八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)提綱

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)期末總復(fù)習(xí)UnitOneHowoftendoyouexercise?howoften是問(wèn)頻率(多經(jīng)常),Everyday/Onceaweek/Twiceamonth/Threetimesamonth/Threeorfourtimesamonth.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?3.What’syourfavoriteprogram?It’sAnimalWorld.5.Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.asfor...意思是“至于；關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語(yǔ)，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（即動(dòng)名詞）。如：Asforhim，Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見(jiàn)到。Asforthestory，you'dbetternotbelieveit.關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。6.Theresultsfor“watchTV”areinteresting.7.wanttodosth.意思是“想要做某事”；wantsb.todosth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？Theteacherdoesn'twantustoeathamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。8.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.→begoodfor...表示“對(duì)……有益（有好處）”。其反義為：bebadfor...。（這里for是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）如：It'sgoodforustodomorereading.Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.9.Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?11.Myeatinghabitsareprettygood.這里pretty相當(dāng)于very。12.Itrytoeatalotofvegetables,usuallytentoeleventimesaweek.→trytodosth.表示“盡力做某事”，不包含是否成功的意思/trydoingsth.表示“（用某一辦法）試著去做某事”。如:You’dbettertrydoingtheexperimentinanotherway.你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。13.Myhealthylifestylehelpsmegetgoodgrades.→helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事14.Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.→helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事/這里better是well的比較級(jí)，而不是good的比較級(jí)helpsbwithsth15.Isherlifestylethesameasyoursordifferent?＝Isherlifestylethesameasyourlifestyleorisherlifestyledifferentfromyourlifestyle?→bethesameas…/bedifferentfrom…16.IthinkI’mkindofunhealthy.kindof=alittle/akindof意思是“一種”18.keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthy20.Thatsoundsinteresting.這是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)），look（看起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），feel（覺(jué)得），seem（好象），grow（變得）,get（變得）等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如：Ittastesgood.Themusicsoundsverysweet.Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.UnitTwo1.What’sthematter?What’sthematerwithyou?with為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。人稱(chēng)代詞必須用它的賓格=What'swrongwithyou?Ihaveacold/haveasoreback/haveastomachache2.Youshouldliedownandrest/drinkhotteawithhoney/seeadentist/seeadoctor.3.I’mnotfellingwell.這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替4.Whendiditstart?Abouttwodaysago.6.Ihopeyoufellbettersoon.這里better是well的比較級(jí)8.toomuch后跟不可數(shù)名詞，而toomany后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)9.It’seasytodosth.做某事容易/It’simportanttoforsbdosth.做某事重要10.Everyonegetstiredsometimes.這里get連系動(dòng)詞，tired是形容詞作表語(yǔ)，屬系表結(jié)構(gòu)13.Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.→need意思為“需要”，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，否定式為don’t/doesn’t/didn’tneed(todosth.)；heneedstosleep.Hedoesn'tneedtosleep.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，否定式為needn’t(dosth.)，除有過(guò)去式外，沒(méi)有其它的形態(tài)變化Heneedsleep.Heneedn'tsleep.UnitThree1.Whatareyoudoingforvacation?I’mbabysittingmysister.3.Whenareyougoing?I’mgoingonMonday.4.Whatareyoudoingthere?I’mgoinghikinginthemountains.5.Howlongareyoustaying?Justforfourdays.Idon’tlikegoingawayfortoolong.疑問(wèn)詞hwolong是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)，在這里是對(duì)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。6.Haveagoodtime.=Enjoyoneself.玩得開(kāi)心、愉快=havefun7.Showmeyourphotoswhenwegetbacktoschool.→showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.10.CanIaskyousomequestionsaboutyourvacationplans?→asksb.sth.問(wèn)某人某事12.HethoughtaboutgoingtoGreeceorSpain,butdecidedonCanada.→thinkabout考慮/decideon決定這里的about和on都是介詞14.Heplanstohaveaveryrelaxingvacation.→plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事(planning/ed.16.Ijustfinishedmakingmylastmovies.→finishdoingsth.完成做某事17.IhearthatThailandisagoodplacetogosightseeing.togosightseeing是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作agoodplace的后置定語(yǔ)18.She’sleavingforHongKongonTuesday.→leaveAforB離開(kāi)A地去B地UnitFour1.Howdoyougettoschool?疑問(wèn)詞how在這里是對(duì)方式進(jìn)行提問(wèn)Iridemybike/walk/takethesubway.Bybike/bicycle/bus/train/subway/taxi/air/plane/ship/boat.Onfoot.2.Howlongdoesittake?疑問(wèn)詞howlong是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)Ittakesabout25minutestowalkand10minutesbybus.Ittakestwenty-fiveminutes.→takesb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間做某事3.LinFei’shomeisaboutKilometersfromschool.4.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?It’sthreemiles.Howfardoyoulivefromschool?Ilive10milesfromschool.疑問(wèn)詞howfar在這里是對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問(wèn)6.InChina,itdependsonwhereyouare.→dependon視……而定；決定于7.Thatmustbealotmorefunthantakingabus.8.InNorthAmerica,notallstudentstakethebustoschool.notall是部分否定10.Asmallnumberofstudentstakethesubway.→anumberof=many許多11.Whatdoyouthinkofthetransportationinyourtown?→thinkof對(duì)……有某種看法UnitFive1.Canyoucometomyparty?Sure,I’dlove(like)to./I’msorry,Ican’t.Ihavetohelpmyparents.Canyouplaytenniswithme?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can在這里起征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的作用。4.Maybeanothertime.5.Thanksforasking.for介詞，后跟名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞7.OnWednesday,I’mplayingtenniswiththeschoolteam.8.Ihavetostudyformysciencetest.haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀原因；而must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀原因11.LiLeiisgoingfishingwithgrandpathewholeday.thewholeday=allday整天UnitSix1.I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.→主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+形容詞比較級(jí)別+than+比較對(duì)象2.Asyoucansee,insomewayswelookthesame,andinsomewayswelookdifferent.4.LiuLihasmorethanonesister.morethan不止5.LiuLiandLiuYinghavesomethingsincommon.→incommon（團(tuán)體）共同的；6.LiuYingisnotasgoodatsportsashersister.as…as和……一樣（其中as…as之間的形容詞必須用原級(jí)）；它的否定式是：notas(so)…as7.LiuYingtalksmorethanLiuLi.這里more是much的比較級(jí)，而不是many的比較級(jí)10.Ithinkagoodfriendmakesmelaugh.→makesb.dosth.使某人做某事14.Shouldfriendsbedifferentorthesame?same前常有定冠詞the16.I’mquieterthanmostofthekidsinmyclass.19.Youmustbegoodwithchildren/enjoytellingjokes.→begoodwithsb.對(duì)某人好；與某人相處融洽/enjoydoing=likedoingsth.喜歡做某事20.Hecan’tstoptalking.→stopdoingsth.意為“停止（正在）做的事情”，doing在句中是stop的賓語(yǔ)。如：Whentheteachercamein,thestudentsstoppedtalkingandlaugh.老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)，學(xué)生們停止了談笑。/stoptodosth.意為“停下（正在做的事）去做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)todosth.在句中作動(dòng)詞stop的目的狀語(yǔ)。如：Hestoppedtowritealettertoher.他停下手邊的工作，給她寫(xiě)信。Reviewofunits1-61.beginwith以……開(kāi)始（注意：with是介詞）between…and在……和……之間5.Carrots,onionsandpeppersareallvegetables.→all用于三者或三者以上；both用于兩者。同時(shí)要注意它們?cè)诰渲械奈恢?，即位于連系動(dòng)詞（be），助動(dòng)詞（be,will,shall,should等），情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,may,must,haveto等）的后面；其它動(dòng)詞的前面。inone’sfreetime在空余時(shí)間下冊(cè)Unit1一般將來(lái)時(shí)1．定義：表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)2．肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+will/shall/begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形否定句式：主語(yǔ)+will/shall+not或benotgoingto+動(dòng)詞原形疑問(wèn)句：Will/Shall+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Be+主語(yǔ)+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形3．標(biāo)志詞(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))tomorrow,in2012,in+一段時(shí)間(inthreedays,infiveyears),nextmonth(week,year),lateron,tomorrowmorning等。*4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)come,go,fly,leave,arrive等短暫性動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)eg：WeareleavingforHongKongnextweek.Unit2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示建議、要求、可能和意愿等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原形，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would,need等。2.should的用法a.should作為助動(dòng)詞shall的過(guò)去式，可以在間接引語(yǔ)中與第一人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)搭配，表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間。b.should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，通常用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的責(zé)任或義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”，這時(shí)它可以和oughtto,besupposedto互換使用，可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could表示“建議”時(shí)不是can的過(guò)去式，而表示比can更加委婉的建議。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,shall,should還可以表示“請(qǐng)求，許可”。shall和should用于第一人稱(chēng)，表示征求對(duì)方的建議或意見(jiàn)。Unit3過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.（1）定義：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。（2）結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing（3）標(biāo)志詞：atthistimeyesterday,at8yesterdaymorning，有時(shí)與when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用等。（4）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：a.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。b.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2.when和while的用法（1）when一般指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用終止性動(dòng)詞，但也可以跟時(shí)間段，這時(shí)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。eg：WhenIarrivedthere,itwasraining.(2)while意為“正在……時(shí)”，表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是延續(xù)的，后面只能跟時(shí)間段，而不能用時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以while引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。eg：Thedogranoutwhileweweretalking.(3)when引導(dǎo)的從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作既可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生；而while強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Unit4直接引語(yǔ)、間接引語(yǔ)（1）陳述句用that連接，that可省略（2）一般疑問(wèn)句用if或whether引導(dǎo)（3）特殊疑問(wèn)句用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)Unit5條件狀語(yǔ)從句if一般主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Ifitrains,Iwon'tgoshopping.主句用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ifitrained,Iwouldn'tgoshopping*3.if與whether引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般可互換，但也有區(qū)別：（3）whether與ornot連用Unit6現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.定義：表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛開(kāi)始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來(lái)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞3.標(biāo)志詞：fortwoweeks,since2000,allthismorning,thesefewyears等。*4.since與for用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別：since用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間，所以后跟表示某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞性短語(yǔ)for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間，所以后跟表示一段時(shí)間的名詞性短語(yǔ)5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別a.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成情況b.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性Unit8感嘆句what引導(dǎo)名詞，how引導(dǎo)形容詞或副詞。句式：What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！Unit9現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.用法：（1）在未指明具體時(shí)間的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞通?？梢员硎驹谡f(shuō)話(huà)之前已經(jīng)完成，而后果或影響至今仍存在的動(dòng)作。（2）開(kāi)始于過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在