考研英語閱讀模擬178

［模擬］考研英語閱讀模擬178

多項選擇

Somepioneeringworkthatbeganasanattempttodiscoverwaysto

increaseproductionefficiencyledtothefoundingofthehumanrelations

movementinindustryandtothedevelopmentofmotivationalskillsand

toolsformanagers.In1927researcherswereinvolvedindeterminingthe

optimumamountoflighting,temperature,andhumidity(withlighting

beingconsideredthemost

Line(5)important)fortheassemblyofelectroniccomponentsat

WesternElectric.Theresearchersfoundthatlightinghadnoconsistent

effectonproduction.Infact,productionsometimesincreasedwhen

lightingwasreducedtothelevelofordinarymoonlight!Theimportant

partofthisexperimentbeganwhentwoHarvardresearchers,EltonMayo

andFritzRoethlisberger,werebroughtintoinvestigatetheseunexpected

resultsfurther.Theyfoundthatworkerswererespondingnottothe

Line(10)leveloflightingbuttothefactthattheywerebeing

observedbytheexperimenters.

ThisphenomenoncametobeknownastheHawthorneeffectsince

theexperimentswereconductedattheWesternElectricHawthorneplant.

Thiswasthefirstdocumentedandwidelypublishedevidenceofthe

psychologicaleffectsondoingwork,anditledtothefirstseriouseffort

aimedatexaminingpsychologicalandsocialfactorsintheworkplace.

Furtherexperimentswere

Line(15)continuedforfiveyears.Generally,theresearchers

concludedfromtheirexperimentsthateconomicmotivation(pay)wasnot

thesolesourceofproductivityand,insomecases,noteventhemost

importantsource.Throughinterviewsandtestresults,theresearchers

focusedontheeffectsofworkattitudes,supervision,andthepeergroup

andothersocialforces,onproductivity.

Theirfindingslaidthegroundworkformodernmotivationtheory,

andthestudyofhumanfac-Line(20)torsonthejob,whichcontinuesto

thisdayinsuchcommonpracticesasselectionandtraining,establishing

favorableworkconditions,counseling,andpersonneloperations.The

contributionsofthisexperimentshiftedthefocusofhumanmotivation

fromeconomicstoamultifacetedapproachincludingpsychologicaland

socialforces.

第1題:

i

Whatisthepassageprimarilyabout?

A.Thefirstwidelypublisheddevelopmentinmodernmotivationtheory

B.Shiftingthefocusofhumanmotivationfromeconomicstoa

multifacetedapproach

C.Theimportanceofcarefulresearch

D.TheresultsofapioneeringstudyatWesternElectric

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第2題：

Theword“optimum“inline4isclosestinmeaningto

A.positive

B.favorable

C.best

D.alternate

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第3題：

Themostsignificantfindingoftheoriginalresearchwas

A.lightinghadnoconsistenteffectonproduction

B.productionsometimesincreasedwhenlightingwasreducedtothe

levelofordinarymoonlight.

C.thatlightingwasnomoreimportantthantheotherfactorsof

temperatureandhumidity.

D.theresultswereunexpectedandconfusing.

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第4題：

Whydoestheauthorsaythattheimportantpartofthisresearchbegan

whentwoHarvardresearcherswerebroughtin(lines7-9)

A.Untilthentheresearchhadbeenpoorlyconducted

B.Theytookamultifacetedapproach

C.Theresultsoftheoriginalresearchdidnotmakesense

D.Harvardhasagoodreputationinconductingresearch

參考答案：B

2

答案解析:

第5題：

Theresearchbecameknownasthe“Hawthorneeffect“because

A.itwasthenameoftheplantwherethestudywasconducted

B.ItwasthenamesuggestedbytheHarvardresearchers

C.Itwasthenameoftheprincipalexperimenter

D.TherewerehawthorneplantsgrowingatWesternElectricwherethe

studywasconducted

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第6題：

Theword"it”inline13refersto

A.theexperiment

B.economicmotivation

C.theWesternElectricHawthornplant

D.theHawthorneeffect

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第7題：

ItcanbeinferredfromthispassagethattheHawthornestudy

A.ledtolighting,temperature,andhumiditynolongerbeing

consideredimportantwhenseekingwaystoimproveproduction

B.Stimulatedfurtherresearchintoworkconditionandworkerbehavior

C.Ledtopsychologicalfactorsbecomingthemostimportant

considerationinachievingproductionefficiency

D.Ledtoeconomicconsiderationsbeinglessimportantinachieving

productivity

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第8題：

Partofthereasonforthechangeinfocusfromeconomicstoamore

multifacetedapproachtothepsychologicaleffectsondoingworkwas

A.duetotherecognitionthatworkersshouldbehappyatworkinorder

3

tomaintainhighproductivity

B.ageneralconclusionthatpaywassometimesnotthemostimportant

factor

C.becausetheHawthornestudycontinuedforsolong

D.becausetheworkersrequestedit

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第9題：

Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeconcludedthataumultifaceted

approach“tohumanmotivationintheworkplace

A.excludeseconomics

B.canleadtogreaterproductivity

C.excludesphysicalconditions

D.focusesmainlyonpsychologicalandsocialforces

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第10題:

Theword"multifaceted”inline22isclosestinmeaningto

A.versatile

B.complex

C.many-sided

D.multitude

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第11題：

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheHawthornestudy

A.Itwasthefirstdocumentedevidenceofthepsychologicaleffects

ondoingwork

B.TheHawthornestudycontinuedforfiveyears

C.Theyfoundthatworkersrespondednottotheleveloflightingbut

tothefactthatotherworkconditionswerenotfavorable

D.Thestudychangedthefocusfromeconomicstoamultifaceted

approach

參考答案：C

4

答案解析:

Thehandlinganddeliveryofmailhasalwaysbeenaseriousbusiness,

underpinnedbythetrustofthepublicinrequiringtimeliness,safety,

andconfidentiality.Afterearlybeginningsusinghorsebackand

stagecoach,andalthoughcarsandtruckslaterreplacedstagecoachesand

wagons,theRailwayMailServicestillstandsasoneofAmerica'smost

resourcefulandexcitingpostalinno-

Line(5)vations.Thisservicebeganin1832,butgrewslowlyuntil

theCivilWar.Thenfrom1862,bysortingthemailonboardmovingtrains,

thePostOfficeDepartmentwasabletodecentralizeitsoperationsas

railroadsbegantocrisscrossthenationonaregularbasis,andspeed

upmaildelivery.Thisservicelasteduntil1974.Duringpeakdecadesof

service,railwaymailclerkshandled93%ofallnon-localmailandby1905

theservicehadover12,000employees.

Line(10)RailwayPostOfficetrainsusedasystemofmailcranesto

exchangemailatstationswithoutstopping.Asatrainapproachedthe

crane,aclerkpreparedthecatcherarmwhichwouldthesnatchtheincoming

mailbagintheblinkofaneye.Theclerkthenbootedouttheoutgoing

mailbag.ExperiencedclerkswereconsideredtheeliteofthePostal

Service'semployees,andspokewithprideofmakingtheswitchatnight

withnothingbutthecurvesandfeelofthetracktowarnthem

Line(15)ofanupcomingcatch.Theyalsoworkedunderthegreatest

pressureandtheirjobswereconsideredtobeexhaustinganddangerous.

Inadditiontoregulardemandsoftheirjobstheycouldfindthemselves

thevictimsoftrainwrecksandrobberies.

Assuccessfulasitwas,“mail-on-the-fly”stillhaditsshare

ofglitches.Iftheyhoistedthetrain，scatcherarmtoosoon,theyrisked

hittingswitchtargets,telegraphpolesorsemaphores,

Line(20)whichwouldripthecatcherarmoffthetrain.Toolate,

andtheywouldmissanexchange.

第12題：

Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.HowPostOfficeTrainshandledthemailwithoutstopping

B.Theskillsofexperiencedclerks

C.Howthemailcranesexchangedthemail

D.Improvementsinmailhandlinganddelivery

參考答案：D

5

答案解析:

第13題：

Theword“underpinned“inline1isclosestinmeaningto

A.lowered

B.underlain

C.obliged

D.required

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第14題：

Thepublicexpectsthefollowingthreeservicesinhandlinganddelivery

ofmailEXCEPT

A.confidentiality

B.timeliness

C.safety

D.accuracy

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第15題:

Accordingtothepassage,theRaiIwayMai1Servicecommencedin

A.1832

B.1842

C.1874

D.1905

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第16題：

Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph

A.Mailwasoftenlostordamagedasitwasexchangedonthemailcrane

B.Therewasahighturnoverofrailwaymailclerks

C.Thedevelopmentofthemailroadsduringthesecondhalfofthe19th

centuryenabledPostOfficeDepartmenttofocusontimeliness

D.ThePostOfficeDepartmentwasmoreconcernedaboutspeedingupmail

6

deliverythanthesafetyofitsclerks

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第17題：

Theword“elite”inline13isclosestinmeaningto

A.superior

B.majority

C.morecapable

D.leader

參考答案：A

答案解析：

第18題：

Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage

A.Theclerkbootedouttheoutgoingmailbagbeforesnatchingthe

incomingbag

B.Clerkscouldn，toftenseewhattheyweredoing

C.TheRailwayMailclerk，sjobwasconsideredelitebecauseitwas

safeandexciting

D.Despitetheirsuccessrailwaymailclerksonlyhandledasmall

proportionofallnon-localmail

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第19題：

Inline16,theword“they"refersto

A.trains

B.PostalService，semployees

C.Mailbags

D.Experienceclerks

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第20題：

Theword“glitches”inline18canbereplacedby

7

A.accidents

B.blames

C.advantages

D.problems

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第21題：

WhereinthepassagedoestheauthorfirstmentionthedangersofthePost

Officeclerk，sjob?

A.Lines5-9

B.Lines10-12

C.Lines15-17

D.Lines18-20

參考答案：C

答案解析：

Consideredthemostinfluentialarchitectofhistime,FrankLloyd

Wright(1867-1959)wasborninthesmallruralcommunityofRichland

Center,Wisconsin.HeenteredtheUniversityofWisconsinattheageof

15asaspecialstudent,studyingengineeringbecausetheschoolhadno

courseinarchitecture.Attheageof20hethenwenttoworkasa

draughtsmaninChicagoinorder

Line(5)tolearnthetraditional,classicallanguageofarchitecture.

Aftermarryingintoawealthybusinessfamilyattheageof21,Wright

setuphouseinanexclusiveneighborhoodinChicago,andafterafewyears

ofworkingforanumberofarchitecturalfirms,setuphisown

architecturaloffice.

Fortwentyyearshebroughtupafamilyofsixchildrenupstairs,

andranathrivingarchitecturalpracticeoftwelveorsodraughtsmen

downstairs.Here,inanidyllicAmericansuburb,with

Line(10)giantoaks,sprawlinglawns,andnofences,Wrightbuilt

somesixtyramblinghomesbytheyear1900.Hebecametheleaderofastyle

knownasthe“Prairie”school-houseswithlow-pitchedroofsandextended

linesthatblendedintothelandscapeandtypifiedhisstyleofuorganic

architecture^.

Bytheageofforty-one,in1908,Wrighthadachieved

extraordinarysocialandprofessionalsuccess.Hegavecountlesslectures

atmajoruniversities,andstartedhisTaliesinFellowship-avi-

Line(15)sionarysocialworkshopinitself.In1938heappearedon

8

thecoverofTimemagazine,andlater,onatwocentstamp.Themost

spectacularbuildingsofhismatureperiodwerebasedonformsborrowed

fromnature,andtheintentionswereclearlyromantic,poetic,and

intenselypersonal.ExamplesofthesebuildingsareTokyo,sImperial

Hotel(1915-22:demolished1968),andNewYorkCity'sGuggenheimMuseum

(completed1959).Hecontinuedworkinguntilhisdeathin1959,at

Line(20)theageof92,althoughinhislateryears,hespentasmuch

timegivinginterviewsandbeingacelebrity,ashedidindesigning

buildings.Wrightcanbeconsideredanessentiallyidiosyncratic

architectwhoseinfluencewasimmensebutwhosepupilswerefew.

第22題：

Withwhichofthefollowingsubjectsisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

A.thedevelopmentofmodernarchitectureinAmerica

B.thecontributionsofthe“Prairie“Schooltomodernarchitecture

C.thelifeandachievementsofafamousarchitect

D.theinfluenceofthestyleof“organicarchitecture^inAmerica

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第23題：

FrankLloydWrightfirstworkedasadraughtsmanbecause

A.fortwentyyearshelivedabovehisshopandemployeddraughtsvmen

B.tolearnthelanguageofarchitecture

C.thatiswhathestudiedattheUniversityofWisconsin

D.thatistheworkofnewemployeesinarchitecturalfirms

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第24題：

Theword"some"inline10isclosestinmeaningto

A.around

B.over

C.nearly

D.exactly

參考答案：A

9

答案解析:

第25題：

Accordingtothepassage,anidyllicAmericansuburbis

A.basedonformsborrowedfromnature

B.blendedintothelandscape

C.giantoaks,sprawlinglawns,andnofences

D.houseswithlow-pitchedreefsandextendedlines

參考答案：C

答案解析：

第26題：

Theword“blended”inline12isclosestinmeaningto

A.dug

B.cut

C.imposed

D.merged

參考答案：D

答案解析：

第27題：

Theword“itself”inline15refersto

A.socialworkshop

B.TaliesinFellowship

C.He

D.Majoruniversities

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第28題：

Theword"idiosyncratic”inline21isclosestinmeaningto

A.idiotic

B.idealistic

C.individualistic

D.independent

參考答案：C

io

答案解析:

第29題:

Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.theTaliesinFellowshipwasagrantofmoney

B.manyofWright，sarchitecturalideashavenotbeentakenupbyothers

C.Wrightusedhiswife，smoneytosetuphisownarchitecturaloffice

inanexclusiveneighborhoodinChicago

D.SomeofWright，smostnotablebuildingshavebeendemolishedbecause

theywerenotpopular

參考答案：B

答案解析：

第30題:

AllofthefollowingaboutFrankLloydWrightaretrueEXCEPT

A.hebecametheleaderofastyleknownas“organicarchitecture,,

B.hediedattheageof92

C.hecommenceduniversitystudiesattheageof15

D.someofhismostspectacularbuildingswerenotinAmerica

參考答案：A

答案解析：

Thewelfareofchildrenisattheheartofmanyofthegoalsofboth

theRepublicanandDemocraticparties.Childreninpovertyperform

comparativelypoorlyinschool,havelimitedaccesstohealthcareand

aremorelikelytocommitcrimesastheygrowolder.

ColumbiaUniversity'sNationalCenterforChildreninPoverty

recentlysummarizedchildpovertyratesgatheredbytheCensusBureau,

focusingontheyears1979,1993and1998.Forthe1993to1998period

thatspanstheClintonAdministration,childrenareinfactbetteroff.

Thechildpovertyratefellfrom22.5%to18.7%.

Short-termimprovementsareconsistentwithrecentbusiness

cycletrends,indicatingthattheeconomicboomundertheClinton

Administration'swatchhasworkedtolowerthechildpovertyratefrom

itspost-recessionpeakin1993.Twelvestateshadasignificantdecline

intheirchildpovertyrateandonlyonehadasignificantincrease.

Longerterm,childpovertyratesshouldreflectrealmedian

householdincomeandthusshouldcontinuetoimproveastheexpansion

continues.RealmedianincomeintheU.S.reachedarecordin1998,

11

surpassingitsearlier1989peak.Improvingmedianincomealone,however,

isnotsufficienttomakelong-termstructuralimprovementsinchild

poverty.Whilethejoblessrateisata30-yearlowandrealmedian

householdincomeisatarecordhigh,thechildpovertyrateremainsabove

the16.2%rateof1979.Moreover,itremainssignificantlyhigherin14

statesanddeclined

inonlyfour.

Otherfactorsaredrivingthedistributionofincomethat

directlyimpactchildpovertyrates.Householdstructureisonesuch

factor.Forexample,theshareofhouseholdswithchildrenunder18years

oldandheadedbyasinglemotherincreasedfrom17.4%in1979to21.7%

in1993.Thissharecontinuedtogrowduringthe1990s,althoughatamuch

slowerpace,sothatby1998itrosetojust22.1%.

Thestructureofastate'seconomyalsocomesintoplay.In

downstateNewYorkorpartsofCalifornia,rapidgrowthdependsupona

narrowrangeofhigh-payingindustriessuchasfinancial

servicesorhigh-techthatworksverywelltosupportthe

well-educatedandskilledworkers,butprovidesfewerrungsontheladder

forlessskilledworkers.

Whatisevidentisthattheeasyperiodofimprovingchild

welfarethatcorrespondstotheshort-termbusinesscycleisprobablyover.

Thetaskisnowtoremovesomeofthestructuralfactorsthatcontribute

tolong-termtrendsinchildpoverty：insuringthatsingleparentshave

adequateincomethroughjobtraining,orthroughtougherrequirementson

child-supportpaymentsfromabsentfathers；liberalizingimmigrationlaws

soillegalhouseholdheadsbecomelegalandcanmorefullyparticipate

inthelaborforce；broadeningtrainingformoreworkerstotakehigh-tech

jobs；andspreadingthehigh-techeconomytosmallercommunities.

Thiscreatesproblemsforbothpoliticalparties.TheDemocrats

can'tsimplydependuponpastperformancetoguaranteefuturereturns.

TheRepublicansmayhavetotakeamoreactivistrolethanthatwithwhich

theyhavehistoricallybeencomfortable.[504words]

第31題：

Failuretoimprovethewelfareofchildrenisunlikelytoresultin

A.limitedavailabilityofhealthcare

B.morelikelihoodofcommittingcrimes

C.poorperformanceofchildreninschool

D.anobviousdropinchildpovertyrate

參考答案：D

12

答案解析：

［注釋］本題問的是“不改善兒童福利不大可能導致的后果?！庇傻谝欢蔚诙?/p>

uChildreninpovertyperformcomparativelypoorlyinschool,havelimited

accesstohealthcareandaremorelikelytocommitcrimesastheygrow

older."可知，選項A、B、C都是“兒童貧困”或“不改善兒童福利”可能造成

的后果，都不是答案?！安桓纳苾和＠痹斐傻暮蠊荒苁恰皟和毨省辈?/p>

變或上升，絕不可能“明顯降低”。所以，選項D正確，應為答案。

第32題：

contributeslittletolong-termimprovementsinchildpoverty.

A.Improvingmedianhouseholdincome

B.Changingthestructureofastate'seconomy

C.Dependinguponpastperformancetoensurefuturedevelopment

D.Increasingthenumberofworkersemployedinhigh-techindustries

參考答案：C

答案解析：

［注釋］本題問的是“哪一個選項最無助于兒童的貧困狀態(tài)長期得到改善?！庇?/p>

第四段第一句uLongerterm,childpovertyratesshouldreflectrealmedian

householdincomeandthusshouldcontinuetoimproveastheexpansion

continues."可知選項A有助于改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)；由第六段第一句“The

structureofastate'seconomyalsocomesintoplay.”可知選項B有助于

改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)；由第七段第二句中的“Thetaskisnowtoremovesome

ofthestructuralfactorsthatcontributetolong-termtrendsinchild

poverty：...broadeningtrainingformoreworkerstotakehigh-tech

jobs；..."可知選項D有助于改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)。所以，選項A、B、D都不

是答案。選項C“依靠過去成績確保未來發(fā)展”的說法與改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)沒

有直接聯(lián)系。所以，選項C應為答案。

第33題:

―willtakemoreresponsibilityforthefutureimprovementinchild

poverty.

A.TheDemocrats

B.TheRepublicans

C.TheCensusBureau

D.TheClintonAdministration

參考答案：B

答案解析：

［注釋］本題問的是“哪一個選項將來會對改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)承擔更多責任？”

本文發(fā)表于2000年8月，當時美國兩黨正競選總統(tǒng)，兩黨紛紛表示關心改善兒

童福利。從本文可知，原來民主黨執(zhí)政，克林頓任總統(tǒng)期間，兒童福利得到很大

改善。由本文最后一句"TheRepublicansmayhavetotakeamoreactivist

rolethanthatwithwhichtheyhavehistoricallybeencomfortable.”

13

(共和黨人看來不能再象過去那樣安逸了，必須發(fā)揮更積極的作用。)可知，選

項B應為答案。

第34題：

Thebesttitleforthispassageforthispassageshouldbe______.

A.Children,Poverty,andPolitics

B.ApproachestoChildPoverty

C.DeclineinChildPovertyRates

D.ProblemsforDemocratsandRepublicans

參考答案：A

答案解析：

［注釋］本文從美國民主、共和兩黨對兒童福利的關心談起，詳細討論了如何短

期、長期改善兒童的貧困狀態(tài)，最后一段總結了兩黨對待兒童貧困問題應采取的

態(tài)度。由此可知，選項A概括了文章討論的主題，用作標題最合適，應為答案。

Ringfarewelltothecenturyofphysics,theoneinwhichwesplit

theatomandturnedsiliconintocomputingpower.It，stimetoringin

thecenturyofbiotechnology.Justasthediscoveryoftheelectronin

1897wasaseminaleventforthe20thcentury,theseedsforthe21st

centurywerespawnedin1953,whenJamesWatsonblurtedouttoFrancis

Crickhowfournucleicacidscouldpairtoformtheself-copyingcodeof

aDNAmolecule.Nowwe'rejustafewyearsawayfromoneofthemost

importantbreakthroughsofalltime：decipheringthehumangenome,the

100,000genesencodedby3billionchemicalpairsinourDNA.

Beforethiscentury,medicineconsistedmainlyofamputation

saws,morphineandcruderemediesthatwereaboutaseffectiveas

bloodletting.Thefluepidemicof1918killedasmanypeople(morethan

20million)injustafewmonthsaswerekilledinfouryearsofWorld

WarI.Sincethen,antibioticsandvaccineshaveallowedustovanquish

entireclassesofdiseases.Asaresult,lifeexpectancyintheU.S.jumped

fromabout47yearsatthebeginningofthecenturyto76now.

But20thcenturymedicinedidlittletoincreasethenatural

life-spanofhealthyhumans.Thenextmedicalrevolutionwillchangethat,

becausegeneticengineeringhasthepotentialtoconquercancer,grownew

bloodvesselsintheheart,blockthegrowthofbloodvesselsintumors,

createneworgansfromstemcellsandperhapsevenresettheprimeval

geneticcodingthatcausescellstoage.

Ourchildrenmaybeable(Ihope,Ifear)tochoosetheirkids'

traits：toselecttheirgenderandeyecolor；perhapstotinkerwiththeir

IQs,personalitiesandathleticabilities.Theycouldclonethemselves,

oroneoftheirkids,oracelebritytheyadmire,ormaybeevenusafter

we'vedied.

Inthe5millionyearssincewehominidsseparatedfromapes,

14

ourDNAhasevolvedlessthan2%.Butinthenextcenturywe'11beable

toalterourDNAradically,encodingourvisionsand

vanitieswhileconcoctingnewlife-forms.

Underthemoralpreceptoftreatingeachpersonasanindividual

ratherthanasameanstosomeendweshouldrecoilathumancloning,

becauseitinevitablyentailsusinghumansasmeanstootherhumans，

ends-valuingthemascopiesofotherswelovedorascollectionsofbody

parts,notasindividualsintheirownright.Weshouldalsodrawaline,

howeverfuzzy,thatwouldpermitusinggeneticengineeringtocure

diseasesanddisabilities(cysticfibrosis,musculardystrophy)butnot

tochangethepersonalattributesthatmakesomeoneanindividual(IQ,

physicalappearance,genderandsexuality).

Thebiotechagewillalsogiveusmorereasontoguardour

personalprivacy.AldousHuxley,inBraveNewWorld,gotitwrong：rather

thancentralizingpowerinthehandsofthestate,DNA

technologyhasempoweredindividualsandfamilies.Butthestatewill

haveanimportantrole,makingsurethatnoone,includinginsurance

companies,canlookatourgeneticdatawithoutour

permissionoruseittodiscriminateagainstus.

Thenwecangetreadyforthebreakthroughthatcouldcomeat

theendofthenextcenturyandiscomparabletomappingourgenes：mapping

the10billionormoreneuronsofourbrain.Withthatinformationwemight

somedaybeabletocreateartificialintelligencesthatthinkand

experienceconsciousnessinwaysthatareindistinguishablefromahuman

brain.Eventuallywemightbeabletoreplicateourownmindsinamachine,

sothatwecouldliveonwithoutthe,wetware”ofabiologicalbrainand

body.The20thcentury，srevolutionininfotechnologywilltherebymerge

withthe21stcentury，srevolutioninbiotechnology.[629

words]

第35題:

Accordingtothispassage,geneticengineeringhasneverbeenexpected

to.

A.createneworgans

B.slowdowntheagingprocess

C.eradicatediseases

D.conquercancer

參考答案：C

答案解析：

［注釋］本題問的是：“人們從沒有期望基因工程。”由第三段第二行

15

”???becausegeneticengineeringhasthepotentialtoconquer

cancer,...createneworgansfromstemcellsandperhapsevenresetthe

primevalgeneticcodingthatcausescellstoage.”可矢口,選項A.create

neworgans；