Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+Discovering+Useful+Structures 高一英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

限制性定語(yǔ)從句

Restrictiverelativeclauses由關(guān)系代詞that，which，who，whose，whom引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句指修飾名詞、代詞或名詞短語(yǔ)的從句，對(duì)所修飾對(duì)象加以限制，表示“......的（人）”或者“......的（物）”。從句不可以去掉，去掉主句意思不完整。被修飾的名詞、代詞或名詞短語(yǔ)叫做先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞被稱為關(guān)系詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞包括that,which,who，賓格whom，所有格為whose等，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why等。先行詞關(guān)系詞從句部分++二。定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成指代先行詞連接主句和從句在從句中充當(dāng)成分觀察句子1.Thebook

that/whichheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.他昨天買的那本書很有趣。2.Doyouknowtheboywhojustcamein?你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)剛剛進(jìn)來(lái)的男孩嗎?關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞替代指人或者物的先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)等成分。常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞由that，which，whose，whom，that。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞先行詞在從句所做的成分that人、物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)which物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)whom人賓語(yǔ)whose人、物定語(yǔ)Thenumberofpeoplecometovisitthiscityeachyear

reachesonemillion.關(guān)系代詞的用法。1.that既可指人指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(指人，作主語(yǔ))thatThisisthesuitcasesheislookingfor.（指物，作賓語(yǔ)）(that)2which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Theyignoredthedetails_________mightaccountfortheaccident.他們忽略了那些或許可以解釋事故發(fā)生原因的細(xì)節(jié)。2.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Theyignoredthedetailsmightaccountfortheaccident.他們忽略了那些或許可以解釋事故發(fā)生原因的細(xì)節(jié)。which(作主語(yǔ))定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞3.who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Yeareconcernedaboutpeople________havesufferedalotintheearthquake.

Dannywastheman__________werescuedfromtheruins.who(作主語(yǔ))(作賓語(yǔ))who4.whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可省略，也可用who代替。Roseistheperson_______________youshouldcareabout.羅絲是你應(yīng)該關(guān)心的人。5.whose既可指人也可指物，表“所屬”關(guān)系，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。Iknowtheperson__________housewastotallydestroyedintheearthquake.我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)人，他的房子在地震中被徹底推毀了。(who/whom)(作賓語(yǔ))whose(作定語(yǔ))關(guān)系代詞的選擇只能用that的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,anything,something,everything,nothing,little,none,few等不定代詞時(shí)Shetoldmeeverythingthatshenew.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)時(shí)ThisisthemostexcitingfootballgamethatIhaveseensofar.關(guān)系代詞的選擇只能用that的情況

3.當(dāng)先行詞指物且被all,no,few,any,little(少),some,much,last,only,very等修飾時(shí)I’vereadallthebooksthatwereborrowedfromothers.4.當(dāng)先行詞有人又有物時(shí)IcanrememberthepeopleandpicturesthatIsawintheroom.關(guān)系代詞的選擇只能用that的情況

5.當(dāng)主句是以who或者which開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。Whichofthebooksthatyouboughtisthemostusefulformywriting?關(guān)系代詞的選擇只能用which的情況1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)(逗號(hào)隔開從句)。Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isverypopularallovertheworld.2.在介詞提前的定語(yǔ)從句中。ThisisthehouseinwhichMoYanoncelived.這就是莫言曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子。關(guān)系代詞的選擇只能用which的情況3.先行詞本身是that

What’sthatwhichsmellsgood？定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致

一般情況下，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)一般與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。ThebooksthatweresoldoutintwoweekswereallwrittenbyTom.Ilikethepieceofmusic

whichwasplayedbyJenny.定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞怎么選

1.分清主句和從句

2.確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞人or物？有無(wú)特殊情

況?

3.把先行詞帶到從句中，看其做什么成分

先行詞-主語(yǔ)that，which，who

-賓語(yǔ)that，which，who，whom

-表語(yǔ)that

-定語(yǔ)whose

Drills1.TheTangshanearthquakeisaterribleexperience____________mygrandmacannotforget.2.Thecouple___________livenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.3.Thesupplies____________wereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.that/whichthat/who(that/which)4.Adoctorwith__________Jamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.5.Twothirdsofthepeople_________livedthereweredeadorinjured.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors___________homeshadbeendestroyed.7.Thenumberofthepeople___________werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethen400000.whomwho/thatwhosewho/that8.Thepalace______________Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentur