgrassland.Allthegrasswaspurpleandred,andtherewasgreenskyinthe

background.Ilookedatitandthoughtofsummer.

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M:Hmm,yourdescriptionreallyteachesmesomethingaboutappreciatingabstractart.MaybeIshouldgoandgive

thisshowatrythisSaturday.

W:Youreallyshould.

Text10

M:Youarewatchingthemorningnews.ThisisStevenJohnson.SydneyandtheNewSouthWalescoasthavebeen

hitbyheavyrains.Majorroads,theairport,trainsandbuseswereallthrownbehindthescheduleasmorethana

month'sworthofrainfellinjustonehourduringthemorningrush.Alltrafficintocityremainsveryheavy.Pittwater

Roadisclosedduetoacarcrash.ConsiderusingWicksRoadinstead.Apoliceofficerhasbeenhurtassistingdrivers

inNorthRyde.Awomanisbelievedtohavebrokenherlegafteratreefellonhercar.TheroofofTownHallStation

hasfallenin,causingdelaysforpassengers.Therainisexpectedtobeatitsheaviestfrom9:00amuntil11:00am.

Todayatotalofupto200millimetersrainisbeingforecast,alongwithdamagingwindsofmorethan90kilometers

perhourtofall.Allroadusersareadvisedtoreconsidertheneedtobeonroadsinsuchwildweather,andreschedule

theirdayandcontinueontheirjourneyaftertherainstops.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳答案。

A

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturnswiththisTall

Stacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”hasallthegoodstuff,includingthefencepainting,thegraveyard,theisland

andthecave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.That’sthelocalstagewritingteamthat

createsmanyoftheChildren’sTheatreofCincinnati’soriginalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsat

EnsembleTheatre.

ThisyearNathanTurnerofBurlingtonisTomSawyer,andRobbieMcMathofFortMitchellisHuckFinn.

Tumer,a10th-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliarpresenceonCincinnati’sstages.

HeisastaractorofChildren’sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”and“The

WizardofOz,”andisfreshfromJerseyProduction“Ragtime”.

McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSawyer”whenitwasfirstperformed

andisaChildren’sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.ThissummerheattendedKentucky’sGovernor’s

SchoolfortheArtsinMusicalTheatre.

Notetoteachers:Children’sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmathandsciencecanbetaught

through“TomSawyer.”Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteofChildren’sTheatre.

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1.Whowrotethemusicfor“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”?

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.

C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoactors?

A.Theystudyinthesameschool.B.Theyworkedtogetherin”Ragtime“.

C.Theyareexperiencedonstage.D.Theybecamefriendstenyearsago.

3.WhatdoesChildren’sTheatreprovideforteachers?

A.Researchfunding.B.Trainingopportunities.

C.Technicalsupport.D.Educationalresources.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹由馬克·吐溫的作品所改編的音樂劇《湯姆·索亞：河上歷險(xiǎn)

記》。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.(本劇由喬·麥克

多諾改編，大衛(wèi)·基索作曲。)”可知，本劇是由大衛(wèi)·基索作曲的。故選A項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Tumer,a10th-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliar

presenceonCincinnati’sstages.HeisastaractorofChildren’sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin“The

LegendofSleepyHollow”and“TheWizardofOz,”andisfreshfromJerseyProduction“Ragtime”.(Tumer是一

名創(chuàng)意與表演藝術(shù)學(xué)校的10年級(jí)學(xué)生，是辛辛那提舞臺(tái)上的常客。他是兒童劇院的明星演員，曾在《斷

頭谷的傳說(shuō)》和《綠野仙蹤》中擔(dān)任主角，也是新澤西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成員。)”可知，Tumer

是辛辛那提舞臺(tái)上的?？停瑑和瘎≡旱拿餍茄輪T，曾在《斷頭谷的傳說(shuō)》和《綠野仙蹤》中擔(dān)任主角；根

據(jù)第五段中的“McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSewyer”whenitwas

firstperformedandisaChildren’sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.(McMath是比奇伍德高中的三年

級(jí)學(xué)生。他是《湯姆·休厄》首演時(shí)的演員，也是兒童劇院的?？停莩隽宋鍒?chǎng)。)”可知，McMath也是

兒童劇院的?？停痪C合以上信息可知，這兩位演員在舞臺(tái)上經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Notetoteachers:Children’sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmath

andsciencecanbetaughtthrough“TomSawyer.”Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteof

Children’sTheatre.(給老師們的提示：兒童劇院有一份學(xué)習(xí)指南，展示了如何通過(guò)《湯姆·索亞》教授數(shù)學(xué)

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和科學(xué)。如欲下載課程，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問兒童劇院官方網(wǎng)站。)”可知，兒童劇院為教師提供了一份學(xué)習(xí)指南，展示

如何通過(guò)《湯姆·索亞》教授數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)，可通過(guò)兒童劇院的網(wǎng)站下載課程；由此可知，兒童劇院為教師

提供了教育資源。故選D項(xiàng)。

B

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall—nottoshelterfrom

therain.Agesagoright?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas…2006.Iwasconducting

,

auditions(試演)formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocome

andworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore”young

professional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.SuddenlyIwaslocked

outside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectory

Assistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady’smanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtime

togetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenarenolongeranypublic

telephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicommunitylibrary”:anypasser-by

can“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“l(fā)ibrary”opened,Ididn’tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumedthatitwouldbe

stuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesofvoluminousbooks

onvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouragedmetoexperimentwith

dozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI’vediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadlynolongerbeabletoconnectme

withmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformywifetorescueme.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

5.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.D.Toholdanaudition.

6.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

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7.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe“l(fā)ibrary”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。隨著手機(jī)的普及，電話亭漸漸地被人們遺忘，作者家附近的最后一個(gè)電話亭被

改造成了“迷你圖書館”，作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)那里有很多不錯(cuò)的免費(fèi)書籍，這讓作者覺得很棒。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第五句“Iwasconductingauditions(試演)formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhousein

London.(我當(dāng)時(shí)在倫敦我那狹小的合租房子里為我的劇本進(jìn)行試演。)”可知，此處是指使“我”的合租房

看起來(lái)更“年輕專業(yè)”一點(diǎn)，所以it代指“合租房”。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady’smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.(所以，我打電

話給電話查號(hào)臺(tái)，接通了女房東的經(jīng)紀(jì)人，他們給了我一把備用鑰匙，剛好來(lái)得及在演員們到來(lái)之前回

去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用電話亭是為了撥打緊急電話。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicommunitylibrary”:any

passer-bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirown

collection.(最后一個(gè)被改造成了一個(gè)“迷你社區(qū)圖書館”：任何路過(guò)的人都可以從它的書架上“借”書，

以后還回來(lái)，或者用自己收藏的另一本書來(lái)替換。)”可知，任何人都可以為“迷你社區(qū)圖書館”的捐贈(zèng)圖

書。故選B。

【7題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后四句“ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesof

voluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouraged

metoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI’vediscoveredsome

greatbooks!(然后我注意到福克正在進(jìn)行春季大掃除，把各種主題的大書一箱箱地扔到那里。而且這些書是

免費(fèi)的。這個(gè)無(wú)與倫比的價(jià)格點(diǎn)鼓勵(lì)我嘗試許多我通常不會(huì)考慮購(gòu)買的標(biāo)題。我還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些很棒的

書！)”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)“迷你圖書館”里有很多免費(fèi)的很棒的書，所以開始使用。故選C。

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C

OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary’ssouthernsuburbs.Asa

result,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHail

SuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrain

beforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailproject

flights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.

NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears

“Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotecttheCalgary-Edmontonurbanarea

fromhail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey’reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”

TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModification

Inc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbe

cousingdrought.”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetter

ground.”

OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromthe

UniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龍卷風(fēng))formfromaseededstormcellin

Kansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereally

knows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”

Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubt

hashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededin

winningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegal

safety.

8.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?

A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.

C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.

9.Whoareopposedtotheproject?

A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta.B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.

C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton

10.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?

A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.

B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.

C.Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.

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D.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.

B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.

C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.

D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了1991年9月7日，加拿大歷史上損失最大的冰雹襲擊了卡爾加

里的南郊。因此，自1996年以來(lái)，一組保險(xiǎn)公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制項(xiàng)目上花費(fèi)約200萬(wàn)美元。飛機(jī)

在有威脅的風(fēng)暴中心中播撒一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，使小冰晶在變成危險(xiǎn)的冰雹之前像雨一樣落下。但是，在艾伯

塔省中東部的農(nóng)民們擔(dān)心，“冰雹計(jì)劃”飛行的下風(fēng)處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干渴的土地上偷

走。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2million

peryearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomake

smallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.(因此，自1996年以來(lái)，一組保險(xiǎn)

公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制項(xiàng)目上花費(fèi)約200萬(wàn)美元。飛機(jī)在有威脅的風(fēng)暴中心中播撒一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，

使小冰晶在變成危險(xiǎn)的冰雹之前像雨一樣落下)”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是防止冰雹的形成。故選B項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—

worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.(但是，在艾伯塔

省中東部的農(nóng)民們擔(dān)心，“冰雹計(jì)劃”飛行的下風(fēng)處，寶貴的水分正被人工降雨從他們干渴的土地上偷

走)”可知，艾伯塔省中東部的農(nóng)民反對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearch

scientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龍卷

風(fēng))formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreduce

moisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”(查克·多斯韋爾是一位剛剛從俄

克拉何馬大學(xué)退休的研究科學(xué)家，他對(duì)人工降雨的安全性持懷疑態(tài)度?！?999年，我在堪薩斯州親眼目睹

了由種子風(fēng)暴細(xì)胞形成的重大龍卷風(fēng)，”多斯韋爾博士說(shuō)?！叭斯そ涤陼?huì)制造致命風(fēng)暴還是減少順風(fēng)處的

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水分？當(dāng)然，沒有人真正知道，但是播種還在繼續(xù)。”)”可推知，多斯韋爾博士提到他在1999年看到的龍

卷風(fēng)是為了提示人工降雨可能帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostop

cloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheir

impacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimate

engineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.(考慮到質(zhì)疑的程度，斯廷旺德建議，“停止人工降雨是明智

的。”在實(shí)踐中，懷疑產(chǎn)生了相反的效果。由于缺乏有關(guān)其影響的科學(xué)證據(jù)，沒有人成功地贏得了對(duì)人工

降雨公司的訴訟。因此，私人氣候工程可以在相對(duì)合法的安全條件下進(jìn)行)”可推知，從最后一段我們能推

斷出人工降雨公司將繼續(xù)存在。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate

1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythe

child,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbe

givenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowed

aconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottempted(誘惑)bysugarytreats,but

byourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarious

typesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andourbrainsdeveloped

aresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe’ve

reshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhave

thesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggleto

resisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswas

information-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhas

greatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded(轟炸)withnewinformation.

Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful

aboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtime

mosteffectively.

12.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel’stest?

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A.Takeanexaminationalone.B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

13.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween___________.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Absorbnewinformationreadily.B.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMoreB.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetterD.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在信息化時(shí)代我們作為成年人每天都在面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試，信息轟炸讓我們攝入

了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,they

wouldbegivenasecondtreat.(每個(gè)孩子都被告知，如果他們?cè)诔灾暗却?5分鐘，他們將得到第二次獎(jiǎng)

勵(lì)。)”可知，在米歇爾的測(cè)試中，孩子們需要在吃之前等待15分鐘才能得到第二次獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthis

mismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.(但

是，當(dāng)我們重塑了我們周圍的世界，大大減少了獲取卡路里的成本和努力時(shí)，我們的大腦仍然和幾千年前

一樣，這種不匹配是我們這么多人努力抵抗我們知道不應(yīng)該吃的誘人食物的核心原因。)”可知，根據(jù)第三

段可知，豐富的食物供應(yīng)和我們不曾改變的大腦之間存在不匹配。故選C。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloric

consumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationof

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themental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.(因此，就像我們需要更仔細(xì)地考慮我們的

熱量消耗一樣，我們也需要更仔細(xì)地考慮我們的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的誘惑，以便最有效地

管理我們的時(shí)間。)”可知，作者建議讀者做有選擇性的信息消費(fèi)者。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottempted

(誘惑)bysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.(作為成年

人，我們每天都要面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試。誘惑我們的不是甜食，而是我們的電腦、手機(jī)和平板電腦——所有這

些將我們與全球信息傳遞系統(tǒng)連接起來(lái)的設(shè)備，它們對(duì)我們的作用就像棉花糖對(duì)學(xué)齡前兒童的作用一

樣。)”可知，文章主要是講在信息化時(shí)代我們作為成年人每天都在面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試，信息轟炸讓我們攝入

了太多精神“垃圾食品”。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.

___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?

___17___

Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogetthei