職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)模擬65

［模擬］職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)模擬65

詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有

括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)

里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第1題：

America'semphasisontheimportanceofeducationforeveryonehas

<u>spurred</u>scientificresearch.

A.encouraged

B.endangered

C.endorsed

D.enlarged

參考答案：A

spur和encourage同義：鼓勵(lì)、促進(jìn)；endanger：危及、危害；endorse：簽名、

批準(zhǔn)；enlarge：擴(kuò)大、放大。

第2題：

Theyhadafarbetter<u>yield</u>thananyotherfarmmilesawayaround

thisyear.

A.goods

B.soil

C.climate

D.harvest

參考答案：D

此句中的yield和harvest都表示“收成"；goods：貨物;soil：土壤；climate：

氣候。

第3題：

Below600feetoceanwatersrangefrom<u>dimly</u>littocompletely

dark.

A.inadequately

B.hardly

C.faintly

D.sufficiently

參考答案：C

dimly和faintly都表示“模糊地、微弱地”；inadequately：不足地；hardly：

1

幾乎不；sufficiently：充分地、足夠地。

第4題：

〃Tmnotmeddlingz，.Marysaid<u>mildly</u>.Z/Tinjustcurious”.

A.gently

B.shyly

C.weakly

D.sweetly

參考答案：A

mildly和gently同義：溫和地;shyly：害羞地、膽怯地；weakly：虛弱地、

微弱地;sweetly：舒適地、甜蜜地。

第5題：

In1861itseemed<u>inevitabie</u>thattheSouthernstateswouldbreak

awayfromtheUnion.

A.strange

B.certain

C.inconsistent

D.proper

參考答案：B

inevitable：不可避免的、必然要發(fā)生的，和certain（肯定的、必然的）意思相

近；strange：奇怪的；inconsistent：不一致的；proper：合適的、得體的。

第6題：

ManyofnovelistCarsonMcCullers'charactersare<u>isolated</u>,

disappointedpeople.

A.solitary

B.gloomy

C.feeble

D.frugal

參考答案：A

isolated：孤立的、與世隔絕的；solitary跟它的意思比較接近：獨(dú)居的、單

個(gè)的；gloomy：陰郁的、憂悶的;feeble：虛弱的、無(wú)力的;frugal：節(jié)儉的。

第7題：

Theworkersfinally<u>called</u>offthestrike.

A.putoff

B.ended

2

C.cancelled

D.participatedin

參考答案：C

calloff和cancel同義：取消；putoff：推遲;end：結(jié)束；participatein：

參加。

第8題：

Johnhas<u>madeuphismind</u>nottogotothemeeting.

A.wanted

B.promised

C.decided

D.agreed

參考答案：C

makeupone'smind和decide都表示“決定"；want：想；promise：許諾；

agree：同意。

第9題：

Icatchcold<u>nowandthen</u>.

A.always

B.occasionally

C.constantly

D.regularly

參考答案：B

nowandthen：時(shí)而、偶爾，和occasionally同義；always：經(jīng)常；constantly：

不斷地;regularly：經(jīng)常地、定時(shí)地。

第10題：

Heoften<u>findsfaultwith</u>mywork.

A.criticizes

B.praises

C.evaluates

D.talksabout

參考答案：A

findfaultwith和criticize都表示“批評(píng)"；praise：表?yè)P(yáng)；evaluate：評(píng)

估；talkedabout：談?wù)摗?/p>

3

第11題：

Thelittlegirl<u>grasped</u>hermother'sarmasshecrossedthestreet.

A.understood

B.hadaholdover

C.tookholdof

D.leftholdof

參考答案：C

grasp：抓住，相當(dāng)于takeholdof；understand：懂得、理解；haveaholdover：

控制;對(duì)…有影響；leaveholdof：放開。

第12題：

Injudgingourworkyoushouldtakeinto<u>consideration</u>thefact

thatwehavebeenverybusyrecently.

A.thought

B.mind

C.account

D.memory

參考答案：C

take???intoconsideration和take,e,intoaccount都表示“把...考慮進(jìn)去“；

thought：思想、考慮；mind：腦子、心;memory：記憶。

第13題：

Icannolonger<u>tolerate</u>hisactions.

A.putupwith

B.accept

C.take

D.sufferfrom

參考答案：A

tolerate和putupwith都表示“忍受"；accept：接受；take有很多的意義:

takeaction：采取行動(dòng)、采取措施；sufferfrom：受...之苦。

第14題：

Thedoctorshave<u>abandoned</u>thehopetorescuetheoldman.

A.left

B.givenup

C.turneddown

D.refused

4

參考答案：B

abandon和giveup都表示“放棄"；leave：離開；turndown：不接受；refuse：

拒絕、不接受。

第15題：

Haveyoutalkedtoher<u>lately</u>?

A.lastly

B.shortly

C.recently

D.immediately

參考答案：C

lately和recently都表示“最近、近來(lái)"；lastly：最后；shortly：一會(huì)兒、

不久；immediately：馬上、立即。

閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)

短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選

擇A項(xiàng)；如果該句提供的錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B項(xiàng)：如果該句的信息文

章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C項(xiàng)。

Computermouse

Thebasiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwith

arelativelysimpledesignthatallowsustopointatthingsonthe

computeranditisveryproductive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucando

withamouselikeselectingtextforcopyingandpasting,drawing,and

evenscrollingonthepagewiththenewermicewiththewheel.Mostof

ususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingtothinkhowitworks

untilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.Welearntopoint

atthingbeforewelearntospeak,sothemouseisaverynaturalpointing

device.Othercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpens,graphics

tabletsandtouchscreen,butthemousestillourworkhorse.

Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartof

StanfordUniversity.Ascomputerscreensbecamepopularandarrowkeys

wereusedtomorearoundabodyoftext,itbecameclearthatapointing

devicethatallowedeasiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionof

textwouldbeveryuseful.Theintroductionofthemouse,withtheApple

Lisacomputerin1983,reallystartedthecomputerpublicontheroadto

relyingonthemouseforroutinecomputertasks.

Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthebottom,sothink

upsidedownfornow.Itallstartswithmouseball.Asthemouseballin

thebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepad,itpressesagainstand

turnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveralsmall

5

holesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emitting

devicescalledlightemittingdiodes(LED)mountedoneitherside.One

LEDsendsalightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspin

andaholerotatesby,thelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheother

side.Butamomentlaterthelightbeamisblockeduntilthenexthole

isinplace.TheLEDdetectsachangingpatternoflight,convertsthe

patternintoanelectronicsignal,andsendsthesignaltothecomputer

throughwiresinacablethatgoesoutthemousebody.Thiscableisthe

tailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignal

totellitwheretopositionthecursoronthecomputerscreen.

Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasiccomputermousethatmost

ofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwiththisdesignisthat

themousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceandpicksupthe

dirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweropticalmiceavoid

thisproblembyhavingnomovingparts.

第16題：

Mostcomputeruserswanttoknowhowthecomputermouseworks.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：B

文章第一段第三句說(shuō)，大多數(shù)電腦使用者天天用電腦卻沒(méi)有想去了解鼠標(biāo)的工作

原理。由此可見問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容與該句內(nèi)容不一致，因此問(wèn)題句沒(méi)有提供正確信息。

問(wèn)題句表示數(shù)量或范圍的修飾詞，如：all,any,whole,most,some等可能是

判斷答案的關(guān)鍵詞。

第17題：

Accordingtotheauthor,generalcomputerusersneednotknowhowthe

computermousewasinvented.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：C

文章中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)與問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)的信息，因此判斷問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容在文章中

沒(méi)有被提到。

第18題:

Thecomputermousederivesitsnamefromthecablethatgoesoutitsbody,

whichlookslikethetailofamouse.

A.right

6

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：A

文章第2段倒數(shù)第2句、第3句信息與問(wèn)題句信息一致，因此問(wèn)題句提供了正確

信息。

第19題:

ThekeycomponentsofacomputermousearethetwoLEDS.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：A

答案相關(guān)句涉及兩個(gè)發(fā)光二極管在鼠標(biāo)中的具體工作方式：二極管把光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換

成電信號(hào)傳送到電腦，由此可看出二極管是鼠標(biāo)中的關(guān)鍵部件。

第20題：

Whenanordinarycomputermousegetsdirty,ithastobereplacedwith

anewone.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：B

從答案相關(guān)句中可以看出鼠標(biāo)臟了可以擦干凈再用，因此問(wèn)題句提供了錯(cuò)誤的信

息。

第21題:

ThemostdurablecomputermiceonsalearetheIBMones.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：C

在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中均沒(méi)有呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，因

此判斷該問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容在文章中沒(méi)有被提到。

第22題:

Theopticalmouseissuperiortothebasiconeinthattheformerhasno

7

movingparts.

A.right

B.wrong

C.notmentioned

參考答案：A

文章結(jié)尾部分說(shuō)光學(xué)鼠標(biāo)因?yàn)闆](méi)有運(yùn)動(dòng)部件，所以不會(huì)像普通鼠標(biāo)那樣吸附灰

塵，由此可推斷出光學(xué)鼠標(biāo)優(yōu)于普通鼠標(biāo)。

概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任

務(wù)：（1）1?4題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)

正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第5?8題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確

的選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

ABitGoodNewsforFatPeople

1Certainlytherearemillionswhoneedtoloseweight.Butthere

arealsomillionswhoonlyimaginetheyneedto.Compulsiveandcontinuous

dieting,nottomentioneatingdisorders,showsthatsomeofuswilldo

anythingtoreduceourbodiesdowntothecurrentlydesirableshape.But

isbeingunderweightreallydesirable?

2Scientistshavelongbeenlookingintotheeffectsof

under-nutrition.Thesestudiesratsandmicehavebeenthesubjects,not

humansindicatethatcarefullycontrolledfoodrestrictionwithadequate

vitaminsandmineralsslowstheagingprocess.Inexperimentafter

experiment,thinanimalsconsistentlyoutlivetheirall-you-caneat

cousins,sometimesdoublingtheiraveragelifespan.Theyseemtoagemore

slowlytoo.Thelevelofcholesterol（月旦固醇）intheirbloodstayslower

longer.Theirbodiesstayresponsivetocertainhormoneslonger.Their

immunesystemsstayhealthierlonger.Underfedratsandmicearealsoless

likelytosufferfromage-relateddiseaseslikecancer,kidneyandheart

diseases.

3Butwestillknowlittleabouttheeffectofscientifically

controlledtindernutritiononpeople.Researchershavekeptstudying

largenumberofpeople,linkingtheirweightwiththeirhealthoverlong

periodsoftime.Indirectcontrasttothelaboratoryexperiments,these

populationstudiessuggestthatbeingunderweightcanactuallybe

dangeroustoyourhealth.

4InamajorNationalInstitutesofHealthstudythatfollowed

morethan5,000menandwomenfor24years,scientistsdiscoveredthat

thethinnestpeopleranthehighestrateofdying.Thethinnestgroupof

menhadthehighestdeathratesfromcancerandallotherdiseasesexcept

thoseofthecardiovascular（心血管的）system.Itisalsofoundthat

thinnessdoesnotmeanwellness.Men15percentbelowaverageweightdie

8

moreoftenfrompneumonia（肺炎），influenza,heartdiseaseandsuicide

thantheirweightiercounterparts.Women15percentlessthanaverage

weightareeasytogetpneumonia,influenzaanddigestivesystemdiseases.

AnAmericanCancerSocietystudyfoundthatthose20percentunderweight

diedmoreoftenfromstrokesanddigestivediseasethantheiraverage

weightcounterparts.InaCaliforniastudyof7,000menandwomen,the

highestdeathrateswereamongthose10percentunderweight.

5Conversely,theseandetherstudiesarefindingthatbeing

slightlyormoderatelyoverweight,evenasmuchas35percentabove

standardweight,isgoodforyourhealth.

23-26的選項(xiàng)

A.Goodthinsshoutbeingalittleoverweight

B.Fashionofbeingunderweight

C.Experimentsonanimalsregardingunder-nutaition

D.Somenegativeeffectsofbeingunderweight

E.Contrastsbetweenexperimentsonanimalsandonpeople

F.Healthofwomenundernutrition

27-30的選項(xiàng)

A.diseasesofthecardiovascular

B.haveabodyshapethatallpeopleWilladmire

C.longerlife-time

D.digestivesystemdisease

E.ashorterlifespan

F.pneumoniaandinfluenza

第23題：

Paragraph2.

參考答案：

C

詳細(xì)解答：

第二段闡述了以鼠為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以正確答案是Co

第24題：

Paragraph3.

參考答案：

E

詳細(xì)解答：

第三段是一個(gè)過(guò)渡段，前面第二段給出了以鼠為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。然后

筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，指出以人為對(duì)象的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與此不同，所以正確選項(xiàng)是E。

第25題：

9

Paragraph4.

參考答案：

D

詳細(xì)解答：

第四段引用國(guó)家衛(wèi)生學(xué)會(huì)的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)詳細(xì)闡述體重過(guò)輕對(duì)人體健康的危害,

所以應(yīng)選D。

第26題:

Paragraph5______.

參考答案：

A

詳細(xì)解答：

第五段簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明體重稍高對(duì)人體健康有好處，所以應(yīng)選擇A。

第27題:

Agreatmanypeoplegoondietto.

參考答案：

B

詳細(xì)解答：

文章開篇即指出：someofuswilldoanythingtoreduceourbodiesdown

tothecurrentlydesirableshape.很多人為了達(dá)到當(dāng)前流行的體型而不惜通

過(guò)節(jié)食等方法減肥，所以應(yīng)選擇B。

第28題:

Thoseall-you-can-eatanimalsoftenhave.

參考答案：

E

詳細(xì)解答：

選E的依據(jù)是文章的第二段。以鼠為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象的一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)就是：節(jié)食的老鼠

比暴食的老鼠壽命長(zhǎng)。所以應(yīng)選擇E。

第29題:

People15percentunderweightpuffersnorefrom.

參考答案:

io

F

詳細(xì)解答：

文章第四段指出：Men15percentbelowaverageweightdiemoreoften

frompneumonia（肺炎），influenza,heartdiseaseandsuicide（自殺）than

theirweightiercounterparts.Women15percentlessthanaverageweight

areeasytogetpneumonia,influenzaanddigestivesystemdiseases.體

重偏輕15%的女子會(huì)得肺炎、流感、消化系統(tǒng)疾?。惑w重偏輕15%的男子則易得

肺炎、流感及心臟疾病或有自殺傾向。因此體重偏輕15%的人們都易得的疾病是

肺炎和流感。所以應(yīng)選擇F。

第30題：

Thethinnestgroupofmenarelesslikelytosufferfrom.

參考答案：

A

詳細(xì)解答：

選A的依據(jù)是文章第四段：Thethinnestgroupofmenhadthehighestdeath

ratesfromcancerandallotherdiseasesexceptthoseofthe

cardiovascularsystem.最瘦的一組男子最易受到除心血管疾病之外的病痛的

威脅，所以他們不太可能得的病就是心血管病，故應(yīng)選擇A。

閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4

個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1最佳答案。

PlantGas

Scientistshavebeenstudyingnaturalsourcesofmethanefor

decadesbuthadn'tregardedplantsasaproducer,notesFrankKeppler,

ageochemistattheMaxPlanckInstituteforNuclearPhysicsinHeidelberg,

Germany.NowKepplerandhiscolleaguesfindthatplants,fromgrasses

totrees,mayalsobesourcesofthegreenhousegas.Thisisreally

surprising,becausemostscientistsassumedthatmethaneproduction

requiresanoxygen-freeenvironment.

Previously,researchershadthoughtthatitwasimpossiblefor

plantstomakesignificantamountsofthegas.Theyhadassumedthat

microbesneedtobeinenvironmentswithoutoxygentoproducemethane.

Methaneisagreenhousegas,likecarbondioxide.Gasessuchasmethane

andcarbondioxidetrapheatinEarth'satmosphereandcontributeto

globalwarming.

Initsexperiments,Keppler'steamusedsealedchambersthat

containedthesameconcentrationofoxygenthatEarth'satmospherehas.

Theymeasuredtheamountsofmethanethatwerereleasedbybothliving

plantsanddriedplantmaterial,suchasfallenleaves.

11

Withthedriedplants,theresearcherstookmeasurementat

temperaturesrangingfrom30degreesCelsiusto70degrees.At30degrees,

theyfound,agramofdriedplantmaterialreleasedupto3nanogramsof

methaneperhour.(Onenanogramisabillionthofagram.)Withevery

10-degreeriseintemperature,theamountofmethanereleasedeachhour

roughlydoubled.

Livingplantsgrowingattheirnormaltemperaturesreleasedas

muchas370nanogramsofmethanepergramofplanttissueperhour.Methane

emissionstripledwhenlivinganddeadplantwasexposedtosunlight.

Becausetherewasplentyofoxygenavailable,it'sunlikelythat

thetypesofbacteriathatnormallymakemethanewereinvolved.

Experimentsonplantsthatweregrowninwaterratherthansoilalso

resultedinmethaneemissions.That'sanotherstrongsignthatthegas

camefromtheplantsandnotsoilmicrobes.

Thenewfindingisan''interestingobservation,saysJennifer

Y.King,abiogeochemistattheUniversityofMinnesotainSt.Paul.

Becausesometypesofsoilmicrobesconsumemethane,theymayprevent

plant-producedmethanefromreachingtheatmosphere.Fieldtestswillbe

neededtoassesstheplant'sinfluence,shenotes.

第31題：

Whatwasscientists'understandingofmethane?

A.Itwasproducedfromplants.

B.Itwasnotagreenhousegas.

C.Itwasproducedinoxygen-freeenvironments.

D.Ittrapsmoreheatthananyothergreenhousegas.

參考答案：C

短文的第一和第二段都講到，科學(xué)家過(guò)去曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為，沼氣必須在無(wú)氧的環(huán)境中才

能產(chǎn)生。注意，作者用的是過(guò)去式：Mostscientistsassumedthat...,Theyhad

assumedthat…

第32題:

Totestwhetherplantsareasourceofmethane,thescientists

created.

A.aoxygen-freeenvironment.

B.anenvironmentwiththesameconcentrationofoxygenastheearth

has.

C.acarbondioxidefreeenvironment.

D.anenvironmentfilledwiththegreenhousegas

參考答案：B

第三段第一句說(shuō)，科學(xué)家使用密封的房間來(lái)做實(shí)驗(yàn)，房間里氧氣的濃度與地球大

12

氣中的氧氣濃度相仿。所以B句符合原文的意思，其他三個(gè)選擇則不符合原文內(nèi)

容。

第33題:

Whichstatementistrueofthemethaneemissionsofplantsinthe

experiment?

A.Thelowerthetemperature,thehighertheamountofmethane

emissions.

B.Livingplantsreleaselessmethanethandriedplantsatthesame

temperature.

C.Whenexposedtosunlight,plantsstopreleasingmethane.

D.Thehigherthetemperature,thegreatertheamountofmethane

emissions.

參考答案：D

根據(jù)第四和第五段的內(nèi)容，只有D是正確的說(shuō)法。溫度越高沼氣的釋放量越高，

有生命的植物釋放的沼氣遠(yuǎn)大于干植物的釋放量，在陽(yáng)光下，它們的沼氣釋放量

是正常情況的三倍。

第34題：

WhatofthefollowingaboutmethaneisNotmentionedinthepassage?

A.Plantsgrowinginsoilreleasemethane.

B.Plantsgrowinginwaterreleasemethane.

C.Soilmicrobesconsumemethane.

D.Microbesinplantsproducemethane.

參考答案：D

最后兩段告訴我們，無(wú)論在土壤中還是在水中生長(zhǎng)的植物都能釋放沼氣，土壤中

的微生物消耗沼氣，使沼氣不至于進(jìn)入空氣。所以A、B、C的內(nèi)容均符合短文最

后兩段中作者的意思，D的內(nèi)容短文中沒(méi)有提到。

第35題:

Whatisthebeneficialpointofsomemicrobesconsumingplant-produced

methane?

A.Methanebecomeslesspoisonous.

B.methaneisturnedintoafertilizer.

C.Lessmethanereachestheatmosphere.

D.Airbecomescleaner.

參考答案：c

最后一段的第二句可以找到本題的答案。

13

ListeningDeviceProvidesLandslideEarlyWarning

Adevicethatprovidesearlywarningofalandslidebymonitoring

vibrationsinsoilisbeingtestedbyUKresearchers.Tiledevicecould

savethousandsofliveseachyearbywarningwhenanareashouldbe

evacuated,thescientistssay,“suchnaturaldisastersarecommonin

countriesthatexperiencesudden,heavyrainfall,andcanalsobe

triggeredbyearthquakesandevenwatererosion”.

Landslidesstartwhenafewparticlesofsoilorrockwithina

slopestarttomove,buttheearlystagescanbehardtospot.Following

thisinitialmovement,“slopescanbecomeunstableinamatterofhours

orminutes,，zsaysNellDixonatLoughboroughUniversity,UK.Hesaysa

warningsystemthatmonitorsthismovement"mightbeenoughtoevacuate

ablockoffiatsorcleararoad,andsavelives.〃

Themostcommonwaytomonitoraslopeforsignsofanimminent

landslideistowatchforchangesinitsshape.Surveyorscandothisby

measuringasitedirectly,orsensorssunkintoboreholesorfixedabove

groundcanbeusedtomonitortheshapeofaslope.Slopescan,however,

changeshapewithouttriggeringalandslide,soeithermethodisprone

tocausingfalsealarms.NowDixon'steamhasdevelopedadevicethat

listensforthevibrationscausedwhenparticlesbeginmovingwithina

slope.

Thedevicetakestheformofasteelpipedroppedintoaborehole

inaslope.Theboreholeisfilledinwithgravelaroundthepipetohelp

transmithigh-frequencyvibrationsgeneratedbyparticleswithinthe

slope.Thesevibrationspassupthetubeandarepickedupbyasensor

onthesurface.Softwareanalysesthevibrationsignaltodetermine

whetheralandslidemaybeimminent.

Thedeviceiscurrentlybeingtestedina6-metre-tallartificial

clayembankmentinNewcastle,UK.Earlyresultssuggestitshouldprovide

fewerfalsepositivesthanexistingsystems.Onceithasbeencarefully

andthoroughlytested,thedevicecouldbeusedtocreateacomplete

early-warningsystemfordangerousslopes.

“Locationswithasignificantriskoflandslidescoulddefinitely

benefitfromamachinelikethis,“saysAdamPoulter,anexpertatthe

BritishRedCross.〃Aslongasitdoesn'tcosttoomuch.，zBut,Poulter

addsthatanearly-warningsystemmaynotbeenoughonitsown."Youneed

tohavethehumancommunication,hesays."Makingsystemsthatget

warningstothosewhoneedthemcanbedifficult./z

第36題：

Whatdoes"Suchnaturaldisasters/"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Sudden,heavyrainfall.

B.Earthquakes.

C.Watererosion.

14

D.Landslides.

參考答案：D

短文第一段的第一句告訴我們，英國(guó)研究人員正在測(cè)試一種儀器，這種儀器可以

通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)土壤的振動(dòng)來(lái)預(yù)警山崩。該段最后一句說(shuō)，這種災(zāi)難經(jīng)常在一些遭受自

然災(zāi)害的國(guó)家發(fā)生，這些自然災(zāi)害包括sudden,heavyrainfall和earthquakes

以及watererosion,所以D是正確選擇。

第37題：

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoflandslides?

A.Theinitialmovementishardtospot.

B.Theystartwithamovementofafewparticlesofsoilorrock.

C.Theycanbedestructiveinamatterofhoursorminutes.

D.Alloftheabove.

參考答案：D

A、B、C的內(nèi)容都可在第二段中找到，所以D是正確答案。

第38題：

Whydoresearchersdevelopanewdevicetomonitorsignsoflandsides?

A.Becausethenewdevicecanmeasurethesitedirectly.

B.Becausethenewdevicecanbesunkintoboreholesorfixedabove

ground.

C.Becausethecommonmethodscancausefalsealarms.

D.Becausethecommonmethodsareuseless.

參考答案：C

第三段的第一和第二句告訴我們，最為普通的監(jiān)測(cè)山崩方法是對(duì)山坡形狀變化的

觀察，有兩種觀察方式；第三句說(shuō)，因?yàn)樯狡滦螤畹淖兓灰欢▽?dǎo)致山崩，所以

兩種方法都會(huì)有虛假的預(yù)警。因此C是正確答案。

第39題:

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofthedevice,according

toParagraph4?

A.Itisfilledinwithgravel.

B.Itconsistsofasteelpipe.

C.Itisdroppedintoaboreholefilledinwithgravel.

D.Itisconnectedtoasensoronthesurface.

參考答案：A

15

B、C、D所述內(nèi)容都可在第四段中找到。Theboreholeis：filledinwithgravel

aroundthepipe.在被鑿出的洞里填充沙礫，圍在鋼管四周，不是在鋼管里填

充沙礫。所以A是錯(cuò)誤的說(shuō)法，是此題的答案。

第40題：

Accordingtothecontext,whatdoestheword"positives"inthefifth

paragraphmean?

A.Positiveelectriccharges.

B.Evidences.

C.Warnings.

D.Predictions.

參考答案：B

positives在此用作名詞，意思是：被證實(shí)的因素或特點(diǎn)，可以理解為證據(jù)。

ExcessiveDemandsonYoungPeople

Beingabletomultitaskishailedbymostpeopleasawelcomeskill,

butnotaccordingtoarecentstudywhichclaimsthatyoungpeoplebetween

theagesofeightandeighteenoftheso-calledGenerationMarespending

aconsiderableamountoftheirtimeinfruitlesseffortsastheymultitask.

Itarguesthat,infact,theseyoungpeoplearefritteringawayasmuch

ashalfoftheirtimeagainastheywouldiftheyperformedtheverysame

tasksoneaftertheother.

Someyoungpeoplearejugglinganeverlargernumberofelectronic

devicesastheystudy.Atthesametimethattheyareworking,youngadults

arealsosurfingontheInternet,orsendingoutemailstotheirfriends,

and/oransweringthetelephoneandlisteningtomusicontheiriPodsor

onanothercomputer.Assomenewdevicecomesalongittooisaddedto

thelistratherthanreplacingoneoftheexistingdevices.

Otherresearchhasindicatedthatthismultitaskingiseven

affectingthewayfamiliesthemselvesfunctionasyoungpeoplearetoo

wrappedupintheirownisolatedworldstointeractwiththeotherpeople

aroundthem.Theycannolongergreetfamilymemberswhentheyenterthe

housenorcantheyeatatthefamilytable.

Allthiselectronicwizardryissupposedlyalsoseriously

affectingyoungpeople'sperformanceatuniversityandintheworkplace.

Whenaskedabouttheirperceptionoftheimpactofmoderngadgetsontheir

performanceoftasks,theoverwhelmingmajorityofyoungpeoplegavea

favorableresponse.

Theresponsefromtheacademicandbusinessworldswasnotquite

aspositive.Theformerfeelthatmultitaskingwithelectronicgadgets

bychildrenaffectslaterdevelopmentofstudyskills,resultingina

declineinthequalityofwriting,forexample,becauseofthelackof

16

concentrationontaskcompletion.Theyfeelthatmanyundergraduatesnow

urgentlyneedremedialhelpwithstudyskills.Similarly,employersfeel

thatyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforceneedtobetaughtalloveragain,

astheyhavebecomedeskilled.

Whileallthismaybetrue,itmustbeborneinmindthatmore

andmoreisexpectedofyoungpeoplenowadays;infact,toomuch.Praise

ratherthancriticismisdueinrespectofthewaytoday'syouthareable

tocopedespitewhattheoldergenerationthrowatthem.

第41題：

Accordingtoarecentstudy,whatisprobablytrueaboutthemultitasking

GenerationM?

A.Theyarehighlycommendedforbeingsoeffectiveandefficient.

B.Theywastemoretimethantheyshouldsave,contrarytocommon

assumptions.

C.Theyshouldprioritizeandfocusonthemostimportanttasksonhand.

D.Theyneedtoimprovetheirorganizationalskillssoastocomplete

alltheirtasksd

參考答案：B

從第一段第一句話中的“aconsiderableamountoftheirtime”fruitless

efforts”以及該段最后一句話中的ufritteringawayasmuchas...”可以進(jìn)

行同義替換，waste就是fruitless和frittero的同義詞。

第42題：

Withtheadventofnewgadgets,whatwillhappentoGenerationM'spresent

e-devices?

A.Theymake