山東省臨沂市2025屆高三英語4月一?？荚囋囶}含解析

PAGE23-山東省臨沂市2025屆高三英語4月一?？荚囋囶}（含解析）本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。留意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAmsterdamDestinationGuideAmsterdamisoneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,famousforitsbeautifulcanals,topartmuseumsandcyclingculture.HerearesomekeypointsforyourtriptoAmsterdam.Must-SeeAttractionsBeginwiththeOldCentre,whichisfulloftraditionalarchitecture,shoppingcenters,andcoffeeshops.Don’tmisstheDamSquareandtheareasaroundSpuiandNieuwmarkt.You’llalsowantcheckoutAmsterdam’sMuseumQuarterintheSouthDistrict,whichisgreatforshoppingattheAlbertCuypMarketandhavingapicnicintheVondelpark.ThetopmuseumstovisitaretheRijksmusuem,theAnnFrankHouse,andtheVanGoghMuseum.IfYouHaveTimeTheCanalRingisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitethatwasoriginallybuilttoattractwealthyhomeownersandisaplaceforcelebrityspottingandnightlifetoday.TheP1antageareahasmostofthecity’smuseums,includingtheJewishHistoricalMuseum,theScheepvaartMuseum,andthebotanicalgardens.TransportationAmsterdamAirportSchipholislocatedabout15kilometerssouthwestofcitycenter.YoucancatchatrainfromSchipholtoAmsterdamCentralStationwhichhasmanyconnectingroutes.Parkingisdifficultinthecitycenter,socyclingisincrediblypopularhere,andit’seasytofindcheapbikerentalsaroundtown.MoneySavingTipsUnlessyoureallywanttoseethetulipsblooming,avoidbookingbetweenmid-Marchandmid-May.Thisiswhenhotelandflightpricessurge.LookforaccommodationsinAmsterdam’sSouthDistrict,whereratesaregenerallycheaperthaninthecitycenter.Buytrainticketsatthemachineinsteadofthecountertosaveabitofmoney.1.Wherecanvisitorshaveapicnic?A.TheOldCentre. B.TheMuseumQuarter.C.TheVondelpark D.ThePlantagearea.2.Whyiscyclingsopopularinthecitycenter?A.It’sdifficulttoparkcarsthere. B.Ithastoomanyconnectingroutes.C.It’stoofarfromtheairport. D.It’sverycheaptopurchaseabike.3.Howcanvisitorssavemoneyaccordingtotheauthor’sadvice?A.BookinginMid-April. B.Buyingtrainticketsatthecounter.C.Parkinginthecitycenter. D.BookinghotelintheSouthDistrict.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。阿姆斯特丹是世界上最受歡迎的旅游目的地之一，以其漂亮的運(yùn)輸河、頂尖的藝術(shù)博物館和自行車文化而著名。本文主要介紹了去阿姆斯特丹旅行的一些攻略?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中…h(huán)avingapicnicintheVondelpark(在Vondelpark野餐)由此可知，游客可以在Vondelpark野餐。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Parkingisdifficultinthecitycenter,socyclingisincrediblypopularhere,andit’seasytofindcheapbikerentalsaroundtown.可知市中心很難停車，所以自行車在這里特別受歡迎，而且在鎮(zhèn)上很簡單找到便宜的自行車租賃點(diǎn)。由此可知，自行車在市中心這么受歡迎是因?yàn)樵谀抢锿＼嚭芾щy。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段LookforaccommodationsinAmsterdam’sSouthDistrict,whereratesaregenerallycheaperthaninthecitycenter.可知在阿姆斯特丹的南區(qū)找尋住宿，那里的房價(jià)通常比市中心便宜。由此可知，游客在SouthDistrict預(yù)定酒店可以省錢。故選D。BFiveyearsago,Yellow-Purpletoreaflexortendon(屈肌腱),makingitdifficulttouseherleftleg.Thelittlepenguinwashavingahardtimewalkingandswimming.Yellow-PurpleliveswithalargegroupofAfricanpenguinsatMysticAquariuminMystic,Connecticut.Africanpenguinsareanendangeredspecies.Theyarebeautiful,blackandwhitebirdsthatareabouttwofeettallwhenfullygrown,andtheyareverypopularwiththeAquarium’svisitors.ThestaffattheAquariummadealittlesupportbootforYellow-Purplefromplastic.Thissupportedherleftankleandmadeitmucheasierforhertodoallthethingsthatpenguinsliketodo.Yellow-Purplewasgettingalongfinewithherboot,butthenDr.JenFlower,ChiefClinicalVeterinarianatMysticAquarium,heardabout3Dprintingtechnology.Shedecidedtouseittohelpbettertheboot.Luckily,MysticAquarium’sVicePresidentofEducation&Conservation,KellyMarls,knewthatMysticMiddleSchoolhadrecentlyacquireda3DSystemsprinter.Kellyreachedouttotheschoolandarrangedameeting.SuePrince,LibraryMediaSpecialistatMysticMiddleSchool,andsevenmiddleschoolstudentsvisitedYellow-Purpletolearnwhatwasneeded,andthencontactedthesupplieroftheir3Dprinter,ACTGroup.WithACTGroup’shelp,thestudentslearnedhowtoscanYellow-Purple’sexistingfootcast,thenusethatdatatocreateamoreefficientbootwithsculptingsoftware.Thefinalbootdesignwasprintedona3Dprinterusingmultiplematerials,allowingtheboottobeflexibleenoughforcomfortablemovement,yethardenoughtosupporttheinjuredtendon.ThestudentswerethrilledwhentheysawYellow-Purplewalkingalmostbacktonormal.Itwasagreatwaytoputscienceintopractice.CelebritieslikeAshtonKutchersharedYellow-Purple’sstoryonFacebook,inspiringmorethan1.5millioncombinedviews.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutAfricanpenguins?A.Theyareverylargeinnumber. B.Theyaredangerousspecies.C.Theyarebeautifulwhenyoung. D.Theyareattractivetovisitors.5.Whocameupwiththeideaofanupdatedsupportboot?A.TheACTGroup. B.Dr.JenFlower.C.KellyMatis. D.SuePrince6.WhatpreparationworkwasdonebeforethestudentsgottheACTGroup’shelp?A.Theyreachedschoolontime. B.Theyheldameetingtodiscusstheproblem.C.TheypaidavisittoYellow-Purple. D.TheycontactedtheACTGroupforsupplies.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.Thedevelopmentof3Dprinting B.Apenguinbenefitingfromhigh-techC.Anefforttoputscienceintopractice D.Asoftwarethatcandesign【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了人們利用3D打印技術(shù)給一只名為Yellow-Purple的企鵝打造靴子的事情，這只靴子是用來支撐Yellow-Purple走路的?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Theyarebeautiful,blackandwhitebirdsthatareabouttwofeettallwhenfullygrown,andtheyareverypopularwiththeAquarium’svisitors.可知它們是漂亮的黑白相間的鳥，成年后大約有兩英尺高，特別受水族館游客的歡迎。由此可知，非洲企鵝對游客有吸引力。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Yellow-Purplewasgettingalongfinewithherboot,butthenDr.JenFlower,ChiefClinicalVeterinarianatMysticAquarium,heardabout3Dprintingtechnology.Shedecidedtouseittohelpbettertheboot.可知Yellow-Purple和她的靴子相處得很好，但是神奇水族館的首席臨床獸醫(yī)JenFlower博士聽說了3d打印技術(shù)。她確定用它來幫助改善靴子。由此可知，JenFlower博士想出了更新靴子的想法。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中SuePrince,LibraryMediaSpecialistatMysticMiddleSchool,andsevenmiddleschoolstudentsvisitedYellow-Purpletolearnwhatwasneeded,andthencontactedthesupplieroftheir3Dprinter,ACTGroup.可知神奇中學(xué)圖書館媒體專家SuePrince和七名中學(xué)生探望了Yellow-Purple，了解了須要什么，然后聯(lián)系了他們的3D打印機(jī)供應(yīng)商ACT集團(tuán)。由此可知，在學(xué)生得到ACT集團(tuán)的幫助之前，他們探望了Yellow-Purple。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中ThestudentswerethrilledwhentheysawYellow-Purplewalkingalmostbacktonormal.Itwasagreatwaytoputscienceintopractice.可知當(dāng)看到Y(jié)ellow-Purple幾乎復(fù)原正常行走時(shí)，學(xué)生們都很激烈。這是一種將科學(xué)應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐的宏大方式。結(jié)合文章介紹了人們利用3D打印技術(shù)給一只名為Yellow-Purple的企鵝打造靴子的事情，這只靴子是用來支撐Yellow-Purple走路的。故B選項(xiàng)“一只從高科技中獲益的企鵝”符合文章標(biāo)題，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】標(biāo)題確定題屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)分析主子公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。在此基礎(chǔ)上，還應(yīng)做到概括性、針對性、醒目性的有機(jī)結(jié)合。概括性原則：要求標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題要旨。從全局的角度歸納概括出文章的標(biāo)題。要防止舍本逐末，主次不分，以點(diǎn)代面，以偏概全。針對性原則：針對性原則是對標(biāo)題外延的一種界定。即標(biāo)題的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量體裁衣，大小適度。醒目性原則：標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。標(biāo)題的好壞往往影響文章的可讀性。讀者往往從標(biāo)題上確定文章的閱讀取舍，故標(biāo)題往往比較醒目，甚至比較離奇，目的是為了吸引讀者的留意力，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的愛好。如第四小題，依據(jù)最終一段中ThestudentswerethrilledwhentheysawYellow-Purplewalkingalmostbacktonormal.Itwasagreatwaytoputscienceintopractice.可知當(dāng)看到Y(jié)ellow-Purple幾乎復(fù)原正常行走時(shí)，學(xué)生們都很激烈。這是一種將科學(xué)應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐的宏大方式。結(jié)合文章介紹了人們利用3D打印技術(shù)給一只名為Yellow-Purple的企鵝打造靴子的事情，這只靴子是用來支撐Yellow-Purple走路的。故B選項(xiàng)“一只從高科技中獲益的企鵝”符合文章標(biāo)題，故選B。CWespendathirdofouradultlivesworkingandanotherbigpartpreparingforourcareers.Historically,workwasrarelyseenasasourceofmeaningandpurpose.Duringthevastmajorityofour300,000-yearhumanevolution(進(jìn)化),workwasinfactprettysimple.Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.Meaningandpurposecamefromsomewhereelse,likespirituality,art,religion,orscience.Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful-isarathermodern,ifnotpostmodern,invention.Onlyonehundredyearsagoitwouldhavebeenfrequenttoseeaworkerwhoreturnedfromatypicalworkdayatafactorycomplaintotheirfolksthattheydidn’tearnmuchortheywerewornoutandraretoseethattheycomplaintheydidn’texperienceasenseofpurpose.Similarly,theideathatweoughttobringour“wholeself”toworkisaprettynovelandrecentformofcareeradvice.ItsoriginscanbetracedtoWilliamKahnwhoinventedtheconceptofemployeeengagement30yearsago.Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkrole.Someseeworkasmerelyajobandclockinandouteveryday,withoutbringingtheirwholeselftowork.Workisjustnotacoreaspectoftheiridentity,andtheirconceptofthemselvesisbuiltonothersocialcategorieslikemother,husband,American,Christian,captainofthelocalsoccerteam,etc.Others,however,haveverylowpsychologicaldistancewiththeirworkrole,seeingitasessentiallyintertwined(交融的)withwhotheyare.Theydon’tjustcometowork,theyarefullydevotedtotheircareersandhaveaspiritualtypeofconnectionwiththeirjobs.Theyare,itseems,almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics(工作狂)mostcompanieslongfor.8.Whydidwespendmuchofouradultlivesworking?A.Toprepareforfuturecareers. B.Tofindthewatersources.C.Tohelpusevolve. D.Tomakeussurvive.9.Whydidthewritermentiontheworkeracentury,ago?A.Tohelpusfindmeaningatwork. B.Toprovethattheideawasmodern.C.Toshowusthebadolddays. D.Tocomplainabouttheexperience.10.WhichofthefollowingmightWilliamKahnagreewith?A.Employeeshavedifferentunderstandingsabouttheirworkrole.B.Everyemployeemustbringtheirwholeselftowork.C.Tobedevotedtoworkisaprettynovelidea.D.Workers’coreidentityisbuiltonartcategories.11Whatkindofemployeesdomostcompaniesfavour?A.Thosewhoseeworkasajob.B.Thosewhoidentifywiththeirworkrole.C.Thosewhoarefullydevotedtotheirwork.D.Thosewhopossessexperience.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】這是一篇爭論文。成年后，我們有三分之一的時(shí)間在工作，還有很大一部分時(shí)間在為職業(yè)生涯做打算。工作是為了生存，而把“完整的自己”帶到工作中去，這也是一種相當(dāng)新奇的職業(yè)建議。文章還說明白不同的人對工作的看法?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.可知我們工作是為了吃飯，避開被吃掉。由此可知，我們成年后大部分時(shí)間都在工作，是為了生存。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful-isarathermodern,ifnotpostmodern,invention.可知我們注定要在工作中找到意義或找到有意義的工作，這種想法即使不是后現(xiàn)代的，也是相當(dāng)現(xiàn)代的獨(dú)創(chuàng)。接著后文作者提到了這個(gè)一個(gè)世紀(jì)前的工人，由此可推知，作者提到這個(gè)一個(gè)世紀(jì)前的工人，是為了證明這個(gè)想法是現(xiàn)代的。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkrole.可知他的觀點(diǎn)是，員工對自己工作角色的認(rèn)同程度各不相同。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“員工對自己的工作角色有不同的理解”屬于WilliamKahn的觀點(diǎn)。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Theyare,itseems,almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholicsmostcompanieslongfor.可知他們好像幾乎被工作迷住了，是大多數(shù)公司渴望的工作狂類型。由此可知，大多數(shù)公司喜愛全身心投入工作的員工。故選C。DWearingaheadsettoplayavirtual-realitygameisfun.Asyoumoveyourheadaround,youcanseethescenefromdifferentangles.You’reinafakeenvironmentthatseemssoreal.ButthepowerofVRmaygowellbeyondentertainment.Itjustmighthelppeoplewhosufferfromlongtimeofpain,anewstudyfinds.“IfVRcanreducesometypesofpain,itcouldbecomeanewcurewithfewersideeffectsthandrugs,”saysSamHughes,apsychologistatImperialCollegeLondon.“Anditwouldbe1essexpensive.”Hughes’groupstudiesboneandmusclepain.Oneexampleissciatica.Sciaticaisaformofpaindoctorscallchronicpain,whichisdifferentfromthehurtyoufeelwhenyouhityourkneeagainstatableorputyourhandinveryhotwater.Itisfairlylong-1ivedpainandmayevenspreadfromaninitialsitetootherbodyparts.Theresearcherstestedthepain-alteringeffectofvirtualreality.Eachvolunteeracceptedsomeformoftemporarypain.Thepaincamefromaspecialcreamappliedtotheskin.Thecreamcontainedcapsaicin.It’sthechemicalinhotpeppersthatburnsyourmouth.Theythenshowedthevolunteersamovie.Eachvolunteerwouldseethemovietwice-oncein3D,whilewearingaVRheadset,andonceonanormal2Dscreen.Theresearchersrandomlydecidedforeachvolunteerwhethertheywatchedthe2Dor3Dversionfirst.Usingthe2DmovieasthecomparisonallowedthemtoisolatetheeffectofVR.WatchingthemovieinVRreducedthepainintheskinareabetterthandidviewingthemoviein2D.VRhelpedthemtoleratemorepainintheareaofthecreamedskin.However,thatpainreductionendedafewminutesafterremovingtheVRheadsets.TheresearcherswonderedhowwellVRmightreduceothertypesofpain.12.What’soneoftheadvantagesofVRtoreducepain?A.It’smuchsafer. B.It’smoreconvenient.C.It’smuchfaster. D.It’smoreefficient.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chronic”meaninParagraph3?A.sudden B.long-termC.1ight D.sharp14.Whywasthespecialcreamusedintheexperiment?A.Tofindchemicalsinhotpeppers. B.Tobringcomforttovolunteers.C.Toburnsthevolunteers’mouth. D.Tocausesometemporarypain.15.Howwasthetestcarriedout?A.Bygivingnumbers. B.Byusingexamples.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的探討發(fā)覺，VR可能會(huì)幫助那些長期遭遇苦痛的人。因?yàn)閂R能削減一些痛感，而且相對藥物副作用少。并且對比試驗(yàn)證明白VR能削減某些方面的難受?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“IfVRcanreducesometypesofpain,itcouldbecomeanewcurewithfewersideeffectsthandrugs,”saysSamHughes,apsychologistatImperialCollegeLondon.可知倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的心理學(xué)家SamHughes表示:“假如VR能夠減輕某些類型的難受，它可能會(huì)成為一種比藥物副作用更少的新療法?！庇纱丝芍琕R削減難受的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一是更平安。故選A?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)后文Itisfairlylong-1ivedpainandmayevenspreadfromaninitialsitetootherbodyparts.可知難受持續(xù)的時(shí)間相當(dāng)長，甚至可能從最初的部位擴(kuò)散到身體的其他部位。由此可知，坐骨神經(jīng)痛是一種被醫(yī)生稱為慢性難受的難受，故劃線單詞意思為“長期的”。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Eachvolunteeracceptedsomeformoftemporarypain.Thepaincamefromaspecialcreamappliedtotheskin.可知每個(gè)志愿者都接受了某種形式的短暫難受。難受來自于涂在皮膚上的一種特別的藥膏。由此可知，在試驗(yàn)中運(yùn)用特別的藥膏是為了造成短暫的難受。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中Eachvolunteerwouldseethemovietwice-oncein3D,whilewearingaVRheadset,andonceonanormal2Dscreen.Theresearchersrandomlydecidedforeachvolunteerwhethertheywatchedthe2Dor3Dversionfirst.Usingthe2DmovieasthecomparisonallowedthemtoisolatetheeffectofVR.可知每個(gè)志愿者會(huì)看兩次電影——一次是3D的，戴著VR頭盔，另一次是一般的2d屏幕。探討人員隨機(jī)確定每個(gè)志愿者先看2D還是3D版本。以2D電影作為對比，讓他們分別出VR的效果。由此可知，測試是由觀看3D和2D的志愿者進(jìn)行對比完成的。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義揣測題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以依據(jù)定義信息和舉例揣測詞義。如文中常用referto,becalled或that'stosay,suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以依據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等揣測詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語法猜詞，可以依據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語境猜詞，揣測詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文供應(yīng)的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要留意指代詞的位置，以便于推斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一樣，最終比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。如其次小題，依據(jù)后文Itisfairlylong-1ivedpainandmayevenspreadfromaninitialsitetootherbodyparts.可知難受持續(xù)的時(shí)間相當(dāng)長，甚至可能從最初的部位擴(kuò)散到身體的其他部位。由此可知，坐骨神經(jīng)痛是一種被醫(yī)生稱為慢性難受的難受，故劃線單詞意思為“長期的”。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LifeinDeathValleyDeathValleyisahugeplace,extendingmorethan225kilometersacrossthesouthernpartofCaliforniaintotheneighboringstateofNevada.Asbeautifulasthisplaceis,itsnameprovidesevidenceofveryrealdanger.___16___Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3,000metersintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.But,duringsummermonths,theairtemperaturehasbeenashighas57degreesCelsius.___17___TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.InmanyareasofDeathValley,itiseasytoseewherethegroundhasbeenpushedupviolentlybymovementdeepintheEarth.Thishascreatedunusualandbeautifulrockformations,withcolorsofred,brown,gray,yellowandblack.InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.___18___.MuchofDeathValleyisflatandextremelydry.Insomeareasthegroundisnothingbutsalt.However,itwouldbewrongtothinkthatnothinglivesinDeathValley.___19___Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog-1ikeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.Throughouthistory,NativeAmericansfoundwaystosurviveinDeathValley.Rockartandotherremainsshowthathumanslivedinthevalleyasfarbackas9,000yearsago.Nowadays,morethanonemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.___20___Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolorthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolor,thenblack.A.Thevalleyisfulloflife.B.Thesettingsunisvisitors’favorite.C.Imageshereseemtochangeeachminute.D.DeathValley,isaplaceofstrangeandsilentbeauty.E.DeathValleydoesn’tforgivethosewhoarenotcareful.F.DeathValleyisalandofbeautifulyetdangerousextremes.G.Theareawasdeepunderanoceanformanythousandsofyears.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.A20.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。死亡谷是一個(gè)巨大的地方，從加州南部延長到鄰近的內(nèi)華達(dá)州，全長超過225公里。盡管這個(gè)地方很美，但它的名字卻證明白它的危急性。文章主要介紹了死亡谷的狀況，包括極端氣候、地勢等。【16題詳解】依據(jù)后文Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatreachmorethan3,000metersintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.可知它有近140萬公頃的沙漠和高達(dá)3000多米的山脈。死亡谷在冬天的幾個(gè)月里可能是危急的寒冷。山中的暴風(fēng)雨會(huì)使谷底突然發(fā)洪水。由此可知，死亡谷是個(gè)危急的極端之地。故F選項(xiàng)“死亡谷是一個(gè)漂亮卻危急的極端之地”符合上下文語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)后文TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.可知死亡谷的極端高溫曾經(jīng)造成過人員死亡。由此可知，進(jìn)入死亡谷的人們假如不當(dāng)心可能就會(huì)死在死亡谷里。故E選項(xiàng)“死亡谷不會(huì)寬恕那些不當(dāng)心的人”符合上下文語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文InotherpartsofDeathValley,therearelinesintherock.Thelinesareevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.可知。在死亡谷的其他地方，巖石上也有線條。這些線條是過去存在水的證據(jù)。由此可知，線條表明死亡谷過去始終是海洋。故G選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)地區(qū)數(shù)千年來始終深埋在海底”符合上下文語境，故選G。19題詳解】依據(jù)后文Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog-1ikeanimalcalledthecoyote,orwildbighornsheep,orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.可知即使下一點(diǎn)雨，野花也長得很快。有幾種鳥類生活在死亡谷。游客們可能會(huì)看到像狗一樣的動(dòng)物——土狼，或野生大角羊，或其他動(dòng)物，如沙漠龜。由此可知，死亡谷里也有朝氣。故A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)山谷充溢了朝氣”符合上下文語境，故選A?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)后文Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleyagoldcolorthatdeepenstoasoftbrown,thenchangestoadarkred.Asnightcomes,themountainsturnadarkpurplecolor,thenblack.可知太陽漸漸地把山谷變成了金黃色，然后漸漸加深，變成了柔軟的棕色，然后又變成了暗紅色。夜幕駕臨 時(shí)，群山變成了暗紫色，然后是黑色。由此可知，死亡谷中的景色改變多端。故C選項(xiàng)“這里的景色好像每分鐘都在改變”符合上下文語境，故選C。其次部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Wewalkedslowlythroughthewetgrass,oureyessearchingfortheenemy.Suddenly,machine-gunfirebrokethequiet.Wehittheground,___21___fromtheshotsbyalowstonewall.AsIorderedtwosoldierstohelpmelocateand___22___themachinegun.Iheard___23___andthenIwasonmyback.“Lieutenant(中尉)!Lieutenant!You’vebeenhit!”onesoldiercried.Twomedicsrushedmetoanaid___24___.Adoctorslappedabandageonmybloodyknee;thenthemedicsdrovemetoa___25___fieldhospital.Theycarriedmeintoatentwheredozensof___26___soldierswerelinedupontheground.Iwatchedthenursesworking___27___thingswentblack.WhenIwokeup.Iwaslyingonabedwearingnothingbutablanket.“Wakeup,Lieutenant!”anurseshouted.“You’vegottogetonaplane-you’re___28___toahospitalinEngland!”I___29___.Allmyworldlypossessionslayinamountainousheapofequipment.Icouldreplaceeverything____30____thephotoofmynewbride,Ellen,whichIalwayscarriedwithme.“I’mnotgoinguntilIgetmywife’spicture.”Isaid.“It’sinthegasmaskcoveryou____31____fromme.”Iknewthenursecouldmakemego,____32____insteadshesaid,“OK,I’llseeifIcanfindit.”thenranouttosearchthroughthe____33____.Timestoodstilluntilfinallyshecamerunning____34____back.“I’vegotit!”sheshouted,wavingthepictureinherupraisedhand.Thatphotograph____35____methroughtoughtimes.Now-69yearslater-itsitsonmybedsidetable.21.A.escaped B.sheltered C.removed D.prevented22.A.knockout B.searchfor C.stayaway D.runtowards23.A.athunder B.ascream C.acrash D.anexplosion24.A.school B.station C.program D.advisor25.A.ruined B.famous C.nearby D.advanced26.A.wounded B.brave C.dead D.cured27.A.because B.though C.after D.before28.A.driving B.connecting C.flying D.engaging29.A.hesitated B.opposed C.panicked D.whispered30.A.with B.by C.for D.except31.A.tookaway B.carriedout C.clearedup D.keptback32.A.so B.and C.or D.but33.A.tents B.hills C.piles D.beds34.A.breathlessly B.disappointedly C.nervously D.mysteriously35.A.benefited B.comforted C.reminded D.challenged【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.A32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在一場斗爭中受傷并丟失了妻子的照片，在他的堅(jiān)持下，一名護(hù)士幫助他取回了照片，作者對此很感謝，是妻子的照片陪伴自己度過了那段艱難的歲月。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們趴在地上，利用前面的低矮石墻掩護(hù)自己。A.escaped逃跑；B.sheltered庇護(hù)，掩護(hù)；C.removed去掉；D.prevented阻擋。依據(jù)后文fromtheshotsbyalowstonewall可知，作者他們利用前面的低矮石墻掩護(hù)自己。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我吩咐兩名士兵幫我定位并打掉機(jī)關(guān)槍。A.knockout擊倒，打掉；B.searchfor找尋；C.stayaway外出；D.runtowards朝……跑。結(jié)合后文themachinegun可知作者吩咐兩名士兵幫作者定位并打掉機(jī)關(guān)槍。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我聽到爆炸聲——然后我就趴在地上。A.athunder雷；B.ascream尖叫聲；C.acrash墜機(jī)；D.anexplosion爆炸。依據(jù)后文“Lieutenant!Lieutenant!You’vebeenhit!”onesoldiercried.可知爆炸把作者擊中了。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩名醫(yī)護(hù)人員快速把我送到救援站。A.school學(xué)校；B.station站點(diǎn)，車站；C.program程序；D.advisor顧問。依據(jù)后文Adoctor可知作者被送到了救援站。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生給我那流血的膝蓋打了個(gè)繃帶；然后醫(yī)護(hù)人員把我送到旁邊的野戰(zhàn)醫(yī)院。A.ruined荒廢的；B.famous出名的；C.nearby旁邊的；D.advanced先進(jìn)的。作者受了傷，確定是被送到旁邊的醫(yī)院好剛好接受救治。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們把我抬到一個(gè)帳篷里，那里有幾十名受傷的士兵被排在地上。A.wounded受傷的；B.brave英勇的；C.dead死的；D.cured治愈的。醫(yī)院里確定都是在戰(zhàn)場上受了傷的士兵。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：我看著護(hù)士們趁著一切沒變糟糕之前，驚惶的工作著。A.because因?yàn)椋籅.though雖然；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。此處為時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“在……之前”用before。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“你得坐飛機(jī)——你要飛往英國的醫(yī)院!”A.driving駕駛；B.connecting連接；C.flying(乘飛行器或航天器)航行；D.engaging參與。依據(jù)上文You’vegottogetonaplane可知作者要飛往英國的醫(yī)院。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我驚惶失措。A.hesitated遲疑；B.opposed反對；C.panicked恐慌；D.whispered低聲說。依據(jù)后文Allmyworldlypossessionslayinamountainousheapofequipment.可知作者全部的私人物品都放在一堆積累如山的設(shè)備里，作者卻要馬上飛往英國了，因此驚惶失措。故選C。【30題詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：我可以把全部的東西都放在這，除了我的新娘Ellen的照片，我總是隨身帶著她的照片。A.with和；B.by借助；C.for為了；D.except除了。作者可以不要其他全部的個(gè)人物品，除了（except）他新娘Ellen的照片。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“在你從我這里拿走的防毒面具里。”A.tookaway拿走；B.carriedout實(shí)施；C.clearedup清理；D.keptback留下。依據(jù)上文Iwaslyingonabedwearingnothingbutablanket.可知作者的防毒面具被人拿走了。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：我知道護(hù)士可以讓我去，但她卻說:“好吧，我去看看能不能找到?！比缓笈艹鋈ピ诔啥训臇|西里找。A.so所以；B.and并且；C.or或者；D.but但是。結(jié)合上下文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道護(hù)士可以讓我去，但她卻說:“好吧，我去看看能不能找到?！比缓笈艹鋈ピ诔啥训臇|西里找。A.tents帳篷；B.hills丘陵；C.piles成堆；D.beds床。對應(yīng)上文Allmyworldlypossessionslayinamountainousheapofequipment.可知護(hù)士去在成堆的東西里找作者的東西。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：時(shí)間靜止了，最終她氣喘吁吁地跑了回來。A.breathlessly氣喘地；B.disappointedly悲觀地；C.nervously驚惶地；D.mysteriously神奇地。護(hù)士是跑著回來的，因此氣喘吁吁。故選A。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那張照片在我困難的時(shí)候給了我勸慰。A.benefited受益；B.comforted勸慰；C.reminded提示；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。作者到哪兒都帶著Ellen的照片，是因?yàn)檎掌茉谧髡呃щy的時(shí)候賜予作者勸慰。故選B。其次節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。“There’snoplacelikehome.”ThisEnglishsayinghasmuchtruthinit:thebestplace___36___(surround)byourlovedonesandwitharoofoverourhead.Andformanyyoungadults,it’stheonlyaffordableplacetostay:somewherewheretheycanreceivefirst-classservice___37___mumanddad.Butthiscomesataprice!Insomecountries.it’squitetraditionalforpeopleintheirlate___38___(teen)andearly20stoliveathomewiththeirparents,butinotherplaces,flyingthenesttostarttheirown___39___(depend)lifeisverydesirable.Withoutcomplaining,youcancomeandgo___40___youwish.Butthere’sbeenagrowingtrend,intheUKatleast,foryoungpeopletoreturnhometolive-ornottoleavehomeat11.Accordingtoasurvey,aboutaquarterofyoungadults___41___(age)20-34liveathome,andthatfigurehasbeengrowing.Manyreturningadultchildrenenjoyhomecomforts.Theseincludecookedmeals,afullfridgeandcleaning,aswellastheirbillsbeingcoveredbywhatis___42___(common)called“thehotelofmumanddad”.Butforthe“hoteliers”,mumanddad,thesurveyfoundtheaveragecosttothemhasgoneupsharply,andthattheyaresacrificingluxuriesandholidays___43___(look)aftertheir“bigkids”.Withparentsspendingaround￡1,886ontakeawayfood,___44___(buy)newfurnitureandupgradingtheirWi-Fiforthebenefitoftheirchildren,it’seasyforthereturningchildrentoputtheirfeetupandmakethemselvesathome.That’sbeforetheylearn____45____hometruththatonedayitmightbetheirownkidswho’11becheckingintothehotelofmumanddad!【答案】36.issurrounded37.from38.teens39.independent40.as41.aged42.commonly43.tolook44.buying45.a【解析】分析】這是一篇說明文。對很多年輕人來說，這是唯一負(fù)擔(dān)得起的地方：在這里他們可以從父母那里得到一流的服務(wù)。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在20到34歲的年輕人中，約有四分之一的人住在家里，而且這個(gè)數(shù)字還在不斷增長。很多返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女享受著家的舒適，父母卻為了照看“大孩子”不得不犧牲了奢侈品和假期。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。本句中主語與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處描述客觀事好用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為place，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填issurrounded。【37題詳解】考查介詞。依據(jù)短語receivefrom表示“收到，從……接收”。故填from?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在一些國家，人們在十八九歲和二十出頭的時(shí)候和父母住在一起是很傳統(tǒng)的，但在另一些地方，背井離鄉(xiāng)起先自己獨(dú)立的生活是特別可取的。依據(jù)短語inone’steens表示“在青少年時(shí)代（13歲到19歲）”。故填teens?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。修飾后文名詞life應(yīng)用形容詞，且表示“獨(dú)立的”形容詞為independent。故填independent。【40題詳解】考查連詞。句意：毫無怨言，你可以如你希望地那樣來來回回。此處為方式狀語從句，表示“如（像）你希望的那樣”應(yīng)用as引導(dǎo)。故填as?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在20到34歲的年輕人中，約有四分之一的人住在家里，而且這個(gè)數(shù)字還在不斷增長。結(jié)合句意此處表示“……歲的”應(yīng)用形容詞aged，作定語。故填aged。【42題詳解】考查副詞。修飾后文動(dòng)詞call應(yīng)用副詞commonly，表示“一般地，通常地”。故填commonly?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知look在句中應(yīng)用非謂語形式，且此處做目的狀語應(yīng)用不定式。故填tolook。【44題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知buy在句中應(yīng)用非謂語形式，與邏輯主語parents構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填buying?！?5題詳解】考查冠詞。truth此處表示泛指,表示“一個(gè)家庭真相”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且home為輔音音素開頭的單詞，故填a?！军c(diǎn)睛】當(dāng)分詞做狀語的時(shí)候，假如構(gòu)成分詞的動(dòng)詞與句子的主語構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語；當(dāng)二者構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，運(yùn)用過去分詞做狀語。假如分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，就運(yùn)用分詞的完成式。假如分詞與句子的主語沒有關(guān)系，可以運(yùn)用狀語從句或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如第九小題，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知buy在句中應(yīng)用非謂語形式，與邏輯主語parents構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填buying。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假如你是李華，你的美國摯友George在紐約所住的小區(qū)中有多人感染新冠病毒而發(fā)病。請你給他寫一封郵件勸慰他并告知留意事項(xiàng)。留意：1.詞數(shù)80左右：2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.參考詞匯：新冠病毒novelcoronations。____________________________________________________________________