內(nèi)蒙古通遼市科左后旗甘旗卡第二高級(jí)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題

PAGE5內(nèi)蒙古通遼市科左后旗甘旗卡其次高級(jí)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試試題試卷總分：120分（折后150分）考試時(shí)間：100分鐘留意事項(xiàng)：1.答題時(shí)，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí),必需運(yùn)用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí),必需運(yùn)用黑色墨水筆或黑色簽字筆,將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.全部題目必需在答題卡上作答,在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。5.考試結(jié)束后,只將答題卡交回。其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEastbourneFestivalWithsuchstrongsupportfromthegeneralpublic,thefestivalissurelyagreateventforpeopleofallages.Thisfreefamilyweekendeventbringstogetherpeoplefromallovertheglobemixingculture,foodandmusicinagreatsettingatHampdenPark.Time:Sat.24-Mon.26Aug.EastbourneInternationalAirshowTheworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.Theeventalsoincludeschildren'sentertainmentareas,eveningconcerts,helicopterrides.Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.Grounddisplaysopen10:00am-6:00pmdaily,withflyingfromlunchtimeuntilabout5pm.Time:Thur.15-Sun.18Aug.ACelebrationofLandandSeaSovereignHarbourYachtClubattheWaterfrontis,onceagain,pleasedtobeabletopresenttheirthirdannualCelebrationofLandandSeaevent.Theeventisfreeforallvisitorswithplentyofon-sitefreeparking,andnolivemusicperformanceswillneedtobecanceledduetothesummerweather.Thisyearyou'llbeluckytoenjoythefireworksdisplayduringthecelebration.ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.Theeventopensat10:00amdaily.Pleaseseewebsiteformoreinformation.PunchandJudyReturningforhis26thyearEastboume'sPunchandJudy,RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursdaythroughouttheschoolholidaysattheusualtimeof12:30and2:00pm.1．Whicheventendsupwithafireworksshow?A．PunchandJudy. B．EastbourneFestival.C．ACelebrationofLandandSea. D．EastbourneInternationalAirshow.2．Whenwill"ACelebrationofLandandSea"begin?A．OnMonday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSaturday. D．OnSunday.3．Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A．They'reopentothepublicforfree.B．They'responsoredbythepublic.C．Theyarerelatedtotraditions.D．Theyareinternationalaffairs.BDoyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenotalone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfoods.Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaistoenjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthefoodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.Donotmissmeals.Beforeyonleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fatsnack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.Beginwithclearsoupandfruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueatmayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemorethanenough.Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatinthem.Chooseleanmeat(瘦肉).Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymints(薄荷)andfruits.Theydon’thavefatcontentascreamandchocolate.Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkafteramealcanhelpburnoffexcess(過(guò)多的)calories.4．Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymay________.A．bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife B．makeyouworriedaboutyourfoodsC．bringweightproblems D．makeyouhatedeliciousfoods5．Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter_____.A．drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly B．turnawayfromdeliciousfoodsC．notacceptinvitationstofeasts D．noteatthefoodinhighfat6．Accordingtothepassage,____isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingonweight.A．vegetables B．waterC．caloriesofenergy D．physicalexercise7．Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey_______.A．can'tcontrolthemselvesB．gototoomanyfeastsC．enjoydeliciousfoodsD．can'thelpturningawayfromthefoodsCIfyouhaveevertriedanewsportortriedlearningamusicalinstrument,youmaywellknowthatthehardestpartisgettingstarted.Onceyouhavelearnedtheskills,theyreturnfairlyeasily,eveniftheyarenotusedforlongperiodsoftime.Mostexpertsputthisdownto"musclememory,"whichmeansthebrainrememberstheactionandcanrememberitwhenneeded.Thereisanotherthingthatmaybeasimportantinrecallingformerlylearnedsportskills—themistakesmadewhilelearningthetask.ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.Rezabelievesthatthishastodowiththefactthatinadditiontoperformingthetasktomusclememory,thebrainisalsocorrectingeachwrongmoveandlearninghowtocorrectit.Hecomparesittohavingacoachthatpointsoutthemistakesandmakessuggestionsonhowtoimprove.Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.Makingmistakesisagoodthing.Sothenexttimeyouarepracticingplayingthepiano,workingonyourtennisskill,orlearninganyothersportskill,don'tgetdiscouragedbythemistakes!8．Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout_________.A．howRezacarriedouttheexperiment B．whenthegamerslearnedagamewellC．whatgamesthevolunteerswereinterestedin D．whytheresearcherslikedtoplayvirtualgames9．WhatsurprisedRezamostabouttheresults?A．MistakesmakepeoplelearnfasterB．MistakesadddifficultytolearningC．MistakeswillberepeatedinlearningD．Mistakesspeeduptheactionsinbrain10．Fromtheresearch,weknow___________.A．learningisacourseofpracticeB．thebraincanpointoutmostmistakesC．mistakestrainthebraintodotasksbetter D．mistakeswillmakepeoplediscouraged11．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．MistakeshelpachievesuccessB．MistakesshouldbecorrectedintimeC．Musclememorymakesyousucceed D．MusclememoryshowspastexperienceDAtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcreditcardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogobeyondhisonlysourceofincome:the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺(tái)),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumerlendinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2008.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2024,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%ofChina’s50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.”Regulators(監(jiān)管部門)lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceofeasycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasaresultofforcedshutdowns.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.B．HelikespurchasinggoodsontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.C．Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.D．Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frugal”inParagraph3probablymean?A．ImpracticalB．HardworkingC．AvoidingwasteD．Relyingonothers14．whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesChina’sonlineconsumerfinance?A．HopelessB．UnreasonableC．ControlledD．sensible15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．Overconsumption—ABadHabitB．China’sGenerationZ—HookedOnCreditC．ChineseYouthIntheE—commerceAgeD．ZengJinpeng’sFinancialCrisi其次節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”16．Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.Withaslowermetabolism,fewercaloriesarebeingburned.Thusthecaloriesyoueatrightbeforebedwouldnotbebumpedoffasmuchastheywouldbewhileyou'reawake.Althoughthescienceseemsprettysound,recentstudieshaveshownthatmetabolismchangesverylittlewhileyouareasleep.Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.17．Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.18．Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.19．Ithaslittletodowiththetimewhenyoueat.SohowcomeindividualshavehigherBMIswhentheysnack'atnight?Althoughthereisarelationbetweenthetwo,itissimplyaresultofeatingtoomanycalories!Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.20．.A．Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.B．Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.C．Anyoneeatinganytimeafterthemorningwillbecomefat.D．Foodconsumedlateatnightwillmorelikelybestoredaway.E.Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue.F.Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight.G.There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed.第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whentwosistersfoundthemselveshavingdifficultyfindingawaytogettotheiraunt’s100thbirthdayparty,theywerefortunately21byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.Lastweekend,sistersKerryMaggardandDebEggers22toflyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty,buttheirflightwascanceled23badweather.TheysoonfoundthatallotherflightstoSouthDakotawere24,andtherewerenotaxisavailable,25theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.Feelingliketheyhadnoother26,Kerrymadealast-ditch(孤注一擲的)attempttogettothepartybycallingUber,andtheirridewas27byamannamedJesusFlorentino.“Iwasshockedthatsomeonepickeditup.Itwaskindofalastresort(最終一招)to28ifanyonewouldconsiderit,”Kerryrecalled.“ItwaspickedupatonceandofcourseIgotthe29onthephonewhichsaid‘Jesusis7minutesaway,’whichwasquitea30.”KerrycalledJesustomakesurethathewas31tomakethe400-mileround32,andmuchtohersurprise,hesaidhewasgameforit!Jesus33togetthesisterstotheiraunt’shouseintimeforher6pmparty,andhequicklyturnedbackaroundtomakethefour-hourtripbacktoMinneapolis.Kerrysaidafterwardthatshe34Jesus$50forthe$216trip,whichisa(n)35pricetopayforthequalitytimethatshegottospendwithheraunt.AsforJesus,hewasjust36thatthewomengottobetherefortheiraunt."Ifeltthattheyneededto37thebirthdaypartyandIenjoy38,soitworkedoutwell,”Jesussaid.“It'sa(n)39occasion,andifIwasintheirplaceIwould40verymuchsomeonebringingmetherewhentherewasnootherway.”21．A．a(chǎn)ffected B．interviewed C．helped D．followed22．A．planned B．continued C．happened D．refused23．A．dueto B．a(chǎn)sfor C．a(chǎn)ccordingto D．a(chǎn)partfrom24．A．recorded B．offered C．organized D．booked25．A．showing B．meaning C．predicting D．reporting26．A．information B．questions C．reason D．choices27．A．pickedup B．lookedinto C．putdown D．heldup28．A．imagine B．see C．recommend D．prove29．A．invitation B．number C．direction D．message30．A．mess. B．challenge C．shock D．struggle31．A．willing. B．a(chǎn)fraid C．quick D．careful32．A．race B．trip C．corner D．flight33．A．learned B．managed C．pretended D．failed34．A．borrowed B．saved C．gave D．returned35．A．fair B．fixed C．a(chǎn)verage D．full36．A．grateful B．surprised C．confident D．happy37．A．remember B．a(chǎn)ttend C．expect D．change38．A．walking B．talking C．driving D．staying39．A．informal B．similar C．rare D．important40．A．miss B．consider C．a(chǎn)ppreciate D．regret其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scienceexperimentscanhelpyoutounderstandthereasonbehindanythingandeverything.Aswegrowup,wegettoknowmanythingswhichwewouldbe41．(astonish)toseeaskids.42．(make)akidunderstandthedifferencebetweenmagicandreality,youneedtoshowhimthesciencebehindit.Youwillnotfaceanydifficultyindoingsoastheyarealwayseagertoknowaboutit.Itisabasichumanabilitytorememberthingswhichhe43．(watch)anddoesbyhimself.Hence(因此)practicalexercisesareveryimportantforchildrenintheirdailylife.Fewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindwhile44．(select)theexperimentsforkids.The45．(much)importantthingistotakeasimpleconcept.Iftheconceptistoodifficult,46．willbedifficultforchildrentofinishthatexperiment.Soyoushouldselectsimpleexperimentswhicharerightfortheirage.Theotherthingisthatyouneedtochoose47．experimentswhicharenotpoisonousandwitheasy48．(equip)andthatcanbehandled49．(easy)byyourkids.Child'ssafetyshouldbeyourpriority(優(yōu)先考慮的事情).Iamgoingtogiveyousomescienceexperiments50．willhelpyoutomakethesesmallkidsunderstandsimplefactswithcompletesafetyinmynextarticle.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Lastweek,Iwenttoapaintingexhibition.Uponenterthegallery,Iputontheearphoneswhichwouldgivemeinformationsofallthepaintings.Suddenly,Inoticedthattheelderlywomanwhodidn’tknowhowtousetheearphonesstoodanxiouslyinfrontofapainting.Irushedtoherwithhesitationbuthelpedherputontheearphones.Thewomanthanksmeformykindness.Irealizedthatwasreachingouttoothersthatcouldreallybringagreatmomentofhappiness,whichwasbenefittomesomuch.ThatdaywhenIappreciatedlotsofbreathtakingpaintings.What’smore,Ilearnedavaluablelessonfromthegratefulsmilegivingbytheelderlywoman.其次節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)冬季是傳染病高發(fā)季節(jié)，假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席，請(qǐng)以“保持健康，遠(yuǎn)離病毒”為主題，向全校同學(xué)寫一封倡議書，內(nèi)容包括：1.簡(jiǎn)述倡議的目的；2.提出防范的措施（留意個(gè)人防護(hù)，均衡飲食，適當(dāng)熬煉等）；3.倡議共同行動(dòng)；留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫.相關(guān)詞匯：傳染病:infectiousdisease口罩:mask;病毒：virusDearStudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion本卷由系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)生成，請(qǐng)細(xì)致校對(duì)后運(yùn)用，答案僅供參考。答案第答案第=page1010頁(yè)，總=sectionpages1010頁(yè)2024-2025學(xué)年度四所聯(lián)盟校上學(xué)期期末考試高二年段英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試卷參考答案1．D2．B3．A【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)活動(dòng)的狀況，介紹了包括活動(dòng)特色以剛好間等信息。1．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.(煙花表演標(biāo)記著活動(dòng)的結(jié)束)”可知，EastbourneInternationalAirshow活動(dòng)以煙火表演結(jié)束。故選D。2．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.(ACelebrationofLandandSea從8月23日起先，始終持續(xù)到8月26日，星期一)”可知，8月26日是周一，那么8月23日是周五，即ACelebrationofLandandSea活動(dòng)在周五起先。故選B。3．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)EastbourneFestival部分中“Thisfreefamilyweekendevent(這個(gè)免費(fèi)的家庭周末活動(dòng))”；EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Theworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.(世界上最大的免費(fèi)海濱航空展將于8月回來(lái)，為期4天的完備飛行)”；ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“Theeventisfreeforallvisitors(該活動(dòng)對(duì)全部參觀者免費(fèi)開放)”；PunchandJudy部分中“RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursday(RaySparks每周二和周四將在WishTowerSlopes上供應(yīng)他的免費(fèi)PunchandJudy表演)”可知，這四個(gè)活動(dòng)共同點(diǎn)是它們免費(fèi)向公眾開放。故選A。4．C5．D6．D7．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)如何在假期限制體重提出了建議?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.”可知，然而，許多人都擔(dān)憂假期期間吃了太多美味的食物帶來(lái)的體重問(wèn)題，假期是歡樂(lè)的日子但是它們會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)體重問(wèn)題。故選C。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.”可知，最好不吃高脂肪食物。為了不增重，最好不要吃高脂肪食物，故選D。3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.”可知，不要讓熬煉在度假期間停止，假期中肯定要熬煉身體，故選D。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.”可知，然而，遵循恰當(dāng)?shù)闹淇梢韵拗企w重，所以要限制體重就要限制自己，故選A。8．A9．A10．C11．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)探討表明，錯(cuò)誤能夠使人學(xué)習(xí)得更快，文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)探討開展的過(guò)程，以及科學(xué)家發(fā)覺犯錯(cuò)可以幫助大腦從錯(cuò)誤中更快地學(xué)習(xí)，也就是說(shuō)犯錯(cuò)誤其實(shí)是一件好事。8．主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容“ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(RezaShadmehr領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的探討包括讓志愿者玩一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的電子嬉戲：用一個(gè)略微小一點(diǎn)的藍(lán)點(diǎn)擊打一個(gè)紅色目標(biāo)點(diǎn)，類似于玩虛擬飛鏢。玩家們不知道的是，一旦他們駕馭了嬉戲，探討人員就會(huì)將藍(lán)點(diǎn)稍稍偏離軌道，從而迫使他們重新起先學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程。盡管志愿者們?cè)诿看巫兏覒驎r(shí)都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，但他們駕馭嬉戲的速度更快了)”可知，其次段主要是關(guān)于Reza是如何進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)的。故選A。9．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(盡管志愿者們?cè)诿看巫兏覒驎r(shí)都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，但他們駕馭嬉戲的速度更快了)”以及倒數(shù)其次段中“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.(讓科學(xué)家驚異的是，犯錯(cuò)不僅能訓(xùn)練大腦在某項(xiàng)任務(wù)上做得更好，還能幫助大腦從錯(cuò)誤中更快地學(xué)習(xí)，即使是在學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)完全不同的任務(wù)時(shí)犯的錯(cuò)誤)”可知，結(jié)果中最讓Reza驚異的是錯(cuò)誤使人們學(xué)習(xí)得更快。故選A。10．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(讓科學(xué)家驚異的是，犯錯(cuò)不僅能訓(xùn)練大腦在某項(xiàng)任務(wù)上做得更好，還能幫助大腦從錯(cuò)誤中更快地學(xué)習(xí)，即使是在學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)完全不同的任務(wù)時(shí)犯的錯(cuò)誤。大腦保存錯(cuò)誤的一般記錄，每當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能時(shí)，大腦就會(huì)利用這些錯(cuò)誤，以確保不再犯錯(cuò)誤。這有助于更快地學(xué)習(xí)，也可能說(shuō)明白為什么精通一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)或樂(lè)器的人能夠更簡(jiǎn)潔地學(xué)會(huì)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)或樂(lè)器)”故從探討中我們知道，錯(cuò)誤能訓(xùn)練大腦更好地完成任務(wù)。故選C。11．主旨大意題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(大腦保存錯(cuò)誤的一般記錄，每當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)技能時(shí)，大腦就會(huì)利用這些錯(cuò)誤，以確保不再犯錯(cuò)誤。這有助于更快地學(xué)習(xí)，也可能說(shuō)明白為什么精通一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)或樂(lè)器的人能夠更簡(jiǎn)潔地學(xué)會(huì)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)或樂(lè)器)”結(jié)合文章介紹了科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)探討表明，錯(cuò)誤能夠使人學(xué)習(xí)得更快，文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)探討開展的過(guò)程，以及科學(xué)家發(fā)覺犯錯(cuò)可以幫助大腦從錯(cuò)誤中更快地學(xué)習(xí)，也就是說(shuō)犯錯(cuò)誤其實(shí)是一件好事?？芍?，這篇文章的中心思想是錯(cuò)誤使人們能學(xué)得更快，有助于取得勝利。故選A。12．D13．C14．B15．B【分析】這是一篇及夾敘夾議文章。文章以ZengJiapeng在手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬(wàn)多元，要靠父母幫他還債為例，引出了當(dāng)今年輕人沉迷于信貸的現(xiàn)象，并分析了其緣由和嚴(yán)峻性。12．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”(他試圖用分期付款的方式償還債務(wù)，甚至從阿里巴巴旗下的另一家信用服務(wù)公司借唄借款，但最終他的父母不得不幫助他)可推知ZengJiapeng要依靠他父母來(lái)資助他還債。故選D項(xiàng)13．詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段可知，ZengJiapeng在手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬(wàn)多元,最終還要靠父母幫他還債。再依據(jù)第三段“AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.””（至于Zeng，他正在努力變得更加frugal一些，盡管他現(xiàn)在正試圖靠自己掙一點(diǎn)錢?！拔矣幸鈱⑿庞妙~度設(shè)置在較低的水平，”他表示，“這樣希望我能更好地將收入與支出相匹配?！保┛芍?，他目前因?yàn)橛星房?，盡管他現(xiàn)在正努力自己掙點(diǎn)錢，他還還正努力少花錢。frugal應(yīng)當(dāng)是“花錢少的，節(jié)儉的”，與Avoidingwaste同義。故選C項(xiàng)。14．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺(tái)),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.”（這些誕生于上世紀(jì)90年頭中期至本世紀(jì)初的年輕消費(fèi)者收入很少，因此事實(shí)上沒有信用記錄。然而，它們很簡(jiǎn)潔從各種銀行、金融技術(shù)公司、P2P貸款機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信貸。年輕人的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣尤其令人擔(dān)憂。在某些狀況下，年輕一代正受到通過(guò)技術(shù)擔(dān)保信貸過(guò)度消費(fèi)的誘惑。）可知，中國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)消費(fèi)金融是不合理的。故選B項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。文章開頭列舉了ZengJiapeng在手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬(wàn)多元,要靠父母幫他還債的例子。其次段“Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺(tái)),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.”（Zeng的故事是中國(guó)Z這一代的典型代表。這些誕生于上世紀(jì)90年頭中期至本世紀(jì)初的年輕消費(fèi)者收入很少，因此事實(shí)上沒有信用記錄。然而，它們很簡(jiǎn)潔從各種銀行、金融技術(shù)公司、P2P貸款機(jī)構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信貸。）引出了當(dāng)今年輕人沉迷于信的現(xiàn)象。同時(shí)指出“Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.”（年輕人的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣尤其令人擔(dān)憂。），并用數(shù)字說(shuō)明白其嚴(yán)峻性。最終兩段說(shuō)明白ZengJiapeng的變更和應(yīng)對(duì)此現(xiàn)象的措施。B項(xiàng)“中國(guó)的Z一代沉迷于信貸”概括了本文內(nèi)容，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。16．E17．A18．G19．F20．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就深夜吃東西會(huì)不會(huì)發(fā)胖進(jìn)行探究。最終結(jié)果表明，假如你攝入的卡路里比你燃燒的多，你就會(huì)發(fā)胖。這和你吃飯的時(shí)間沒有多大關(guān)系。16．依據(jù)上文Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”（你有沒有聽過(guò)別人告知你，“假如你睡前吃東西，你會(huì)發(fā)胖”）以及下文中Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?（但是深夜進(jìn)食，特殊是晚上8點(diǎn)以后，真的會(huì)讓你發(fā)胖嗎？）故E項(xiàng)（Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue）沒有人質(zhì)疑過(guò)，人們很快就會(huì)認(rèn)為這是真的。E項(xiàng)中的it指代上文的睡前吃會(huì)發(fā)胖。故E項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合題意。故選E。17．依據(jù)上文Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.（心臟還在跳動(dòng)，肺還在工作，大腦還很活躍）以及下文Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.（所以當(dāng)我們睡著的時(shí)候，我們?nèi)耘f在燃燒卡路里。）故A項(xiàng)（Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.）全部這些行動(dòng)都須要能量。A項(xiàng)中的these指代上文中的“Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive”，故A項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合題意。故選A。18．依據(jù)其次段中第一種理論是Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.當(dāng)你睡著的時(shí)候，你的新陳代謝會(huì)減慢。此處講的是其次種理論，即Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.碳水化合物是你身體的主要能量來(lái)源之一。當(dāng)它們閑置時(shí)，它們主要以脂肪的形式儲(chǔ)存。然而，一天中碳水化合物被消耗的時(shí)間并不能確定有多少碳水化合物被儲(chǔ)存為脂肪。故G項(xiàng)（There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed）關(guān)于睡前吃碳水化合物還有另一種理論。符合題意。故選G。19．依據(jù)上文中Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.事實(shí)上，體重增加是基于攝入的卡路里總量和的卡路里總量。故F項(xiàng)（Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight）簡(jiǎn)潔地說(shuō)，假如你攝入的卡路里比你燃燒的多，你就會(huì)發(fā)胖。是對(duì)上文的簡(jiǎn)潔說(shuō)明。故F項(xiàng)符合題意。故選F。20．依據(jù)上文中Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.人們?cè)谝归g吃的零食通常含糖量和卡路里都很高，比如冰淇淋、糖果、薯片和軟飲料。這些零食的消費(fèi)時(shí)間并不重要。故B項(xiàng)（Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.）也就是說(shuō)，假如你睡前吃東西，你不會(huì)發(fā)胖。B項(xiàng)是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，符合題意。故選B。21．C22．A23．A24．D25．B26．D27．A28．B29．D30．C31．A32．B33．B34．C35．A36．D37．B38．C39．D40．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了兩姐妹在很難找到方法去參與她們的姑姑的100歲生日聚會(huì)時(shí)，她們很幸運(yùn)地得到了一個(gè)優(yōu)步的生疏人司機(jī)的幫助，剛好出席了生日聚會(huì)。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)兩個(gè)姐妹發(fā)覺自己很難找到方法去參與她們的姑姑的100歲生日聚會(huì)時(shí)，幸運(yùn)的是，她們得到了一個(gè)生疏人以一種特別意想不到的方式的幫助。A.affected影響；B.interviewed面試，采訪；C.helped幫助；D.followed跟隨。依據(jù)byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.可知她們得到了一個(gè)生疏人以一種特別意想不到的方式的幫助。故選C。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers兩姐妹支配從明尼阿波利斯飛往蘇福爾斯參與派對(duì)，但由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。A.planned支配；B.continued接著；C.happened發(fā)生；D.refused拒絕。依據(jù)flyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty可知此處表示原支配。故選A。23．考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers兩姐妹支配從明尼阿波利斯飛往蘇福爾斯參與派對(duì)，但由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。A.dueto由于；B.asfor關(guān)于，至于；C.accordingto依據(jù)，取決于；D.apartfrom除…之外。依據(jù)badweather可知此處表示由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。故選A。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們很快發(fā)覺，全部飛往南達(dá)科他州的其他航班都已被預(yù)訂，而且沒有出租車可用，這意味著她們無(wú)法自己完成200英里的行程。A.recorded記錄；B.offered供應(yīng)；C.organized組織；D.booked預(yù)訂。依據(jù)下文theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves可知此處表示其他航班已被預(yù)訂。故選D。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們很快發(fā)覺，全部飛往南達(dá)科他州的其他航班都已被預(yù)訂，而且沒有出租車可用，這意味著她們無(wú)法自己完成200英里的行程。A.showing展示；B.meaning意味；C.predicting預(yù)料；D.reporting報(bào)告。依據(jù)theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.可知表示意味著她們無(wú)法自己完成200英里的行程。故選B。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kerry覺得她們沒有其他選擇，于是打了優(yōu)步(Uber)，做了最終的努力去參與聚會(huì)，一個(gè)名叫JesusFlorentino的人接了她們的車。A.information信息；B.