重慶市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期10月階段性檢測(cè)試題含解析

(滿分：150分;考試時(shí)間：120分鐘)留意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考場(chǎng)/座位號(hào)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必需運(yùn)用2B鉛筆填涂;答非選擇題時(shí)，必需運(yùn)用0.5毫米的黑色簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě);必需在題號(hào)對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)無(wú)效保持答卷清潔、完整。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回(試題卷學(xué)生保存，以備評(píng)講)。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Reschedulethemeeting. B.Joinasportsclub. C.Seeadoctor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’msorryJames,Ican’tmakethesportsclubmeetingtonight.M:That’sokay.Iseverythingalright?W:Yeah,Ijusthaveanappointmentattheclinicrightinthemiddleofthemeetingtime.M:Noproblem.Wecan’trescheduleitbutIhopetoseeyounextweek!2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherinterviewatfirst?A.Worried. B.Excited. C.Confident.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’msonervousaboutthisjobinterviewtomorrow.DoyouthinkI’llbeokay?M:You’lldogreat.YouarethesmartestandmostcapablepersonIknow!W:Thanks,Iappreciateyourkindwords.I’msureI’llbeexcitedinnotime!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Athome. C.Inahotel.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeentoldyoumighthaveaspareroom.W:Yes,I’vegotasparesingle.M:Whatareyourterms?W:￡37forbedandbreakfast.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesthemanneedthecar?A.Togotowork. B.Todeliveritemsforaparty. C.Totakehisuncletothehospital.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MumsaidIcouldborrowthecarforafewhours.Isthatokay?IneedtopickupsomesuppliesforAuntyJane’sparty.W:Sure,butIneeditforworklaterandtotakeUncleLeotothehospital.Doyouneeditforlong?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Storesomewater. B.Buysomecontainers. C.Fixapipe.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,grabsomecontainers!Thewaterinourbuildingisgoingtobeshutoffinanhour!Formaybe3days!M:What?Whathappened?W:It’sforrepairs.Animportantpipebroke.Weneedtofillupeverycontainerwehavewithwater.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelikescomedy.B.Sheneedstoprepareapresent.C.Shewillhaveaprojecttoworkon.7.Whatticketdoesthewomandecidetobook?A.Amusicalplay. B.Acomedyshow. C.Arockconcert.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouseetheseholidaydeals,Wendy?W:NotreallyEric,I’vehadaprojectatwork.I’vebeenmeaningtohavealookformysister’sbirthday.Ithoughtaboutgettingherandherhusbandsometicketstoalocaltheatershow.I’mnotsurewhat’sontobehonest.Istheresomecomedyoramusical?M:I’mnotsureaboutcomedybutIheardthattherockconcertsareamazing!W:Iloverockmusic.Itgetscheaperthemoreyoubuy.M:Agroupticket,wecanallgo!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Rentingacoach. B.Bookingahotel. C.Reschedulingaconference.9.Whyisthemanworried?A.Theymightgooverbudget.B.Thehotelroomsarenotbigenough.C.Theyhavetogetupearlyeveryday.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Carol,Itriedtobooktheroomsforthewholeteamfortheconference,butallthehotelsintownarefull.W:Well,Iknowabiggerhotelabout20milesoutsidethecity.Letmecheckonlinefirst.I’msurethey’llhaveenoughroomsavailablefortheteam.M:Hmm.20miles?We’llhavetorentacoacheachdaysowemayendupgoingoverourtravelbudget.W:Actually,Ithinkwe’llbefine.Hotelslocatedoutsidethecitytendtobelessexpensive.Themoneywe’llbesavingonroomscanbeusedtorentacoach.Butwehavetogetupearliereveryday.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohn?A.Hehaschangedalot.B.Helookslikehisfather.C.Heislookingforaplacetolive.11.WhatdoesJohnworkfor?A.Anoverseasfirm.B.Hisfamilybusiness.C.Anexportingcompany.12.WhatisJohn’sopiniononhislifenow?A.Enjoyable. B.Difficult. C.Exciting.【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Isthisyourson?Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.W:Yes,thatphotowastakenafewmonthsago.M:Johnhasn’tchangedabit.He’sthesameinappearanceashisfather,isn’the?W:Yes,heis.M:What’shedoingatthepresenttime?W:He’sdonethesameashisfatherdidandworksinthefamilyimportingbusiness.He’slivingoverseasatthemoment.M:Ohreally?Howdoeshelikeit?W:Itwasdifficultforhimatfirstbecausehehadtostartfromthebeginningwithouthelp,youknow,findingsomewheretoliveandmakingnewfriends.He’ssettleddownnowthoughandhelovesit.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whyistheeventorganized?A.Tomakemoney.B.Toencouragereading.C.Togiveawaybookstotheschool.14.Whoistheorganizeroftheevent?A.Theschool. B.Thewoman. C.Thelocalbookstores.15.Howwillthemanhelp?A.Bycollectingbooks.B.Byleadingabakesale.C.Bymakingalistofplaces.16.Wherewilltheeventbeheld?A.Atagym.B.Atalibrary.C.Atabookstore.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,I’morganizingabookdrive.I’mcollectingdonationsfromalloverthecity.M:What’sitfor?W:Theschoolhasalimitedbudgetforbooks,soIwanttohelpthemexpandtheirlibrary.IrememberhowlimitedourselectionwaswhenIwasthere.Iwanttogivethenewstudentsmoreopportunitieslearningandexploringnewsubjects.Thedrivewilldonateallthebookstotheschool.M:That’sgreat.CanIhelp?W:Thatwouldbegreat.Canyouhelpmecontactlocalbookstores,libraries,andindividualstoaskfordonations?M:Absolutely!W:Thanks.I’vemadealistofplaces.We’realsodoingabakesaleonthedaytoo.M:Icanhelpwiththat.Icansetupthetablesandprices.Wherearewedoingit?W:Theschool’sgym.It’sbigenoughtoholdthebooksandtables,andit’seasyforthecommunitytoaccess.Wecanputthebookdrop-offstationneartheentranceandhavethebakesaleareatowardsthebackofthegym.M:Great.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthemuseumtryingtodo?A.Attractmorevisitors.B.Introducesomeartworks.C.Increasepeople’sappreciationofart.18.Whatprogramisavailableforchildren?A.Classesexploringart. B.Guestlectures. C.Workshops.19.Howcanvisitorslearnaboutartmovementsandtrends?A.Fromthestaff. B.Fromthelibrary. C.Fromtheclasses.20.Howmanydaysisthemuseumopeneachweek?A.Sixdays. B.Fivedays. C.Fourdays.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:WelcometotheMuseumofModernArt.Ourmuseumhousesoneofthemostimpressivecollectionsofmodernandcontemporaryartintheworld.Ourmissionistoinspirecreativityandpromoteunderstandingandenjoymentoftheartofourtimes.Ourcollectionincludespaintings,sculptures,photography,andvideoexhibitsfromaroundtheworld.WehaveclassicworksbyfamousartistssuchasPabloPicasso,FridaKahlo,andAndyWarhol,aswellasemergingartistswhoarepartofthelatestartmovements.Weofferavarietyofprogramsandevents.Ourfamilyprogramsaredesignedtoengagechildreninmeaningfulartexperiencesincludingtours,talks,andworkshops.Ouradultprogramsincludeclassesthatexploreartanditsimpactonsociety;additionally,guestlecturersanddiscussionswhenavailable.Theseprogramsareledbyourknowledgeablestaffandprovideinsightsintothecreativeprocessandtechniquesbehindtheworksofart.Wealsohavealibrarywithbooks,journals,andotherresourcesonmodernandcontemporaryart,availabletothepublicforresearchandstudy.Visitorscanusethelibrarytolearnabouttheartistsandtheirworksortodeepentheirunderstandingofartmovementsandtrends.OurmuseumisopeneverydayexceptTuesdays,andweofferfreeadmissiontoallvisitorsonWednesdaydaytimesandFridaysfrom5p.m.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANashvilleTNHistoricalToursGeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruisesAGeneralJacksonShowboatLunchorDinnerCruiseprovidesanamazingadventuretothosevisitingNashville,TN.ThisfamouspaddlewheelriverboattakesguestsviatheCumberlandRivertoviewtheNashvilleskylinetoenjoyarelaxingcruise(乘船巡游),livestageshow,anddeliciousdinner.TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours,whichisappropriateforallages.Thecruisepriceincludesamealandnon-alcoholicbeverage.Handicapcanbeaccessible.BothCamerasandVideoCamerasarepermitted.HatchShowPrintTourOnthisgreatguidedtour,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryofHatch.Thetourlastsabout45minutes.It’ssuitableforallages.Nobeveragewillbeoffered,soyouneedtotakeyourownhandicap.Hatchcreatedposterprintsforcircuses.Camerasarenotallowed.Itisatrulyimmersive(沉醉式的)experiencethatcombineshands-onfunwiththeinterestingandcolorfulHatchShow.CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTourFromvisitingthebattleofFranklintotheCarterHouseandCarntonPlantation,theCivilWarhistoricaltouroffersanin-depthlookintoboththeAmericanCivilWarandtheprevailingcultureoftheTennesseeareaduringthemid-19thcentury.Thetourlastsapproximately7hours.Thistourisalsoappropriateforallages.Handicapandcamerasarepermitted.TheRedneckComedyBusTourIfyouarelookingforatripthatshowsyouallofNashville’smostfamousandhistoricsiteswithoutbeingabore,theRedneckisforyou.Morningtoursare2hours.Afternoontoursare90minutes.TheChristmasadventureintheeveninglastsapproximately2hours.Allagesareappropriate.Handicapandcamerasarepermitted.21.Whichtourhasthelongesttraveltime?A.HatchShowPrintTour.B.TheRedneckComedyBusTour.C.CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour.D.GeneralJacksonShowboatLunchDinnerCruises.22.Whatdothefourtourshaveincommon?A.Allofthemofferbeverage, B.Camerasandhandicaparepermitted.C.Appropriateforallages. D.Theyalloffernomeals.23.Wheredoesthispassagemostlikelycomefrom?A.Atravelbrochure, B.Atextbook.C.Areport. D.Amagazine.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了美國(guó)田納西州納什維爾的四個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)?！?1題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)GeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruises中的“TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours”（杰克遜將軍晚餐游船大約持續(xù)2.5小時(shí)）；依據(jù)HatchShowPrintTour中的“Thetourlastsabout45minutes.”（參觀時(shí)間持續(xù)45分鐘）；依據(jù)CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour“Thetourlastsapproximately7hours.”（巡游時(shí)間持續(xù)約為7小時(shí)）依據(jù)TheRedneckComedyBusTour中的“Morningtoursare2hours.Afternoontoursare90minutes.TheChristmasadventureintheeveninglastsapproximately2hours.”（上午的巡游時(shí)間為2小時(shí)。下午的巡游時(shí)間為90分鐘。晚上的圣誕冒險(xiǎn)持續(xù)大約2個(gè)小時(shí)。）可知，CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour.持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)GeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruises中的“TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours,whichisappropriateforallages.”（杰克遜將軍晚餐游船大約持續(xù)2.5小時(shí)，適合全部年齡段。）；依據(jù)HatchShowPrintTour中的“It’ssuitableforallages.”（它適合全部年齡的人）；依據(jù)CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour中的“Thistourisalsoappropriateforallages.”（這個(gè)旅行也適合全部年齡的人）；依據(jù)TheRedneckComedyBusTour中的“Allagesareappropriate.”（適合全部年齡的人）可知，四個(gè)景點(diǎn)的共同點(diǎn)是適合全部年齡段的人。故選C項(xiàng)。23題詳解】推理推斷題。短文介紹了美國(guó)田納西州納什維爾的四個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)。所以短文來(lái)自旅游手冊(cè)。故選A項(xiàng)。BEdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.However,weeksaftertheysetoff,theywerestranded(滯留)thereovernightwithoutwater,foodortentsatatemperatureofabout-30℃.Theytookturnstokeepeachotherawakeincasetheyfellasleepanddidnotwakeupagain.Actually,thatnightonthemountaintopwasnotthefirsttimethatJacksonhadbeenclosetodeath.Fiveyearsago,whilestillaprofessionalrugbyplayer,Jacksonbrokehisneckinachallenge,whichnearlykilledhim.Jacksonwastoldbydoctorsthathewaslikelytofacelifeinawheelchair.Hewasforcedtoretirefromplayingrugby.Luckily,Jacksonmanagedtodiscardhiswheelchairsixmonthsaftertheaccident.Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.Hetriedtoclimbmanyhighermountainsafterthat.Fouryearslater,hefoundhimselfintheHimalayas.ThechallengesthatJacksonfacedinthemountainshavehadagreatimpactonhisrecoverybothphysicallyandmentally.Jacksonrealizedthatothersmightbenefit,too.SohestartedthecharityMillimeterstoMountains(M2M)withhiswifeLoisandhisfriendOilyBarkley.Ittakesbeneficiaries(受益人)whohavesufferedphysicalorpsychologicalinjuriesinchallengesaroundtheworld,allowingthemtoaccessthehealingpowerofnature.Jacksonsays,“Ioncelosthopeinlifebecauseofmybadcondition,thinkingtherewasnothingIcoulddo.ButhopefullywhatI’mdoing,whatwe’redoingwiththecharityandwhatourbeneficiariesareprovingcangiveanyonethehopethattheycanturntheirlifearound,nomatterhowdiscouragingitmightseematthatmoment.”24.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Jacksonwastiredofballgames.B.Jacksonwasnostrangertosufferinginlife.C.Jacksonwaswellrespectedforhissurvivalskills.D.Jacksonwasadvisedtodoexercisebyhisdoctors.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”probablymeaninthethirdparagraph?A.Giveup. B.Relyon. C.Tearapart. D.Carrythrough.26.WhydidJacksonstartM2M?A.Toeducatesportslovers. B.Toraisemoneyforthedisabled.C.Toencouragesafemountainclimbing. D.Tohelppeoplewithsimilarexperiences.27.WhatkindofpersonisJacksonprobably?A.Enthusiasticandindependent. B.Creativeandaggressive.C.Adventurousandinspiring. D.Responsibleandhumorous.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了EdJackson，一個(gè)勇于冒險(xiǎn)的人，他在冒險(xiǎn)中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)對(duì)他的身體和精神復(fù)原都產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，并且創(chuàng)辦了慈善組織M2M，幫助有類似閱歷的人。【24題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“EdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.However,weeksaftertheysetoff,theywerestranded(滯留)thereovernightwithoutwater,foodortentsatatemperatureofabout-30℃.(EdJackson的團(tuán)隊(duì)正試圖爬上喜馬拉雅山的山頂。然而，在動(dòng)身幾周后，他們被困在那里過(guò)夜，沒(méi)有水，沒(méi)有食物，也沒(méi)有帳篷，氣溫約為零下30℃。)”和其次段中“Actually,thatnightonthemountaintopwasnotthefirsttimethatJacksonhadbeenclosetodeath.(事實(shí)上，在山頂?shù)哪莻€(gè)晚上并不是Jackson第一次與死神擦肩而過(guò)。)”可知，前兩段主要講解并描述Jackson閱歷的磨難，即Jackson對(duì)生活中的苦難并不生疏。故選B?！?5題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。畫(huà)線詞前所在的下一句“Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.(為了紀(jì)念他的事故一周年，Jackson給自己定下了攀登威爾士最高的山峰斯諾登山的目標(biāo)，盡管當(dāng)時(shí)他還拄著兩根拐杖。)可知，Jackson不需再運(yùn)用輪椅了，故劃線詞所在句意思是“幸運(yùn)的是，Jackson在事故發(fā)生六個(gè)月后設(shè)法丟棄了他的輪椅?！彼詣澗€詞discard意為“拋棄”，與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)giveup同義，故選A。【26題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“ThechallengesthatJacksonfacedinthemountainshavehadagreatimpactonhisrecoverybothphysicallyandmentally.Jacksonrealizedthatothersmightbenefit,too.SohestartedthecharityMillimeterstoMountains(M2M)withhiswifeLoisandhisfriendOilyBarkley.Ittakesbeneficiaries(受益人)whohavesufferedphysicalorpsychologicalinjuriesinchallengesaroundtheworld,allowingthemtoaccessthehealingpowerofnature.”(Jackson在山上面臨的挑戰(zhàn)對(duì)他的身體和精神的復(fù)原都產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。Jackson意識(shí)到其他人也可能從中受益。因此，他與妻子Lois和摯友OilyBarkley一起創(chuàng)辦了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)M2M。它讓那些在世界各地的挑戰(zhàn)中遭遇身體或心理?yè)p害的人成為受益者，讓他們獲得自然的治愈力氣。)”可知，Jackson創(chuàng)辦M2M是為了幫助有類似閱歷的人。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“EdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.(EdJackson的團(tuán)隊(duì)正試圖爬上喜馬拉雅山的山頂)”，第三段中的“Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.(為了紀(jì)念他的事故一周年，Jackson給自己定下了攀登威爾士最高的山峰斯諾登山的目標(biāo)，盡管當(dāng)時(shí)他還拄著兩根拐杖。)以及最終一段中“Jacksonsays,“Ioncelosthopeinlifebecauseofmybadcondition,thinkingtherewasnothingIcoulddo.ButhopefullywhatI’mdoing,whatwe’redoingwiththecharityandwhatourbeneficiariesareprovingcangiveanyonethehopethattheycanturntheirlifearound,nomatterhowdiscouragingitmightseematthatmoment.”(杰克遜說(shuō)：“我曾經(jīng)因?yàn)樯眢w狀況不好而對(duì)生活失去希望，覺(jué)得自己無(wú)能為力。但希望我所做的，我們與慈善機(jī)構(gòu)所做的，以及我們的受益者所證明的，可以給任何人帶來(lái)希望，讓他們能夠變更自己的生活，不管那一刻看起來(lái)多么令人懊喪。”)”可知，EdJackson是一個(gè)勇于冒險(xiǎn)且鼓舞人心的人。故選C。CMostpeoplefindsugarhardtoresist.Ourbrainsneedlotsofenergyandsugaryfoodsprovideplentyofit.Butwhencaloriesaretooreadilyavailable,itiseasytooverdoit.Therehasbeennoshortageofresearchonsugarreplacementswithoutthecalories,butevidencefromanimalandhumanstudieshaslinkedsometoweightgain.OnepromisingalternativeisfoundinthefruitofSynsepalumdulcificum(奇跡果),aplantnativetoWestAfrica.Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.InBenin,thefruitiseatenfreshandismostlyusedasasweetenertohavewithsourfoodsanddrinks,saysDedeoufromauniversityinBenin.Theberrywithmiraculin(奇跡果蛋白)isveryappreciatedbylocalconsumers,especiallythekidsandpeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病).Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.Theberriesdon’ttravelwellandtheplantisslowtogrow.Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary,saysTchokponhouewhoseteamisworkingtohelpenlargetheproductionofmiracleberriesinWestAfrica.Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因圖譜)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround￡18forapackof10.Ifyoucanaffordit,theberry’staste-twistingpowerisfuntotryathome.Letthetabletmeltonyourtongue,thentrytastingacidicfoodssuchaslemons.Theeffectshouldlastbetween15and60minutes.28.WhatdoweknowaboutSynsepalumdulcificum?A.Itcontainshighcalories.B.Itisrelatedtoweightgain.C.Ittastesunusuallysweet.D.Itservesasasugarreplacement29.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Effortsmadetoobtainmoremiraculin.B.GenomepublishedtohelpdotheresearchC.Creationadvocatedtoproducemiracleberries.D.Transformationsperformedtoengineertomatoes30.Whatcanwesayabouttabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberries?A.Theyaresour. B.TheyareinexpensiveC.Theyareaccessible D.Theyareproductive.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetogettingthesugaralternative?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Defensive. D.Conservative.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。探討表明，原產(chǎn)于西非的奇跡果有望成為糖的替代品。本文還介紹了一些國(guó)家為創(chuàng)建奇跡果蛋白的替代來(lái)源而做出的努力?！?8題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.(這些所謂的奇跡漿果本身嘗起來(lái)并不含糖，但假如你事后嘗試一些酸的東西，它的味道會(huì)異樣甜。)”以及第三段“Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.(盡管奇跡果有望成為糖的替代品，但它的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模有限，而且不在全球范圍內(nèi)銷售。)”可知，奇跡果可以替代糖。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段“Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary…Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因圖譜)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(為了創(chuàng)建奇跡果蛋白的替代來(lái)源，日本Tsukuba高校的探討人員對(duì)西紅柿進(jìn)行了基因工程改造，以生產(chǎn)這種蛋白質(zhì)，但這不是必要的……今年早些時(shí)候，中國(guó)海南高校的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)表了硬骨合瓣的基因組，這可能會(huì)有所幫助。)”可知，第4段的主要介紹了為獲得更多奇跡蛋白所做的努力。故選A?！?0題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround￡18forapackof10.(你可以在網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)冷凍干燥的奇跡果片，但價(jià)格昂貴，每包10片售價(jià)約18英鎊。)”可知，干的奇跡果片是可以買到的。故選C。【31題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因圖譜)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(今年早些時(shí)候，中國(guó)海南高校的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)表了硬骨合瓣的基因組，這可能會(huì)有所幫助。)”以及最終一段“Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.(西班牙初創(chuàng)企業(yè)BaiaFood支配在加納促進(jìn)該工廠的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，并銷售干漿果。)”可知，作者對(duì)獲得替代糖持樂(lè)觀看法。故選B。DThefour-dayworkweek’smomenthasarrived.Withanewproposaloflegislation(立法)inAmericatoreducethestandardworkweekfrom40to32hoursawarenessofashorterworkweek—andenthusiasmforit—isgaining.Andsoisthedoubtaroundit.InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.Thechallengesoverthepastyearshavestrengthenedourmusclesofadaptation.Andthenewpracticeofworkingfromhomeprovedthatwecanadjustquicklytochangingconditions.Four-dayworkweekpilots(試點(diǎn))areemergingacrosstheglobe,withsomecompaniesnowdecidingtoadoptthepolicypermanently.MicrosoftJapanandKickstarterrepresentjustthegrowingnumberoforganizationsexploringthefour-dayworkweek.Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.Itiseasytoimaginewhatwemightdowithanadditionalday-off-spendtimewithfamilyandfriends,pursueahobby,sleep.Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.Manyinfavorofthefour-dayworkweekanticipateamorefulfilledcommunity.Someleaderswillseetheresearchandbelievethatapilotisworthwhile.Otherswillresisttheidea.Theyweretaughtthatfacetimewithemployeesistheonlywaytoensureaccountability(責(zé)任心)andproductivity.Lessfacetimecanfeellikealossofcontrol.Whileeachorganizationwillneedtofindwhatworksforthem,doingsocanbeaproductiveexercise.Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan“solving”thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.Awin,atechfirm,saw80employeesvolunteerfortaskforcestoensurethattheirswitchtoafour-dayworkweekwentsmoothly.32.WhyareAmericansdoubtfulaboutthenewworkweekpractice?A.Therearelimitedlegislationproposalsforit.B.ItchallengesAmericanworkvalue.C.Itgoesbeyondtheirstandardworkweek.D.Therearefewpilotsforitacrosstheglobe.33.Whatisparagraph2mainlydiscussing?A.Americanworkculture.B.Challengesofthenewpractice.C.Detailsofthenewworkweekpilots.D.Thepossibilityofadoptingthenewpractice.34.Whatcanbeachievedbythenewpractice?A.Amorehealthyandefficientsociety.B.Diversityoforganizationmanagement.C.Increasedsenseofresponsibility.D.Morechoicesofcommunityservices.35.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?A.Handlethechallengesfromthetopdown.B.Allowtheemployeestotrythenewpractice.C.Workoutdetailedsolutionsfortheorganization.D.Developmorewaystomeasureproductivity.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了新的四小時(shí)工作周新慣例在社會(huì)上引起的懷疑，支持和試點(diǎn)等狀況。【32題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.(最初的懷疑是合理的，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)的工作文化建立在不斷工作和對(duì)超額成就的期望之上。)”可知，美國(guó)的工作文化其價(jià)值觀是“不斷工作，超額成就”，而新的工作周慣例是四天制，這與其原有價(jià)值觀相違反，因此美國(guó)人懷疑這一新的工作制度。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.(然而，假如曾經(jīng)有過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)變思維的時(shí)候，那就是現(xiàn)在了。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)兴季S，即原有的工作文化價(jià)值觀。故可推想本段主要講解并描述轉(zhuǎn)變思維，適應(yīng)新的慣例的可能性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.(支持者列舉了很多好處，包括改善身心健康、增加性別同等和主動(dòng)的環(huán)境影響。)”和第三句“Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.(試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，生產(chǎn)率也有所提高。)”可知，新的工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)慣例能夠促進(jìn)身心健康，也能夠提高生產(chǎn)效率，因此整個(gè)社會(huì)將會(huì)更加高效。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段二三句“Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan“solving”thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者可以讓員工解決微小環(huán)節(jié)問(wèn)題，而不是自上而下地“解決”挑戰(zhàn)。新西蘭最大的慈善服務(wù)私人機(jī)構(gòu)PerpetualGuardian要求員工提出自己的生產(chǎn)力措施，包括如何提高生產(chǎn)力和支配輪班。)”可知，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者要讓員工自己解決微小環(huán)節(jié)問(wèn)題，且以PerpetualGuardian為例，進(jìn)一步指出員工自己可以提出自己的生產(chǎn)力措施，即老板應(yīng)當(dāng)允許員工自己踐行一些新實(shí)踐。故選B項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowCanIFightLaziness?Lazypeoplewillnevergainanythinginlife.However,lazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourmind.___36___Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.Thesepeoplehavelittlemotivationoncetheyarrivehome.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoputoffthings.Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrest,youcanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromtasktotask.Otherstakeamorepositiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustovercomealone.____37____Somepeoplefightlazinessremovingthetemptationsthatsurroundthem.Atelevisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainment,butwatchingtoomuchTVoftencontributestolaziness.____38____Completeafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.Couplesandchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevels,butlazinesscanbespreadifnotdealwithimmediately.____39____Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirowntask.Itisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivatedpeople.____40____Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,thusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpliftyourspirits.A.Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.B.Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.C.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.D.Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.E.Withstrongdetermination,youwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal.F.Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachild.G.Lazinessappearswhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownmind.【答案】36.C37.G38.F39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇