上海市控江中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題含解析

PAGE24-上海市控江中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）II.GrammarSectionADirections:BeneatheachoffollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentences.1._______thecomingtalentcompetition,hehasspentallhisfreetimemakingpreparation.A.Win B.Winning C.Havingwon D.Towin【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了贏得即將到來的才藝競(jìng)賽，他把全部的空閑時(shí)間都花在了打算上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知win在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，且本句中作目的狀語應(yīng)用不定式Towin。故選D。2.Inthemiddleofthelake_______ahugeisland,_______livesaphantom.A.lies,where B.locates,where C.stands,inwhich D.issituated,that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝句和定語從句。句意：湖中心有一個(gè)巨大的島嶼，里面住著一個(gè)幽靈。A.lies位于；B.locates使·····安置于；位于；C.stands位于（某處）；D.issituated；situate使位于。表示方位的介詞短語Inthemiddleofthelake位于句首，句子須要半倒裝。分析句子成分可知，分句“_______livesaphantom.”修飾前邊的名詞island，且有逗號(hào)，因此是非限制性定語從句，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，解除D；又因先行詞island在從句中作主語，where引導(dǎo)定語從句在從句中作狀語，也可用介詞in+which。故解除A，B。C項(xiàng)符合句意和語法。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】擔(dān)當(dāng)定語功能的句子稱為定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞等稱為先行詞，先行詞一般出現(xiàn)在定語從句之前。有時(shí)先行詞是整個(gè)句子。關(guān)系詞可以指代先行詞，因此在從句中不能再重復(fù)先行詞或指先行詞的代詞。關(guān)系副詞where在從句中指代地點(diǎn)，可以是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，也可以是表示模糊地點(diǎn)或抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。3._______ofcurrentnews,whetheritisdomesticsoroverseas,ishisdailyroutine.A.Beinginformed B.Informed C.Informing D.Havingbeeninformed【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：了解時(shí)事新聞，無論是國(guó)內(nèi)還是海外，都是他的日常工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知inform在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，且主句缺少主語，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，且此處表示被動(dòng)應(yīng)用beingdone形式。故選A。4.Manypeoplefeelnervous_______theyattendaconcert,soIrecommend_______thehallearlytohaveenoughtime_______yourselfcomfortable.A.atthefirsttime,arriving,tomake B.thefirsttime,toarrive,makingC.forthefirsttime,reaching,making D.thefirsttime,gettingto,tomake【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：很多人第一次參與音樂會(huì)時(shí)感到驚慌，所以我舉薦你早點(diǎn)到大廳有足夠時(shí)間讓你自己舒適一些。第一個(gè)空后面是從句要用連詞，thefirsttime引導(dǎo)狀語從句。其次個(gè)空recommend后面用動(dòng)名詞，第三個(gè)空考查有時(shí)間做某事havetimetodo。故選D。5._______hip-hopispopularwithyoungsters,I’mstillnotaccustomed_______it.A.As,toappreciating B.Although,toappreciateC.Eventhough,toappreciating D.While,toappreciate【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：即使嘻哈很受年輕人的歡迎，我仍舊不習(xí)慣不能觀賞它。第一個(gè)空是狀語從句。依據(jù)I’mstillnotaccustomed得知我不習(xí)慣嘻哈，即使它很流行。其次個(gè)空beaccustomedtodoing是固定短語，表示習(xí)慣于…，故選C。6.MotherTeresa_______greatcontributiontotheworldpeace,_______shewasawardedtheNobelPricein1979.A.mighthavemade,because B.musthavemade,forC.couldhavemake,since D.shouldhavemake,as【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及緣由狀語從句。句意：特蕾莎修女對(duì)世界和平確定做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)，因?yàn)樗?979年獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。分析句子，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone表示對(duì)過去的揣測(cè)。依據(jù)后句的“她獲得了1979年諾貝獎(jiǎng)”可以推想，特蕾莎修女對(duì)世界和平確定做了很多貢獻(xiàn)。musthavedone表示過去確定做了某事。A.mighthavemade可能已經(jīng)做了；C.couldhavemake原來能夠做；D.shouldhavemake本應(yīng)當(dāng)做卻……。分析句意，ACD皆不符合。另外依據(jù)“shewasawardedtheNobelPricein1979.”可知，其次空應(yīng)填表示“因?yàn)椤钡囊龑?dǎo)詞來引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句。綜合分析，故選B項(xiàng)。III.Vocabulary:Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.SamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835-April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMarkTwain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.TwaingrewupinHannibal,Missouri,whichprovidedthe___7___forHuckleberryFinnandTomSawyer.Afteranapprenticeshipwithaprinter,heworkedasatypesetterand___8___articlestothenewspaperofhisolderbrother,OrionClemens.HelaterbecameariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiverbeforeheadingwesttojoinOrioninNevada.Hereferredhumorouslytohissingularlackofsuccessatmining,turningtojournalismfortheVirginiaCityTerritorialEnterprise.In1865,his___9___storyTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasspentsometimeasaminer.Theshortstorybroughtinternationalattention,andwaseventranslatedinto___10___Greek.Hiswitandsatire,inproseandinspeech,earned___11___fromcriticsandpeers,andhewasafriendtopresidents,artists,industrialists,andEuropeanroyalty.ThoughTwainearnedagreatdealofmoneyfromhiswritingsandlectures,he___12___inventuresthatlostagreatdealofmoney,notablythePaigeCompositor,amechanicaltypesetter,whichfailedbecauseofits___13___andimprecision.Followingthesefinancialsetbacks,hefiledforprotectionfromhiscreditorsviabankruptcy,andwiththehelpofHenryHuttlestonRogers___14___overcamehisfinancialtroubles.Twainchosetopayallhispre-bankruptcycreditorsinfull,thoughhehadnolegalresponsibilitytodoso.Twainwasborn___15___afteravisitbyHalley’sComet,andhepredictedthathewouldgooutwithit,too.Hediedthedayafterthecometreturned.He____16____himselfasthe“greatestAmericanhumoristofhisage”,andWilliamFaulknercalledTwain“thefatherofAmericanliterature”.【答案】7.F8.B9.H10.G11.J12.A13.K14.I15.C16.E【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了馬克吐溫的生平歷史。【7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：吐溫在密蘇里州的漢尼拔長(zhǎng)大，那里是《哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》和《湯姆·索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》的發(fā)生地。分析句子，劃線前的定冠詞修飾名詞充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞provide的賓語。分析句意，馬克吐溫成長(zhǎng)的地方是后面兩部小說的發(fā)生地。故選F項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在印刷學(xué)徒期結(jié)束后，他當(dāng)了一名排字工，并為他的哥哥OrionClemens的報(bào)紙撰稿。分析句意，此處需填動(dòng)詞和and前面的動(dòng)詞work構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。依據(jù)劃線后提到了“報(bào)紙文章”可知，此處應(yīng)填“投稿”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：1865年，他的當(dāng)?shù)V工期間寫了幽默故事《卡拉韋拉斯的聞名跳蛙》。分析句子，此處需填入形容詞來修飾劃線后的名詞。在依據(jù)前句提到馬克吐溫是幽默小說家，故此處寫的應(yīng)是“幽默小說”。故選H項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這部短篇小說引起了國(guó)際上的關(guān)注，甚至被翻譯成古典希臘語。分析句子，劃線處需填入形容詞來修飾后面的“希臘語”。備選項(xiàng)中剩余D和G為形容詞。依據(jù)語義，此處表示“古典希臘語”。故選G項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他在散文和演講中的機(jī)靈和諷刺贏得了評(píng)論家和同行的贊揚(yáng)，他是總統(tǒng)、藝術(shù)家、實(shí)業(yè)家和歐洲皇室的摯友。分析句子，劃線部分應(yīng)填入名詞充當(dāng)動(dòng)詞earn的賓語。依據(jù)前文提到他的短篇小說引起了國(guó)際上的關(guān)注，同時(shí)劃線后還提到了他成為很多重要人物的摯友。故此處應(yīng)當(dāng)表示得到了很多人的贊揚(yáng)。故選J項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：雖然吐溫從寫作和演講中賺了很多錢，但他投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)卻損失了很多錢。分析句子，此處需填入動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)he的謂語。依據(jù)劃線后面提到的“損失很多錢”可知，這是因?yàn)椤巴顿Y”導(dǎo)致的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：但他投資的企業(yè)卻損失慘重，尤其是佩奇排字機(jī)，一種機(jī)械排字機(jī)，由于其困難性和不精確性而失敗。分析句子，此處需填入名詞和and后面的“不精確”構(gòu)成并列一同被its修飾。分析句意，投資佩奇排字機(jī)失敗的緣由是因?yàn)樗睦щy性和不精確性。故選K項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在這些財(cái)務(wù)挫折之后，他通過破產(chǎn)申請(qǐng)愛護(hù)債權(quán)人，在亨利·哈特爾斯頓·羅杰斯的幫助下，他最終克服了財(cái)務(wù)困難。分析句子，劃線前提到他破產(chǎn)了，劃線后一句提到他全額償付破產(chǎn)前的全部債權(quán)人。說明在摯友的幫助之下，他最終克服了財(cái)務(wù)困難。故選I項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：吐溫誕生在哈雷彗星造訪之后不久，他預(yù)言自己也會(huì)和哈雷彗星一起消逝。分析句子，劃線后提到的預(yù)言在下一次哈雷彗星再次到來的其次天就應(yīng)驗(yàn)了。由此可知，他是在哈雷彗星造訪之后不久誕生的。故選C項(xiàng)。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他自封為“當(dāng)時(shí)最宏大的美國(guó)幽默家”。分析句子，此處須要用動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)謂語。依據(jù)句意，馬克吐溫認(rèn)為自己是那個(gè)時(shí)代最宏大的美國(guó)幽默家。establishoneselfas譯為確立自己作為……。是固定搭配，故選E項(xiàng)。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ThefamousAmericaninventorThomasAlvaEdisononceclaimedthatgeniuswasonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration(汗水).Now,itseems,thereisscientificevidenceto___17___hisclaim.TheideathatgeniusessuchasShakespeare,Mozart,andPicassopossessedcertaininborntalentsisafalsebelief,accordingtoastudybyaBritishpsychologistandhiscolleagues.Afterexaminingoutstandingperformanceintheartsandsports,theseresearchersconcludedthat___18___isdeterminedbyopportunity,encouragement,training,motivation,self-confidence,and—mostimportantofall—___19___Evenpeoplewhowerenotthoughttobe___20___withanyspecialtalentcould,afterhavingreceivedtraining,reachlevels___21___consideredattainable(可獲得的)onlybygiftedindividuals.Talentisafalsebelief,anditistimethatpeoplegotridofit,theysaid.Thistheory—adramatic___22___withtraditionalbeliefs—hasbeen___23___byacademicsworldwide.Infact,studiesofaccomplishedartistsandmathematicians,andtoptennisplayersandswimmers,havereportedfewearlysignsof___24___inthesepeoplebeforeanyparentalencouragement.Nocasehasbeenfoundofanyonereachingthehighestlevelsofachievementwithout___25___himselforherselftothousandsofhoursofserioustraining.Eventhosewhoarebelievedtobeexceptionallytalented—whetherinmusic,mathematics,chess,orsports—haveneededlengthyperiodsofinstructionandpracticetoachievetheirhighestlevelofsuccess.Thepersistentfalsebeliefthatsomepeoplereachhighlevelsofperformancewithoutspendingnumeroushourspracticing_____26_____muchtothefactthattheirpracticeisusuallyoutsidethecasualobserver’sview,statedonescientist.Theimportanceofpracticehasbeennoticedinathletics.Forinstance,differencesinthecompositionofcertainmuscleswereoncethoughttobe_____27_____predictorsofathleticperformance.However,thedifferencesintheproportionofcertainmusclefibers(組織)thatare_____28_____forsuccessinlong-distancerunningarelargelytheresultofextendedpracticeinrunning.“Whatmakesageniusthen?”onemayask._____29_____,thereisnoclearanswer.Whatisknown,however,isthatnurtureisatleastasimportantasnature?_____30_____,asupportiveenvironmentwilldofarmoreforachild’sprospectsofsuccessthananyinborngifts.Thisisamessagethatmostofuswillfind_____31_____—evenifwehaven’twonthegenelottery,ourfateisstillinourownhands.17.A.make B.challenge C.support D.dismiss18A.excellence B.harmony C.negotiation D.response19.A.education B.practice C.fortune D.character20.A.satisfied B.concerned C.decorated D.gifted21.A.preciously B.practically C.previously D.primarily22.A.break B.association C.partnership D.relief23.A.doubted B.concluded C.mentioned D.applauded24.A.accomplishment B.treasure C.diligence D.inspiration25.A.adapting B.attaching C.linking D.devoting26.A.carries B.leaves C.owes D.connects27.A.creative B.reliable C.natural D.active28.A.essential B.suitable C.possible D.feasible29.A.Unlikely B.Similarly C.Hopefully D.Unfortunately30.A.Tosumup B.Inotherwords C.Forexample D.Inaddition31.A.misleading B.puzzling C.comforting D.amusing【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.D21.C22.A23.D24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章講解并描述了探討的新發(fā)覺：天賦不是勝利的唯一因素，通過不斷的強(qiáng)化練習(xí)也可以勝利?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，好像有科學(xué)證據(jù)支持他的說法。A.make使得，制造；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)C.support支持；D.dismiss解散，解雇。分析上下文，下文提到“莎士比亞、莫扎特和畢加索等天才具有天生才能的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤”。同時(shí)后文提到了通過“練習(xí)”可以實(shí)現(xiàn)某些成就。因此此處表示科學(xué)證據(jù)來“支持”他的說法。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在考察了在藝術(shù)和體育方面的杰出表現(xiàn)后，這些探討人員得出結(jié)論，優(yōu)秀是由機(jī)會(huì)、激勵(lì)、訓(xùn)練和動(dòng)機(jī)確定的。A.excellence優(yōu)秀；B.harmony和諧；C.negotiation談判；D.response響應(yīng)。分析上下文，劃線前提到是對(duì)藝術(shù)和體育方面的“杰出”表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行考查。故此處得出的結(jié)論也應(yīng)是“優(yōu)秀”由很多因素確定。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：卓越取決于機(jī)會(huì)、激勵(lì)、訓(xùn)練、動(dòng)力、自信，以及——最重要的——實(shí)踐。A.education教化；B.practice實(shí)踐；C.fortune運(yùn)氣，財(cái)寶；D.character性質(zhì)，品質(zhì)。分析上下文，前文提及“卓越取決于機(jī)會(huì)、激勵(lì)、訓(xùn)練、動(dòng)力、自信”可知，此處的“實(shí)踐”也是解除“天賦”成為優(yōu)秀的條件之一。同時(shí)此處也和倒數(shù)其次段倒數(shù)第一行的practice構(gòu)成呼應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：即使是那些被認(rèn)為沒有任何特別天賦的人，在經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練之后，也能達(dá)到以前認(rèn)為只有天才才能達(dá)到的水平。A.satisfied感到滿足的；B.concerned有關(guān)的；C.decorated裝飾的；D.gifted有天賦的。begiftedwith“有……的天賦”，是固定短語。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練之后，也能達(dá)到以前認(rèn)為只有天才才能達(dá)到水平。A.preciously寶貴地；B.practically實(shí)際地C.previously以前，從前；D.primarily首先，主要地。分析上下文，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練后，被認(rèn)為沒有任何天賦的人也能獲得一些之前認(rèn)為的只有那些天才才能獲得的成就。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這一理論——對(duì)傳統(tǒng)信仰的戲劇性突破——得到了全世界學(xué)術(shù)界的贊譽(yù)。A.break突破；B.association協(xié)會(huì)，聯(lián)盟；C.partnership合伙；D.relief減輕，接觸。分析上下文可知，探討者的這一觀點(diǎn)是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的看法的突破。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一理論——對(duì)傳統(tǒng)信仰的戲劇性突破——得到了全世界學(xué)術(shù)界的贊譽(yù)。A.doubted懷疑；B.concluded結(jié)論；C.mentioned提及；D.applauded贊同。分析上下文，依據(jù)后文的對(duì)藝術(shù)家，數(shù)學(xué)家，運(yùn)動(dòng)員的舉例可知，就是為了說明這一理論得到了很多人包括全世界學(xué)術(shù)界的認(rèn)可。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，對(duì)有成就的藝術(shù)家、數(shù)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員和游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員的探討表明，在父母的激勵(lì)之前，這些人幾乎沒有取得成就的早期跡象。A.accomplishment成就；B.treasure財(cái)寶；C.diligence勤奮；D.inspiration靈感，啟發(fā)。分析上下文，劃線前提到“有成就的藝術(shù)家、數(shù)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員和游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員”，所以此處是把后來的成就和早期進(jìn)行對(duì)比。認(rèn)為在父母激勵(lì)之前，他們沒有取得成就的早期現(xiàn)象。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有發(fā)覺任何人在不投入數(shù)千小時(shí)的細(xì)致訓(xùn)練的狀況下就能達(dá)到最高成就的案例。A.adapting改編，適應(yīng)；B.attaching附上，依戀；C.linking聯(lián)系，相關(guān)聯(lián)；D.devoting致力于。Devote…to“投身于，致力于”，是固定短語。分析上下文，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是必需將自己投身于訓(xùn)練中才有可能勝利。后句通過舉例在音樂、數(shù)學(xué)、國(guó)際象棋或體育方面極具天賦的人的例子來佐證這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一名科學(xué)家說，人們始終錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為，有些人不須要花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間練習(xí)就能達(dá)到高水平的表現(xiàn)，這很大程度上是因?yàn)樗麄兊木毩?xí)通常不在一般視察者的視野之內(nèi)。A.carries攜帶；B.leaves離開；C.owes把……歸功于；D.connects連接，聯(lián)合。owe…to“將……歸咎于”，是固定短語。分析句意，此處表達(dá)的是，可以將很多人的誤會(huì)歸咎于天才們的練習(xí)一般視察者的視野之內(nèi)。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，某些肌肉組成的差異曾被認(rèn)為是運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)的牢靠預(yù)料因素。A.creative有創(chuàng)意的；B.reliable牢靠的；C.natural自然的；D.active活躍的。分析上下文，句中的“某些肌肉組成的差異”指的就是所謂的“天賦”。前文提到“天賦”是勝利的關(guān)鍵因素。故此處認(rèn)為某些肌肉組成的差異是運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)的牢靠因素。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，某些對(duì)長(zhǎng)跑勝利至關(guān)重要的肌肉纖維所占比例的差異，很大程度上是長(zhǎng)期跑步練習(xí)的結(jié)果。A.essential重要的；B.suitable適合的；C.possible可能的；D.feasible可行的，可能的。分析上下文，該段第一句話提到“在田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)中，練習(xí)的重要性已經(jīng)得到了重視”。此處呼應(yīng)上文，此處表示長(zhǎng)期跑步練習(xí)是勝利的關(guān)鍵。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“那么是什么造就了天才呢？”有人可能會(huì)問。不幸的是，沒有明確的答案。A.Unlikely未必；B.Similarly類似地；C.Hopefully有希望地D.Unfortunately不幸地。分析上下文，前面提出一個(gè)問題，后面卻表示沒有明確的答案，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示“不幸地”。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：換句話說，對(duì)一個(gè)孩子的勝利前景來說，一個(gè)支持性的環(huán)境比任何天生的天賦都更有幫助。A.Tosumup總之；B.Inotherwords換言之；C.Forexample例如；D.Inaddition另外，此外。分析上下文，前句提到“然而，我們所知道的是，教養(yǎng)至少和天性同等重要”，而空后的內(nèi)容和前句表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思，是對(duì)前句進(jìn)行解讀。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)讓我們大多數(shù)人感到欣慰的消息——即使我們沒有贏得基因彩票，我們的命運(yùn)仍舊駕馭在我們自己的手中。A.misleading誤導(dǎo)的；B.puzzling令人費(fèi)解的；C.comforting令人欣慰的；D.amusing好玩的。分析上下文，依據(jù)破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容，盡管我們確定不了基因但是我們的命運(yùn)還是在我們手中，所以這是令人欣慰的消息。故選C項(xiàng)。PartTwoV.GrammarSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenworldstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Havingnothingtowriteaboutis,perhaps,thegreatestfearofastudentabouttobeginanessayforanIELTSorTOEFLtest.However,criticalthinkingisn’tsuchadifficultskilltomaster.Infact,manyofyouwillhavealreadyusedthisvaluableskillinyourlife.Supposeoneofyourfriendsrecommendsamoviebysaying,“It’sareallywonderfulmovieanddefinitelyworth___32___(watch).”,Insteadofsimplytakingtherecommendation,youmayaskthequestion“Whyisitwonderful?”Bydoingthisyouarethinkingcritically.Amoreprofessionaltermtodefinethisprocess___33___(call)identifyingambiguity,whichisregardedasthekeystageinthinkingcritically.Let’slookatfollowingexamplesfromIELTSWritingTask.DetaileddescriptionofcrimesonnewspaperandTVhaveconsequenceforsociety,sothiskindofinformationshouldberestrictedinthemedia.Towhatextenddoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement.Tothinkcritically,thefistthing___34___(consider)isn’twhetheryouagreeornot.Youshouldinsteadtrytoclarifythewords“detaileddescriptionofcrimes”byaskingyourself___35___thesedetailsmightbe.Thenyoushouldcomeupwithalistlikethis:1.Investigatingthetargetvictimbeforethecrime2.Measurestoavoid___36___(track)bythepolice3.Bloodycrimescenes..Afterthat,itwon’tbehardforustogroupsthesedetails,leadingeventuallytotwoparagraphs:somedisclosureofinformationmayallowpeopletoprotectthemselvesfromcrime.However,itisnotappropriateformanyotherdetails___37___(release)tothegeneralpublic.Practiceidentifyingambiguitywhenyouwritetheessay.Yourworkwilldefinitelyleaveagoodimpressiononyourteachers.【答案】32.watching33.calls34.toconsider35.what36.beingtracked37.tobereleased【解析】本文是說明文。介紹了在雅思和托?？荚囍邢胍獙懽髅摲f而出的批判性思維寫作技能?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這是一部很棒的電影，確定值得觀看。固定短語“值得一看”beworthdoing，故填watching?！?3題詳解】考查主謂一樣和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：一個(gè)更專業(yè)定義這個(gè)過程的叫歧義識(shí)別，這是思維批判的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。主語是Amoreprofessionalterm。句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填calls?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：批判性思維，第一步不是你是否同意。thefirstthing序數(shù)詞后用不定式作定語。故填toconsider?！?5題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：通過問自己細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)可能有哪些，你應(yīng)當(dāng)試著澄清“犯罪的具體描述”這些詞。動(dòng)詞ask后面是賓語從句，be缺少表語，用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填what?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：避開被警察追蹤的措施。avoiddoing表示避開。被警察追蹤，表示被動(dòng)，要用beingdone。故填beingtracked?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：然而太多細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)公開給大眾是不合適的。Itis形容詞forsomebodytodo。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)和公開是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。用tobedone。故填tobereleased。VI.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(A)Mikefrownedathiscalendarandthenpickeduphisguitar.Hisbandhadbeentogetherforfivemonths.Everyonesaidtheywerefantasticbuttheystillhadnotbeenblessedwithapayingjob.Thethreeguyshadbecomeacquaintedinbandclass,andorganizingagrouphadbeenMike’sidea.Mikeplayedtheguitarandactedasleader.JohnwasondrumsandJameswasonthesaxophone.ThethreegottogetherjustforfunandnamedtheirgroupPlayday.Butwhensomefanspraisedtheirtalent,theydecidedtoturnfunintoprofit.Tomakethemselvesknown,Playdayvolunteeredtoentertainatparties.Theyplayedforfreeatschoolget-togethers.Mikelovedtheapplause!Hefeltlikeasuperstar.Theypracticedhardanddiscussedyoungmusicianswhohadvaultedintoprominence.“TheJacksonFivewerekids,”Johnsaid.“Michaelshottofamelikearocket!”Heexclaimed.“Wecandoit!”Mikeencouragedthegroup.AftermonthsofkeepingSpiritshigh,Mikewastired.Theyhaven’tseenevenacent.Letalonemakingakilling.Everyonewasinlowspirits.Theydecidedtobreakupafteronefinalvolunteerjob.Thenextday,theyweretoperformforpatientsattheChildren’sHospitalwhereMike’smotherworkedasanurse.Thenextdaythethreeyoungguyssetupinthehospitallobby,andthenursesbroughtintheaudience.AsPlaydaybeganitsnumber,Mikecouldfeeltheirlackofspirit.ThenMikespottedonepatientsittinglimplyinherwheelchair.Herexpressionwasvacant,butwhenmusicfilledtheroom,thisragdollcametolife.Shesatupstraight,andthelightthatshoneinhereyeslightedupsomethinginMike.Hefeltthethrillhe’dbeenmissing.AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.Soon,Playdaywasrockingasneverbefore.Aftertheperformance,thethreeguysspenttimewiththepatients.Mikespoketothegirlwhohadencouragedhimtoplaysowell.“Wouldn’titfeelgreattoberichandfamous?”sheasked,eyesstillbright.“Willyoubearockstar?”“Probablynot,”Mikeanswered.“ButI’llnevergiveupmymusic.Ifeltlikethebigtimeplayingforyou!”38.Theunderlinedphrase“hadvaultedintoprominence”mostlikelymeans.A.hadgrownintoadults B.hadmadeapromiseC.hadplayedTheJacksonFive D.hadbecomesuccessful39.ThemembersofPlayboyweretiredanddepressedbecausethey_______.A.hadnoofferofapayingperformance B.competedcruellywithotherbandsC.calledanendtotheband D.performedattheChildren'sHospital40.WhileperformingattheChildren'sHospital,Mikebecameinspiredbecause_______.A.hisguitarcaughtfire B.agirltookhimasarockstarC.apatientwasmuchcheeredup D.atoydollsuddenlybecamealive41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Mike,JohnandJamesgottoknoweachotherastheywererelatives.B.Theyplannedtomakemoneywhentheyhadabigfanbase.CTheirwonderfulperformanceatChildren’sHospitalcuredthegirlofherdisease.D.Mikefoundouttheenjoymentofvolunteerperformanceafterplayingatthehospital.【答案】38.D39.A40.C41.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了Mike，John和James組成的樂隊(duì)Playday，始終沒有得到有薪水的工作，最終他們?cè)谝淮吾t(yī)院的志愿表演活動(dòng)中找到了志愿者表演樂趣的故事?！?8題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段中“TheJacksonFivewerekids,”Johnsaid.“Michaelshottofamelikearocket!”可知，“TheJacksonFive還是孩子，”John說?！癕ichael像火箭一樣一夜成名！”由此可知，他們刻苦練習(xí)，探討那些已經(jīng)獲得了勝利的年輕音樂家們，如TheJacksonFive。劃線短語意思為“已經(jīng)勝利”。故選D?！?9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中Theyhaven’tseenevenacent.Letalonemakingakilling.Everyonewasinlowspirits.可知，他們一分錢都沒見過，更不用說大賺一筆了。每個(gè)人都心情低落。由此可知，Playday的成員們又累又懊喪是因?yàn)樗麄冄莩鰶]有獲得酬勞。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Shesatupstraight,andthelightthatshoneinhereyeslightedupsomethinginMike.Hefeltthethrillhe’dbeenmissing.AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.可知，她坐直了身子，她眼中的光線照亮了邁克身上的某種東西。他感到了他始終在惦念的那種興奮。Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John獲得了能量。由此可知，在兒童醫(yī)院的表演讓一位病人很興奮，這讓Mike受到了鼓舞。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.Soon,Playdaywasrockingasneverbefore.可知，Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John獲得了能量。很快，Playday就變得前所未有的喧鬧起來。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“Mike在醫(yī)院演奏后發(fā)覺了志愿者表演的樂趣”正確。故選D。(B)StephenGlennisafamousAmericanresearchscientistwhohasmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs.Manypeopleweredyingtoknowthesecretstohisfantasticachievements.Torevealthemystery,anewspaperreporterinterviewedhimaskingwhyhewasabletobesomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?Havingassumedtohearwordinglikeinnatecuriosityforscienceorhardwork,thereporterwassurprisedtohavehimrespondthat,inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasaboutfouryearsold.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkformtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor,arealseaofmilk!Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofshoutingathim,givinghimalectureorchastisinghim,shesaid.“Stephen,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepondofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendoneWouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?”Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Youknow,Stephen.wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupandrestoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge,atoweloramop.Whichdoyouprefer?”Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandtillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifbegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderfullesson!Thisrenownedscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperimentdoesn'twork,weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.Wouldn‘titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayStephen'smotherrespondedtohim?42.Accordingtothepassage,anewspaperinterviewedStephenGlenninorderto_______.A.persuadehimtotreatsomedyingpatients B.findouthisdifferenceswithordinarypeopleC.hearabouthisopinionsaboutmedicalscience D.knowaboutwhyhewassosuccessful43.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“chastising”means_______.Apursuing B.punishing C.praising D.educating44.WhatordinarymotherscanlearnfromStephen'smotheristhat_______.A.neverputmilkbottlewherelittlekidscangetholdofB.appreciationofkids’behavioursisimportanttotheirgrowthC.mothersshouldteachkidstolearnfromtheirownmistakesD.kidsshouldlearntobecomescientistsfromchildhood.【答案】42.D43.B44.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。StephenGlenn是美國(guó)聞名的探討科學(xué)家，一次一個(gè)記者去采訪他如此勝利的緣由，他講解并描述了一個(gè)自己小時(shí)候打翻牛奶，母親沒有責(zé)怪他，而是教會(huì)了他從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)的故事。啟示其他的父母也應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)Stephen的母親，如此來教化自己的孩子。【42題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Torevealthemystery,anewspaperreporterinterviewedhimaskingwhyhewasabletobesomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?可知為了揭開謎底，一位報(bào)紙記者采訪了他，問他為什么比一般人有那么多的創(chuàng)建力。是什么使他與別人如此不同？由此可知，一家報(bào)紙采訪StephenGlenn是為了去了解他如此勝利的緣由。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。結(jié)合上文Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofshoutingathim,givinghimalectureor可知當(dāng)他的母親來到廚房，不是對(duì)他大喊大叫、教訓(xùn)他或懲處他。由此可知，Stephen打翻了牛奶，他的母親來到廚房卻并沒有對(duì)他大喊大叫、教訓(xùn)他或懲處他，故劃線單詞“chastising”的意思為“懲處”。A.pursuing追求；B.punishing懲處；C.praising贊美；D.educating教化。故選B。【44題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Thisrenownedscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.可知這位聞名的科學(xué)家說，從那一刻起，他知道他不必膽怯 犯錯(cuò)誤。相反，他相識(shí)到錯(cuò)誤只是學(xué)習(xí)新東西的機(jī)會(huì)，而這正是科學(xué)試驗(yàn)的意義所在。以及最終一段Wouldn‘titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayStephen'smotherrespondedtohim?可知假如全部的父母都能像Stephen的母親對(duì)待Stephen一樣對(duì)待自己的孩子，那豈不是很棒？由此可推知，一般母親能從史蒂夫的母親身上學(xué)到的是，母親應(yīng)當(dāng)教孩子從自己的錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。（C）IsthereanyevidencethatthestandardofEnglishasaforeignlanguagehasimprovedintheyearssincetheSecondWorldWar?Naturally,asitistheworldlanguage,moreandmerepeoplearetaughtitanduseit.Butdotheyspeakitorwriteitorunderstanditbetterthantheirpatents’orgrandparents’generations?Havestandardsdeclined?Thereisnoobjectivewayofansweringthisquestion.Testsofthetraditionalsort—compositions,preciswriting,andsoon—havealwaysbeensubjective,sotheycannotbeusedtojudgewhetherpeoplehavegotbetterornotovertheyears.Butso-calledobjectivetestsareuselessasameasureofprogresstoo.Theyhavenotbeenusedconsistently(一貫的)inthesame“concentration”overtheperiodtheyhavebeeninuse,sothereisnowayofcomparingexams“now”and“then”.Moreover,usuallyintheformofmultiplechoicequestions,theydonot,byandlarge,testthethingsthatreallycountinmasteringalanguage.Evencomprehensionisapartly“creative”activityinreallife,aswehavetothinkofpossiblemeaningsforourselvesratherthanhavethemsuggestedforusfromoutside.Andpeoplecanbetrainedinthetechniquesofmultiplechoice,whileothersfailthetestsbecausetheyhavebeenledastray(離開正道)preciselybytheir“suggestive”nature,sotheyarenotreallyobjectiveatall.Weareleftwithonlypersonalimpressiontogoon.Myownisthat,ifanything,standardshavedeclinedsomewhatinthelastthirtyorfortyyears,despiteallthenewtheories,toolsandtechniquesthathavebeendeveloped.Iamnotaloneinthisjudgment.InSweden,forinstance,ProfessorsJohannesHedbergandGustavKorlen,twoofthemostexperiencedworkersinthefield;haveonseveraloccasionsdrawnattentiontothelackofprogressintheteachingofforeignlanguagessincethelatefifties.YetSwedenisasophisticated(先進(jìn)的)societywithextremelyhigheducationalandacademicstandards,andveryconcernednottobecutofffromtherestoftheworld.Ifsuchacountrycannotachieveadvancesinthestudyofforeignlanguages,itisunlikelythatmany,ifany,othershavedoneso.JapanisanothercommunitywhereremarkablylittleprogresshasbeenmadeinthelearningofEnglish.ItisprobablyasimportantforJapanasforSwedentomasterthatlanguage,andthereismuchacademiceffortputintolinguistic(語言學(xué)的)researchofvariouskinds.Yettheaveragestandardoflanguagelearningisabysmallylow,particularlyforsuchahighlyliterateandeducatedsociety.Thisisnodoubtinparttheresultofaviciouscircle(惡性循環(huán)):manyoftheprofessorsofEnglishatJapaneseuniversitiesarethemselvesincapableofspeakingorwritingorevenunderstandingthelanguagewell.45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?AMultiplechoicequestionsareobjectivebecausepeoplecannotbetrainedanytechniques.B.SwedenemphasizestheteachingofEnglishwithoutpayingattentiontoothercountries.C.WehavetodependonourownimpressiontojudgetheEnglishstandards.D.Compositionsareusefultotestpeople’sEnglishabilitybecausepeoplehavetowriteouttheirviewpoints.46.Theso-calledobjectivetestscanno