備考2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時提能第一部分過透教材Unit4Breakingboundaries外研版選擇性必修第二冊

Unit4Breakingboundaries一、閱讀理解A[中國情懷/2024江蘇徐州5月考前模擬]AtarestaurantinSingapore，aserverisbusyswervingbetweentablesandbringingdishestohungrycustomers.However，theserverisnotahumanbutadeliveryrobotdevelopedbyShanghai-basedunicornKeenonRobotics.Therestaurant’scutecartoon-likeemployeeaddsasenseofwarmthtohelppersonalizethediningexperience.Inrecentyears，deliveryrobotshavebeenpopularinforeigncountries.AccordingtoLiTong，founderandCEOofKeenonRobotics，salesrevenueofKeenonalmostdoubledlastyearandmorethanhalfofthecompany’srobotswereshippedtoforeignmarketsin2024.Foundedin2010，KeenonRoboticsleveragesitsfullyautonomouspositioningandnavigationtechnologytoofferrobotsbothathomeandabroad，includingserver，disinfection，deliveryandlogisticsrobots."Inthefieldofindustrialrobots，whichisknownas‘thecrownjewelofmanufacturing’，Chinesecompanieshavealreadyturnedfromfollowerstoleaders.Corecomponentsusedtorelyheavilyonimports，butinrecentyearswehaveachievedbreakthroughsincrucialtechnologiesandarequicklycatchingup，"Lisaid.Chinaistheworld’slargestmarketfortheindustrialrobotindustry.SalesofindustrialrobotsinChinareachedover300，000unitslastyear，accountingformorethanhalfofglobalsales.Aresearchreportsaidtheworld’sserviceroboticsmarketisprojectedtogrowfrom$36.2billionin2024to$103.3billionby2026andhighreturnsoninvestmentisthekeyfactordrivingtheserviceroboticsmarket.Withsuchadvantagesasrelativelylowmanufacturingcostsandasounddomesticsupplyandindustrialchain，Chineseroboticscompaniesareexpectedtofurtherknockonthedoorsofrisingmarketsglobally.However，ZhangWeijiong，aprofessorfromtheChinaEuropeInternationalBusinessSchool，pointedoutthattherearestillproblems.Theymustabidebythelawsandregulationsoverseasandfollowvariousindustrialandtechnicalstandards.Therefore，theyneedtoestablishcorrespondingchannelsandteamstofacilitateroboticsproductstoentertheinternationalmarket.這是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了在被稱為"制造業(yè)皇冠上的明珠"的工業(yè)機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域，中國公司已經(jīng)從追隨者變成了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。憑借相對較低的制造成本和完善的國內(nèi)供應(yīng)鏈和產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈等優(yōu)勢，中國機(jī)器人公司有望進(jìn)一步敲開全球新興市場的大門。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"leverages"inparagraph3mean？A.Applies. B.Imports.C.Changes. D.Evaluates.解析A詞義揣測題。由"itsfullyautonomouspositioningandnavigationtechnologytoofferrobotsbothathomeandabroad，includingserver，disinfection，deliveryandlogisticsrobots"可知，下文說的是其全自主的定位和導(dǎo)航技術(shù)的詳細(xì)應(yīng)用。由此可知，畫線詞的含義應(yīng)為"應(yīng)用"，故選A項(xiàng)。2.WhatcontributestothearisingoftheChineseservicerobotsoverseas？A.Loweredprices.B.Enhancedpurchasingpower.C.Masteringcoretechnologies.D.Enoughhumanresources.解析C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的"Inthefieldofindustrialrobots，whichisknownas‘thecrownjewelofmanufacturing’，Chinesecompanieshavealreadyturnedfromfollowerstoleaders.Corecomponentsusedtorelyheavilyonimports，butinrecentyearswehaveachievedbreakthroughsincrucialtechnologiesandarequicklycatchingup"可知，為中國的服務(wù)機(jī)器人在海外的崛起做貢獻(xiàn)的是關(guān)鍵技術(shù)上取得的突破，故選C項(xiàng)。3.WhatdoesProfessorZhangWeijiongemphasize？A.TheadvantagesofChineseroboticscompanies.B.Thegoldenopportunitytoexpandrobotexport.C.Comparisonsofdomesticandoverseasmarkets.D.AfewchallengesChineseroboticsfirmsface.解析D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的"However，ZhangWeijiong，aprofessorfromtheChinaEuropeInternationalBusinessSchool，pointedoutthattherearestillproblems"可推知，張教授認(rèn)為中國機(jī)器人公司面臨挑戰(zhàn)，故選D項(xiàng)。4.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.BoostingofoverseasmarketB.PopularityofdeliveryrobotsC.CrownjewelofmanufacturingD.RisingofChineseindustrialrobots解析D標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國工業(yè)機(jī)器人的崛起，故選D項(xiàng)。B[2024湖北名校第一次聯(lián)合測評]Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle，DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7whenhebecamethefirsthumantobesuccessfullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig."Itcreatesthebeat；itcreatesthepressure；itishisheart，"declaredBartleyGriffith，directorofthesurgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter.Bennett，then57，heldonthrough60tomorrows，farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures，knownasxenotransplantation（異種器官移植），couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans，savingthousandsofliveseachyear.Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans，involvingkidneysfromrabbits，goats，andotheranimals，occurredintheearly20thcentury，decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhuman-to-humantransplants.Rejection，whichoccurswhentherecipient’sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectandattacksit，followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s，butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983，whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon（狒狒）.Inrecentyears，however，advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility：re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose，becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths.Somebiotechcompanies，includingRevivicor，areinvestingheavilyinthefield.ThedonorpigwasofferedbyRevivicorfromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshadbeenre-editedtoimprovetheheart’scondition.Beyondthat，thepigwasraisedinisolationandtestedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfecthumansordamagetheorganitself.Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20％ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了第一個勝利移植豬心臟的人，他堅持了60天，比以往任何接受過其他物種心臟移植的病人都要長得多。他的精彩表現(xiàn)給人們帶來了新的希望，即這種被稱為異種移植的手術(shù)可以幫助緩解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救數(shù)千人的生命。這一醫(yī)學(xué)突破為心臟移植等待名單上20％的患者供應(yīng)了另一種選擇。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"run"inparagraph2referto？A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.B.Performingtheheartoperation.C.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.D.Receivinganewheartfromapig.解析C詞語指代題。由其次段"Bennett，then57，heldonthrough60tomorrows，farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerun...savingthousandsofliveseachyear"可知，Hisremarkablerun指的是上文提到的"當(dāng)時57歲的Bennett堅持了60天"，即接受豬心臟移植手術(shù)后活了60天，故選C。2.Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson？A.Itshistory. B.Itsprocedure.C.Itsconsequence. D.Itssignificance.解析A段落大意題。通讀第三段可知，第三段主要介紹了異種器官移植的歷史，故選A。3.Whatmakespigsidealforprovidingsparepartsinxenotransplantation？A.Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.B.Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.C.Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.D.Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalqualities.解析C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的"Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose，becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths."可知，豬易養(yǎng)且生長速度快，是異種器官移植的志向供體，故選C。4.WhywasBennett’soperationregardedasabreakthrough？A.Itintroducednewmedicationstopreventorganrejection.B.Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgansfromvariousanimals.C.Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonorpigsfortransplants.D.Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgansthroughgeneediting.解析D推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段中的"Inrecentyears，however，advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility：re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts."及最終一段"Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20％ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate"可推知，Bennett的手術(shù)被認(rèn)為是一個突破，因?yàn)樗?yīng)了通過基因編輯替代器官的前景，故選D。二、完形填空[奮斗精神/2024重慶巴蜀中學(xué)高考適應(yīng)性考試]ShawnCheshirerodeacrossthecountryonherbicycle，dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway.Cheshirelosther1afteranaccidentyearsagoandturnedto2becauseshebelievedsportsandphysicalchallengesgaveher"anotheropportunityof3".ThroughafriendshipwithCrandall，shehas4bicyclingtoheractivities，travelingacrossthecountry，meetingandinspiringpeopleallalongtheway.ToCrandall，teachingandguidingareabouthelpingothersthrough5."Formanystudents，chemistryissomethingtheyhavenoexperiencewith，"Crandallsaid."So，whenI’mteaching，ithelpstothinkaboutmyexperiences6myblindfriendCheshire.ThenItrytalkingaboutthelessoninalanguagethat，7，everybodycanunderstand."CrandallandCheshirehavebeenskiing，climbingandbicyclingtogetherforthepastdecade.In2024，the8facedthesteepterrainoftheGrandCanyon，completinga9hikinginjustover24hours.Astheywalked42milesthroughthenight，Cheshire10warningsofdangersfromCrandall，aswellasthenoiseofthebellhewore，which11astheyadvanced.In2024，Cheshire12anotherworldrecordbyridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean.Whiletheirnextadventureremainsuncertain，Crandallknowsthatthereareno13withCheshire.TheyhavediscussedskiingacrossAntarcticaasapotentialfutureendeavor.Their14andshareddeterminationwillcontinuetomotivateotherstoovercomesetbacksand15boundaries.本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是ShawnCheshire失明后在化學(xué)教授的指導(dǎo)和陪伴下一起滑雪、登山和騎自行車，突破自身極限的勵志故事。1.A.hearing B.sightC.balance D.mind解析B由第6空后的"myblindfriendCheshire"可知，她是失明白，loseone’ssight意為"失明"，故選B。2.A.religion B.natureC.athletics D.art解析C由"sportsandphysicalchallenges"可知，她在失明后起先進(jìn)行體育活動，故選C。3.A.living B.winningC.learning D.testing解析A由"travelingacrossthecountry，meetingandinspiringpeopleallalongtheway"可知，她覺得運(yùn)動可以給她另一種生活的機(jī)會，故選A。4.A.introduced B.adaptedC.added D.applied解析C由"toheractivities"和下文中的"bicyclingtogether"可知，她起先騎行，也就是把騎自行車加入到她的活動中，add...to...意為"把……加入到……中"，故選C。5.A.disasters B.obstaclesC.delays D.injuries解析B對Crandall來說，教學(xué)和指導(dǎo)與幫助他人克服障礙有關(guān)。disaster災(zāi)難，obstacle障礙，delay推遲，injury傷。B項(xiàng)切題。6.A.interviewing B.evaluatingC.following D.coaching解析D由第一段中的"dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway"可知，Crandall指導(dǎo)盲人摯友Cheshire，故選D。interview采訪；evaluate評價；follow跟隨；coach訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)。7.A.theoretically B.unexpectedlyC.occasionally D.hopefully解析D句意：然后我試著用一種每個人都有望理解的語言來講解并描述這堂課。theoretically理論上，unexpectedly出乎意料地，occasionally間或，hopefully有希望地。故選D。8.A.pair B.familyC.community D.army解析A句意：2024年，兩人面對科羅拉多大峽谷陡峭的地形，在24小時內(nèi)完成了一次具有挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步旅行。Crandall和Cheshire是兩個人，故選A。9.A.refreshing B.relaxingC.challenging D.tragic解析C由"thesteepterrainoftheGrandCanyon"可知，大峽谷地形陡峭，所以這是一次有挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步旅行，故選C。refreshing使人激揚(yáng)的，relaxing令人放松的，challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，tragic凄慘的。10.A.caredabout B.listenedforC.preparedfor D.respondedto解析B句意：他們在夜間走了42英里，Cheshire一邊聽著Crandall發(fā)出的緊急警告，一邊聽著他戴的鈴鐺發(fā)出的聲音，鈴鐺隨著他們的前進(jìn)作響。careabout關(guān)切，listenfor傾聽，preparefor為……做打算，respondto回答。故選B。11.A.broke B.fellC.shone D.sounded解析D參見上題解析。sound發(fā)出聲音。12.A.set B.monitoredC.funded D.issued解析A由"byridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean"可知，Cheshire自己騎自行車從太平洋到大西洋，這是一項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄，所以她是創(chuàng)下了這項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄，setarecord意為"創(chuàng)建紀(jì)錄"，故選A。13.A.secrets B.promisesC.limits D.choices解析C由上文"Cheshire12anotherworldrecordbyridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean"可知，Cheshire雖然失明，但是卻能創(chuàng)建這樣的紀(jì)錄，所以Crandall覺得Cheshire的實(shí)力是沒有極限的，故選C。14.A.bond B.encouragementC.techniques D.preferences解析14.A由第一段中的"ShawnCheshirerodeacrossthecountryonherbicycle，dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway"可知，ShawnCheshire由化學(xué)教授JesseCrandall指導(dǎo)，騎著自行車橫穿全國，所以他們兩個的關(guān)系是很緊密的，此處表示"他們的關(guān)系"，故選A。bond關(guān)系，encouragement激勵，technique技巧，preference偏愛。15.A.establish B.pushC.respect D.maintain解析15.B由"overcomesetbacks"和"boundaries"可知，此處表示克服挫折，突破界限，pushboundaries意為"突破界限"，故選B。三、語法填空[中華文化/2024浙江強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟10月統(tǒng)測]AncientChinesehealingmethods1（spread）alongtheSilkRoadforovertwomillennia，buttheBeltandRoadInitiative（BRI）hasfurtherboostedtheinternationalizationofthetraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）.Currentlycelebratingits10thanniversary，theBRI，2aimsaretobetterconnecttheworldandexpandcommonprosperity，hasbroughtthehealingpowersofTCM3morecountriesandregions，bridgingdifferentculturesandpromotinginternationalcooperation.InBudapest，theTraditionalChineseMedicineCenterofHungary（QihuangCenter）provides4rayofhopeforpatientsseekingrelieffromvarioushealthissues.OnesuchpatientisJozsefFrenyo，a78-year-old5（retire）teacherwhosuffersfromhearingimpairmentduetoaninflammation（