吉林省白城市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE22吉林省白城市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）考生留意:1.本試卷共150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whenwillthespeakersstartthemeeting?A.At7:30am.B.At8:00am.C.At8:30pm.2.WhereisMarynow?A.Sheisathome.B.Sheiscomingherenow.C.Sheisatthebusstation.3.WhyweretheresomanypeopleatBill'sparty?A.Hehasalwaysbeenpopular.B.Heispopularwithchildren.C.Hehadasurprisingparty.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer,B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient,5.Whichapartmentisthewomaninterestedin?A.Thethree-bedroomapartment.B.Thetwo-bedroomapartment.C.Theone-bedroomapartment.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A.B.C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。.6.WhenwasJimmyexpectedtobebackhome?A.At5:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:00pm.7.WheredoesthemanthinkJimmyis?AAtateacher'soffice.B.Ataclassmate'shome.C.Inthecinema.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheequipmentusedfor?A.Cutting.B.Washing.C.Fishing.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheequipment?A.Useless.B.Expensive.C.Practical.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。.10.Wheredidthewomangolastnightbeforegettinghome?A.Toafriend's.B.Toacinema.C.Toastore.11.Whathappenedwhenthewomancameatthedoor?A.Thedooropened.B.Sheheardanoise.C.Herkeywasmissing.12.WhowasKarl?A.Thesecurityguard.B.Thewoman'sneighbor.C.Thewoman'sworkmate.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Goingshopping.B.Givingaclass.C.Doingasurvey.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?AAbout50.B.About40.C.About30.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingaweek?A.Talkingtofriends.B.Talkingtothefamily.C.Reading.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題.17.WhenwastheBritishLibraryfounded?A.In1973.B.In1937.C.In1965.18.HowmanybooksdoestheBritishLibrarycollect?A.About4million.B.About14million.C.About40million.19.Whataboutthelibraryismentionedinthespeech?AItholdsmanyconcertseveryyear.B.Itistheoldestlibraryintheworld.C.Ithasawidecollectionofstamps.20.Whyarepeoplerequiredtoprovideproofofaddress?AForreturningthebooks.B.Forsecuritypurpose.C.Fordoingmoreresearch.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A.B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestPlacetoCampinEachStateWashington-SecondBeach,OlympicNationalParkCampersputuptheirtentsrightonthesandofthisPacificNorthwestbeach.Makeacampfire,photographsunsetovertheseaandtrytoabsorbthischarmingspotwithyourentirebeing.Alaska-BartlettCoveCampground,Glacier(冰川)BayNationalParkInastatefullofnaturalriches,GlacierBayisawonder,hometohighpeaks,whales,700milesofcoastline,andlightblueglaciersthatflowdirectlyintothesea.SetwithintemperaterainforestalongBartlettCove,thepark'sonlycampgroundisimpressivelygreenandaneasyjumping-offpointforboattours.Arizona-HavasupaiCampground,HavasupaiReservationGettingtoHavasupaiisachallenge.Permitsaresnatched(剝奪)upalmostinstantly,andevenifyougetoneit'sa10-milehikefromthebordertoreachthisruralcampgroundthathugsHavasuCreek.Makethejourney,however,andyou'rerewardedwithaseriesofgreatwaterfallsandnaturalpools.Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiverAmerica'sfirstnationalrivertravels135milesthroughtheOzarkMountains,windingitswayoverrapids,formingpeacefulpoolsandpassingrockycliffstoppedbygreenforest.Planafloattripandabsorbthesceneryataleisurelypace,pausingforhikestovisitLostValley'scavesorthe200-footwaterfalls.1.Whichstatemayattractpeoplepreferringglaciers?A.Alaska. B.Washington.C.Arizona. D.Arkansas.2.WhatmakesArizonaapopularcampchoiceamongtourists?A.Theblueglaciersandgreenrainforests. B.Thewindingnationalriverandcliffs.C.Thesoaringpeaksandlongcoastline. D.Thebeautifulwaterfallsandpools.3.WhatcanyoudowhencampinginArkansas?A.Takealongtriponfoot. B.Visitcavesandwaterfalls.C.Putupawell-equippedtent. D.Enjoyaviewofsunset.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國(guó)四個(gè)州的最佳露營(yíng)地?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Alaska-BartlettCoveCampground,Glacier(冰川)BayNationalPark中第一句“Inastatefullofnaturalriches,GlacierBayisawonder,hometohighpeaks,whales,700milesofcoastline,andlightblueglaciersthatflowdirectlyintothesea.(在一個(gè)自然資源豐富的州，冰川灣是一個(gè)奇跡，這里有高峰，鯨魚，700英里的海岸線，以及干脆流入大海的淺藍(lán)色冰川)”可知，阿拉斯加州可能吸引更喜愛冰川的人。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)ArizonaHavasupaiCampground,HavasupaiReservation中“Makethejourney,however,andyou'rerewardedwithaseriesofgreatwaterfallsandnaturalpools.(然而，踏上這段旅程，你會(huì)看到一系列壯麗的瀑布和自然泳池)”可知，漂亮的瀑布和自然泳池使亞利桑那州成為游客們露營(yíng)的首選。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiver中最終一句“Planafloattripandabsorbthesceneryataleisurelypace,pausingforhikestovisitLostValley'scavesorthe200-footwaterfalls.(安排一次漂移之旅，悠然地觀賞風(fēng)景，停下來(lái)徒步巡游LostValley的洞窟或200英尺高的瀑布)”可知，游客可以在Arkansas州巡游巡游LostValley的洞窟和瀑布。故選B。BAfterfinishinghisdinner,LinXuopenedaWeChatmini-programcalled"ClearPlate"onhisphoneandtookapictureoftheemptyplates.Hewasthenawarded157creditpointsaftertheimagewasuploadedandrecognizedbyartificialintelligence.Thecreditpointscanbeusedtobuygifts,suchasbooks,cellphonesandredwine,ortopurchasecharitymealsdonatedtochildreninpoorruralareas.The"ClearPlate"mini-programhasbecomepopularamongyoungChinese.Similarcampaignslikean"emptyplatechallenge"arealsoonthehorizoninmanyChineseuniversities."Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste,"saidLiuJichen.Founderofthestart-upthatdevelopedtheapp.Theideapoppedupatadinnerin2017,whenLiufoundthattherestaurantownerwouldgivedinerswhopolishedofftheirfoodacardandoffersmallgiftsafteracertainnumberofcardshadbeencollected."Everyonewhovaluesfoodisboundtoenjoyasenseofgainatalowercost,"Liumentionedthiscase,notingthatsuchanideacouldpotentiallyberealizedonline.Heformedateamtoworkontheproject.YetitwasquiteachallengefortheAIsystemtoassesswhethertheuploadedphotosshowedemptyplates.TomaketheAIsystemsmarter，Liuandhisteam,assistedbymorethan1,000others,spenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesfromcanteensandrestaurantsacrossthecountryandanalyzedthedata.Dozensofenterprises,institutionsandrestaurantshavecontactedthestart-uptocooperateontheproject.Throughthedigitalized,visualizedmini-program,peoplecanclearlyseethegoodresultsofsavingfood,whichwilleffectivelyreducefoodwaste."Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergeneration,encouragingthemtodevelopthehabitofthrift(節(jié)約),"Liusaid.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"onthehorizon"inparagraph2mean?A.Likelytodecrease. B.Likelytosucceed.C.Likelytochange. D.Likelytoappear.5.WhatcausedLiuJichentodevelopthe"ClearPlate"app?A.Foodwasteafterdinner. B.Theideaoftherestaurantowner.C.Smallgiftssentbyhisfriends. D.Charitymealsdonatedtochildren.6.WhatwasdifficultfortheprojectLiu'steamworkedon?A.MakingtheAIsystemsmarter.B.Assessingtheuploadedphotos.C.Collectingsamplesfromcanteensandrestaurants.D.Encouragingpeopletodevelopthehabitofthrift.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AIprogramsbecomingpopular.B.AIprogramsappearinginmanyChineseuniversities.C.AIprogramsencouragingdinerstocleartheirplates.D.AIprogramscollectingpicturesofclearingdiners'plates.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了LinXu和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)為了激勵(lì)人們杜絕奢侈糧食，一起開發(fā)了一款名為“光盤”的手機(jī)應(yīng)用軟件以及開發(fā)這款軟件的初衷、過(guò)程和影響?！?題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。文章其次段第一句“The"ClearPlate"mini-programhasbecomepopularamongyoungChinese.”表明這個(gè)小型光盤活動(dòng)已經(jīng)在中國(guó)年輕人中受到歡迎。下面一句“Similarcampaignslikean"emptyplatechallenge"arealsoonthehorizoninmanyChineseuniversities.”提到的像“光盤挑戰(zhàn)”這樣的活動(dòng)是類似的活動(dòng)，而且這樣的活動(dòng)還有很多，此外在劃線部分前面用了一個(gè)詞“也”，可見這些活動(dòng)很有可能在很多中國(guó)高校出現(xiàn)。由此揣測(cè)劃線部分意為“可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)”。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段“Theideapoppedupatadinnerin2017,whenLiufoundthattherestaurantownerwouldgivedinerswhopolishedofftheirfoodacardandoffersmallgiftsafteracertainnumberofcardshadbeencollected.”表明這個(gè)想法是在2017年突然出現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時(shí)劉發(fā)覺餐館老板會(huì)給吃光食物的就餐者一張卡片，而且當(dāng)就餐者收集到了肯定數(shù)量的卡片時(shí)餐館會(huì)供應(yīng)小禮物?？梢娨饎㈤_發(fā)這個(gè)軟件的緣由就是受到餐館老板的啟發(fā)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段講解并描述劉的團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)這款軟件時(shí)遇到的困難，其中“YetitwasquiteachallengefortheAIsystemtoassesswhethertheuploadedphotosshowedemptyplates.”告知我們當(dāng)時(shí)的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)就是AI系統(tǒng)難以分辨上傳的照片是否是光盤。可見評(píng)估上傳照片是特別的困難的。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。本篇文章第一段通過(guò)詳細(xì)的例子引出話題，即一款為了激勵(lì)杜絕奢侈糧食，名為“光盤”的手機(jī)app。其次段講解并描述這款軟件的影響，以及類似激勵(lì)杜絕奢侈糧食軟件的出現(xiàn)。第三段講解并描述劉季晨開發(fā)這個(gè)軟件的初衷。第四段講解并描述劉的團(tuán)隊(duì)在開發(fā)這款軟件過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的困難及為了激勵(lì)人們節(jié)約糧食的最終目的?？梢娬恼轮v解并描述了AI程序激勵(lì)就餐者光盤的事情，故選C。CScientistshavediscoveredanewbehaviouramongbumblebeesthattricksplantsintofloweringearly.Whenlackofpollen,bumblebeeswillbitelittlebylittleontheleavesofflower-lessplants.Thedamageseemstofooltheplantintoflowering,sometimesupto30daysearlierthannormal.Withtheirhairyappearanceandspecialsounds,bumblebeesarehardtomissingardensallovertheworld.Theirhairybodiesmakethemexcellentpollinatorsforcropsliketomatoesandblueberries.Theyareamongthefirstbeestoappeareachyearandworkalongseason.Butdespitetheirkeyrole,bumblebees,likemanyotherpollinatorshaveseentheirnumbersdeclinesuddenlyinrecentdecades.Onerecentstudypointedtoclimatechange,reportingthatanincreasingnumberofhotdaysinEuropeandNorthAmericawasraisinglocalbumblebeesextinctionrates.Butresearchershavenowmadeadiscoveryaboutbumblebeesthatcouldhavesomethingtodowiththeirlongtermsurvival.ScientistsinSwitzerlandfoundthatwhenthebumblebeeswereoutofpollen,theystartedtobiteontheleavesofplantsthathadn'tyetflowered.Theyusedtheirmouthstocutclearly-shapedholesintheleaves.Butthecreaturesdidn'teatthematerialoruseitintheirnests.Thedamagedplantsrespondedbyfloweringearlierthannormal--insomecasesupto30daysaheadofschedule.Researchersalsofoundthatthebeedamagedplantsflowered30daysearlierthanundamagedplantsand25daysearlierthanonesdamagedbythescientists.“Ithinkeverythingthatwe'vefoundisconsistentwiththeideathatthebumblebeesaredamagingtheplantsandthatthat'sanadaptationthatbringsflowersearlierandthatbenefitsthebees,”saidDrMarkMescher,oneoftheauthorsfromETHZurich.8.Howdobumblebeesfoolplantsintofloweringearlier?A.Bymakinguseofthehotweather. B.Byputtingthefalseflowersontheleaves.C.Byattackingtheleavesofflowerlessplants. D.Bytakingawaythepollenfromtheotherflowers.9.What'sbumblebees’keyrole?AMakingplantsflowerearly. B.Spreadingpollentoflowersandplants.C.Sendinginformationaboutweatherchange. D.Findingoutwhethertheplanthasflowers.10.Whathashappenedtobumblebeesinthepasttheyears?A.Theyarebecominghomesick. B.Theyarenotasfriendlyasbefore.C.Thereisasharpdecreaseinnumber. D.Theyhavebeenbusyyearbyyear.11.What'sDrMarkMescher'sattitudetowardsthebehaviourofbumblebees?A.Uncaring. B.Skeptical. C.Tolerant. D.Objective.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明白科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺了大黃蜂的一種新行為，這種行為可以誘騙植物提早開花。文章介紹了大黃蜂的重要性以及面臨的問(wèn)題?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Whenlackofpollen,bumblebeeswillbitelittlebylittleontheleavesofflower-lessplants.Thedamageseemstofooltheplantintoflowering,sometimesupto30daysearlierthannormal.(當(dāng)花粉缺乏時(shí)，大黃蜂會(huì)一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地咬掉無(wú)花植物的葉子。這種損害好像會(huì)讓植物開花，有時(shí)會(huì)比正常狀況提前30天開花)”可知，大黃蜂攻擊無(wú)花植物的葉子來(lái)讓植物提早開花的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Theirhairybodiesmakethemexcellentpollinatorsforcropsliketomatoesandblueberries.(它們毛茸茸的身體使它們成為番茄和藍(lán)莓等作物的絕佳傳粉者)”可知，大黃蜂的關(guān)鍵作用是給花和植物傳播花粉。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Butdespitetheirkeyrole,bumblebees,likemanyotherpollinatorshaveseentheirnumbersdeclinesuddenlyinrecentdecades.(但是，盡管大黃蜂扮演著關(guān)鍵角色，和其他很多傳粉者一樣，它們的數(shù)量在最近幾十年急劇下降)”可知，在過(guò)去的幾年里，大黃蜂數(shù)量急劇削減。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段““Ithinkeverythingthatwe'vefoundisconsistentwiththeideathatthebumblebeesaredamagingtheplantsandthatthat'sanadaptationthatbringsflowersearlierandthatbenefitsthebees,”saidDrMarkMescher,oneoftheauthorsfromETHZurich.(來(lái)自蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院的MarkMescher博士說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為我們所發(fā)覺的一切都與大黃蜂正在破壞植物的觀點(diǎn)相一樣，這是一種適應(yīng)，使開花時(shí)間提前，并使蜜蜂受益。”)”可推知，MarkMescher博士對(duì)大黃蜂的行為持客觀看法。故選D。DCyclinghaslongbeenasportwhereacompetitiveedgeispursued,oftenatanycost.Cyclingshorts,however,wereanareathattechnologyhadyettoenter.Littlewasaddedtothemapartfrom,perhaps,somepaddingtoprotectarider.Now,however,newcyclingshortsarebeingequippedwithsensorstohelpridersdefeatopponentseasily.ABritishstart-uphascreatedapairofshortsthatuseselectricsensorsandartificialintelligencetoshapeandstrengthencyclists'muscleswhiletheyaremoving.Itplanstoalsoadaptthisproductnextyearforjoggersandpeopleatthegym.Theshorts,createdbyDevonLewis,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofSouthampton,areabletosendouttinyelectriccurrentsintoauser'smusclestoimprovetheircyclingtechnique.MrLewis,27,cameupwiththeideaafterstudyingaconnectionbetweenthebrainandmusclesthatsendschemicalsignalsfrommotorneuronstomusclefibrestomakethemusclecontractandstrengthen.Theshorts,createdbyMrLewis'sstart-upbypassthisconnectionusingelectriccurrentstobuildmusclestrengthdirectly,withoutrelyingonthebraintosendoutsignals.“Wehavealimitedabilitytocontrolourmusclesnaturally,”MrLewissaid.“Youcancontrolthemmoreexactly,getmorefromyourmusclesandcontractthemmorestrongly,ifyoustimulatethemdirectlywithelectricity.”Electricwiresintheshortssendoutcurrentsthatactivatethemuscle.“Forthoseworriedaboutgettingashockwhilecycling,”MrLewissaid,“It'ssortofthesamethingaswhenyouhavespicyfoodandyougetthatlittlerush.Itfeelsstrangewhenyoufirststartusingitbutthenyouadapttoitquitequickly.”HisideahasreceivedsupportfromFutureWorlds,astart-upacceleratoratSouthamptonUniversity.TheproductisbeingshownnextweekatthetechnologyconferenceCES,helddigitallythisyear.12.What'sthestrengthofthenewlyinventedcyclingshorts?A.Theyhelpcyclistsperformbetter. B.Theylastlongerthannormalones.C.Theycankeepabalancedcomfort. D.Theyhavetoolstomakegoodfigures.13.Whycanthecyclingshortshelptherunnersandjoggers?A.Theyaremadeofqualitycottonmaterials.B.Theyarecreatedbyworld-topdesigners.C.Theycanmakerunningorjogginglessboring.D.Theyaremadeintelligentlywithelectricsensors.14.Whatmaybesomepeople'sworryabouttheshorts?A.Theymayspendmorethantheycanafford. B.Theygetlittlehelpfromthenewshorts.C.Theymaygetshockedbytheelectricity. D.Thenewshortscan'tfunctionwellenough.15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheSpecialCyclingShorts B.WaystoBeaGoodRunnerC.HowShortsBenefitYou D.SomeTipsaboutRunningFast【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種自行車專用短褲，可以幫助騎自行車的人表現(xiàn)得更好。介紹了這種短褲的工作原理以及優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Now,however,newcyclingshortsarebeingequippedwithsensorstohelpridersdefeatopponentseasily.(然而，現(xiàn)在，新的自行車短褲配備了傳感器，以幫助騎手輕松擊敗對(duì)手)”可知，新獨(dú)創(chuàng)的自行車短褲的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它們幫助騎自行車的人表現(xiàn)得更好。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“ABritishstart-uphascreatedapairofshortsthatuseselectricsensorsandartificialintelligencetoshapeandstrengthencyclists'muscleswhiletheyaremoving.(英國(guó)一家初創(chuàng)企業(yè)獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種利用電子傳感器和人工智能來(lái)塑造和增加自行車手運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)肌肉的短褲)”可知，自行車短褲可以幫助跑步者和慢跑者因?yàn)樗鼈兪怯秒娮觽鞲衅髦悄苤圃斓?。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中““Forthoseworriedaboutgettingashockwhilecycling,”MrLewissaid,“It'ssortofthesamethingaswhenyouhavespicyfoodandyougetthatlittlerush.Itfeelsstrangewhenyoufirststartusingitbutthenyouadapttoitquitequickly.”(劉易斯表示：“對(duì)于那些擔(dān)憂騎自行車時(shí)電擊的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這有點(diǎn)像吃辛辣食物時(shí)的那種稍微快感。剛起先運(yùn)用時(shí)，你會(huì)覺得很驚奇，但很快你就適應(yīng)了?！?”可知，一些人對(duì)短褲的擔(dān)憂是他們可能會(huì)被電到。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段“Now,however,newcyclingshortsarebeingequippedwithsensorstohelpridersdefeatopponentseasily.ABritishstart-uphascreatedapairofshortsthatuseselectricsensorsandartificialintelligencetoshapeandstrengthencyclists'muscleswhiletheyaremoving.Itplanstoalsoadaptthisproductnextyearforjoggersandpeopleatthegym.(然而，現(xiàn)在，新的自行車短褲配備了傳感器，以幫助騎手輕松擊敗對(duì)手。英國(guó)一家初創(chuàng)企業(yè)獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一種利用電子傳感器和人工智能來(lái)塑造和增加自行車手運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)肌肉的短褲。明年，該公司還安排將該產(chǎn)品用于慢跑者和健身者)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一種自行車專用短褲，可以幫助騎自行車的人表現(xiàn)得更好。介紹了這種短褲的工作原理以及優(yōu)點(diǎn)?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“自行車專用短褲”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Teenagers'fitnessisnowamajorconcernandphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.____16____Exercisemakesyourbodystrongandhelpsyoutokeeptherightbodyweight.Sportsscientistsofferthefollowingadvicetoteenagers.____17____Thenyoucandesignaprogrammethatwillhelpyoubecomehealthier.____18____“Overweight”meansthatthepersongetsverylittleexerciseandoftenhasaseriousweightproblem.“Inactive”meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.“Active”referstopeoplewhoparticipateinsportsandotherphysicalactivities,butdonothaveahighfitnesslevel.Accordingtoexperts,overweightteenagersshouldworkouttokeephealthy.Rideabike,playvolleyballorbasketballforawhile,andgoforatwentyminutewalkeachday.Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.Inactiveteenagersshoulddosimilaractivities,butaddsomebendingandstretchingexercises,suchaspush-upsandsit-ups,startingwithtwentyofeachaday.Inactivepeoplecantakealittlemoreexercisethanoverweightpeoplebecausetheirbodiesarestronger.____19____Expertsalsosuggestonehouraweekormoreonrunningandotherformsofintensiveexercises,togetherwithfifteenminutesadayspentonstretchingandbendingactivities.____20____Someweight-trainingandotherbody-strengtheningexercisescouldalsobeplannedintheprogrammeinordertoincreasepeople'sstrengthandsafety.A.It'stimetotakepartinsport.B.Itreducesstressandimprovesfitness.C.Sportscanmakeyourlifemorecolorful.D.First,findoutyourpresentleveloffitness.E.Thesameruleisalsosuitableforactiveteenagers.F.Theyarereallyimportantinordertopreventinjuries.G.Therearethreelevelsoffitnessthatneedachangeoflifestyle.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.E20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文?，F(xiàn)在青少年的健康是一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題，體育熬煉是特別重要的。文章主要就青少年如何進(jìn)行體育熬煉保持健康提出了一些建議。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Teenagers'fitnessisnowamajorconcernandphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.(現(xiàn)在青少年的健康是一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題，體育熬煉是特別重要的)”可知，上文提到了體育熬煉的重要性，本句應(yīng)承接上文說(shuō)明緣由：體育熬煉削減壓力和提高健康。B選項(xiàng)中It指代上文physicalexercise。故B選項(xiàng)“它削減壓力和提高健康”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Exercisemakesyourbodystrongandhelpsyoutokeeptherightbodyweight.Sportsscientistsofferthefollowingadvicetoteenagers(運(yùn)動(dòng)使你的身體強(qiáng)壯，幫助你保持正確的體重。體育科學(xué)家向青少年供應(yīng)了以下建議：)”以及后文“Thenyoucandesignaprogrammethatwillhelpyoubecomehealthier.(然后你可以設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)安排來(lái)幫助你變得更健康)”可知，上文提到了科學(xué)家的建議，后文則說(shuō)明白詳細(xì)的步驟，可知本句是第一點(diǎn)建議。故D選項(xiàng)“首先，找出你目前的健康水平”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段主旨句。依據(jù)后文““Overweight”meansthatthepersongetsverylittleexerciseandoftenhasaseriousweightproblem.“Inactive”meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.“Active”referstopeoplewhoparticipateinsportsandotherphysicalactivities,butdonothaveahighfitnesslevel.(“超重”意味著這個(gè)人很少運(yùn)動(dòng)，常常有嚴(yán)峻的體重問(wèn)題。“不活躍的”意思是這個(gè)人不參與很多體育活動(dòng)，但并不嚴(yán)峻超重。“好動(dòng)”是指參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)和其他體育活動(dòng)，但身體健康水平不高的人)”可知，后文主要說(shuō)明白三種健康層次，故G選項(xiàng)“有三個(gè)層次的健康須要變更生活方式”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。【19題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Accordingtoexperts,overweightteenagersshouldworkouttokeephealthy.Rideabike,playvolleyballorbasketballforawhile,andgoforatwentyminutewalkeachday.Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.Inactiveteenagersshoulddosimilaractivities,butaddsomebendingandstretchingexercises,suchaspush-upsandsit-ups,startingwithtwentyofeachaday.Inactivepeoplecantakealittlemoreexercisethanoverweightpeoplebecausetheirbodiesarestronger.(專家認(rèn)為，超重的青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)熬煉來(lái)保持健康。每天騎一會(huì)兒自行車，打一會(huì)兒排球或籃球，然后步行20分鐘。全部這些都有助于燃燒卡路里。不活躍的青少年也應(yīng)當(dāng)做類似的運(yùn)動(dòng)，但要增加一些彎曲和伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如俯臥撐和仰臥起坐，每天20次。不愛運(yùn)動(dòng)的人可以比超重的人多做一點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳眢w更強(qiáng)壯)”可知，上文提到不愛運(yùn)動(dòng)的人可以比超重的人多做一點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，本句為本段最終一句，應(yīng)說(shuō)明這一規(guī)則在青少年身上是否適用。故E選項(xiàng)“同樣的規(guī)則也適用于活躍的青少年”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Expertsalsosuggestonehouraweekormoreonrunningandotherformsofintensiveexercises,togetherwithfifteenminutesadayspentonstretchingandbendingactivities.(專家還建議每周花一個(gè)小時(shí)或更多的時(shí)間進(jìn)行跑步和其他形式的高強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)，每天花15分鐘進(jìn)行伸展和彎曲活動(dòng))”可知，上文提到要每天花15分鐘進(jìn)行伸展和彎曲活動(dòng)，由此推知本句應(yīng)承接上文說(shuō)明這些活動(dòng)的作用：防止受傷，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中They指代上文stretchingandbendingactivities。故F選項(xiàng)“為了防止受傷，它們真的很重要”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié),滿分55分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B.C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Danaisa10-year-oldgirl,whofoundherfriendwassickwitharareandlife-threateningdisease.____21____,shebeganhermissiontofindawaytohelpherfriendandother____22____childrenbyfundingresearchtodiscoverlifesavingcures.Dana'sfirstideawasto____23____lemonade(檸檬水)butitwouldbelimitedtothesummerseason.Shehadto____24____analternativeconcept.Danaandhermotherhadafunhabitofbakingtogether,andit____25____toherthatshecouldbakecookies.Sheknewthatmostpeoplelovecookiesandlikeeatingthemall____26____long.Shecalledhernewlycreated____27____Cookies4Cures.Danastartedher____28____missionwhenshewasonlysevenyearsold.Sheandhermother____29____spenttwodaysaweekbakingthecookiesathome.Danawouldthen____30____thestreetseveryweekendattemptingtosellthecookiesdoortodoortothelocal____31____.Herfirstgoalwastomake$1,000insales.“Itwasso____32____andtookusthreemonths,"Danarecalledherfirsttiringyetrewardingsalesattempt.DanasoondecidedtomoveherCookies4Curescampaign____33____andthatwaswhensalesreallystartedto____34____.Attheendoftheyear,sheraised$56,000.Theconceptwassimple:shebakedthecookiesandthen____35____otherstodonateonlinetofundresearchforrarediseasesinexchangeforher____36____cookies.Cookies4Curesisnow____37____onraisingawarenessfortherarediseasesforchildren.Withoutacure,itisscientific____38____thatprovideshopetochildrenandtheirfamiliesthatonedayonewillbediscovered.Itisthis____39____thatmotivatesDanatokeep____40____bakingforcausesdeartoherheart.21.A.Instead B.However C.Thus D.Besides22.A.suffering B.challenging C.promising D.exciting23.A.make B.sell C.drink D.buy24.A.comeupwith B.getalongwith C.teamupwith D.comeoutof25.A.appeared B.explained C.seemed D.occurred26.A.day B.year C.month D.week27.A.company B.project C.medicine D.campaign28.A.annoying B.troublesome C.caring D.mean29.A.typically B.secretly C.cautiously D.simply30.A.build B.run C.clean D.hit31.A.school B.community C.government D.radio32.A.eager B.boring C.hard D.bad33.A.overseas B.ahead C.abroad D.online34.A.takeoff B.pullout C.setabout D.putaside35.A.ordered B.allowed C.invited D.warned36.A.life-changing B.heartbreaking C.easy-going D.mouthwatering37.A.based B.focused C.insisted D.depended38.A.communication B.data C.research D.report39.A.hope B.doubt C.shade D.proof40.A.healthy B.busy C.calm D.cool【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C36.D37.B38.C39.A40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了十歲的女孩Dana發(fā)覺她的摯友患有一種罕見的、危及生命的疾病，于是起先了自己的使命，通過(guò)資助探討，找尋挽救生命的方法，來(lái)幫助她的摯友和其他受苦的孩子。她創(chuàng)建了名為Cookies4Cures的活動(dòng)，起先在網(wǎng)上賣餅干，到年底，她籌集了56000美元，這一活動(dòng)現(xiàn)在致力于提高對(duì)兒童罕見疾病的相識(shí)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她起先了自己的使命，通過(guò)資助探討，找尋挽救生命的方法，來(lái)幫助她的摯友和其他受苦的孩子。A.Instead相反；B.However然而；C.Thus因此；D.Besides此外。上文提到Dana的摯友得了一種罕見的、危及生命的疾病，后文則提到Dana起先找尋挽救生命的方法，前后為因果關(guān)系，應(yīng)用thus。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她起先了自己的使命，通過(guò)資助探討，找尋挽救生命的方法，來(lái)幫助她的摯友和其他受苦的孩子。A.suffering受苦的；B.challenging挑戰(zhàn)的；C.promising有希望的；D.exciting令人興奮的。依據(jù)后文“childrenbyfundingresearchtodiscoverlifesavingcures”可知是為其他為疾病受苦的孩子找尋挽救生命的方法。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Dana的第一個(gè)想法是賣檸檬水，但僅限于夏季。A.make制作；B.sell銷售；C.drink喝；D.buy購(gòu)買。依據(jù)后文“l(fā)emonade”指通過(guò)銷售檸檬水來(lái)獲得資助。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她不得不提出另一個(gè)概念。A.comeupwith提出；B.getalongwith和諧相處；C.teamupwith與……合作；D.comeoutof出自。依據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)“analternativeconcept”指提出另一個(gè)概念，應(yīng)用comeupwith。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Dana和她媽媽有一個(gè)一起烘焙好玩習(xí)慣，她突然想到她可以烤餅干。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.explained說(shuō)明；C.seemed好像；D.occurred發(fā)生。依據(jù)后文“toherthatshecouldbakecookies”指某人突然想到應(yīng)用句型itoccurtosb.that…。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她知道大多數(shù)人喜愛餅干，喜愛一整年都吃。A.day天；B.year年；C.month月；D.week周。上文提到檸檬水只能在夏天賣，所以這個(gè)想法是因?yàn)槿藗円徽甓汲燥灨伞９蔬xB?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她稱自己新創(chuàng)建的活動(dòng)為Cookies4Cures。A.company公司；B.project項(xiàng)目；C.medicine藥物；D.campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)。依據(jù)上文“Shecalledhernewlycreated”可知指稱自己新創(chuàng)建的活動(dòng)為Cookies4Cures。后文“DanasoondecidedtomoveherCookies4Curescampaign”也是提示。故選D。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Dana七歲時(shí)就起先了她的愛心使命。A.annoying惱人的；B.troublesome麻煩的；C.caring關(guān)切他人的；D.mean苛刻的。依據(jù)上文可知Dana通過(guò)賣餅干為患病的孩子獲得資助，所以是愛心使命。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她和她的母親通常每周花兩天時(shí)間在家烤餅干。A.typically通常，典型地；B.secretly隱私地；C.cautiously慎重地；D.simply僅僅。依據(jù)后文“spenttwodaysaweekbakingthecookiesathome”指通常每周花兩天時(shí)間在家烤餅干。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Dana每個(gè)周末都會(huì)走上街頭，挨家挨戶地向當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)推銷餅干。A.build修建；B.run奔跑；C.clean清理；D.hit打擊。依據(jù)后文“thestreetseveryweekend”指走上街頭，應(yīng)用hitthestreets。故選D。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Dana每個(gè)周末都會(huì)走上街頭，挨家挨戶地向當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)推銷餅干。A.school學(xué)校；B.community社區(qū)；C.government政府；D.radio電臺(tái)。依據(jù)上文“sellthecookiesdoortodoortothelocal”可知是挨家挨戶地向當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)推銷餅干。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這太辛苦了，我們花了三個(gè)月的時(shí)間，”Dana回憶起她第一次令人乏累但卻很有回報(bào)的銷售嘗試。A.eager渴望的；B.boring無(wú)聊的；C.hard努力的；D.bad壞的。依據(jù)后文“tookusthreemonths”可知賣餅干很辛苦，花了三個(gè)月時(shí)間。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Dana很快確定將她的Cookies4Cures活動(dòng)搬到網(wǎng)上，這是銷售真正起先勝利的時(shí)候。A.overseas海外的；B.ahead在前的；C.abroad國(guó)外的；D.online在線的。呼應(yīng)后文“otherstodonateonline”Cookies4Cures活動(dòng)搬到了網(wǎng)上，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Dana很快確定將她的Cookies4Cu