小升初語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)+練習(xí)題之句子-基礎(chǔ)篇（含答案）-38943580

小升初語法-句子（基礎(chǔ)篇）考點(diǎn)一、陳述句陳述句是悅明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述說話人的看法的句子。它分為肯定陳述句和否定陳述句兩類。陳述句一般用降調(diào)，句末有句號(hào)。陳述句的肯定形式（1）主語+be動(dòng)詞+其他如:Wearegoodfriends.我們是好朋友.主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其他如:WemuststudyEnglish.我們必須學(xué)習(xí)英語。（3）主語+行為動(dòng)詞+其他如:HeoftencleanstheroomonSundays.他星期天經(jīng)常打掃屋子。陳述句的否定形式（1）主語+be動(dòng)詞+not+其他如:Wearenotinthesameclass.我們不在同一個(gè)班。主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他如:Weshouldn'tplayatthecrossings.我們不能在十字路口玩耍。主語+don't/doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其他如:Hedoesn'tlikegreen.他不喜歡綠色。（5）有些否定形式的陳述句是用no,nothing,nobody等表示否定含義的詞構(gòu)成的。如:Nobodycanhelpyou.沒有人能夠幫你?？键c(diǎn)二、疑問句疑問句用來提問。它分為一般疑問句、待殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反義疑問句。一般疑問句一般疑問句是用Yes或No來回答的句子，句尾用升調(diào)。如:-AreyouBetty?你是貝蒂嗎?-No,I'mnot.不，我不是.-Canyouswim?你會(huì)游泳嗎?-Yes,Ican.是的，我會(huì)。-DoyoulikeChina?你喜歡中國(guó)嗎?-Yes,Ido.是的，我喜歡。-Doeshecomeearly?他來得早嗎?-Yes,hedoes.是的，他會(huì)。特殊疑問句特殊疑問句是由疑問代詞（whatwhosewho.which）和疑問副詞（when,where.how）+一般疑問句構(gòu)成，語調(diào)為降調(diào)。如:-Whatdoyoudo?你是做什么工作的?-I'mateacher.我是一名老師。Whosebikeisit?這是誰的自行車?選擇疑問句選擇疑問句是由“一般疑問句或特殊疑問句+選擇的部分”構(gòu)成的問句，由or連接選擇對(duì)象，選擇疑問句不能用yes和no回答，語調(diào)在or前是升調(diào)，or后是降調(diào)。如:Isheafiremanorapostman?他是消防員還是郵道員?Doyoulikeartormusic?你喜歡美術(shù)還是音樂?-Whatcolourdoyoulike,pinkorred?你喜歡什么顏色,粉紅色還是紅色?-Ilikered.我喜歡紅色。反義疑問句反義疑問句由“肯定陳述句+否定結(jié)構(gòu)的附加簡(jiǎn)短問句”或“否定陳述句+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)的附加簡(jiǎn)短問句”構(gòu)成，在朗讀時(shí)，陳述句用降調(diào)，附加的簡(jiǎn)短向句在表示疑問時(shí)用升調(diào)，在表示肯定或強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)用降調(diào)。如:Chengduisabeautifulcity,isn'tit?成都是個(gè)美麗的城市,不是嗎?Youcan'tspeakEnglish,canyou?你不會(huì)說英語，是吧?考點(diǎn)三、祈使句表示要求、命令、諾求或建議等的句子叫斷使句。祈使句通常以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，主語you通常省略。折使句通常用降調(diào)，有肯定和否定兩種形式。祈使句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下:以動(dòng)詞原形開頭如:Turnoffthelight.把燈關(guān)掉.以be動(dòng)詞開頭如:Bequiet!Mygrandmotherissleeping.安靜!我祖母正在睡覺.3.Letsb.+動(dòng)詞原形如:Let'ssharetogether.讓我們一起分享吧.4.Don't+be動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞原形如:Don'tbelate.不嬰遲到.Don'ttalk.不要說話?？键c(diǎn)四、感嘆句感嘆句表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的感情，如:喜、怒、哀、樂等。感嘆句常由how或what引導(dǎo)，具體結(jié)構(gòu)如下:1.What+a/an+形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語!（其中的主語和謂語可以省略）如:Whatabeautifulsightitis!這風(fēng)景多美啊!2.How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!（其中的主語和謂語可以省略）如:Howcleverthegirlis!多么聰明的一個(gè)女孩子啊!注:what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句可以同義互換。如:Howinterestingthestoryis!＝Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的一個(gè)故事啊!拓展：英語中還有用一個(gè)詞或兩個(gè)詞加感嘆號(hào)構(gòu)成的感嘆句。如:Cool!酷!Super!好極了!Oh.dear!啊，天啊!考點(diǎn)五、therebe句型therebe句型用來表示在某地存在某物/某人或在某時(shí)發(fā)生某事，其具體句型結(jié)構(gòu)如下:肯定句:Therebe（is/are）+某物/某人+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間如:Thereisabookonthedesk.桌上有一本書。否定句:Therebe（is/are）+not+某物/某人+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間如:Thereisn'tapencilonthedesk.桌子上沒有鉛筆。一般疑問句:Is/Are+there+某物/某人+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間如:Isthereapencilonthedesk?桌子上有支鉛筆嗎?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be（is/are）+there+其他如:Howmanypencilsarethereonthedesk?桌子上有多少支鉛筆?例1按要求改寫句子。Wedon'thaveanylessonsonSundays.（改為肯定句）________________________________________________________________________[答案]WehavesomelessonsonSundays.[名師點(diǎn)撥]將否定句變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是"do+not+實(shí)又動(dòng)訓(xùn)"時(shí)，刪去句中的donot，any位于否定句和疑問句中，而some常用干肯定句中，所以要將句中的any變?yōu)閟ome。例2--_______doesherfatherdo?--He'sadoctor.What B.Who C.How[答案]A[名師點(diǎn)撥]詢問職業(yè)應(yīng)用疑問詞"what"提問。例3Peter,_____yourshoes,please.A.washing B.washes C.wash[答案]C[名師點(diǎn)撥]祈使句的背定形式，用動(dòng)詞原形開頭，所以應(yīng)用"wash".例4Thereissome_____onthedesk.A.pen B.money C.books[答案]B[名師點(diǎn)撥]由is可知后面名詞為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，又由some可知，后面接不可數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)選"money"。練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇。（）1.--_____youlikethispicture?--Yes,I_____.A.Does;does B.Do;don't C.Do;do（）2.Tom_____singing,butJohn_____。A.likes;does B.like;don'tlike C.likes;doesn't（）3._____lovelyweather!Let'sgoonapicnic.What B.Whata C.How（）4.Howmany_____arethereinthepicture?A.woman B.women C.buy（）5.Sheisn'tgoingto_____tomorrow.A.swimming B.swim C.swims（）6._____lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobe B.Don'tbe C.Notbe（）7.What_____youusuallydoafterschool?A.are B.does C.do（）8._____beautifulthefloweris!A.How B.What C.Whata（）9.--_____doeshisbrotherwork?--Heworksinashop.A.What B.Where C.When（）10._____goodboyheis!A.What B.How C.Whata（）11.Please_____lookoutside.Looknttheblackboard.A.not B.don't C.aren't（）12.--Areyoulisteningtomusic?--Yes,______.A.I'mnot B.I'm C.Iam（）13._____computergames,shallwe?A.Let'stoplay B.Let'splay C.Letplay（）14.--Arethere_____housesneartheriver?--Yes,thereare_____.A.some;some B.any;some C.any;any（）15.Theyareverytired.Why_____havenrest?A.notthey B.donotthey C.don'tthey二、找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤,并改正.1.Therearesomeflowerinthegarden._____________________________________________________________________2.Johndon'tlikerockmusic._____________________________________________________________________3.Whatnicethefoodis!_____________________________________________________________________4.Let'stoplaygamestogether._____________________________________________________________________DoMarycomefromEngland?_____________________________________________________________________6.Areyougocampingtomorrowmorning?_____________________________________________________________________How'stheweatherliketoday?_____________________________________________________________________8.Stoptalk!Classbegins._____________________________________________________________________三、按要求改寫句子。1.WangWeiwatchesTVeveryevening.（改為否定句）________________________________________________________________________2.Thecameraisverynice.（改為感嘆句）________________________________________________________________________3.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句,并作否定回答）________________________________________________________________________4.Ioftengoskatinginwinter.（用第三人稱she作主語改寫句子）_________________________________________________________________5.Whatdoesyourpenpallike?（改為同義句）_________________________________________________________________Thereare21pensinhisbox.（對(duì)畫線部分提問）_________________________________________________________________7.Mymotheriswashingclothes.thephonerings.（用but連成一句話）_________________________________________________________________8.Thereisawomanintheplayground.（改為復(fù)數(shù)句子）_________________________________________________________________9.Ilikespringbecausetherearebeautifulflowers.（對(duì)畫線部分提問）_____________________________________________________________10.Mymothertookmetothezoo.（用begoingto改寫句子）_________________________________________________________________四、連詞成句。1.has,every,he,three,meals,day（.）_________________________________________________________________2.is,this,interesting,film,very（.）_________________________________________________________________3.she,speak,French,can't（.）_________________________________________________________________4.fast,runs,tiger,how,the（!）_________________________________________________________________5.the,live,he,country,does,in（?）_____________________________________________________________五、翻譯下列句子。1.我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧!____________________________________________________________2.你的城市有一個(gè)動(dòng)物園嗎?_________________________________________________________________我早上7點(diǎn)起床。_________________________________________________________________請(qǐng)把作業(yè)交上來。_________________________________________________________________五點(diǎn)前你必須回家。_________________________________________________________________她每天放學(xué)后都彈鋼琴。_________________________________________________________________多么高的一棵樹啊!_________________________________________________________________答案一、CCABBBCABCBCBBC二、1.flower-flowers2.don't-doesn't3.What-How4.去掉to5.Do-Does6.Are-Wil