Unit+2+Onwards+and+Upwards+Using+languageⅠP17 高二英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

新外研版選擇性必修Book1

Unit2Onwards&upwardsUsinglanguage

P17

LearningobjectivesTolearntheuseof-ingformasobjects

Tolearntheuseof-toinfinitivesasobjectsToknowthedifferencesbetween-ingformsand-toinfinitivesasobjectsToapplywhatyou’velearnedintheexercisesLead-inUnderlinethesentencesbelowinthereadingpassage.Weregrettoinformyou...Afteratotaloftwelverejections,onepublishereventuallyagreedtoprint500copiesofherfirstbook,...J.D.Salingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinhighschool,butlaterstruggledtogethisworkspublished.Despiterejectionsfromseveralpublishers,J.D.Salingerrefusedtogiveup.Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptrying.Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”Thesearethewordsthateverywriterdreadsreceiving,...PresentationReadthesentences.aJD.SalingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinschoolbJD.Salingerstartedtowriteshortstoriesinhighschool.eThesearethewordsthateverywriter

dreadsreceiving.cNevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstop

trying.dNevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptotry.1Dosentences(a)and(b)havethesamemeaning?

Yes,theydo.2Dosentences(c)and(d)havethesamemeaning?

No,theydon’t.3Can“receiving”insentence(e)bechangedinto“toreceive”?

No,itcan’t.Answerthequestions.Summary-ingandto-infinitive

asobject動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞均可在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)，但在使用過(guò)程中應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：??-ingform

是由動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)，它一方面保留著動(dòng)詞的某些特征，具有動(dòng)詞的某些變化形式，用以表達(dá)名詞所不能表達(dá)的較為復(fù)雜的意念，另一方面它在句子里的用法及功能與名詞類同：在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。-ingform的否定形式在前面之間加not,即not-ingform。Theyrunintoconstantdiscriminationintryingtofindajoborfriend.在尋找工作和結(jié)交朋友方面，他們不斷地受到歧視。Livingindigsmeanshavingoneroominsomeone’shouse.寄居的意思是在別人的家里借住一間房間。toinfinitive

動(dòng)詞不定式是指動(dòng)詞中的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數(shù)量、時(shí)態(tài)的一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，表示的意義多為“打算”“計(jì)劃”“希望”“將要做某事”等表示未來(lái)的或未做的事，而-ingform表示正在進(jìn)行，一般性或經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的行為。動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式在前面之間加not,即nottoinfinitive。Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司機(jī)沒(méi)能及時(shí)看見(jiàn)另一輛車。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。1.常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：agree,choose,decide,hope,fail,wish,refuse,expect,manage,plan,intend,pretend,promise,offer,afford,demand,arrange等。例如：Whatdidtheydecidetodo?Shefailedtocometoschoolyesterday.Ihopetobebacksoon.IamoutofworksoIcannotaffordtoliveinthisbigflat.2.常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：finish,enjoy,mind,keep,miss,avoid,consider,imagine,practise,delay,escape,excuse,allow,suggest等。例如：我們可以在下個(gè)月底之前建好這座橋。Wecanfinishbuildingthebridgebeforetheendofnextmonth.請(qǐng)您開(kāi)一下窗戶，好嗎？Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?3.兩者均可接的及物動(dòng)詞有：1)有些及物動(dòng)詞后既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),又可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，且兩者意義差別不大。這類詞有：

prefer,hate,begin,start,continue,cease,like等。離開(kāi)教室后，學(xué)生們開(kāi)始做作業(yè)。Aftertheteacherlefttheclassroom,thestudentsbegan

todo/doingtheirhomework.注意：但在下列情況下，宜用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而不用動(dòng)名詞。like,love,prefer,hate等與would或should連用時(shí)。如：

I’dprefertostayhometowatch.begin,start,continue等本身用進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)。如：Shewasstartingtodoherhomework.begin,start,cease,continue的主語(yǔ)是物而不是人時(shí)。如：Theiceceasedtomeltinwinter.3.兩者均可接的及物動(dòng)詞有：2)有些及物動(dòng)詞后既可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，又可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但兩者結(jié)構(gòu)意義不同。

①像remember,forget,regret這類詞；

remember,forget,regret+todoremember,forget,regret+doing表示該動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生表示該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生3.兩者均可接的及物動(dòng)詞有：meantodosth.打算（意圖）做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事can’thelptodosth.不能幫忙做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事goontodosth.接著做另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事

②有些及物動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)不

同，則意思差別很大。如：

3.兩者均可接的及物動(dòng)詞有：Yourhouseneedsrepairing.=Yourhouseneedstoberepaired.need,want,require等動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式和動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：stop之后的動(dòng)名詞為賓語(yǔ)，stop之后的動(dòng)詞不定式為目的狀語(yǔ)。如：Westopped

working.Westoppedtohavearest.Whenitbegantorain,westoppedworking

tohavearest.Ican’timagine_____thatwiththem.A.do

B.todoC.beingdone

D.doing隨堂隨練√解析：本題考查習(xí)慣用法：imaginedoingsth.意為“想象做某事”。動(dòng)名詞doing作imagine的賓語(yǔ)。答案選D。PracticeCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.

tolivetouseswimming/toswimswimmingtolearnpractisingplayingAttheageoften,LiuWeilostbothhisarmsinanaccident.Despitethis,hewanted______(live)lifetothefull.Helearnt______(use)hisfeetforeverydayactivities,suchaseatingandbrushinghisteeth.Healsostarted__________________(swim)andwontwogoldmedalsattheNationalGamesforPeoplewithDisabilities.Whenhehadtostop__________(swim)duetohealthproblems,hedecided__________(learn)howtoplaythepianowithhistoes.Itwasdifficult,buthekept__________(practise)untilhehadachievedhisgoal.In2010,hewoninChina’sGotTalentandbecamefamousnationwide.Today,LiuWeistillenjoys_______(play)music,andhispositiveattitudeisaninspirationtousall.tolivetouseswimming/toswimswimmingtolearnpractisingplayingProductionWriteareportbasedontheinterviewwiththewordsinthebox.admitdecideenjoyfailregretwantSure.IjoinedtheBoyScoutsbecauseIliketochallengemyself.Ialsoliketomeetnewfriends.Scoutcampwasfun,butnotwithoutitschallenges!Eachdaybeganwitha5-kilometercross-countryrun-at6am!AtfirstIcouldn'tfinishthewholeroute.Onthefourthday,IwassotiredthatIevendidn'twanttogetoutofbed.Ifelthomesickandalmostphonedmydadtotakemehome.ButIdidn'tgiveup.Thingssoongotbetter.IfeltIhadbecomestrongerandmoreconfidentandhadmadenewfriends.Eventhoughbeingascouthasitschallenges,Ifeelitisworthwhile.TheBoyScoutsofAmericaisanorganizationwhichhelpsyoungpeoplebuildcharacteranddeveloppersonalfitness.Todaywe'rewithScoutJamieWells.Hi,Jamie.Couldyoushareyourexperiencewithus?Shareastoryofyourownaboutovercomingchallengesusingthewordsandstructuresinthissectionwhereappropriate.Workinpairs:Thesuspect(嫌疑犯)atlastadmitted________(steal)thenecklace.Istillremember__________(take)toaconcertbyLiuDehuawhenIwasfive.Ifyoucankeep________(read)Englishnewspapers,yourEnglishwillbeimproved.Hehaspromised__