福建省三明市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE21福建省三明市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題（含解析）（考試時間：120分鐘；滿分：150分）本試卷由四個部分組成，其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題，第三部分的其次節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題?？忌粢猓?.考生答題時，將答案寫在專用答題卡上。選擇題答案請用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案涂黑；非選擇題答案請用直徑0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，凡是答題不規(guī)范一律無效2.考生應(yīng)遵守考試規(guī)定，做到“誠信考試，杜絕舞弊”。第一部分聽力理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.AcoatB.Ascarf.C.Adress2.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At7:20B.At7:30p.m.C.At7:50p.m.3.WhatdidTomdolastweekend?A.Hewatchedamovie.B.Hewasbusyworking.C.Hepracticedcalligraphy.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.ClassmatesB.DoctorandpatientC.Teacherandstudent5.Howistheweathernow?A.RainyB.HotC.Cold.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題6.Whichsubjectdidthemanhelpthewomanwith?A.Geography.B.ChemistryC.Math7.Whydothespeakersplantogotothelibrary?A.Tostudyforatest.B.Todovoluntarywork.C.Toreturnsomebooks.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whenwasthefestivalfirstheld?A.1yearago.B.2yearsagoC.3yearsago.9.Whatcantheaudiencedoduringthefestival?A.Shootafilm.B.Learntousecameras.C.Communicatewithdirectors10.Wheredomostofthefilmscomefrom?A.Theman’sschool.B.Otheruniversities.C.Filmcompanies聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisatrainer.B.Sheisoutofshape.C.Shejoinsafitnessclub.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtosleepwell.B.Howtokeephealthy.C.Howtogiveadvice.13.Whatdoesthemanprobablymeanintheend?A.Hewillsetupafitnessclub.B.Hewillhaveahealthcheck-up.C.Hewilltakethetrainer’sadvice.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Wheredidthemantravel?A.ToNewYorkB.ToParisC.ToBeijing15.Whatdoesthemanregret?A.TastingFrenchfood.B.Forgettingtotakephotos.C.Missingthetopofthetower.16.Howdoesthemanfindthetrip?A.ExcitingB.DisappointingC.Tiring聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whichpartofthebirdisblue?A.Itsfeet.B.ItseyesC.Itswings18.WheredidWillstarttoknowthebird?A.OnawebsiteB.InascienceclassC.Inacompany.19.WhatdidWilldowiththesocks?A.Hegavethemaway.B.Hekeptthemhimself.C.Hesoldthemtoothers20.What’sthepurposeoftheproject?AToraisefundstosavethebird.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdwell.C.Topreventthebirdfromillegaltrade.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。ALet'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.Nunavut,CanadaAuyuittuqNationalPark,whichmeans“thelandthatnevermelts”,isjustoneoftheshockingwondersinNunavut,Therearemanyicefalls,mountains,anddeepvalleyswhilehikerscrossthe60mAkshayukPassinthesummer.Andthat'sjustoneattraction.Fromnarrowseastomountains,therearethreeareasinNunavut,allwithbeautifulnaturallandfeature.Visitorscanhunt,fish,mountainhike,andwalkacrossiceflows.NamibDesert,NamibiaAcoastaldesertinthesouthernareaofAfrica,itisknownforitsburntorange-goldensands.TheNamibhasbeendryforatleast55millionyearsandpossiblyasmanyas80million.Thenamemeans“vastspace”,anditspreadsmorethan1200miles.Thehillofsandscanreachupto980feethighand20mileslong.Amazingly,thetemperaturesstrikingagainstcoldcurrentscreateafogbeltthatoftencoversthedesert.AntarcticaPerhapsthelastunspoiltplace,Antareticaisanemptylandscape.Notreesgrowhere,andonemusttravelwithatourismcompanyinordertovisit.Admireicebergs,sealions,whales,andlistentothesoundofabsolutelynothing.Fiordland,NewZealandOneofthemostshockingareasofNewZealand,Fiordlandcanbeseenonfoot,byair,orbywater.TheMilfordTrackisoneofthemostfamouswalks,withthetallestwaterfallinthecountryandimpressivevalleyviews.LakeMonowaiisaglassy,mirrorlikebodyofwatersurroundedbymountainsandbestexploredbyboatingonastillday.1.Huntingandfishingareavailableforvisitorsin_________.A.Nunavut B.NamibDesert C.Antarctica D.Fiordland2.WhatisNamibDesertfamousfor?A.Iceflows. B.Burntsands. C.Highhills. D.Valleyviews.3.Whichwordcanbestdescribeallthefourplaces?A.Unknown. B.Unreachable. C.Unmelted. D.Undamaged.4.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanthispassagebefound?A.Travel. B.Space. C.Opinion. D.Sports.【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個世界上未受到破壞的地方，具體介紹了它們各自的特色和游客可以進行的活動等信息?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Nunavut,Canada部分中“Visitorscanhunt,fish,mountainhike,andwalkacrossiceflows.(游客可以打獵、釣魚、爬山、在冰川上行走)”可知，游客可以在Nunavut狩獵和釣魚。故選A?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)NamibDesert,Namibia部分中“AcoastaldesertinthesouthernareaofAfrica,itisknownforitsburntorange-goldensands.(它是非洲南部的一個沿海沙漠，以其焦黃色沙子而著名)”可知，NamibDesert以焦黃色沙子著名。故選B?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“Let'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.(讓我們來看看世界上一些未被破壞的地方，它們是漂亮的，因為它們始終被保留下來，并記住保持它們原始的重要性)”可知，文章主要介紹了四個未被破壞的地方，D選項“undamaged(未受損害的)”最能描述這四個地方。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“Let'stakealookatsomeoftheworld'sunspoiltplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouched,andremembertheimportanceofkeepingthempristine.(讓我們來看看世界上一些未被破壞的地方，它們是漂亮的，因為它們始終被保留下來，并記住保持它們原始的重要性)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四個世界上未受到破壞的地方，具體介紹了它們各自的特色和游客可以進行的活動等信息。可推知，文章可能選自雜志的“旅游”部分。故選A。BLearningChinesecharacterscanbeahardjobforforeignersandevenforyoungChinese.ThegoodnewsisthatChineseCharacterOriginCards,anewproduct,canmakelearningthemeasyandfun.Canyoupicture108Chinesecharacterssuchasren(person),niao(bird),andlei(thunder)comingaliverightinfrontofyoureyes,tellingyouhowtheyhavedevelopedfromthesymbolscarvedonancientanimalbonesallthewaytowhattheylooklikenow?Thismaysoundimpossible,butit'sjustwhatthecardspromisetheirusers.Thecardswereco-developedbyanAmericanexpertRichardSearsandShiwangme,acompanymainlydevelopingARandAIapplications.“Ilikedtheideaofusing2Danimation,togetherwith3DARtoshowthecorrectorigin(起源)ofChinesecharacterstoChinesechildren,”saidSears,whodecidedtoworkasaspecialexpertwithShiwangmetodeveloptheproductin2024.“WithSears'syearsofresearchandhisstrongdatabase,weareabletoshowlearnersthedevelopmentofChinesecharacterscorrectly,"saidShiwangmeCEOZhangShuai.TheARfeaturedinthecards“wouldsurelyofferusershigh-techexcitementsandmakethelearningexperiencemuchmorefun”,Zhangadded.ThecardshavebeenwelcomedinthemarketandSearswontheJinlingFriendshipAward.However,ZhangandSearswon'trestontheirachievements.AccordingtoZhang,thisisonlythefirstsetofcards.Theywillrollouttwomore.Atotalof324ChinesecharacterswillbeincludedtohelpChineselearnersbuildastrongbasis.5.WhatdoweknowaboutChineseCharacterOriginCards?A.Itenjoysalonghistory. B.ItwascreatedbySearsalone.C.Ithas108Chinesecharactersnow. D.Itwasspeciallydesignedforforeigners.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rollout”inParagraph5mean?A.Remove. B.Introduce. C.Ignore. D.Revise.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheApplicationsofARAndAIB.TheInventionofChineseCharactersC.RichardSearsWontheJinlingFriendshipAwardD.TechnologyAddsFuntoChineseCharactersLearning【答案】5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款高科技漢字起源卡片，它可以更好幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)漢字?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Canyoupicture108Chinesecharacterssuchasren(person),niao(bird),andlei(thunder)comingaliverightinfrontofyoureyes,tellingyouhowtheyhavedevelopedfromthesymbolscarvedonancientanimalbonesallthewaytowhattheylooklikenow?（你能想象108個漢字，比如“人”、“鳥”、“雷”，活生生地出現(xiàn)在你眼前嗎?它們是如何從刻在古代動物骨頭上的符號發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在的樣子的?）”可知，漢字起源卡片現(xiàn)有108個漢字。故選C項。【6題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Atotalof324ChinesecharacterswillbeincludedtohelpChineselearnersbuildastrongbasis.”可知，現(xiàn)有108個漢字但將來有324個漢字幫助學(xué)習(xí)漢語，可推想，還有兩套將要被推出。所以rollout為“推廣，推行”之意與introduce意思一樣。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段“ThegoodnewsisthatChineseCharacterOriginCards,anewproduct,canmakelearningthemeasyandfun.（好消息是，一種新產(chǎn)品，漢字起源卡片，可以使學(xué)習(xí)漢字變得簡潔和好玩。）”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一款高科技漢字起源卡片，它可以更好幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)漢字，科技為漢字學(xué)習(xí)增加樂趣。所以“TechnologyAddsFuntoChineseCharactersLearning(科技給漢字學(xué)習(xí)帶來了樂趣)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D項。CHowmanyphonenumberscanyourememberbyheart?It’sprobablyfewerthanyouwouldlike.Actually,you’renotalone.Outofmorethan1,000Americanswhoweresurveyed,morethanhalfsaidthattheycouldn’trecallthephonenumbersoftheirfriendsandneighbors.And44%saidthattheycouldn’tremembertheirrelatives’phonenumbers.Intheireyes,thereisnopointinfillingtheirheadswithphonenumbersifthey’reallstoredinsmartphonesthatarewiththemalmostallthetime.Infact,mostpeoplearesufferingfromasortofdigitalamnesia.Morethan90%ofthosesurveyedagreedthattheyusedtheInternetasanonlineextensionoftheirbrains.Rotememorizationwasonceanimportantpartofmoderneducation,butwejustneedaclickorslidenow.That’smakingusworseatrememberingthings.Researchersfoundthatwhenpeopleexpectedtohaveaccesstoinformationonline,theywerelesslikelytorememberactualfacts，butmorelikelytorememberhowtofindthem.Asaresult,wearealreadybecomingonewithourcomputertools,growingintointerconnectedsystemsthatrememberlessbyknowinginformationthanbyknowingwheretheinformationcanbefound.However,somebelieveitisn’tnecessarilyabadthing—maybeitgivesthemmorechancestothinkthroughthings.Wecertainlyhaveaccesstomoreknowledgenowthanever,evenifitisn’tallstoredinourbrains.Evenso,Istillbelievethattherearemoreriskstothisnewworldofmemorybeyondlosingourabilitytorecallsomeinformationsuchaswhothe15thPresidentwas.Thatkindofinformationmayalwaysbeaclickaway,buttheimportantthingsarepersonalones,likethewayyourparentssmiledatyourwedding.It’shardertorecallorfindonline.Ifyou’rerelyingonyourselftokeeptrackofthosememories,theywillbemuchmoremeaningful.8.Paragraph1ismainlyusedto________.A.serveasthebackground B.introducethetopicC.explainnewresearch D.attractreaders’attention9.What’sthemaincauseofpeople’ssufferingfromdigitalamnesia?A.Dealingwithtoomanythings. B.Seldomthinkingaboutquestions.C.RelyingontheInternettoomuch. D.Thechangesoftheirmemories.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Over90%peoplearesufferingfromdigitalamnesia.B.Rotememorizationnolongerexistsinmodernlife.C.Peoplecangainknowledgemoreeasilythanbefore.D.Peoplefindithardtorememberhowtofindinformation11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’smemoriesnow?A.Worried. B.Optimistic. C.Disappointed. D.Confident.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了很多人因依靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)或手機來存儲、記憶信息導(dǎo)致其對基本信息的記憶力下降，作者對此現(xiàn)象表示擔(dān)憂?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“Outofmorethan1,000Americanswhoweresurveyed,morethanhalfsaidthattheycouldn’trecallthephonenumbersoftheirfriendsandneighbors.And44%saidthattheycouldn’tremembertheirrelatives’phonenumbers.Intheireyes,thereisnopointinfillingtheirheadswithphonenumbersifthey’reallstoredinsmartphonesthatarewiththemalmostallthetime.(在接受調(diào)查的1000多名美國人中，超過一半的人說他們想不起摯友和鄰居的電話號碼。44%的人說他們不記得親戚的電話號碼。在他們看來，假如電話號碼都存儲在智能手機里，而且?guī)缀鯚o時無刻不帶在身邊，那么用這些號碼填滿他們的腦袋就沒有意義了)”提到了目前一種常見的現(xiàn)象：很多人都不能清晰地記住手機號碼，因為他們認(rèn)為有手機存儲電話，大腦就沒有必要記憶電話號碼。所以充分說明白對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依靠減弱了人們的記憶力。即本段是作為引子，引出了本文探討的話題。故選B?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Infact,mostpeoplearesufferingfromasortofdigitalamnesia.Morethan90%ofthosesurveyedagreedthattheyusedtheInternetasanonlineextensionoftheirbrains.Rotememorizationwasonceanimportantpartofmoderneducation,butwejustneedaclickorslidenow.That’smakingusworseatrememberingthings.(事實上，大多數(shù)人都患有某種數(shù)字健忘癥。超過90%的受訪者同意他們將互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為大腦的在線延長。死記硬背曾經(jīng)是現(xiàn)代教化的重要組成部分，但我們現(xiàn)在只須要點擊或滑動一下。這讓我們的記憶力變差了)”可知，是人們對網(wǎng)絡(luò)依靠太多導(dǎo)致了健忘癥。故選C?！?0題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Wecertainlyhaveaccesstomoreknowledgenowthanever,evenifitisn’tallstoredinourbrains.(我們現(xiàn)在接觸到的學(xué)問確定比以往任何時候都多，即使這些學(xué)問并沒有全部儲存在我們的大腦中)”可知，人們可以比以前更簡潔獲得學(xué)問。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Evenso,Istillbelievethattherearemoreriskstothisnewworldofmemorybeyondlosingourabilitytorecallsomeinformationsuchaswhothe15thPresidentwas.(即便如此，我仍舊信任這個新的記憶世界存在更多的風(fēng)險，而不僅僅是丟失回憶一些信息的實力，比如第15任總統(tǒng)是誰)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人們記憶力減退有確定的風(fēng)險性，可推想作者對這一現(xiàn)象是擔(dān)憂的。故選A。DAnimalsintheArctic,includingreindeerandgoldeneagles,aremigratingearlierduetoclimatechange,sayresearcherswhohavegatheredahugeamountofdatatostudythebehaviorof86Arcticspeciesoverthepastthreedecades.“Wehavetheabilitytokeepoureyesonanimalmovementsonaverylargescale,”saysEliezerGurarieattheUniversityofMaryland.“Itseemsthatanimalsareunknowinglyreactingandadaptingtoclimaticchanges,andhavebeendoingforyears.”GurarieandhisteamusedGPSandsatellitestotrackthespringmigrationofmorethan900femalereindeeroverthepast15years.Theydiscoveredthatthefemalesaremigratingtogivebirthaboutadayearlieryearonyear,probablyasaresultofwarmingtemperatures.EarlierbirthingtimescanberiskyinnorthernpartsoftheArctic,saysteammemberGilBohreratOhioStateUniversity.“Therearehigherchancesoftheirchildrenfacingstrongandunexpectedstorms,”hesays.Iftheydo,manywilldiebecausetheycannotdealwithextremeconditions.Similarly,goldeneagles—whichusuallynestintheArcticarea—havebeenstartingtheirspringmigrationhalfadayearliereachyearoverthepast25years.“Theday-to-daychangeofclimateisverysmall,”saysBohrer.“Tounderstandhowanimalsreacttoclimatechange,youneedaverylongperiodofobservation—somethingthathasonlyrecentlybeenpossible.”Theresearchers’archiveofArcticanimalmovementcurrentlycoversmorethan15milliondatapointsrelatedto8000animals.“Ourarchivecanhelptoadvisemanagementmethodstopreserveendangeredspecies,asclimatechangeonlybecomesmoreextreme,”saysBohrer.12.WhatcanweconcludefromGurarie’swords?A.Researcherscanguideanimalmovements.B.Animalscanadapttoclimatechangeeasily.C.Animalsdon’tknowhowtoreacttothechanges.D.Earliermigrationisanimals’reactiontowarmerclimate.13Whatisapossiblebadeffectofanimals’givingbirthearlier?A.Childrenhavelessopportunitytosurvive. B.Therewillbemoreunexpectedstorms.C.Fewerchildrenwillbedelivered. D.Theymaymigrateearlierinspring.14.WhatdoesBohrerwanttostressinParagraph5?A.Thesmallchangeofclimate. B.Thechallengeoftheresearch.C.Thepossibilityofobservinganimals. D.Thepurposeoftheresearch.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theobservationofanimals. B.Newly-foundanimalsindanger.C.Thediscoveryofanimals’migratingearlier. D.Animals’extinctioncausedbyglobalwarming.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。本文主要講解并描述了一項探討發(fā)覺北極地區(qū)的動物由于天氣改變較早的遷移，文章介紹了探討開展的過程以及此項探討的意義?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Itseemsthatanimalsareunknowinglyreactingandadaptingtoclimaticchanges,andhavebeendoingforyears.(好像動物在不知不覺中對氣候改變做出反應(yīng)和適應(yīng)，并且已經(jīng)這樣做了多年)”可知，從Gurarie的話中可以推斷出，更早的遷徙是動物對暖和氣候的反應(yīng)。故選D。【13題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“EarlierbirthingtimescanberiskyinnorthernpartsoftheArctic,saysteammemberGilBohreratOhioStateUniversity.“Therearehigherchancesoftheirchildrenfacingstrongandunexpectedstorms,”hesays.Iftheydo,manywilldiebecausetheycannotdealwithextremeconditions.(俄亥俄州立高校的團隊成員GilBohrer說，在北極北部地區(qū)，提早生育可能會有風(fēng)險。他說：“它們的孩子更有可能面臨劇烈的、意想不到的風(fēng)暴?！奔偃缢鼈冞@樣做了，很多幼崽會因為無法應(yīng)對極端條件而死亡)”可知，早誕生的動物存活下來的機會更低。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中““Theday-to-daychangeofclimateisverysmall,”saysBohrer.“Tounderstandhowanimalsreacttoclimatechange,youneedaverylongperiodofobservation—somethingthathasonlyrecentlybeenpossible.”(“氣候的日常改變很小，”Bohrer說，“要了解動物對氣候改變的反應(yīng)，你須要很長時間的視察——這是最近才可能做到的?！?”可推斷，本段強調(diào)了探討的困難，視察動物對氣候的改變不簡潔。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段的“AnimalsintheArctic,includingreindeerandgoldeneagles,aremigratingearlierduetoclimatechange(由于氣候改變，北極的動物，包括馴鹿和金鷹在內(nèi)的北極動物正在提前遷徙)”結(jié)合本文主要講解并描述了一項探討發(fā)覺北極地區(qū)的動物由于天氣改變較早的遷移，文章介紹了探討開展的過程以及此項探討的意義。由此可知，這篇文章主要講了動物提前遷徙的發(fā)覺。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.___16___Trythefollowingsteps：Calmyourself.___17___Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.___18___Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender(冒犯者).Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.___19___Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.Youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.___20___Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.AWhyshouldyouforgive?B.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?C.Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.D.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender’sangle.E.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.F.Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.G.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.D20.E【解析】【分析】文章是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了人們寬恕他人的方法和途徑。【16題詳解】依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容和“Trythefollowingsteps”可知，接下來是提的建議，故空白處是問“應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣寬恕他人呢？”之類的話。起承上啟下的作用，故選B?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)Calmyourself(要冷靜)和takeacoupleofbreaths(深呼吸)可知，這里講的是，要學(xué)會舒緩生氣，讓自己安靜下來。F選項Tomakeyourangerdieaway,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.讓生氣漸漸消散，嘗試一個簡潔的壓力管理技巧，符合，故選F?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)第一句“Don'twaitforanapology.”可知，不能等待他人的寬恕，G選項Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.假如等他人來致歉，你可能會等相當(dāng)長的時間，G項與waitfor有關(guān)，故選G?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)IfIfyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawareness,fear,andevenlove.可知，假如你理解惹怒你的人，你可能會意識到他是無意損害你的，應(yīng)當(dāng)站在對方的角度考慮一下。D選項Trytoseethingsfromyouroffender'sangle.試著站在對方的角度思索問題.，符合。故選D?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)“Don'tforgettoforgiveyourself.”和“...robyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit”可知，最終一段說的是，要學(xué)會自我寬恕，E項“對一些人來說，寬恕他們自己是最大的挑戰(zhàn)”符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言學(xué)問運用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項Hansenandhis10-year-oldsonChasesearchthestreetsofSaltLakeCityeveryweekendforthehomelesstotaketolunch.TheystartedProjectEmpathy(共情)fouryearsagoto____21____ameal,listentotheirstoriesandfiguredouthowtheycould____22____help.“Juststartwithasmile,ahello.Itreallyjuststartswiththat.Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.Asmallgesturecanhavea____23____impactonotherslessfortunate,”Hansen____24____inaninterview.Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger____25____.Ward,ahomeless,was____26____inaflat.HecreditedtheHansenswithhelpinghim____27____thedifficultprocessofmovingoffthestreets.“Itisgreattohavefriendswhomakeusfeel____28____andI’mimpressedwiththepair,”Wardsaid.Fatherandson’s____29____havedevelopedintoapassionprojectthat_____30_____faithandcommunity,whichemphasizesthe_____31_____communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless.Theyknowtheycan’tsettlethehomeless_____32_____alone.They’rehopingempathywill_____33_____“Myhopeforthefutureisto_____34_____moreconnectionacrossourcountry.Wecouldandwewillsucceed_____35_____wehaveotherpeoplejoininandhelpthehomeless,”Chasesaid.21.A.buy B.cook C.share D.eat22.A.often B.further C.also D.even23.A.dramatic B.different C.minimum D.decisive24.A.commented B.praised C.joked D.quoted25.A.desires B.connections C.motivations D.opinions26.A.provided B.permitted C.abandoned D.housed27.A.through B.for C.despite D.to28.A.surprised B.anxious C.awesome D.annoyed29.A.dreams B.influences C.experiences D.efforts30.A.assesses B.compares C.highlights D.respects31.A.importance B.task C.chance D.role32.A.argument B.problem C.debt D.conflict33.A.goaway B.catchon C.workout D.giveoff34.A.spread B.miss C.exchange D.maintain35.A.before B.until C.if D.so【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.D31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了漢森父子成立“共情”項目幫助無家可歸者的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，他們起先了“移情工程”(ProjectEmpathy)，共進晚餐，傾聽他們的故事，并想方法進一步供應(yīng)幫助。A.buy買；B.cook烹飪；C.share共享；D.eat吃。依據(jù)下文的“Someofthesesharedmealshaveturnedintostronger(5)Ward”可知，此處用“共享”符合語境，share是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：四年前，他們起先了“移情工程”(ProjectEmpathy)，共進晚餐，傾聽他們的故事，并想方法進一步供應(yīng)幫助。A.often常常；B.further進一步；C.also也；D.even甚至。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指除了給那些無家可歸的人共享食物和聽他們講解并描述自己的事情外，父子兩如何為他們供應(yīng)進一步的幫助。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漢森在接受采訪時說：“一個小小的舉動就會對那些不幸的人產(chǎn)生巨大的影響?！盇.dramatic巨大的，戲劇性的；B.different不同的；C.minimum最小的；D.decisive確定性的。依據(jù)后文的描述，并結(jié)合此處與前文的small相對可知，表達小小的舉動卻能產(chǎn)生大大的影響。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：漢森在接受采訪時說：“一個小小的舉動就會對那些不幸的人產(chǎn)生巨大的影響?！?。A.commented評論；B.praised贊美；C.joked開玩笑；D.quoted引用。此處用了漢森采訪時說的一句話，故用“commented”符合語境。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：其中一些共享的食物已經(jīng)變成了更強的聯(lián)系。A.desires愿望；B.connections聯(lián)系；C.motivations動機；D.opinions看法。依據(jù)上文的“Ifyoudoit,youcanmakeaconnection.”可知，此處是信息詞connection的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沃德是個無家可歸的人，被安置在一間公寓里。A.provided供應(yīng)；B.permitted允許；C.abandoned拋棄；D.housed給供應(yīng)住處。依據(jù)“inaflat”可知，此處是指漢森父子給沃德供應(yīng)了一間公寓用來居住。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他感謝漢森一家?guī)椭冗^了擺脫街頭生活的艱難受程。A.through通過；B.for為了；C.despite盡管；D.to向，對于。結(jié)合“thedifficultprocess”可知，此處through符合語境。故選A。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沃德說:“能有讓我們感覺很棒的摯友真是太好了，我對他們倆印象深刻。”A.surprised驚異的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.awesome令人驚羨的；D.annoyed憤怒的。結(jié)合上下文可知，漢森父子幫助無家可歸的人，和他們共享食物，給他們供應(yīng)居處等，這讓他們感覺特別好。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個充溢激情的項目，它敬重信仰和社區(qū)，強調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.dreams幻想；B.influences影響；C.experiences經(jīng)驗；D.efforts努力。此處是指父子兩幫助無家可歸的人的努力，影響了四周的人。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個充溢激情的項目，它敬重信仰和社區(qū)，強調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.assesses評估；B.compares比較；C.highlights強調(diào)；D.respects敬重。依據(jù)下文的“whichemphasizesthe(11)communitymemberscanhaveinupliftingthehomeless”可知，此處highlight和emphasize是同義詞，符合語境。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父子倆的努力已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個充溢激情的項目，它敬重信仰和社區(qū)，強調(diào)社區(qū)成員在提升無家可歸者方面可以發(fā)揮的作用。A.importance重要性；B.task任務(wù)；C.chance機會；D.role角色。此處是指社區(qū)的每個成員都可以幫助無家可歸的人，即每個人都可以充當(dāng)幫助別人的角色。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們知道自己無法獨自解決無家可歸者的問題。A.argument爭辯；B.problem問題；C.debt債務(wù)；D.conflict爭端。依據(jù)常識可知，無家可歸是一個社會問題。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們希望“共情”可以變得流行。A.goaway走開；B.catchon變得流行；C.workout計算出，熬煉；D.giveoff散發(fā)（光、熱、氣味）。依據(jù)上文的“Theyknowtheycan'tsettlethehomeless(12)alone.”可推知，他們希望“共情”這個項目可以變得流行，這樣可以讓更多的人來幫助無家可歸者。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我對將來的希望是在全國范圍內(nèi)傳播更多的聯(lián)系。A.spread傳播；B.miss思念，錯過；C.exchange溝通；D.maintain維持。依據(jù)下文的“acrossourcountry”可知此處用“傳播”符合語境。故選A。【35題詳解】考查從屬連詞辨析。句意：假如我們讓其他人加入進來幫助無家可歸的人，我們就可以，也確定會勝利。A.before在……之前；B.until直到；C.if假如；D.so因此。結(jié)合前后文語境可知，此處應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，表示“假如”。故選C。其次節(jié)語法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個合適的單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earthquakesarequitecommon.Infact,thousandsofearthquakesarehappeningalmostateverymoment.However,mostof____36____(they)aretooweaktofeel.Duringabigearthquake,thereisoftenabignoisefirst.Thentheearthshakes____37____(terrible)andmanyhousesfalldown.Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld,theearthquakeoftenresult____38____manypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.In2008,aterribleearthquake____39____(strike)China’sSichuanProvince,causingseverecasualties.Besidesthegreatdamageanddeaths____40____(cause)bytheearthquake,otheraccidentssuchasfiresoftenfollow.Morebuildingsmaybedamagedandmoreinjuriesmaybecaused.For____41____(century),peoplehavebeenmakingstudiesofearthquakes.About2,000yearsago,forexample,____42____ChinesescientistnamedZhangHenginventedamachine____43____couldfindoutthedirectionwheretheearthquakewavescame.Withtherapid____44____(develop)ofmodernscienceandtechnology,wenowknowalotmoreaboutearthquakes.However,itisstilldifficultforscientists_____45_____(predict)exactlywhenandwheretheearthquakewillhappen,andcan’tstopitfromhappening.【答案】36.them37.terribly38.in39.struck40.caused41.centuries42.a43.which/that44.development45.topredict【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹世界上最致命的自然災(zāi)難之一——地震，和它給人們帶來的災(zāi)難以及為預(yù)防地震科學(xué)家所付出的努力。【36題詳解】考查人稱代詞賓格。句意：然而，他們中的大多數(shù)人太弱了，感覺不到。介詞of后面用代詞賓格，此處指“他們中的大多數(shù)”，在句中作主語。故填them?！?7題詳解】考查副詞修飾動詞。句意：然后，大地可怕地振動，很多房屋倒塌。句中shakes是謂語動詞，由副詞修飾，所給詞terrible是形容詞，其副詞是terribly。故填terribly?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：作為世界上最致命的自然災(zāi)難之一，地震常常導(dǎo)致很多人受傷或死亡。動詞短語：resultin“導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是”。故填in?！?9題詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：在2008年，一場可怕的地震攻擊了中國四川省，造成嚴(yán)峻的人員傷亡。依據(jù)In2008,可知句子用一般過去時，動詞strike的過去式是struck。故填struck?！?0題詳解】考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意：除了地震造成的巨大破壞和死亡，其他事故如火災(zāi)常常隨之而來。句中thegreatdamageanddeaths和動詞cause之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去分詞作后置定語。故填caused。【41題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：幾個世紀(jì)以來，人們始終在探討地震。所給詞century是可數(shù)名詞，這里指“幾個世紀(jì)”，所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填centuries?！?2題詳解】考查不定冠詞。句意：例如，大約2000年前，一位名叫張衡的中國科學(xué)家獨創(chuàng)了一種機器，這種機器可以知道地震波來的方向。這里表示泛指，用不定冠詞a表示“一個”名叫張衡的科學(xué)家。故填a。【43題詳解】考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：例如，大約2000年前，一位名叫張衡的中國科學(xué)家獨創(chuàng)了一種機器，這種機器可以知道地震波來的方向。此處machine作先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作主語，由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which/that?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，我們現(xiàn)在對地震有了更多的了解。句中rapid是形容詞，修飾名詞，所給詞develop是動詞，其名詞是development。故填development。【45題詳解】考查不定式作主語。句意：然而，對科學(xué)家來說，精確預(yù)料地震發(fā)生的時間和地點，并不能阻擋它的發(fā)生仍舊是困難的。句中it是形式主語，動詞不定式是真正在的主語。故填topredict。寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)詞匯（共10小