高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考案3必修三練習(xí)含解析外研版

一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修三綜合過關(guān)規(guī)范限時檢測第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthemanprobablydoaftertheconversation？BA．Waitthere. B．Sitdown.C．Findaman.2．Whoarethespeakerstalkingabout？AA．Anactor. B．Awriter.C．Awaiter.3．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？CA．Atanairport. B．Onabus.C．Onaplane.4．WhenwillthewomanleaveforNewYork？CA．OnMonday.B．OnTuesday.C．OnWednesday.5．Whyisthemanworried？AA．Therewillbeatesttomorrow.B．Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.C．Thewomanisunwillingtohelphim.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatarethespeakersbusydoing？BA.They'reworkingonachemistryexperiment.B．They'repreparingforthechemistryexam.C．Theyaredoingsomephysicshomework.7．Wherearethespeakers？BA．Onthecampus.B．Inthelibrary.C．Intheclassroom.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing？AA．Thewaysofrelaxation.B．Theeffectsofstress.C．Theideasofhealthylife.9．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutcomputergames？CA．Sometimesthey'rerelaxing.B．Shefeelsithardtoplaythem.C．It'snogoodplayingthemlong.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando？CA．Keepapetdog.B．Haveagoodrest.C．Dooutdooractivities.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhereisRickworkingnow？BA．Inatravelcompany.B．Inalawoffice.C．Inahotel.12．HowdoesRickfeelabouthistrip？AA．Excited. B．Curious.C．Nervous.13．WhenwillRickleave？BA．Inthreedays.B．Inaweek.C．Inamonth.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？AA．Atabank.B．Atahotel.C．Atapostoffice.15．Whereshouldthewomanwritethedate？CA．Ontheleft-handside.B．Ontheright-handside.C．Inthetopright-handcorner.16．WhatshouldthewomanwriteafterthewordPAY？CA．ONLY. B．200.C．CASH.17．Whatshouldthewomanwriteinthebottomrighthandcorner？AA．Hername. B．Theyear.C．Theamount.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whendoesthistalktakeplace？BA．Afterthefinalexams.B．Attheendoftheschoolyear.C．Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear.19．Whatwillleadtoafine？BA．Failingtovacate(騰出，空出)theroombyJune3rd.B．Notturningintheroomkeybeforeleaving.C．Notclearingpersonalthingsoutoftheroom.20．Whatdothestudentshavetoreportontheform？AA．Anydamagetotheirrooms.B．Theirsummeraddresses.C．Questionsforthehousingoffice.附聽力原文：Text1M：Excuseme，mayIsithere?Imean,aretheseseatstaken?W：No,theyaren't.Goahead,please.Text2W：Youwenttothetheatrelastnight,andwhatdoyouthinkoftheactorwhoplayedHamlet?M：Oh,Ithinkhedidagreatjob.Text3W：I'msorry，butthere'snosmokingonthisflight.M：Oh,sorry.Ididn'tknowthat.Text4M：Hey,Lucy.WhenwillyouleaveforNewYork?W：Er...TodayisMonday.IwillleaveforNewYorkthedayaftertomorrow.Text5M：I'mreallyworriedaboutmychemistryexamtomorrow.W：Well，I'vefinishedsomehomework,soIcouldprobablyhelpyouforalittlewhile.Text6W：Hello，Patrick!Whichclassareyouworkingonrightnow?M：Hi,Jenny!I'mstudyingformychemistryexamtomorrow.W：AreyouinMrsGreen'sclass?M：Yes.Whataboutyou?W：I'm,too.Wemusthavethesameexamtomorrow!M：Doyouwanttostudytogether?W：Sure.Thislibraryisnotquietthough.M：Doyouwanttogotoanemptyclassroom?W：Thatsoundsgood.M：OK.Let'sgo.Text7W：Ithinkit'sveryimportanttorelaxbecauseifyoudon't,youcangettoostressed.Whatdoyouthink?M：Yes,Ithinkso.OnceIevengotillbecauseIwastoostressedoutstudyingforexams!Butwhatdoyoudotorelax?W：Well,sometimesIgotomyroomandliedownandlistentomyfavoritemusic,orreadabook.Whataboutyou?M：IfIwanttorelax，Ioftenplaycomputergames.W：Idon'tthinkcomputergamesarerelaxing—theycanbesoexcitingandthenit'sdifficulttostopplaying.M：It'snotaproblemforme.It'sgoodfun.Isometimesplayuntilmidnight.W：Really?That'stoobadforyourhealth.You'dbetternotstayupforitagain.Goingoutisabetterway.Isometimesliketotakemydogforalongwalkinthecountryorapark.Thatmakesmefeelhealthyandrelaxed.M：Iagreewithyou.Text8W：HaveyouheardthatthebossofthelawofficewhereRickworkswantshimtoflytoBraziltodoamonth'sworkthere?M：That'snice.He'llloveitbecauseeverythingwillbepaidfor,suchasairtravel,meals,hotelsandthisishisfirsttimetogetoutoftheStates.W：Indeed,youwon'tbelievehowmuchheislookingforwardtoitandhowmuchhislittlesisteradmireshim.Heisgoingtoenjoylyingonthebeacheswhenworkisdone,andhepromisestobuyhissistergifts.M：Whoelseisgoingbesideshim?W：He'sgoingalone.M：Whenwillhebeleaving?W：Hewastoldaboutitthreedaysago.AndIthinkhewillleaveinaweek.Text9W：Iwouldliketoknowhowtomakeoutthischeck.M：Right.Erm...doyouwanttodrawoutsomemoney?W：Yes.￡200.M：￡200.OK.Well,thefirstthingyouneedtodoiswritetoday'sdateandtheyearinthetopright-handcornerwhereyouseetheline.Youmustputtheyearin.Andcanyouseeoverontheleft-handside?W：Thefirst...line?M：That'sit.OnthefirstlineitsaysPAYandyouwriteCASHafterwards.W：Inletters?M：Yes.CASH,youwriteCASH,OK?Thenrightbelowthat,youhavetowritetheamountofmoneyyouwant.SojusttwohundredpoundsandthenyouwriteONLYattheendinwords.Thenattheendofthatlinewhereyoucanseethebox,seeoverontheright-handsideandyouhavetowritetheamountyouwantinnumbers.Andthenbelowthebox,thelastthingyouhavetodointhebottomright-handcornerisjustwriteyoursignature.W：OK.Thankyouverymuch.Text10Goodafternoon.I'mJohnHolland,housingdirectorhereattheuniversity.I'mvisitingallthedormitoriesthisweektoinformstudentsaboutcheckoutprocedures.Iknowyouhavealotonyourmindwithfinalscomingup,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtobeawareof,asyoupreparetoleaveforvacation.ThisdormitorywillbeclosedduringthesummermonthsandwillreopeninSeptember.YoumustvacateyourroombyJune3rd.Andyoushouldremembertoturninyourroomkeybeforeyouleave.Failuretoreturnyourkeycanresultina25-dollarfine.Youmustalsomakesurethatallofyourpersonalthingshavebeenclearedoutofyourroom.I'llbehandingoutaformforyoutofilloutconcerningtheconditionofyourroom.Youshouldreportontheformanydamagetoyourroomwhichhasoccurredoverthelastyear,suchasholesintheroom'swalls,doororwindows.Thatway,wewillknowwheretomakerepairsbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecallmyoffice.第二節(jié)到此結(jié)束。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A(2021·四川省八校聯(lián)考)NationalSpaceCenter,LeicesterAninteractivemuseumofsupersizespaceexperiences:fromagiantplanetEarthyoucantouchtheUK'sbiggestdomedplanetarium(圓頂天文館)anda42-meterrockettower.Youcan'tmissthelatterasyoudriveintoLeicester—thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows.Inside,ithousesBlueStreakandThorAblerockets.Takeinthefullscaleofthembyridingaglass-sidedliftuptotheviewingplatform.Elsewhere,therearesixgallerieswithplentyofbuttonstopressandscreenstotouch.It'sallundercoversoit'sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday!Whataboutlunch?TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks(hotdogsfrom￡4.95,plusjacketpotatoes，soups,sandwichesandsalads)atthefootofthecenter'stworockets.Thecafeoffersvegetarianandveganoptionstoo.GettingthereThereisaregularbusservice(No.54)withastoptwominutes'walkfromthecenter,aswellasapark-and-fideservicefromBirstall.EastMidlandsTrainsandCross-CountryTrainsoperateservicestotheLeicesterstation,fromwhichthecenterisa25-minutebusride.Ifyoudrive,it'sjustofftheA6,northofthecitycenter.Parkingis￡3fortheday.ValueformoneyIt'snotcheap—adults:￡15,5to16-year-olds:￡12,butonceyou'vepaidyoucanrevisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunderfive.Openinghours10a．m.—4p．m.MondaytoFriday,10a．m.-5p．m.weekendsandschoolholidays.文章大意：文章介紹了萊斯特國家太空中心博物館的參觀信息。21．WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbefoundwhenyouvisittheNationalSpaceCenter？AA．Abiginflatablepillow.B．Adomedplanetarium.C．TheBoostersCafe.D．Ahighrockettower.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows”可知，這個建筑看起來像被一個巨大的充氣式枕頭包裹了一樣，故參觀時不能看到的是“一個巨大的充氣式枕頭”。故A項正確。22．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle？CA．VisitorscanarriveattheentrancetothecenterbyonlytakingtheNo.54bus.B．Ittakesvisitors25minutestogettothecenterfromtheLeicesterstationbyridingabike.C．Snacksanddrinksareservedatreasonableprices.D．Althoughtheparkingfeeisreasonable,therearelimitedparkinglots.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Whataboutlunch？部分中的“servesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks”可知，快餐和飲料價格合理。游客可以自駕前往，故A項(只能乘坐54路公交車才能到)錯誤；25分鐘是坐車花費的時間而非騎車花費的時間，故B項錯誤；文中未提到“停車區(qū)有限”，故排除D項。故選C項。23．Ifacouplewanttotaketheirdaughter,aprimaryschoolstudent,andtheir15-year-oldsontothespacecenter,howmuchwilltheyspendonthetickets？DA．￡45. B．￡57.C．￡42. D．￡54.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Valueformoney部分中的“adults：￡15,5to16-year-olds：￡12”可知，一對夫婦要帶上上小學(xué)的女兒和15歲的兒子去參觀，需付(15＋15＋12＋12)＝54英鎊。故D項正確。B(2021·山東新高考第一次模擬)Everysooften,someonesoyoungdoessomethingsoamazingthatyoucan'thelpbutwonderhowhemanagesit.That'swhathappenedthefirsttimeweheardMatthewWhitakerplaythepiano.Matthewisajazzpianistwhoisblind,andsincetheageof11,he'sbeenperformingaroundtheworld.MatthewWhitakerwasbornatthe24thweek.Heweighed1poundand11ounces.Hisparentsweretoldhehadalessthan50%chanceofsurvival.Oneofthemanycomplications(并發(fā)癥)hefacedwasadiseasewhichledtoblindness.NooneinMatthew'sfamilywasamusician,buthisgrandfatherboughthimhisfirstkeyboardwhenhewasthreeyearsold.Itdidn'ttakelongforMatthewtoshowthathehadagift.SotheWhitakersdecidedtogetMatthewateacher，whichprovedtobedifficult.“Atthetime,wegotalotofanswersthathe'stooyoungandtheydon'tknowhowtoteachablindchild，”MosesWhitakersaid.“Hewasthreeyearsoldatthetime.”Finally,DaliaSakasagreedtomeetMatthew.DaliaisthedirectorofmusicstudiesatamusicschoolinNewYorkCity,aschoolforthevisuallyimpaired.Tohersurprise,Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.“BecauseitisraretomeetsuchapersonandIwanttomakethatpossible.”Shedid.Matthewhasplayedinmorethan200clubsandconcerthallsaroundtheworld.Hisloveofmusichasneverbeenindoubt.Matthew'slatestalbumiscalledNowHearThis.OnecriticnotedthatitsoundedlikeMatthewwasplayingwithsixhands.文章大意：MatthewWhitaker因為早產(chǎn)的并發(fā)癥而失明，但他在鋼琴演奏方面卻有過人的天賦，經(jīng)過了曲折的求學(xué)過程，Matthew最終取得了非凡的成就。24．WhichwordbestdescribesMatthewasapianist？CA．Fruitless. B．Ordinary.C．Remarkable. D．Ambitious.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，Matthew作為一名盲人鋼琴家從十一歲時便開始了全球巡演，由此可知C選項“非凡的，引人注目的”符合題意。故選C。A項意為“徒然的；無成效的”；B項意為“平凡的，普通的”；D項意為“有雄心的，有野心的”。25．WhatwastherootcauseofMatthew'sblindness？AA．Hisprematurebirth.B．Hislowweight.C．Hislowchanceofsurvival.D．Adiseaserunninginhisfamily.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段可知，Matthew是一個早產(chǎn)兒，早產(chǎn)帶來了很多并發(fā)癥，其中的一種并發(fā)癥導(dǎo)致他失明。故選A。26．WhatincreasedthedifficultyfindingMatthewamusicteacher?CA．Hisfamilybackground. B．Hislackoftalent.C．Hisageanddisability. D．Hischaracter.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段引號內(nèi)的內(nèi)容可知，老師們有很多回復(fù)說Matthew太小，且他們不知該如何教導(dǎo)一個盲人小孩，故可知C項“他的年齡和殘疾”正確。27．WhydidDaliaacceptMatthewasherstudent？BA.BecauseshesympathizedwithMatthewforhisexperience.B．BecauseshewasstruckbyMatthew'stalentformusic.C．BecauseshegaveintotheinsistenceofMatthew'sgrandfather.D．Becausesheknewhowtoteachablindstudent.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Tohersurprise，Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.”和最后一句話可推知，Dalia被Matthew的音樂天賦打動了，決定教他。故選B。C(2021·日照市高三第一次校際聯(lián)考)SinceNovemberlastyear,cyclistsinthenorthernDutchtown,Krommenie,havebeenpartofarevolutionaryexperiment—alengthof70metersofthetown'smainbikewayhasbeenresurfacedwithalayerofglasstiles(地磚)treatedwithanonslipcoating.Thepanels，whicharelaidonabedofconcrete,areonlyonecentimeterthickbutit'swhat'sinsidetheglassthatmakesthemtrulyimpressive—eachindividualsectioncontainsasolarcellandtogethertheyformonelongenergyproductionnetwork.Therewereanumberofreasonstostartwithabikepath.Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.Inabikepath,theloadsarenottooheavyandtherequirementsarenottoosevere.TheKrommenieexperimenthasthreegoals.Oneistoseehowitperformstechnicallyandwhattheenergyproductionis.Thesecondgoalistoknowwhatthesatisfactionoftheusersis:dotheyhaveanykindofdiscomfortornegativeperception(看法)?Andthelastthingistoseeiftheroadmanagersarecomfortablewiththistypeofroadwhichiscompletelynew.Morethan150,000cyclistshaveusedthebikepathinthefirstsixmonthsofitsoperationandthetrialhasmetwithnoseriousproblems,evenduringrecenttestingusingheavyweightvehicles.Somewearandtearonthenon-slipcoatingwasexpectedandhasbeenrepaired.Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.文章大意：該文介紹了自去年11月以來，位于荷蘭北部小鎮(zhèn)Krommenie的一條70米長的城鎮(zhèn)主自行車道被一層用防滑涂層處理的玻璃地磚重鋪了路面。盡管其造價高昂，但研究者預(yù)料當(dāng)該技術(shù)進(jìn)入大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)時，其成本會下降。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panels”inthefirstparagraphreferto？BA．Bikeways. B．Glasstiles.C．Solarcells. D．Non-slipcoatings.〖解析〗考查理解詞匯的能力。根據(jù)panels后面的修飾它的非限制性定語從句的意思“鋪設(shè)在混凝土基座上”和本句后半部分提到的“每個單獨的部分都包含一個太陽能電池”可知，panels指的應(yīng)該是前面講到的glasstiles。故選B。29．Whywastheexperimentstartedwithabikepath？DA．Itisveryeasytobuild.B．Itischeapandlight.C．Itisfrequentlyused.D．Itisworkableandsafe.〖解析〗考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.”可知，選擇自行車道開始實驗的原因在于這樣做既可行又安全。故D項正確。30．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofsolarpanelroads？AA．Promising. B．Changeable.C．Uncertain. D．Impractical.〖解析〗考查理解觀點的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.”可以推斷，作者認(rèn)為太陽能電池板道路前景好。故選A。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；changeable“可能變化的，易變的”；impractical“不現(xiàn)實的”；uncertain“不確定的”。31．Whatcanweinferaboutthesolarpanelroad？CA．Itstrialwasagreatsuccesswithnoproblems.B．Ithasnolimittotheweightofheavyvehicles.C．Itcannotbeputintoregularuseatthemoment.D．Itsmanagementwillbedifficultandexpensive.〖解析〗考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.”可以推斷，當(dāng)前太陽能電池板道路還不適合投入正常使用。故C項正確。D(2021·湖南省四校高三摸底調(diào)研聯(lián)考)Thesixthmassextinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It'shappeningnow,muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault,accordingtoastudypublishedMonday.Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspeciesandpushedmanymoretothebrinkofextinctionthroughwildlifetrade,pollution,habitatlossandtheuseoftoxicsubstances.ThefindingspublishedinthescientificjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesshowthattherateatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasacceleratedinrecentdecades.GerardoCeballosGonzález,aprofessorofecologyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicoandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,saidapproximately173specieswentextinctbetween2001and2014.“173speciesis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormalextinctionrate,”hetoldCNNinanemail.Heandhisteamfoundthatinthepast100years,morethan400vertebrate(脊椎動物)specieswentextinct.Inthenormalcourseofevolution,suchextinctionwouldhavetakenabout10,000years,theysaid.Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.TherehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsintheEarth'shistory,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyearsago,sawdinosaursdisappear.Thepasteventswerecausedbycatastrophicchangesoftheenvironment,includingmassivevolcaniceruptionsorcollisionwithanasteroid.Thesixthmassextinction—theonehappeningnow—isdifferent:scientistssayit'scausedbyhumans.Itisbadforhumans,too.“Whenhumanityexterminates(毀滅)populationsandspeciesofothercreatures,itissawingoffthelimbonwhichitissitting,destroyingworkingpartsofourownlifesupportsystem，”saidPaulEhrlich,awell-knownprofessorandaco-authorofthenewstudy.文章大意：由于野生動物貿(mào)易、污染、棲息地喪失和有毒物質(zhì)的使用，人類已經(jīng)使數(shù)百種物種滅絕，并將更多物種推向滅絕的邊緣。研究表明，近幾十年來物種滅絕的速度已經(jīng)加快。32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph2mean？AA．Poisonous. B．Useful.C．Alternative. D．Environment-friendly.〖解析〗考查理解詞匯的能力。畫線詞所在句中的“wildlifetrade，pollution，habitatloss”與“theuseoftoxicsubstances”并列，由此推斷畫線詞所在內(nèi)容(theuseoftoxicsubstances)應(yīng)是物種滅絕的原因之一，結(jié)合選項和常識可知A項正確。33．Howdoesthewriterconvincereadersoftheseriousnessofthemassextinction？AA．Bylistingreliablestatistics.B．Byimaginingapictureoftheextinction.C．BymentioningsomenewsfromCNN.D．Byexplainingthehistoryoftheextinction.〖解析〗考查理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。通讀第三段可知，2001年至2014年間，大約有173個物種滅絕，比我們預(yù)想的在正常滅絕速度下滅絕物種的數(shù)量多25倍；在過去的100年里，有400多種脊椎動物滅絕，在正常的進(jìn)化過程中，這樣的滅絕大約要花費一萬年。據(jù)此可以判斷，本文作者通過列舉可靠的數(shù)據(jù)向讀者證明了這次大規(guī)模滅絕的嚴(yán)重性。故A項正確。34．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？CA．Totellthedifferencebetweenthefifthandsixthextinction.B．Toexplainthecauseofthemassextinction.C．Towarnhumanstogetridoftheirwrongactions.D．Toshowthewriter'sconcernabouttheendangeredspecies.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。根據(jù)尾段表述的由人類導(dǎo)致的第六次大規(guī)模滅絕也對人類有危害可以推斷，尾段旨在警告人們應(yīng)當(dāng)摒棄傷害大自然的錯誤行為。故C項正確。35．Whatdoesthisarticlemainlytalkabout？BA．Thechangesoftheenvironmentdoharmtowildlife.B．Thesixthmassextinctionismuchfasterthanexpected.C．Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.D．Humanshavecausedtheextinctionofhundredsofspecies.〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項新的研究：第六次大規(guī)模滅絕正在發(fā)生，且比預(yù)期的快得多。據(jù)此可知，B項最能概括文意。第二節(jié)閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2021·南京市高三學(xué)情調(diào)研)Howwillwekeepastronautsentertained?TheluckyresidentsoftheInternationalSpaceStationtake12-hourshifts,includingtwoandahalfhoursofgymtimeandsixandahalfhoursoflabwork,amongotherduties.36.F.Ifthetiming'sright,theycallhometocatchup.Theywatchtheirfavoritefootballgames.NASAhassentupplaythingslikeguitars,keyboards,aswellaschess.Stayingentertainedisvitalbecausewhenyou'reonlongspaceflights,feelingboredcanbedangerous.37.B.Breakingatoolisalotmoreworryingwhenyou'retryingtokeepaspaceshiponcourse.Notonlydoesplaytimekeepoperationsmooth,italsohelpsAmericansrelatetotheirhigh-flyingheroes.38.G.Maintaining(維持)aconstantlong-distancesignalwillbetough.Butwhenbandwidth(帶寬)allows，HoustoncouldbeamTVseriesforbinge-watching(瘋狂追劇)．Theagencyisalsolookingintovirtualrealitysospacetravelerscanspendanafternoonatthebeach.Whatwillthepeoplewesendtospacedoforfundecadesfromnow?“39.A，”repliesNASASeniorOperationalPsychologistJamesPicano.Foraglimpse,looktotheSouthPole'sMcMurdoResearchStation,whichoncehadabowlingalley(保齡球場)andnowfeaturesawineandcoffeebar.40.D.“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments,theywillfindwaystoplay.Itneverceasestoamazeme.”A．Boy,IhavenoideaB．ItmayleadtoperformanceerrorsC．ItcanenableastronautstoaccomplishtheirtasksD．AsaspecieswecanalwayscomeupwithnewideasE．WeencouragecontributionsfocusedonindividualneedsF．Theysleepforeighthours,leavinganotherfourfordoingnothingG．ButastronautsmightnotalwayshavethatsolidlinkwithEarth文章大意：宇航員在長期的太空飛行期間保持愉快的心情非常有利于降低危險發(fā)生的機(jī)率。為此，應(yīng)當(dāng)為宇航員創(chuàng)造娛樂的機(jī)會，如讓他們觀看喜歡的足球賽、玩玩象棋等?！冀馕觥?6．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)上句可知，國際空間站的宇航員有十二小時在漂移中，在其職責(zé)范圍內(nèi)，他們有兩個半小時從事體育運動，六個半小時從事實驗工作。據(jù)此可以判斷，空處介紹宇航員一天中其他十二小時的度過方式。故F項與此處匹配。37．考查上下文銜接。由前一句中的“feelingboredcanbedangerous”可知，感到厭倦是危險的；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承接上文，說明這種情況可能造成的危害。故B項正確。38．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下句可知，與地球保持遠(yuǎn)距離的連續(xù)聯(lián)系是很困難的；據(jù)此可知，宇航員并不能經(jīng)常與地球保持連續(xù)的聯(lián)系。故G項正確。39．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下句中的“replies”和該段第一句的問題可知，空處是對所提問題的回答，結(jié)合選項可知。A項與此處匹配。40．考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)下文“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments，theywillfindwaystoplay.”可知，如果把士兵或科學(xué)家送到狹小封閉的環(huán)境中，他們會找到玩的方法。據(jù)此可知，我們總是能找到娛樂的新方法。故D項正確。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。(2021·河南省洛陽市高三期中)MickPolly,wholiveswithhisteenagedaughterCarolinainahouse,isknownasthebikeman.Overthepastfiveyears,Mickhasrepairedand41.Bhundredsofbicyclesforneedykids.Oneday,a13-year-oldboywitha42.CbikewalkedbyMick'shouse.“Iwasworkinginmy43.D；andheaskedifIcouldfixit，”saysMick,now53.MickaskedfriendsonFacebookiftheyhadthe44.Apart.Thetown'sformerpolicechiefsawthe45.Canddonatedtwousedbicycles.Micktookpartsfromeachto46.Banewsetofwheelsfortheboy.Soonafter,Mick,who47.Datoybusiness,repairedabikefortheboy'sbrotherandbuiltoneforhissister.48.Aspread,andwithintheyear,hehadfixedupdozensofbikesfor49.Bkidswhoseparentscouldn't50.Ctobuynewones.Peoplewere51.Dbikesdayandnight,saysMick.He52.Dthebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage.53.B，thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcyclesand54.Aawaynearly700newlybuiltbikes.They'refreebutthekidsmust55.Ctotwothings:“They'vegottomindwhoever's56.Dthem,andthey'vegottostudyhardatschool.Ifakid's57.Carelow,Mickrequiresateacher's58.C,sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest,”Micksays.Mickalsohopesthatthe59.Awillgetkidsoffthecouch(沙發(fā))．“WhenIwasgrowingup,weallrodeourbikes.60.Athesekidscangetsomeexercise”Micksays.文章大意：這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了MickPolly在過去的五年里，一直為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車的事跡。他這么做是希望這些自行車能讓孩子們從沙發(fā)上起來，得到一些鍛煉。41．A.purchased B．builtC．invented D．found〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在過去的五年里，米克為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車。A.purchased購買；B.built制造，修建；C.invented發(fā)明；D.found找到。根據(jù)后文“hundredsofbicyclesforneedykids”可知米克為貧困的孩子修理和制造了數(shù)百輛自行車。后文“nearly700newlybuiltbikes”也有〖提示〗。故選B。42．A.new B．sharedC．broken D．waste〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一個騎著一輛壞了的自行車的13歲男孩經(jīng)過米克的家。A.new新的；B.shared共享的；C.broken弄壞了的，破碎的；D.waste廢棄的。根據(jù)后文“askedifIcouldfixit”可知男孩騎的車是壞了的。故選C。43．A.market B．studyC．office D．garage〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我在車庫里工作，他問我能不能把它修好，”現(xiàn)年53歲的米克說。A.market市場；B.study書房，學(xué)習(xí)；C.office辦公室；D.garage車庫。根據(jù)上文“walkedbyMick'shouse”可推知米克當(dāng)時最有可能在家中的車庫里。后文“inhisgarage”也是〖提示〗。故選D。44．A.missing B．challengingC．best-selling D．developing〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：米克在Facebook上問朋友們是否有自行車缺失的部件。A.missing缺少的；B.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的；C.best-selling最暢銷的；D.developing發(fā)展中的。根據(jù)后文“Micktookpartsfromeach”可知米克在網(wǎng)上找這輛自行車缺失的部件。故選A。45．A.truth B．emailC．post D．a(chǎn)ccident〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鎮(zhèn)里的前警察局長看到了這個帖子，并捐贈了兩輛二手自行車。A.truth真理；B.email電子郵件；C.post帖子；D.accident事故。根據(jù)上文“MickaskedfriendsonFacebook”可知是看到網(wǎng)上的帖子。故選C。46．A.ride B．engineerC．buy D．examine〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：米克從每個車身上取零件，為這個男孩設(shè)計了一套新輪子。A.ride騎車；B.engineer設(shè)計；C.buy購買；D.examine檢查。根據(jù)后文賓語“anewsetofwheels”可知是設(shè)計新輪子，應(yīng)用engineer。故選B。47．A.obtains B．wantsC．protects D．owns〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不久之后，米克擁有了一家玩具公司，他為那個男孩的哥哥修了一輛自行車，又為他妹妹造了一輛。A.obtains獲得；B.wants想要；C.protects保護(hù)；D.owns擁有。根據(jù)后文“atoybusiness”可知此處指米克擁有一家玩具公司。故選D。48．A.Word B．WealthC．Children D．Bicycles〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：消息傳開后，不到一年，他就為當(dāng)?shù)馗改纲I不起新自行車的孩子們修好了幾十輛自行車。A.Word消息；B.Wealth財富；C.Children孩子；D.Bicycles自行車。此處表示米克為當(dāng)?shù)刭I不起車的小孩修理自行車的消息傳開了，wordspread表示“消息傳開”。故選A。49．A.naughty B．localC．troublesome D．a(chǎn)ggressive〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.naughty淘氣的；B.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；C.troublesome麻煩的；D.aggressive侵略性的。結(jié)合語境應(yīng)是為當(dāng)?shù)氐?local)孩子修理自行車，其他選項不符合語境。故選B。50．A.spare B．spendC．a(chǎn)fford D．earn〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.spare抽出；B.spend花費；C.afford買得起；D.earn賺得。結(jié)合上文孩子們的自行車破舊了也只能修理而不是買新的，說明他們的父母買不起新車。故選C。51．A.breakingdown B．fallingfromC．makinguseof D．droppingoff〖解析〗考查動詞短語辨析。句意：“人們不分晝夜地放下自行車，”米克說。A.breakingdown出故障；B.fallingfrom從……落下；C.makinguseof利用；D.droppingoff放下，減少。結(jié)合前后文語境“Peoplewere...bikesdayandnight”可知米克為大家修理自行車，所以人們是放下自行車。故選D。52．A.creates B．hidesC．practices D．stores〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他把自行車和自行車零件儲存在車庫里。A.creates創(chuàng)造；B.hides隱藏；C.practices練習(xí)；D.stores儲存。根據(jù)后文“thebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage”可知他把自行車和自行車零件儲存在車庫里。故選D。53．A.Totheend B．TodateC．Tobeginwith D．Tosumup〖解析〗考查短語辨析。句意：到目前為止，米克已經(jīng)修理了數(shù)百輛自行車，并贈送了近700輛新造的自行車。A.Totheend到底；B.Todate到目前為止；C.Tobeginwith首先；D.Tosumup總之。結(jié)合后文“thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcycles”可知表示“到目前為止(Todate)，自行車人已經(jīng)修理了數(shù)百輛自行車”。故選B。54．A.given B．thrownC．put D．got〖解析〗考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.givenaway贈送；B.thrownaway扔掉；C.putaway放好；D.gotaway逃離。結(jié)合后文“awaynearly700newlybuiltbikes”可知米克為孩子們修理好自行車，并且贈送了700輛新車。故選A。55．A.contribute B．devoteC．a(chǎn)gree D．lead〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們是免費的，但孩子們必須同意兩件事：“他們必須記住無論是誰撫養(yǎng)了他們，他們必須在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)?！盇.contribute貢獻(xiàn)；B.devote致力于；C.agree同意；D.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。結(jié)合后文提到了米克對孩子們的兩項要求，可知要得到這些免費自行車，孩子們必須同意兩件事。故選C。56．A.educating B．needingC．recommending D．raising〖解析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.educating教育；B.needing需要；C.recommending推薦；D.raising撫養(yǎng)，提高。后文“them”指的是孩子們，因此是讓孩子們記住無論是誰在撫養(yǎng)他們，其他選項不符合語境。故選D。57．A.heights B．positionsC．grades D．spirits〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果一個孩子的成績很低，米克就需要一個老師證明，說他們已經(jīng)盡力了，”米克說。A.heights高度；B.positions位置；C.grades成績；D.spirits精神。結(jié)合后文“Mickrequiresateacher's”以及“they'redoingtheirbest”可知此處指的是孩子在學(xué)校的成績低，故選C。58．A.presence B．noteC．certificate D．permit〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.presence出席；B.note筆記；C.certificate證明書，證書；D.permit允許。結(jié)合后文“sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest”可知對于學(xué)習(xí)成績低的孩子，米克需要他們的老師為他們證明，他們確實盡力了。故選C。59．A.bikes B．schoolsC．textbooks D．cars〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：米克還希望這些自行車能讓孩子們從沙發(fā)上起來。A.bikes自行車；B.schools學(xué)校；C.textbooks課本；D.cars汽車。結(jié)合后文“weallrodeou