上海市英語(yǔ)中考2024年仿真試題及解答

2024年上海市英語(yǔ)中考仿真試題及解答一、聽(tīng)力部分（本大題有20小題，每小題1分，共20分）Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whatisthemangoingtodothisweekend?A.Gotothelibrary.B.Watchamovie.C.Visithisgrandparents.Answer:C.Explanation:Intherecording,themansays,“I’mplanningtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.Theyliveinthecountryside,andit’salwayspeacefulthere.”Thisclearlyindicatesthattheman’splanfortheweekendistovisithisgrandparents,makingoptionCthecorrectanswer.Listentotheconversationandfillinthemissingword.Conversation:Student:“Excuseme,couldyoutellmewherethesciencelabis?”Teacher:“Sure,it’sonthe_______floor,nexttotheartroom.”Answer:Third/3rdExplanation:Theteacherrespondsbysaying,“it’sonthethirdfloor,nexttotheartroom.”Thisindicatesthatthesciencelabislocatedonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,making“third”or“3rd”themissingwordthatcompletesthesentence.3、Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswerforthefollowingquestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?A.8:00amB.9:30amC.10:15amAnswer:BExplanation:TherecordingclearlystatesthatthetrainleavesforLondonat9:30am.Youshouldlistencarefullytothedetailsgivenintherecordingtochoosethecorrectanswer.4、Listentotheconversationandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandoforhisheadache?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Drinkmorewater.C.Restforawhile.Answer:AExplanation:Intheconversation,thewomanasksthemanifhe’sfeelingbetterafterhisheadache.Themansaysit’sstillabitpainful.Thewomanthensuggeststhathetakesomemedicineforit.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA.5、Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswer.Youwillhearashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudent.Teacher:Goodmorning,John.Howwasyourhomeworkassignment?Student:Itwasokay,butIhadsometroublewiththemathproblems.Question:Whatsubjectdidthestudenthavetroublewith?A)EnglishB)MathC)ScienceAnswer:B)MathExplanation:Thestudentspecificallymentionedthathehadtroublewiththemathproblems,sothecorrectanswerisB)Math.6、Listentotherecordingandcompletethesentence.Youwillhearashortnewsreportaboutaweatherupdate.NewsAnchor:Wearecurrentlyexperiencingaheatwaveinthecity,withtemperaturesexpectedtoreach35degreesCelsiustoday.Residentsareadvisedtostayhydratedandavoidprolongedexposuretodirectsunlight.Completethesentence:Residentsareadvisedtostayhydratedandavoid_______duetotheheatwave.Answer:prolongedexposuretodirectsunlightExplanation:Thenewsreportmentionsthatresidentsareadvisedtostayhydratedandavoidprolongedexposuretodirectsunlightduetotheheatwave.Therefore,themissingphraseinthesentenceis“prolongedexposuretodirectsunlight.”7、Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whattimedoesthemoviestart?A.7:30p.m.B.8:00p.m.C.8:30p.m.Answer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,thespeakersays,“Themoviestartsat8:00p.m.,soweneedtoleaveby7:30togetthereontime.”Thisclearlyindicatesthatthemoviestartsat8:00p.m.,sotheanswerisB.8、Listentothepassageandcompletethemissinginformationinthetable.ActivityTimePlaceMorningJog6:00a.m.[missing]Breakfast7:00a.m.KitchenMeeting9:00a.m.OfficeLunchBreak12:30p.m.CafeteriaMissingInformation:ParkExplanation:Thepassagestates,“Istartmydaywithamorningjogat6:00a.m.inthepark.”Thisdirectlycorrespondstothemissinginformationinthetable,indicatingthattheplaceforthemorningjogisthepark.9、Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetraintoLondonleave?A.9:00amB.10:30amC.1:00pmAnswer:BExplanation:TherecordingstatesthatthetraintoLondondepartsat10:30am.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.10、Listentotheconversationbetweentwofriendsandanswerthequestion.Question:WhatdoesthewomansuggestdoingonSaturday?A.GoingtothecinemaB.HavingapicnicintheparkC.VisitingamuseumAnswer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,thewomansays,“Whydon’twehaveapicnicintheparkonSaturday?Theweathershouldbenice.”Thisindicatesthatsheissuggestinghavingapicnicinthepark,sothecorrectanswerisB.11、Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestion.Question:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Inarestaurant.Atalibrary.Onabus.Answer:C)Onabus.Explanation:Thedialoguementionsthatthespeakerneedstogetoffatthenextstop,indicatingtheyareonavehiclethatstopsatdifferentlocations.Theoptionssuggestdifferentlocations,butonlyonabuswouldonetypicallyneedtoannouncetheirintentiontogetoffatthenextstop.12、Listentotherecordingandcompletethemissinginformationinthesentence.Sentence:Thespeakerplanstowatchthemovie“___________”onFridayevening.Answer:InceptionExplanation:Therecordingmentionsthatthespeakerisexcitedaboutthenewmovie“Inception”andplanstowatchitonFridayevening.Therefore,themissinginformationinthesentenceis“Inception”.13、Listentotherecordingandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?8:30am9:15am10:00amAnswer:B)9:15amExplanation:Intherecording,thespeakerclearlystatesthatthetraintoLondondepartsat9:15am.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.14、Listentotheconversationandfillinthemissingword.Conversation:Student:Hi,canIborrowyourpen,please?Teacher:Sure,butremembertoreturnitafterclass.Student:Thanks,Iwill.Bytheway,whenisthescienceprojectdue?Teacher:It’sdueonFriday,the20th.Missingword:ThescienceprojectisdueonFriday,the_____th.Answer:20thExplanation:TheconversationmentionsthatthescienceprojectisdueonFriday,the20th.Therefore,themissingwordis“20th”.15、Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?Borrowabook.Returnabook.Findabook.Answer:B)Returnabook.Explanation:Inthedialogue,themansays,“Excuseme,I’dliketoreturnthisbook,please.”Thisclearlyindicatesthathewantstoreturnabook,sotheanswerisB.16、Listentotheshortpassageandfillinthemissingword.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthe______.Answer:westExplanation:Thepassagementionsthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsintheoppositedirection,whichisthewest.Therefore,themissingwordis“west”.17、Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Wheredidthewomanbuytheshoes?A.Inashoppingmall.B.Online.C.Fromafriend.Answer:B.Online.Explanation:Inthedialogue,thewomansays,“Iboughttheseshoesonlinelastweek,andtheyjustarrivedtoday.”Thisdirectlyindicatesthatshepurchasedtheshoesthroughanonlineplatform,hencetheanswerisB.18、Listentotheshortpassageandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatisthespeaker’smainadviceforimprovingreadingskills?A.Readingfaster.B.Readingavarietyofmaterials.C.Readingonlybooksyouenjoy.Answer:B.Readingavarietyofmaterials.Explanation:Duringthepassage,thespeakeremphasizestheimportanceofexposingoneselftoawiderangeofreadingmaterialstoenhancereadingskills.Specifically,theymentionthatreadingdifferenttypesoftexts,suchasnovels,newsarticles,andtextbooks,canbroadenone’svocabularyandcomprehensionabilities.ThisalignswithoptionB,whichsuggestsreadingavarietyofmaterials.19、Listentotherecordingandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon?A.9:15a.m.B.10:15a.m.C.11:15a.m.Answer:BExplanation:Therecordingstates,“ThenexttraintoLondondepartsat10:15a.m.fromplatform3.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB,10:15a.m.20、Listentotheconversationandfillinthemissingword.Speaker1:Canyoubelieveit’salreadytheendoftheterm?Speaker2:Iknow,itfeelslikejustyesterdaywewerestartingclasses.Speaker1:Yeah,andnowwehavetostudyforour________exams.Answer:finalExplanation:Thecontextoftheconversationsuggeststhatthespeakersarediscussingtheendofthetermandtheupcomingexams.Themissingwordisusedtodescribetheexamsthatoccurattheendofaterm,whicharetypicallyreferredtoas“finalexams.”Therefore,themissingwordis“final.”二、閱讀理解（30分）Title:TheBenefitsofReadingReadingisanactivitythathasbeenenjoyedbypeopleofallagesforcenturies.Itisnotjustapastimebutapowerfultoolthatcanenrichourlivesinnumerousways.Fromtheearliestdaysofhumancivilization,bookshavebeenusedtotransmitknowledge,sharestories,andinspirethoughts.Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,wheretechnologydominatesmuchofourdailylives,theimportanceofreadingcannotbeoverstated.Firstly,readinghelpstoexpandourvocabulary.Byencounteringnewwordsindifferentcontexts,welearntheirmeaningsandhowtousethemappropriately.Thisnotonlyenhancesourcommunicationskillsbutalsoimprovesourwritingabilities.Aswereadmore,webecomemorearticulateandourthoughtsareexpressedmoreclearlyandconcisely.Secondly,readingfostersempathyandunderstanding.Bysteppingintotheshoesofcharactersinbooks,wegaininsightsintotheirthoughts,feelings,andexperiences.Thisemotionalconnectionhelpsustodevelopadeeperunderstandingofhumannatureandthecomplexitiesofhumanrelationships.Welearntoappreciatediversityandtoleratedifferingviewpoints,makingusmoreempatheticandcompassionateindividuals.Moreover,readingstimulatesthemindandenhancescognitiveabilities.Itexercisesthebraininwaysthatotheractivitiescannotreplicate.Regularreadinghasbeenlinkedtoimprovedmemory,concentration,andproblem-solvingskills.Italsokeepsthemindsharpandactive,reducingtheriskofage-relatedcognitivedecline.Finally,readingisagreatsourceofentertainmentandrelaxation.Itoffersanescapefromthestressesandpressuresofdailylife,transportingustodifferentworldsanderas.Whetherwepreferthrillers,romancenovels,historicalfiction,orsciencefiction,thereissomethingforeveryoneinthevastrealmofliterature.Inconclusion,thebenefitsofreadingarenumerousandfar-reaching.Itisaninvaluablehabitthatshouldbeencouragedandnurturedthroughoutourlives.Questions:Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?Tocriticizetheoveruseoftechnology.Topromotetheimportanceofreading.Todiscussthehistoryofbooks.Toanalyzedifferentgenresofliterature.Answer:BAccordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthekeybenefitsofreading?Ithelpstodevelopphysicalstrength.Itimprovesoursocialmediaskills.Itenhancesourcognitiveabilities.Itincreasesourincomepotential.Answer:CHowdoesreadingfosterempathyandunderstanding?Byteachingusnewlanguages.Byexposingustodifferentperspectivesandexperiences.Byimprovingourmemoryandconcentration.Byprovidingasourceofentertainmentandrelaxation.Answer:B三、完型填空（15分）ClozeTest(Completethepassagewiththecorrectformofthegivenwords)Onceuponatime,therewasayoungmannamedTomwhohadagreatpassionfor(1)_____(travel).Hedreamedofvisitingeverycorneroftheworldandexperiencingdifferentcultures.Despitetheobstacleshefaced,Tomwasdeterminedtoturnhisdreamintoreality.Oneday,while(2)_____(browse)throughatravelmagazine,hestumbleduponanadvertisementaboutanexoticdestinationhehadneverheardofbefore.ItwasaplacecalledSerendipityIsland,aparadiseonearth,hiddenawayfromthehustleandbustleofmodernlife.ThedescriptionoftheislandfilledTomwithexcitementandcuriosity,andheknewimmediatelythatthiswaswherehewantedtogonext.However,thecostofthetripwasquite(3)_____(high),andTomhadtosaveupforseveralmonthsbeforehecouldaffordit.Duringthistime,heworkedtirelessly,takingonextrashiftsandcuttingbackonunnecessaryexpenses.Finally,thedayarrivedwhenhehadenoughmoneytobookhisticket.Withhisbackpackpackedandhisheartfullofanticipation,Tomboardedtheplaneandsetoffonhisjourney.Astheplanesoaredthroughthesky,hecouldn’thelpbutfeelamixofexcitementand(4)_____(nervous).HewonderedwhatadventuresawaitedhimonSerendipityIslandandwhetherhewouldbeabletohandlewhatevercamehisway.Uponarrival,Tomwasmetwithbreathtakingsceneryandwarmsmilesfromthelocals.Hespentthenextfewweeksexploringtheisland,tryingnewfoods,andmeetinginterestingpeople.Theexperiencewasbeyondanythinghecouldhaveimagined,andhereturnedhomewithaheartfullofmemoriesandarenewedsenseofpurpose.Answers:travellingbrowsinghighnervousnessNote:Thecontextandgrammarhavebeenadjustedforfluencyandcoherencewhilekeepingtheintendedlevelofdifficultyinmind.四、語(yǔ)法填空題（本大題有10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1、Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto________(解決)theproblemofairpollution.Answer:solveExplanation:Theverb“tosolve”isusedtoindicatefindingasolutiontoaproblemordifficulty.Inthiscontext,thegovernmentistakingmeasurestofindasolutiontotheproblemofairpollution.Theword“measures”suggestsactionsbeingtaken,and“solve”istheappropriateverbtocompletethephrase“takenmeasurestosolve.”2、Bythetimehearrives,I________(finish)mywork.Answer:willhavefinishedExplanation:Thissentenceusesthefutureperfecttense,whichisformedby“willhave”+pastparticiple.Itisusedtoexpressanactionthatwillbecompletedbyacertaintimeinthefuture.Here,thetimereferenceis“bythetimehearrives,”whichisafutureevent.Therefore,theappropriatetensetouseisthefutureperfect,indicatingthattheactionoffinishingworkwillhavealreadybeencompletedbythetimehearrives.Theverb“finish”isusedinitspastparticipleform“finished”tocompletethetense.3、Thechildren,______(have)hadtheirbreakfast,wereallowedtoplayinthegarden.Answer:havinghadExplanation:Thissentencerequirestheuseofapresentparticiplephrasetodescribethechildren’sprioractionofhavingbreakfast.Thepresentparticipleform“having”isusedwiththepastparticiple“had”toformtheperfectparticiple“havinghad,”whichindicatesthattheactionofhavingbreakfastoccurredbeforethemainactionofbeingallowedtoplay.4、Sheissuchakindgirlthatsheoften______(help)herclassmateswiththeirEnglish.Answer:helpsExplanation:Thesentencestructureindicatesthatthesubject“she”isdescribedas“suchakindgirl”andthatherkindnessisexemplifiedbyherfrequentactionofhelpingclassmateswiththeirEnglish.Theverb“helps”isusedinthesimplepresenttensetodescribeahabitualorregularaction,fittingthecontextofthesentence.5、Tomsuggestedthatwe_______themeetinguntilnextMonday.A.shouldholdB.heldC.holdD.wouldholdAnswer:CExplanation:InEnglish,when“suggest”isusedinasentencefollowedbyasubordinateclausewith“that,”theverbinthesubordinateclauseshouldbeinthesubjunctivemood.However,inmodernEnglish,thesubjunctivemoodisoftenomitted,andthebaseformoftheverbisusedinstead.Thisiscalledthe“mandativesubjunctive,”whichisusedtoexpressacommand,request,suggestion,etc.Here,“TomsuggestedthatweholdthemeetinguntilnextMonday”isthecorrectform,with“hold”beingthebaseformoftheverb.Thus,optionCiscorrect.6、Healwayshelpsmewithmymath,_______Iamgratefultohim.A.forwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.inwhichAnswer:AExplanation:Thissentenceisanon-restrictiveclause,whichmeansthattheclauseprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthemainclausebutisnotessentialtoitsmeaning.Non-restrictiveclausesareoftensetoffbycommasandareintroducedbyrelativepronounssuchas“which.”Inthissentence,“forwhich”isusedtoexpressthereasonforthegratitude,creatingameaningsimilarto“Iamgratefultohimforhelpingmewithmymath.”Therefore,optionAiscorrect.Theotheroptionsdonotfitthegrammaticalstructureorthemeaningofthesentencecorrectly.7、Theprojectrequiresthatallthecomputers_______connectedtothenetworkregularly.A.wereB.beC.areD.hadbeenAnswer:BExplanation:本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。題干的意思是：“這個(gè)項(xiàng)目要求所有的電腦定期_____連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上?！备鶕?jù)題干“requires”可知，主句使用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且“require”后的賓語(yǔ)從句需使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“要求或命令”，此時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中“should”可以省略。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，只有選項(xiàng)B“be”是動(dòng)詞原形，表示“被連接”，代入題干表示“這個(gè)項(xiàng)目要求所有的電腦定期被連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上”，符合語(yǔ)境，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A“were”是be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，選項(xiàng)C“are”是be動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D“hadbeen”是be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)，均不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，均可排除。8、Ifthejob________,he’llhavetostaythereforanothertwomonths.A.isn’tfinishedB.isn’tbeingfinishedC.hasn’tbeenfinishedD.hadn’tbeenfinishedAnswer:AExplanation:本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確使用。題干的意思是：“如果這個(gè)工作_____，他將不得不在那里再待兩個(gè)月?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，“Ifthejob_______”為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)原則，主句“he’llhavetostaythereforanothertwomonths”的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，那么從句應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，選項(xiàng)A“isn’tfinished”是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，代入題干表示“如果這個(gè)工作沒(méi)有完成”，符合語(yǔ)境，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B，“isn’tbeingfinished”是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“現(xiàn)在正在被完成”，代入題干則表示“如果這個(gè)工作現(xiàn)在正在被完成”，這與“他將不得不在那里再待兩個(gè)月”這一將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)相矛盾，故排除。選項(xiàng)C，“hasn’tbeenfinished”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“到現(xiàn)在為止還沒(méi)有被完成”，此選項(xiàng)描述的是過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而題干主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，因此C選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)與主句時(shí)態(tài)不匹配，故不選。選項(xiàng)D，“hadn’tbeenfinished”是過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前，工作尚未被完成”，而題干并未涉及過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以D選項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不正確，可排除。9、Thebookiswellworth______(read)andyouwillbenefitalotfromit.Answer:readingExplanation:Thephrase“beworth”isfollowedbyagerund(the-ingformofaverb)whendescribingsomethingthatisvaluableordesirabletodo.Inthiscase,“reading”isthegerundformof“read”,andthesentencemeansthatthebookisworthreadingandyouwillgainalotfromit.10、Itisnecessaryforus______(take)actiontoprotecttheenvironment.Answer:totakeExplanation:Thephrase“Itis+adjective+forsb.todosth.”isacommonstructureinEnglish.Here,“It”isadummysubject,“isnecessary”isthepredicate,and“forustotakeaction”isthetruesubject.Theinfinitiveform“totake”isusedafter“forus”toexpresstheactionthatisnecessaryforustoperform.五、簡(jiǎn)答題（本大題有5小題，每小題2分，共10分）Question:Explainthefunctionandimportanceofsubject-verbagreementinEnglishgrammar.Answer:Subject-verbagreementreferstotheruleinEnglishgrammarthatrequiresthesubjectofasentencetobeinagreementwithitsverbintermsofnumber.Thismeansthatifthesubjectissingular,theverbshouldalsobesingular,andifthesubjectisplural,theverbshouldbeplural.Forexample,“Thecateatsfish”(singularsubject,singularverb)and“Thecatseatfish”(pluralsubject,pluralverb).Subject-verbagreementisessentialforclearandaccuratecommunication,asithelpsreadersorlistenersunderstandthenumberofentitiesbeingreferredto.Failuretofollowthisrulecanleadtoconfusionandgrammaticalerrors.Explanation:Subject-verbagreementensuresthatthesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectandconveystheintendedmeaning.ItisafundamentalaspectofEnglishgrammarthatisessentialforeffectivewritingandspeaking.Byaligningthesubjectandverbinnumber,thewriterorspeakerensuresthatthesentenceiseasilyunderstandableandfollowstherulesofthelanguage.Question:DescribethedifferenttypesofclausesinEnglishgrammarandgiveanexampleofeach.Answer:TherearethreemaintypesofclausesinEnglishgrammar:independentclauses,dependentclauses,andsubordinateclauses(whichareoftensynonymouswithdependentclauses).IndependentClause:Agroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandaverbandcanstandaloneasacompletesentence.Forexample,“Iwenttothestore.”DependentClause(SubordinateClause):Agroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandaverbbutcannotstandaloneasacompletesentencebecauseitdependsonanindependentclauseformeaning.Itbeginswithasubordinatingconjunction(e.g.,after,although,because)orarelativepronoun(e.g.,who,which,that).Forexample,“AfterIfinishedmyhomework,”(dependentclause)whichwouldbeincompletewithoutanindependentclauselike“IwatchedTV.”AdverbialClause(asubtypeofDependentClause):Adependentclausethatfunctionsasanadverb,modifyingtheverbinthemainclause.Itoftenbeginswithsubordinatingconjunctionslike“when,”“before,”“after,”“since,”“until,”etc.Forexample,“Whentherainstopped,wewentforawalk.”Explanation:ClausesareimportantbuildingblocksofsentencesinEnglishgrammar.Understandingthedifferenttypesofclausesandhowtheyworktogetherhelpsinconstructingwell-formedandmeaningfulsentences.Independentclausescanstandalone,whiledependentclausesrequireanindependentclausetoprovidecontextandcompletemeaning.Adverbialclausesareaspecifictypeofdependentclausethatmodifytheverbinthemainclause,addinginformationabouttime,place,condition,manner,orreason.3、Question:Explainthedifferencebetween“the”and“a/an”inEnglishgrammar,providingexamplestoillustrateyourunderstanding.Answer:Thedefinitearticle“the”isusedtorefertoaspecificperson,place,thing,orideathathasalreadybeenmentionedorisunique.Itindicatesthatthelistenerorreaderalreadyknowswhichoneisbeingtalkedabout.Forinstance,“Thesunrisesintheeast.”Here,“thesun”referstotheuniquecelestialbodythatrisesintheeast.Ontheotherhand,theindefinitearticles“a”and“an”areusedtointroducenew,non-specificnounsintoaconversationortext.Theyareusedwhenreferringtoageneralclassofthingsorwhentheexactidentityofthenounisnotimportant.Thechoicebetween“a”and“an”dependsonthesoundofthefirstletterofthenounfollowingit;“a”isusedbeforewordsthatbeginwithaconsonantsound,while“an”isusedbeforewordsthatbeginwithavowelsound.Examplesinclude:“Isawadoginthepark.”(Non-specificdog)and“Sheisanartist.”(Generalclassofpeoplewhocreateart).Explanation:ThisquestionteststheunderstandingofthedistinctionbetweendefiniteandindefinitearticlesinEnglishgrammar.Theanswerexplainsthepurposeofeacharticleandprovidesexamplestoillustratetheirproperusage.4、Question:DescribethefunctionofthepresentperfecttenseinEnglish,andgivetwosentencesthatutilizethistenseeffectively.Answer:ThepresentperfecttenseinEnglishisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatbeganinthepastandhaveaconnectiontothepresentmoment.Itemphasizestherelevanceofthepasteventtothepresenttime.Itcanexpresscompletedactionsintherecentpast,experiencesupuntilnow,oractionsthathavealastingimpactonthepresent.Twoeffectivesentencesusingthepresentperfecttenseare:“IhaveneverbeentoJapan,butI’vealwayswantedtovisit.”Thissentenceexpressesadesireforanexperiencethathasnotyetoccurredbutisstillrelevanttothespeaker’spresentfeelings.“Shehasfinishedherhomework,soshecangooutandplaynow.”Here,thepresentperfecttenseindicatesthatthecompletionofhomeworkisaprerequisiteforthespeaker’scurrentabilitytogoplay,highlightingtheconnectionbetweenthepastactionandthepresentsituation.Explanation:TheanswerexplainstheroleofthepresentperfecttenseinEnglishgrammar,emphasizingitsconnectiontothepresentmoment.Theprovidedsentencesdemonstratehowthistensecanbeusedtoexpressvariousaspectsofthepastthatarestillrelevanttothepresent.Question:Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustense,givingexamplesforeach.Answer:Thepresentsimpletenseisusedtodescribehabits,routines,generalfacts,andtimelesstruths.Itdoesnotemphasizetheactionhappeningatthisexactmomentbutrathertheregularityortruthoftheaction.Forexample:“Ieatanappleeveryday.”(Habit)“Thesunrisesintheeast.”(Generalfact)Ontheotherhand,thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningrightnoworactionsthatareplannedforthenearfuture.Itemphasizestheongoingnatureoftheaction.Forexample:“Iameatinganapplenow.”(Actionhappeningatthismoment)“Iamstudyingformyexamtomorrow.”(Plannedactionforthenearfuture)Explanation:Thekeydifferenceliesinthefocusofthetwotenses.Thepresentsimpletensefocusesonhabits,routines,generalfacts,andtimelesstruths,whilethepresentcontinuoustensefocusesonactionsthatarecurrentlyinprogressorplannedfortheimmediatefuture.Thepresentsimpletenseusesthebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,“eat”),whilethepresentcontinuoustenseusestheverb“tobe”(am,is,are)followedbythepresentparticipleformoftheverb(e.g.,“eating”).六、書(shū)面表達(dá)題（15分）Title:ImagineyouareLiHua,astudentfromaChinesehighschool.Youhaverecentlyparticipatedinanonlineinternationalculturalexchangeprogram,whereyoumadefriendswithastudentnamedAlexfromtheUnitedKingdom.WritealettertoAlex,thankinghimforhisfriendshipandsharingyourexperiencesandreflectionsfromtheprogram.Inyourletter,please:Brieflydescribeyourmostmemorableexperienceduringtheprogram.Expresshowyouhavebenefitedfromthisculturalexchange.Suggestawaytokeepintouchandmaintainyourfriendship.SampleAnswer:DearAlex,Ihopethisletterfindsyouwell.Iamwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudeforthefriendshipweforgedduringthe