高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考案3必修三練習(xí)含解析外研版

一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修三綜合過(guò)關(guān)規(guī)范限時(shí)檢測(cè)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthemanprobablydoaftertheconversation？BA．Waitthere. B．Sitdown.C．Findaman.2．Whoarethespeakerstalkingabout？AA．Anactor. B．Awriter.C．Awaiter.3．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？CA．Atanairport. B．Onabus.C．Onaplane.4．WhenwillthewomanleaveforNewYork？CA．OnMonday.B．OnTuesday.C．OnWednesday.5．Whyisthemanworried？AA．Therewillbeatesttomorrow.B．Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.C．Thewomanisunwillingtohelphim.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatarethespeakersbusydoing？BA.They'reworkingonachemistryexperiment.B．They'repreparingforthechemistryexam.C．Theyaredoingsomephysicshomework.7．Wherearethespeakers？BA．Onthecampus.B．Inthelibrary.C．Intheclassroom.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing？AA．Thewaysofrelaxation.B．Theeffectsofstress.C．Theideasofhealthylife.9．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutcomputergames？CA．Sometimesthey'rerelaxing.B．Shefeelsithardtoplaythem.C．It'snogoodplayingthemlong.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando？CA．Keepapetdog.B．Haveagoodrest.C．Dooutdooractivities.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhereisRickworkingnow？BA．Inatravelcompany.B．Inalawoffice.C．Inahotel.12．HowdoesRickfeelabouthistrip？AA．Excited. B．Curious.C．Nervous.13．WhenwillRickleave？BA．Inthreedays.B．Inaweek.C．Inamonth.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？AA．Atabank.B．Atahotel.C．Atapostoffice.15．Whereshouldthewomanwritethedate？CA．Ontheleft-handside.B．Ontheright-handside.C．Inthetopright-handcorner.16．WhatshouldthewomanwriteafterthewordPAY？CA．ONLY. B．200.C．CASH.17．Whatshouldthewomanwriteinthebottomrighthandcorner？AA．Hername. B．Theyear.C．Theamount.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whendoesthistalktakeplace？BA．Afterthefinalexams.B．Attheendoftheschoolyear.C．Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear.19．Whatwillleadtoafine？BA．Failingtovacate(騰出，空出)theroombyJune3rd.B．Notturningintheroomkeybeforeleaving.C．Notclearingpersonalthingsoutoftheroom.20．Whatdothestudentshavetoreportontheform？AA．Anydamagetotheirrooms.B．Theirsummeraddresses.C．Questionsforthehousingoffice.附聽(tīng)力原文：Text1M：Excuseme，mayIsithere?Imean,aretheseseatstaken?W：No,theyaren't.Goahead,please.Text2W：Youwenttothetheatrelastnight,andwhatdoyouthinkoftheactorwhoplayedHamlet?M：Oh,Ithinkhedidagreatjob.Text3W：I'msorry，butthere'snosmokingonthisflight.M：Oh,sorry.Ididn'tknowthat.Text4M：Hey,Lucy.WhenwillyouleaveforNewYork?W：Er...TodayisMonday.IwillleaveforNewYorkthedayaftertomorrow.Text5M：I'mreallyworriedaboutmychemistryexamtomorrow.W：Well，I'vefinishedsomehomework,soIcouldprobablyhelpyouforalittlewhile.Text6W：Hello，Patrick!Whichclassareyouworkingonrightnow?M：Hi,Jenny!I'mstudyingformychemistryexamtomorrow.W：AreyouinMrsGreen'sclass?M：Yes.Whataboutyou?W：I'm,too.Wemusthavethesameexamtomorrow!M：Doyouwanttostudytogether?W：Sure.Thislibraryisnotquietthough.M：Doyouwanttogotoanemptyclassroom?W：Thatsoundsgood.M：OK.Let'sgo.Text7W：Ithinkit'sveryimportanttorelaxbecauseifyoudon't,youcangettoostressed.Whatdoyouthink?M：Yes,Ithinkso.OnceIevengotillbecauseIwastoostressedoutstudyingforexams!Butwhatdoyoudotorelax?W：Well,sometimesIgotomyroomandliedownandlistentomyfavoritemusic,orreadabook.Whataboutyou?M：IfIwanttorelax，Ioftenplaycomputergames.W：Idon'tthinkcomputergamesarerelaxing—theycanbesoexcitingandthenit'sdifficulttostopplaying.M：It'snotaproblemforme.It'sgoodfun.Isometimesplayuntilmidnight.W：Really?That'stoobadforyourhealth.You'dbetternotstayupforitagain.Goingoutisabetterway.Isometimesliketotakemydogforalongwalkinthecountryorapark.Thatmakesmefeelhealthyandrelaxed.M：Iagreewithyou.Text8W：HaveyouheardthatthebossofthelawofficewhereRickworkswantshimtoflytoBraziltodoamonth'sworkthere?M：That'snice.He'llloveitbecauseeverythingwillbepaidfor,suchasairtravel,meals,hotelsandthisishisfirsttimetogetoutoftheStates.W：Indeed,youwon'tbelievehowmuchheislookingforwardtoitandhowmuchhislittlesisteradmireshim.Heisgoingtoenjoylyingonthebeacheswhenworkisdone,andhepromisestobuyhissistergifts.M：Whoelseisgoingbesideshim?W：He'sgoingalone.M：Whenwillhebeleaving?W：Hewastoldaboutitthreedaysago.AndIthinkhewillleaveinaweek.Text9W：Iwouldliketoknowhowtomakeoutthischeck.M：Right.Erm...doyouwanttodrawoutsomemoney?W：Yes.￡200.M：￡200.OK.Well,thefirstthingyouneedtodoiswritetoday'sdateandtheyearinthetopright-handcornerwhereyouseetheline.Youmustputtheyearin.Andcanyouseeoverontheleft-handside?W：Thefirst...line?M：That'sit.OnthefirstlineitsaysPAYandyouwriteCASHafterwards.W：Inletters?M：Yes.CASH,youwriteCASH,OK?Thenrightbelowthat,youhavetowritetheamountofmoneyyouwant.SojusttwohundredpoundsandthenyouwriteONLYattheendinwords.Thenattheendofthatlinewhereyoucanseethebox,seeoverontheright-handsideandyouhavetowritetheamountyouwantinnumbers.Andthenbelowthebox,thelastthingyouhavetodointhebottomright-handcornerisjustwriteyoursignature.W：OK.Thankyouverymuch.Text10Goodafternoon.I'mJohnHolland,housingdirectorhereattheuniversity.I'mvisitingallthedormitoriesthisweektoinformstudentsaboutcheckoutprocedures.Iknowyouhavealotonyourmindwithfinalscomingup,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtobeawareof,asyoupreparetoleaveforvacation.ThisdormitorywillbeclosedduringthesummermonthsandwillreopeninSeptember.YoumustvacateyourroombyJune3rd.Andyoushouldremembertoturninyourroomkeybeforeyouleave.Failuretoreturnyourkeycanresultina25-dollarfine.Youmustalsomakesurethatallofyourpersonalthingshavebeenclearedoutofyourroom.I'llbehandingoutaformforyoutofilloutconcerningtheconditionofyourroom.Youshouldreportontheformanydamagetoyourroomwhichhasoccurredoverthelastyear,suchasholesintheroom'swalls,doororwindows.Thatway,wewillknowwheretomakerepairsbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecallmyoffice.第二節(jié)到此結(jié)束。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A(2021·四川省八校聯(lián)考)NationalSpaceCenter,LeicesterAninteractivemuseumofsupersizespaceexperiences:fromagiantplanetEarthyoucantouchtheUK'sbiggestdomedplanetarium(圓頂天文館)anda42-meterrockettower.Youcan'tmissthelatterasyoudriveintoLeicester—thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows.Inside,ithousesBlueStreakandThorAblerockets.Takeinthefullscaleofthembyridingaglass-sidedliftuptotheviewingplatform.Elsewhere,therearesixgallerieswithplentyofbuttonstopressandscreenstotouch.It'sallundercoversoit'sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday!Whataboutlunch?TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks(hotdogsfrom￡4.95,plusjacketpotatoes，soups,sandwichesandsalads)atthefootofthecenter'stworockets.Thecafeoffersvegetarianandveganoptionstoo.GettingthereThereisaregularbusservice(No.54)withastoptwominutes'walkfromthecenter,aswellasapark-and-fideservicefromBirstall.EastMidlandsTrainsandCross-CountryTrainsoperateservicestotheLeicesterstation,fromwhichthecenterisa25-minutebusride.Ifyoudrive,it'sjustofftheA6,northofthecitycenter.Parkingis￡3fortheday.ValueformoneyIt'snotcheap—adults:￡15,5to16-year-olds:￡12,butonceyou'vepaidyoucanrevisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunderfive.Openinghours10a．m.—4p．m.MondaytoFriday,10a．m.-5p．m.weekendsandschoolholidays.文章大意：文章介紹了萊斯特國(guó)家太空中心博物館的參觀信息。21．WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbefoundwhenyouvisittheNationalSpaceCenter？AA．Abiginflatablepillow.B．Adomedplanetarium.C．TheBoostersCafe.D．Ahighrockettower.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows”可知，這個(gè)建筑看起來(lái)像被一個(gè)巨大的充氣式枕頭包裹了一樣，故參觀時(shí)不能看到的是“一個(gè)巨大的充氣式枕頭”。故A項(xiàng)正確。22．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle？CA．VisitorscanarriveattheentrancetothecenterbyonlytakingtheNo.54bus.B．Ittakesvisitors25minutestogettothecenterfromtheLeicesterstationbyridingabike.C．Snacksanddrinksareservedatreasonableprices.D．Althoughtheparkingfeeisreasonable,therearelimitedparkinglots.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Whataboutlunch？部分中的“servesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks”可知，快餐和飲料價(jià)格合理。游客可以自駕前往，故A項(xiàng)(只能乘坐54路公交車(chē)才能到)錯(cuò)誤；25分鐘是坐車(chē)花費(fèi)的時(shí)間而非騎車(chē)花費(fèi)的時(shí)間，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文中未提到“停車(chē)區(qū)有限”，故排除D項(xiàng)。故選C項(xiàng)。23．Ifacouplewanttotaketheirdaughter,aprimaryschoolstudent,andtheir15-year-oldsontothespacecenter,howmuchwilltheyspendonthetickets？DA．￡45. B．￡57.C．￡42. D．￡54.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Valueformoney部分中的“adults：￡15,5to16-year-olds：￡12”可知，一對(duì)夫婦要帶上上小學(xué)的女兒和15歲的兒子去參觀，需付(15＋15＋12＋12)＝54英鎊。故D項(xiàng)正確。B(2021·山東新高考第一次模擬)Everysooften,someonesoyoungdoessomethingsoamazingthatyoucan'thelpbutwonderhowhemanagesit.That'swhathappenedthefirsttimeweheardMatthewWhitakerplaythepiano.Matthewisajazzpianistwhoisblind,andsincetheageof11,he'sbeenperformingaroundtheworld.MatthewWhitakerwasbornatthe24thweek.Heweighed1poundand11ounces.Hisparentsweretoldhehadalessthan50%chanceofsurvival.Oneofthemanycomplications(并發(fā)癥)hefacedwasadiseasewhichledtoblindness.NooneinMatthew'sfamilywasamusician,buthisgrandfatherboughthimhisfirstkeyboardwhenhewasthreeyearsold.Itdidn'ttakelongforMatthewtoshowthathehadagift.SotheWhitakersdecidedtogetMatthewateacher，whichprovedtobedifficult.“Atthetime,wegotalotofanswersthathe'stooyoungandtheydon'tknowhowtoteachablindchild，”MosesWhitakersaid.“Hewasthreeyearsoldatthetime.”Finally,DaliaSakasagreedtomeetMatthew.DaliaisthedirectorofmusicstudiesatamusicschoolinNewYorkCity,aschoolforthevisuallyimpaired.Tohersurprise,Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.“BecauseitisraretomeetsuchapersonandIwanttomakethatpossible.”Shedid.Matthewhasplayedinmorethan200clubsandconcerthallsaroundtheworld.Hisloveofmusichasneverbeenindoubt.Matthew'slatestalbumiscalledNowHearThis.OnecriticnotedthatitsoundedlikeMatthewwasplayingwithsixhands.文章大意：MatthewWhitaker因?yàn)樵绠a(chǎn)的并發(fā)癥而失明，但他在鋼琴演奏方面卻有過(guò)人的天賦，經(jīng)過(guò)了曲折的求學(xué)過(guò)程，Matthew最終取得了非凡的成就。24．WhichwordbestdescribesMatthewasapianist？CA．Fruitless. B．Ordinary.C．Remarkable. D．Ambitious.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，Matthew作為一名盲人鋼琴家從十一歲時(shí)便開(kāi)始了全球巡演，由此可知C選項(xiàng)“非凡的，引人注目的”符合題意。故選C。A項(xiàng)意為“徒然的；無(wú)成效的”；B項(xiàng)意為“平凡的，普通的”；D項(xiàng)意為“有雄心的，有野心的”。25．WhatwastherootcauseofMatthew'sblindness？AA．Hisprematurebirth.B．Hislowweight.C．Hislowchanceofsurvival.D．Adiseaserunninginhisfamily.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段可知，Matthew是一個(gè)早產(chǎn)兒，早產(chǎn)帶來(lái)了很多并發(fā)癥，其中的一種并發(fā)癥導(dǎo)致他失明。故選A。26．WhatincreasedthedifficultyfindingMatthewamusicteacher?CA．Hisfamilybackground. B．Hislackoftalent.C．Hisageanddisability. D．Hischaracter.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段引號(hào)內(nèi)的內(nèi)容可知，老師們有很多回復(fù)說(shuō)Matthew太小，且他們不知該如何教導(dǎo)一個(gè)盲人小孩，故可知C項(xiàng)“他的年齡和殘疾”正確。27．WhydidDaliaacceptMatthewasherstudent？BA.BecauseshesympathizedwithMatthewforhisexperience.B．BecauseshewasstruckbyMatthew'stalentformusic.C．BecauseshegaveintotheinsistenceofMatthew'sgrandfather.D．Becausesheknewhowtoteachablindstudent.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Tohersurprise，Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.”和最后一句話可推知，Dalia被Matthew的音樂(lè)天賦打動(dòng)了，決定教他。故選B。C(2021·日照市高三第一次校際聯(lián)考)SinceNovemberlastyear,cyclistsinthenorthernDutchtown,Krommenie,havebeenpartofarevolutionaryexperiment—alengthof70metersofthetown'smainbikewayhasbeenresurfacedwithalayerofglasstiles(地磚)treatedwithanonslipcoating.Thepanels，whicharelaidonabedofconcrete,areonlyonecentimeterthickbutit'swhat'sinsidetheglassthatmakesthemtrulyimpressive—eachindividualsectioncontainsasolarcellandtogethertheyformonelongenergyproductionnetwork.Therewereanumberofreasonstostartwithabikepath.Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.Inabikepath,theloadsarenottooheavyandtherequirementsarenottoosevere.TheKrommenieexperimenthasthreegoals.Oneistoseehowitperformstechnicallyandwhattheenergyproductionis.Thesecondgoalistoknowwhatthesatisfactionoftheusersis:dotheyhaveanykindofdiscomfortornegativeperception(看法)?Andthelastthingistoseeiftheroadmanagersarecomfortablewiththistypeofroadwhichiscompletelynew.Morethan150,000cyclistshaveusedthebikepathinthefirstsixmonthsofitsoperationandthetrialhasmetwithnoseriousproblems,evenduringrecenttestingusingheavyweightvehicles.Somewearandtearonthenon-slipcoatingwasexpectedandhasbeenrepaired.Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.文章大意：該文介紹了自去年11月以來(lái)，位于荷蘭北部小鎮(zhèn)Krommenie的一條70米長(zhǎng)的城鎮(zhèn)主自行車(chē)道被一層用防滑涂層處理的玻璃地磚重鋪了路面。盡管其造價(jià)高昂，但研究者預(yù)料當(dāng)該技術(shù)進(jìn)入大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)時(shí)，其成本會(huì)下降。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panels”inthefirstparagraphreferto？BA．Bikeways. B．Glasstiles.C．Solarcells. D．Non-slipcoatings.〖解析〗考查理解詞匯的能力。根據(jù)panels后面的修飾它的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的意思“鋪設(shè)在混凝土基座上”和本句后半部分提到的“每個(gè)單獨(dú)的部分都包含一個(gè)太陽(yáng)能電池”可知，panels指的應(yīng)該是前面講到的glasstiles。故選B。29．Whywastheexperimentstartedwithabikepath？DA．Itisveryeasytobuild.B．Itischeapandlight.C．Itisfrequentlyused.D．Itisworkableandsafe.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.”可知，選擇自行車(chē)道開(kāi)始實(shí)驗(yàn)的原因在于這樣做既可行又安全。故D項(xiàng)正確。30．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofsolarpanelroads？AA．Promising. B．Changeable.C．Uncertain. D．Impractical.〖解析〗考查理解觀點(diǎn)的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.”可以推斷，作者認(rèn)為太陽(yáng)能電池板道路前景好。故選A。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；changeable“可能變化的，易變的”；impractical“不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”；uncertain“不確定的”。31．Whatcanweinferaboutthesolarpanelroad？CA．Itstrialwasagreatsuccesswithnoproblems.B．Ithasnolimittotheweightofheavyvehicles.C．Itcannotbeputintoregularuseatthemoment.D．Itsmanagementwillbedifficultandexpensive.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.”可以推斷，當(dāng)前太陽(yáng)能電池板道路還不適合投入正常使用。故C項(xiàng)正確。D(2021·湖南省四校高三摸底調(diào)研聯(lián)考)Thesixthmassextinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It'shappeningnow,muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault,accordingtoastudypublishedMonday.Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspeciesandpushedmanymoretothebrinkofextinctionthroughwildlifetrade,pollution,habitatlossandtheuseoftoxicsubstances.ThefindingspublishedinthescientificjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesshowthattherateatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasacceleratedinrecentdecades.GerardoCeballosGonzález,aprofessorofecologyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicoandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,saidapproximately173specieswentextinctbetween2001and2014.“173speciesis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormalextinctionrate,”hetoldCNNinanemail.Heandhisteamfoundthatinthepast100years,morethan400vertebrate(脊椎動(dòng)物)specieswentextinct.Inthenormalcourseofevolution,suchextinctionwouldhavetakenabout10,000years,theysaid.Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.TherehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsintheEarth'shistory,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyearsago,sawdinosaursdisappear.Thepasteventswerecausedbycatastrophicchangesoftheenvironment,includingmassivevolcaniceruptionsorcollisionwithanasteroid.Thesixthmassextinction—theonehappeningnow—isdifferent:scientistssayit'scausedbyhumans.Itisbadforhumans,too.“Whenhumanityexterminates(毀滅)populationsandspeciesofothercreatures,itissawingoffthelimbonwhichitissitting,destroyingworkingpartsofourownlifesupportsystem，”saidPaulEhrlich,awell-knownprofessorandaco-authorofthenewstudy.文章大意：由于野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易、污染、棲息地喪失和有毒物質(zhì)的使用，人類(lèi)已經(jīng)使數(shù)百種物種滅絕，并將更多物種推向滅絕的邊緣。研究表明，近幾十年來(lái)物種滅絕的速度已經(jīng)加快。32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph2mean？AA．Poisonous. B．Useful.C．Alternative. D．Environment-friendly.〖解析〗考查理解詞匯的能力。畫(huà)線詞所在句中的“wildlifetrade，pollution，habitatloss”與“theuseoftoxicsubstances”并列，由此推斷畫(huà)線詞所在內(nèi)容(theuseoftoxicsubstances)應(yīng)是物種滅絕的原因之一，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和常識(shí)可知A項(xiàng)正確。33．Howdoesthewriterconvincereadersoftheseriousnessofthemassextinction？AA．Bylistingreliablestatistics.B．Byimaginingapictureoftheextinction.C．BymentioningsomenewsfromCNN.D．Byexplainingthehistoryoftheextinction.〖解析〗考查理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。通讀第三段可知，2001年至2014年間，大約有173個(gè)物種滅絕，比我們預(yù)想的在正常滅絕速度下滅絕物種的數(shù)量多25倍；在過(guò)去的100年里，有400多種脊椎動(dòng)物滅絕，在正常的進(jìn)化過(guò)程中，這樣的滅絕大約要花費(fèi)一萬(wàn)年。據(jù)此可以判斷，本文作者通過(guò)列舉可靠的數(shù)據(jù)向讀者證明了這次大規(guī)模滅絕的嚴(yán)重性。故A項(xiàng)正確。34．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？CA．Totellthedifferencebetweenthefifthandsixthextinction.B．Toexplainthecauseofthemassextinction.C．Towarnhumanstogetridoftheirwrongactions.D．Toshowthewriter'sconcernabouttheendangeredspecies.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。根據(jù)尾段表述的由人類(lèi)導(dǎo)致的第六次大規(guī)模滅絕也對(duì)人類(lèi)有危害可以推斷，尾段旨在警告人們應(yīng)當(dāng)摒棄傷害大自然的錯(cuò)誤行為。故C項(xiàng)正確。35．Whatdoesthisarticlemainlytalkabout？BA．Thechangesoftheenvironmentdoharmtowildlife.B．Thesixthmassextinctionismuchfasterthanexpected.C．Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.D．Humanshavecausedtheextinctionofhundredsofspecies.〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究：第六次大規(guī)模滅絕正在發(fā)生，且比預(yù)期的快得多。據(jù)此可知，B項(xiàng)最能概括文意。第二節(jié)閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2021·南京市高三學(xué)情調(diào)研)Howwillwekeepastronautsentertained?TheluckyresidentsoftheInternationalSpaceStationtake12-hourshifts,includingtwoandahalfhoursofgymtimeandsixandahalfhoursoflabwork,amongotherduties.36.F.Ifthetiming'sright,theycallhometocatchup.Theywatchtheirfavoritefootballgames.NASAhassentupplaythingslikeguitars,keyboards,aswellaschess.Stayingentertainedisvitalbecausewhenyou'reonlongspaceflights,feelingboredcanbedangerous.37.B.Breakingatoolisalotmoreworryingwhenyou'retryingtokeepaspaceshiponcourse.Notonlydoesplaytimekeepoperationsmooth,italsohelpsAmericansrelatetotheirhigh-flyingheroes.38.G.Maintaining(維持)aconstantlong-distancesignalwillbetough.Butwhenbandwidth(帶寬)allows，HoustoncouldbeamTVseriesforbinge-watching(瘋狂追劇)．Theagencyisalsolookingintovirtualrealitysospacetravelerscanspendanafternoonatthebeach.Whatwillthepeoplewesendtospacedoforfundecadesfromnow?“39.A，”repliesNASASeniorOperationalPsychologistJamesPicano.Foraglimpse,looktotheSouthPole'sMcMurdoResearchStation,whichoncehadabowlingalley(保齡球場(chǎng))andnowfeaturesawineandcoffeebar.40.D.“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments,theywillfindwaystoplay.Itneverceasestoamazeme.”A．Boy,IhavenoideaB．ItmayleadtoperformanceerrorsC．ItcanenableastronautstoaccomplishtheirtasksD．AsaspecieswecanalwayscomeupwithnewideasE．WeencouragecontributionsfocusedonindividualneedsF．Theysleepforeighthours,leavinganotherfourfordoingnothingG．ButastronautsmightnotalwayshavethatsolidlinkwithEarth文章大意：宇航員在長(zhǎng)期的太空飛行期間保持愉快的心情非常有利于降低危險(xiǎn)發(fā)生的機(jī)率。為此，應(yīng)當(dāng)為宇航員創(chuàng)造娛樂(lè)的機(jī)會(huì)，如讓他們觀看喜歡的足球賽、玩玩象棋等?！冀馕觥?6．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)上句可知，國(guó)際空間站的宇航員有十二小時(shí)在漂移中，在其職責(zé)范圍內(nèi)，他們有兩個(gè)半小時(shí)從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，六個(gè)半小時(shí)從事實(shí)驗(yàn)工作。據(jù)此可以判斷，空處介紹宇航員一天中其他十二小時(shí)的度過(guò)方式。故F項(xiàng)與此處匹配。37．考查上下文銜接。由前一句中的“feelingboredcanbedangerous”可知，感到厭倦是危險(xiǎn)的；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承接上文，說(shuō)明這種情況可能造成的危害。故B項(xiàng)正確。38．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下句可知，與地球保持遠(yuǎn)距離的連續(xù)聯(lián)系是很困難的；據(jù)此可知，宇航員并不能經(jīng)常與地球保持連續(xù)的聯(lián)系。故G項(xiàng)正確。39．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下句中的“replies”和該段第一句的問(wèn)題可知，空處是對(duì)所提問(wèn)題的回答，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知。A項(xiàng)與此處匹配。40．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下文“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments，theywillfindwaystoplay.”可知，如果把士兵或科學(xué)家送到狹小封閉的環(huán)境中，他們會(huì)找到玩的方法。據(jù)此可知，我們總是能找到娛樂(lè)的新方法。故D項(xiàng)正確。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。(2021·河南省洛陽(yáng)市高三期中)MickPolly,wholiveswithhisteenagedaughterCarolinainahouse,isknownasthebikeman.Overthepastfiveyears,Mickhasrepairedand41.Bhundredsofbicyclesforneedykids.Oneday,a13-year-oldboywitha42.CbikewalkedbyMick'shouse.“Iwasworkinginmy43.D；andheaskedifIcouldfixit，”saysMick,now53.MickaskedfriendsonFacebookiftheyhadthe44.Apart.Thetown'sformerpolicechiefsawthe45.Canddonatedtwousedbicycles.Micktookpartsfromeachto46.Banewsetofwheelsfortheboy.Soonafter,Mick,who47.Datoybusiness,repairedabikefortheboy'sbrotherandbuiltoneforhissister.48.Aspread,andwithintheyear,hehadfixedupdozensofbikesfor49.Bkidswhoseparentscouldn't50.Ctobuynewones.Peoplewere51.Dbikesdayandnight,saysMick.He52.Dthebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage.53.B，thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcyclesand54.Aawaynearly700newlybuiltbikes.They'refreebutthekidsmust55.Ctotwothings:“They'vegottomindwhoever's56.Dthem,andthey'vegottostudyhardatschool.Ifakid's57.Carelow,Mickrequiresateacher's58.C,sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest,”Micksays.Mickalsohopesthatthe59.Awillgetkidsoffthecouch(沙發(fā))．“WhenIwasgrowingup,weallrodeourbikes.60.Athesekidscangetsomeexercise”Micksays.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了MickPolly在過(guò)去的五年里，一直為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車(chē)的事跡。他這么做是希望這些自行車(chē)能讓孩子們從沙發(fā)上起來(lái)，得到一些鍛煉。41．A.purchased B．builtC．invented D．found〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去的五年里，米克為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車(chē)。A.purchased購(gòu)買(mǎi)；B.built制造，修建；C.invented發(fā)明；D.found找到。根據(jù)后文“hundredsofbicyclesforneedykids”可知米克為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車(chē)。后文“nearly700newlybuiltbikes”也有〖提示〗。故選B。42．A.new B．sharedC．broken D．waste〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一個(gè)騎著一輛壞了的自行車(chē)的13歲男孩經(jīng)過(guò)米克的家。A.new新的；B.shared共享的；C.broken弄壞了的，破碎的；D.waste廢棄的。根據(jù)后文“askedifIcouldfixit”可知男孩騎的車(chē)是壞了的。故選C。43．A.market B．studyC．office D．garage〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我在車(chē)庫(kù)里工作，他問(wèn)我能不能把它修好，”現(xiàn)年53歲的米克說(shuō)。A.market市場(chǎng)；B.study書(shū)房，學(xué)習(xí)；C.office辦公室；D.garage車(chē)庫(kù)。根據(jù)上文“walkedbyMick'shouse”可推知米克當(dāng)時(shí)最有可能在家中的車(chē)庫(kù)里。后文“inhisgarage”也是〖提示〗。故選D。44．A.missing B．challengingC．best-selling D．developing〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：米克在Facebook上問(wèn)朋友們是否有自行車(chē)缺失的部件。A.missing缺少的；B.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；C.best-selling最暢銷(xiāo)的；D.developing發(fā)展中的。根據(jù)后文“Micktookpartsfromeach”可知米克在網(wǎng)上找這輛自行車(chē)缺失的部件。故選A。45．A.truth B．emailC．post D．a(chǎn)ccident〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)里的前警察局長(zhǎng)看到了這個(gè)帖子，并捐贈(zèng)了兩輛二手自行車(chē)。A.truth真理；B.email電子郵件；C.post帖子；D.accident事故。根據(jù)上文“MickaskedfriendsonFacebook”可知是看到網(wǎng)上的帖子。故選C。46．A.ride B．engineerC．buy D．examine〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：米克從每個(gè)車(chē)身上取零件，為這個(gè)男孩設(shè)計(jì)了一套新輪子。A.ride騎車(chē)；B.engineer設(shè)計(jì)；C.buy購(gòu)買(mǎi)；D.examine檢查。根據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)“anewsetofwheels”可知是設(shè)計(jì)新輪子，應(yīng)用engineer。故選B。47．A.obtains B．wantsC．protects D．owns〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久之后，米克擁有了一家玩具公司，他為那個(gè)男孩的哥哥修了一輛自行車(chē)，又為他妹妹造了一輛。A.obtains獲得；B.wants想要；C.protects保護(hù)；D.owns擁有。根據(jù)后文“atoybusiness”可知此處指米克擁有一家玩具公司。故選D。48．A.Word B．WealthC．Children D．Bicycles〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：消息傳開(kāi)后，不到一年，他就為當(dāng)?shù)馗改纲I(mǎi)不起新自行車(chē)的孩子們修好了幾十輛自行車(chē)。A.Word消息；B.Wealth財(cái)富；C.Children孩子；D.Bicycles自行車(chē)。此處表示米克為當(dāng)?shù)刭I(mǎi)不起車(chē)的小孩修理自行車(chē)的消息傳開(kāi)了，wordspread表示“消息傳開(kāi)”。故選A。49．A.naughty B．localC．troublesome D．a(chǎn)ggressive〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.naughty淘氣的；B.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；C.troublesome麻煩的；D.aggressive侵略性的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)是為當(dāng)?shù)氐?local)孩子修理自行車(chē)，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。50．A.spare B．spendC．a(chǎn)fford D．earn〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.spare抽出；B.spend花費(fèi)；C.afford買(mǎi)得起；D.earn賺得。結(jié)合上文孩子們的自行車(chē)破舊了也只能修理而不是買(mǎi)新的，說(shuō)明他們的父母買(mǎi)不起新車(chē)。故選C。51．A.breakingdown B．fallingfromC．makinguseof D．droppingoff〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：“人們不分晝夜地放下自行車(chē)，”米克說(shuō)。A.breakingdown出故障；B.fallingfrom從……落下；C.makinguseof利用；D.droppingoff放下，減少。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境“Peoplewere...bikesdayandnight”可知米克為大家修理自行車(chē)，所以人們是放下自行車(chē)。故選D。52．A.creates B．hidesC．practices D．stores〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他把自行車(chē)和自行車(chē)零件儲(chǔ)存在車(chē)庫(kù)里。A.creates創(chuàng)造；B.hides隱藏；C.practices練習(xí)；D.stores儲(chǔ)存。根據(jù)后文“thebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage”可知他把自行車(chē)和自行車(chē)零件儲(chǔ)存在車(chē)庫(kù)里。故選D。53．A.Totheend B．TodateC．Tobeginwith D．Tosumup〖解析〗考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：到目前為止，米克已經(jīng)修理了數(shù)百輛自行車(chē)，并贈(zèng)送了近700輛新造的自行車(chē)。A.Totheend到底；B.Todate到目前為止；C.Tobeginwith首先；D.Tosumup總之。結(jié)合后文“thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcycles”可知表示“到目前為止(Todate)，自行車(chē)人已經(jīng)修理了數(shù)百輛自行車(chē)”。故選B。54．A.given B．thrownC．put D．got〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意同上。A.givenaway贈(zèng)送；B.thrownaway扔掉；C.putaway放好；D.gotaway逃離。結(jié)合后文“awaynearly700newlybuiltbikes”可知米克為孩子們修理好自行車(chē)，并且贈(zèng)送了700輛新車(chē)。故選A。55．A.contribute B．devoteC．a(chǎn)gree D．lead〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們是免費(fèi)的，但孩子們必須同意兩件事：“他們必須記住無(wú)論是誰(shuí)撫養(yǎng)了他們，他們必須在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)?！盇.contribute貢獻(xiàn)；B.devote致力于；C.agree同意；D.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。結(jié)合后文提到了米克對(duì)孩子們的兩項(xiàng)要求，可知要得到這些免費(fèi)自行車(chē)，孩子們必須同意兩件事。故選C。56．A.educating B．needingC．recommending D．raising〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.educating教育；B.needing需要；C.recommending推薦；D.raising撫養(yǎng)，提高。后文“them”指的是孩子們，因此是讓孩子們記住無(wú)論是誰(shuí)在撫養(yǎng)他們，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。57．A.heights B．positionsC．grades D．spirits〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果一個(gè)孩子的成績(jī)很低，米克就需要一個(gè)老師證明，說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)盡力了，”米克說(shuō)。A.heights高度；B.positions位置；C.grades成績(jī)；D.spirits精神。結(jié)合后文“Mickrequiresateacher's”以及“they'redoingtheirbest”可知此處指的是孩子在學(xué)校的成績(jī)低，故選C。58．A.presence B．noteC．certificate D．permit〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.presence出席；B.note筆記；C.certificate證明書(shū)，證書(shū)；D.permit允許。結(jié)合后文“sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest”可知對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)低的孩子，米克需要他們的老師為他們證明，他們確實(shí)盡力了。故選C。59．A.bikes B．schoolsC．textbooks D．cars〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：米克還希望這些自行車(chē)能讓孩子們從沙發(fā)上起來(lái)。A.bikes自行車(chē)；B.schools學(xué)校；C.textbooks課本；D.cars汽車(chē)。結(jié)合后文“weallrodeou