湖南省2023-2024學(xué)年普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省2023-2024學(xué)年普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試題第一部分閱讀技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共12小題;每小題3分，滿分36分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWildPlacesforOutdoorAdventureinCanadaGoingforatrip?Whateverdestinationyouplanon,wehavetheinformationyouneedhere.Bestforgeologicalwonders:GrosMorneNewfoundlandandLabradorisoneofCanada’sprovinces.OnitswestcoastisUNESCO-listedGrosMorneNationalPark,whichiswell-knownforanancienttreasure—theTablelands,oneofonlyafewplacesintheworldyoucanwalkontheearth’smantle(地幔).Bestforsoftadventure:ThousandIslandsOneofCanada’ssmallestnationalparks,Ontario’sThousandIslandsislocatedinaregion(區(qū)域)ofthesamename,andmadeupofmanysmallislandsintheSt.LawrenceRiver.Formedfromtheworn-downpeaksofancientmountains,muchofitisopenforcamping.Bestforanationalparktrip:BanffCanada’sfirstnationalpark,Banffsitsinthepalmofthesnow-dustedRockyMountainsandhasdrawntravellerstoitsnaturalhotspringssinceitfirstopenedin1885.TheactionherecentresaroundtheskiingtownofBanff,butthemountainsarehometowildlifesuchasmooseandgrizzlybears.Bestforwildlife:JasperBanff’snorthern,lesser-visitedneighbor,Jasper,isdoubleitssizeandthelargestnationalparkintheCanadianRockies.Ahiker’sregionofwildpeaks,it’shardnottocomeacrosswildlifehere.Timeyourvisitforspringorautumnwhenwildlife-watchingismostsuitable.1.GrosMomeisbestfor________.A.geologicalwonders B.softadventureC.anationalparktrip D.wildlife2.Ifyoulovecamping,wherewouldyouliketogo?A.GrosMome. B.ThousandIslands.C.Banff. D.Jasper.3.Whatisthebesttimeforwildlife-watchinginJasper?A.Springorsummer. B.Springorautumn.C.Summerorwinter. D.Autumnorwinter.4.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Abiologymagazine.C.Amedicalreport. D.Ahistorybook.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.B4.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了加拿大四個(gè)最適合戶外探險(xiǎn)的野生地方。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bestforgeologicalwonders:GrosMorne部分中“Bestforgeologicalwonders:GrosMorne(最適合觀賞地質(zhì)奇觀的地方:GrosMorne)”可知，GrosMorne最適合地質(zhì)奇觀探索。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bestforsoftadventure:ThousandIslands部分中“Formedfromtheworn-downpeaksofancientmountains,muchofitisopenforcamping.(它是由古老山脈的破舊山峰形成的，大部分都是開放的露營地。)”可知，ThousandIslands大部分地方都適合露營。因此，如果你喜歡露營，你會(huì)想去ThousandIslands。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bestforwildlife:Jasper部分中“Timeyourvisitforspringorautumnwhenwildlife-watchingismostsuitable.(把你的參觀時(shí)間安排在春季或秋季，這是最適合觀賞野生動(dòng)物的時(shí)候。)”可知，在春季或秋季是觀賞野生動(dòng)物的最佳時(shí)間。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Goingforatrip?Whateverdestinationyouplanon,wehavetheinformationyouneedhere.(去旅行？無論你計(jì)劃去哪里，我們這里都有你需要的信息。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了加拿大四個(gè)適合戶外探險(xiǎn)的野生地方，包括地質(zhì)奇觀、軟探險(xiǎn)、國家公園之旅和野生動(dòng)物觀賞。由此推斷這些內(nèi)容更可能出現(xiàn)在旅游手冊中。故選A。B14-year-oldLeanneFanfromSanDiego,California,wasnamedthegrandprizewinnerofthe20223MYoungScientistChallenge,thenation’stopmiddleschoolsciencecompetition.LeanneFandevelopedtheFinsenHeadphones,alow-costheadphonedevicethatusesmachinelearningandbluelighttherapy(療法)todetectandtreatmid-earinfections(感染)inchildren—potentiallypreventingupto60%ofhearinglossinchildren.Theworldsees700millioncasesofmid-earinfectionseveryyear.Fanhopesthatthiscanbeaneffectiveandlow-costtreatmentoptionforthethousandswhoareaffected.FanwasinspiredtocreatetheheadphonesthreeyearsagowhilelearningaboutNielsFinsen,whowontheNobelPrizein1903afterinventinglighttherapytotreatbacterial(細(xì)菌的)infections.“Ithought,‘Thisisanamazingidea,andIcanapplyittosomethingelseinmydailylife,’”Fansaid.Fantookhomethetopprize,earningthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”and$25,000.Sheisplanningtousesomeoftheprizemoneytostartthepatentprocessfortheheadphones.FanisoptimisticthattheFinsenHeadphoneswillbeabletohelppeopleinthenearfuture.“Beingpartofthe3MYoungScientistChallengewasabsolutelythebestpartofmyyear,”Fansaid.“Icouldmeetscientiststhataremyageandgoingfortheirdreamstoo,andmadesomefriends.”Shehopestoinspireothergirlswhowanttobecomeinventors.“Evenasmallideacangofar,”shesaid.“Ihadanideatousebluelighttokillbacteriaandthreeyearslater,I’mhere.”5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecostoftheheadphonedevice. B.Theprocessofbluelighttherapy.C.Thedescriptionoftheheadphones. D.Thecasesofmid-earinfections.6.WhatinspiredLeanneFantocreatetheheadphones?A.Herowndailylife.B.HerdesirefortheNobelPrize.C.Thefactsofbacterialinfections.D.NielsFinsen’sinventionoflighttherapy.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFan?A.Outgoing. B.Patient. C.Creative. D.Hardworking.8.WhatcanwelearnfromFan’sstory?A.Evenasmallideacangofar. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.〖答案〗5.C6.D7.C8.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文介紹了一位來自加州的14歲女孩LeanneFan在2022年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽中榮獲大獎(jiǎng)，她發(fā)明的芬森耳機(jī)使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和藍(lán)光療法來檢測和治療兒童中耳炎，有望預(yù)防高達(dá)60%的兒童聽力損失?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“LeanneFandevelopedtheFinsenHeadphones,alow-costheadphonedevicethatusesmachinelearningandbluelighttherapy(療法)todetectandtreatmid-earinfections(感染)inchildren(LeanneFan開發(fā)了Finsen耳機(jī)，這是一種低成本的耳機(jī)設(shè)備，使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和藍(lán)光療法來檢測和治療兒童中耳感染)”可知，第二段主要描述了Fan發(fā)明的FinsenHeadphones的特點(diǎn)和功能，因此，該段主要是描述這款耳機(jī)。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“FanwasinspiredtocreatetheheadphonesthreeyearsagowhilelearningaboutNielsFinsen,whowontheNobelPrizein1903afterinventinglighttherapytotreatbacterial(細(xì)菌的)infections.(三年前，F(xiàn)an在了解NielsFinsen時(shí)受到啟發(fā)，他發(fā)明了治療細(xì)菌感染的光療，于1903年獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。)”以及本段中“Thisisanamazingidea,andIcanapplyittosomethingelseinmydailylife(這是一個(gè)神奇的想法，我可以把它應(yīng)用到我日常生活中的其他事情上)”可知，F(xiàn)an在了解NielsFinsen用光療治療細(xì)菌感染并獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)后，想到了將這一理念應(yīng)用到她的日常生活中，從而發(fā)明了耳機(jī)。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“LeanneFandevelopedtheFinsenHeadphones,alow-costheadphonedevicethatusesmachinelearningandbluelighttherapy(療法)todetectandtreatmid-earinfections(感染)inchildren(LeanneFan開發(fā)了Finsen耳機(jī)，這是一種低成本的耳機(jī)設(shè)備，使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和藍(lán)光療法來檢測和治療兒童中耳感染)”可知，F(xiàn)an是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人，她開發(fā)了使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和藍(lán)光療法來檢測和治療中耳炎的耳機(jī)。這表明她具有創(chuàng)新思維和解決問題的能力，因此最能描述她的詞是C選項(xiàng)“Creative”（有創(chuàng)造力的）。故選C。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Evenasmallideacangofar,”shesaid.“Ihadanideatousebluelighttokillbacteriaandthreeyearslater,I’mhere.”(“即使是一個(gè)很小的想法也可以走得很遠(yuǎn)，”她說。“我有一個(gè)想法，用藍(lán)光殺死細(xì)菌，三年后，我在這里?！?”可知，通過Fan的話，表明了即使是一個(gè)小小的想法，只要有勇氣和努力，也可以取得很大的成就。A選項(xiàng)“Evenasmallideacangofar.(即使是一個(gè)小想法也能走得很遠(yuǎn)。)”符合題意。故選A。CIt’sdifficultnottoadmirethetalentofaskilledmusician.Whetheritisapianist,violinistorcellist,theyhavemadegreateffortstoreachthehighestlevelsofperformance.Buttheysayit’snevertoolatetolearn.Sowhatarethebenefits,forbothchildrenandadults,inlearningamusicalinstrument?Learningtoplayamusicalinstrumentwhengrowingupcanimprovehearinginadulthood.AccordingtoastudybyDrNinaKraus,ProfessorofNeurobiologyatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois,US,childrenwhoplayedmusicalinstrumentswerebetteratrecognizingdifferentfrequencies(頻率).Thisimprovedhearingskillcarriedoverintolaterlifewithadultswhohadonceplayedaninstrumentabletorecognizesoundsofdifferentpitches(音高)moreeasily.Anditcouldalsohavesomeacademicbenefitstoo.AstudyconductedbytheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatstudentswhotookpartinmusic-relatedactivitiesduringgrades7-12scoredmuchhigherinscience,Englishandmaths.Inaddition,therearebenefitsforadultsaswell.Whetheryouchoosetoplaythepiano,pickaguitarorlearnadrumbeat,youcouldendupjoiningaband.Thisinturncouldimproveyoursociallife,meetingotherbandmateswhoarelikemindedintheirloveofmusic.So,whetheryou’relookingtoimproveyourgradesoryoursociallife,maybetakingupaninstrumentcouldhelpyou.9.AccordingtothestudybyDrNinaKraus,playingamusicalinstrumentcan________.A.enrichchildren’sschoollifeB.improvehearinginadulthoodC.helpchildrenrealizetheirdreamsD.inspirechildrentobecomemoreresponsible10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inPara.4referto?A.Playingthepiano. B.Pickingaguitar.C.Learningadrumbeat. D.Joiningaband.11.Howmanybenefitsoflearningamusicalinstrumentarementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.12.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tosharerelaxationways.B.Tostressacademicbenefits.C.Tointroducepracticalmusicalskills.D.Toencouragereaderstotakeupaninstrument.〖答案〗9.B10.D11.C12.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文探討了學(xué)習(xí)樂器對兒童和成年人的益處。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)習(xí)樂器可以提高成年后的聽力能力，同時(shí)對學(xué)術(shù)成績也有積極影響。此外，學(xué)習(xí)樂器還能豐富成年人的社交生活。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Learningtoplayamusicalinstrumentwhengrowingupcanimprovehearinginadulthood.AccordingtoastudybyDrNinaKraus,ProfessorofNeurobiologyatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois,US,childrenwhoplayedmusicalinstrumentswerebetteratrecognizingdifferentfrequencies(頻率).Thisimprovedhearingskillcarriedoverintolaterlifewithadultswhohadonceplayedaninstrumentabletorecognizesoundsofdifferentpitches(音高)moreeasily.(在成長過程中學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器可以改善成年后的聽力。根據(jù)美國伊利諾斯州西北大學(xué)神經(jīng)生物學(xué)教授NinaKraus博士的一項(xiàng)研究，演奏樂器的孩子更善于識(shí)別不同的頻率。這種聽力技能的提高會(huì)延續(xù)到以后的生活中，那些曾經(jīng)演奏過樂器的成年人更容易識(shí)別不同音高的聲音。)”可知，根據(jù)DrNinaKraus的研究，學(xué)習(xí)演奏樂器可以提高成年后的聽力。故選B。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中劃線詞前面的信息“Whetheryouchoosetoplaythepiano,pickaguitarorlearnadrumbeat,youcouldendupjoiningaband.

(無論你選擇彈鋼琴、彈吉他還是學(xué)打鼓，你最終都有可能加入一個(gè)樂隊(duì)。)”可知，無論你選擇彈鋼琴、彈吉他還是學(xué)打鼓，你最終都有可能加入一個(gè)樂隊(duì)。加入樂隊(duì)這一行為，它進(jìn)而可以改善你的社交生活。因此劃線詞與D選項(xiàng)“Joiningaband.(加入一個(gè)樂隊(duì))”表述信息一致。故選D?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Learningtoplayamusicalinstrumentwhengrowingupcanimprovehearinginadulthood.

(在成長過程中學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器可以改善成年后的聽力。)”以及第三段中“

AstudyconductedbytheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatstudentswhotookpartinmusic-relatedactivitiesduringgrades7-12scoredmuchhigherinscience,Englishandmaths.(英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，7-12年級(jí)參加音樂相關(guān)活動(dòng)的學(xué)生在科學(xué)、英語和數(shù)學(xué)方面的得分要高得多。)”以及第四段中“Inaddition,therearebenefitsforadultsaswell.Whetheryouchoosetoplaythepiano,pickaguitarorlearnadrumbeat,youcouldendupjoiningaband.

This

inturncouldimproveyoursociallife(此外，對成年人也有好處。無論你選擇彈鋼琴、彈吉他還是學(xué)打鼓，你最終都有可能加入一個(gè)樂隊(duì)。這反過來可以改善你的社交生活)”可知，文章提到了學(xué)習(xí)樂器的三個(gè)益處：一是提高成年后的聽力；二是對學(xué)業(yè)有積極影響；三是改善成年人的社交生活。因此，文章中提到了三個(gè)益處。故選C?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whetheritisapianist,violinistorcellist,theyhavemadegreateffortstoreachthehighestlevelsofperformance.Buttheysayit’snevertoolatetolearn.Sowhatarethebenefits,forbothchildrenandadults,inlearningamusicalinstrument?(無論是鋼琴家、小提琴家還是大提琴家，他們都為達(dá)到最高水平的演奏付出了巨大的努力。但他們說學(xué)習(xí)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太晚。那么，對于兒童和成人來說，學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器有什么好處呢？)”以及通讀全文可知，文章開頭提到對熟練音樂家的才能感到欽佩，并提到學(xué)習(xí)樂器永遠(yuǎn)不晚，然后列舉了學(xué)習(xí)樂器的多個(gè)益處，包括提高聽力、對學(xué)業(yè)有積極影響以及改善社交生活。這些都表明作者的意圖是鼓勵(lì)讀者學(xué)習(xí)樂器。故選D。第二節(jié)小標(biāo)題填空(共3小題;每小題3分，滿分9分)下面文章中有3處(第13~15題)需要添加小標(biāo)題。請從以下選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoimproveyourstudyskillsStudyingisaskillyoucanimprove,justlikeanyother.Setyourselfupforsuccessbytakingthefollowingsteps.You’llfindafewthatworkgreatforyou._____13_____Studieshaveshownthatworkingonmorethanoneassignment(任務(wù))atthesametimeisnotonlyineffective;it’salsostressful.Youcangetmuchmoreenjoymentoutofataskifyoufocusonitanddoagoodjob,andthenmoveontothenextthing.StayorganizedwithastudyscheduleKeepadetailedplannerlistingallyourtestsandassignments.Foreachday,writedownyourtaskyouhavetofinishandcheckoffeachitemasyoucompleteit.Youfeelaccomplished!____14____Afteranhourofsittingandstudying,getupandtakealittlebreak.Trytomakethebreaklastabout10minutessothatyoucangobacktostudying.Yourbrainandbodyneedalittleactivityandfunsothatyouareabletofocusagain.JoinorformastudygroupIfyouhaveabigtestcomingup,gettogetheragroupoffriendsfromyourclasstoquizeachotherandaskeachotherquestions.Groupstudycanbemuchmorefunthanindividualstudy._____15_____Ifyouhavedifficultystudyingforanexam,don’tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.Youcanaskforhelpfromafriendwho’stakingthesameclassasyou,orasktheteacherduringclass.A.TakenotesinclassB.StudyonesubjectatatimeC.AskforhelpifyouhavetroubleD.Takeanactivebreakatleasteveryhour〖答案〗13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文提供了幾個(gè)提升學(xué)習(xí)技能的建議?！?3題詳析】根據(jù)后文的“Studieshaveshownthatworkingonmorethanoneassignment(任務(wù))atthesametimeisnotonlyineffective;it’salsostressful.

(研究表明，同時(shí)處理多個(gè)任務(wù)不僅效率低下；同時(shí)也很有壓力。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)處理多個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)不僅效率低下而且還會(huì)產(chǎn)生壓力，因此本段建議一次只學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)科目。B選項(xiàng)“Studyonesubjectatatime(一次只學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)科目)”符合語境。故選B?！?4題詳析】根據(jù)后文中“Afteranhourofsittingandstudying,getupandtakealittlebreak.Trytomakethebreaklastabout10minutessothatyoucangobacktostudying.Yourbrainandbodyneedalittleactivityandfunsothatyouareabletofocusagain.(坐著學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)小時(shí)后，站起來休息一下。盡量休息10分鐘左右，這樣你就可以繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)了。你的大腦和身體需要一點(diǎn)活動(dòng)和樂趣，這樣你才能再次集中注意力。)”可知，該段建議在學(xué)習(xí)一小時(shí)后起身休息，讓大腦和身體得到放松，以便再次集中注意力。因此，D選項(xiàng)“Takeanactivebreakatleasteveryhour(每小時(shí)至少進(jìn)行一次積極休息)”作為小標(biāo)題最為貼切。故選D?！?5題詳析】根據(jù)本段中“Ifyouhavedifficultystudyingforanexam,don’tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.Youcanaskforhelpfromafriendwho’stakingthesameclassasyou,orasktheteacherduringclass.(如果你為考試而學(xué)習(xí)有困難，不要害怕尋求幫助。你可以向和你上同一門課的朋友尋求幫助，或者在課堂上向老師尋求幫助。)”可知，本段提到如果在準(zhǔn)備考試時(shí)遇到困難，不要害怕尋求幫助，可以向同學(xué)或老師請教。因此，C選項(xiàng)“Askforhelpifyouhavetrouble(遇到困難時(shí)尋求幫助)”作為小標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。第二部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。On17March,476studentsand36teachersatFalmontPrimarySchoolescapedanearthquakethathitthecountryat2:27p.m.AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,was____16____whenthefloorbegantoshake.Herstudents’____17____wasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirstand____18____thelegsofthedesks.Atthesametime,MissBrown____19____openedtheclassroomdoor,incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthestudentsremainedstilland____20____calmlyandquietly.Themomenttheshakingstopped,MingBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclassto____21____.Shesignalledtoherstudentstoexitthe____22____inanorderlylinecoveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasseswentdownthestairsand____23____totheplayground.Soonstudentsfromotherclassesarrivedtoo.Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,they____24____,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother.“Wepractiseearthquakesafety,procedurestwiceayear,”saidMissBrown,“sothekidswere_____25_____enoughtoprotectthemselvesduringtheearthquake.”16.A.teaching B.playing C.cooking D.exercising17.A.preparation B.reaction C.communication D.explanation18.A.heldonto B.caughtsightof C.tookapart D.putaside19.A.suddenly B.quickly C.carelessly D.secretly20.A.stood B.slept C.waited D.moved21.A.study B.perform C.question D.escape22.A.library B.gym C.hall D.classroom23.A.rushed B.walked C.wandered D.flooded24.A.sighed B.struggled C.relaxed D.hesitated25.A.energetic B.curious C.calm D.patient〖答案〗16.A17.B18.A19.B20.C21.D22.D23.A24.C25.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Falmont小學(xué)的學(xué)生和老師在地震中迅速、冷靜地采取了安全措施，成功逃生并全部安全無恙。這得益于學(xué)校每年兩次的地震安全演練，使得學(xué)生們在地震發(fā)生時(shí)能夠迅速做出正確的反應(yīng)，保護(hù)自己?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)匕彘_始搖晃時(shí)，F(xiàn)almont小學(xué)的班主任AliceBrown正在教學(xué)。A.teaching教學(xué)；B.playing玩耍；C.cooking烹飪；D.exercising鍛煉。根據(jù)“headteacher”和下文“ MissBrown

________

openedtheclassroomdoor”可知，當(dāng)?shù)孛骈_始搖晃時(shí)，AliceBrown正在教學(xué)。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的學(xué)生們的反應(yīng)是迅速而正確的——他們移動(dòng)到課桌下面，頭朝前，抓住課桌腿。A.preparation準(zhǔn)備；B.reaction反應(yīng)；C.communication交流；D.explanation解釋。根據(jù)后文“theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirstand________thelegsofthedesks.”可知，面對突然來襲的地震，學(xué)生們移動(dòng)到課桌下面，頭朝前，抓住課桌腿即他們的反應(yīng)迅速。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.heldonto抓住；B.caughtsightof看見；C.tookapart拆開；D.putaside留出。根據(jù)“thelegsofthedesks”可知，學(xué)生們抓住課桌腿。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，Brown小姐迅速打開教室的門，以防它在搖晃中損壞而打不開。A.suddenly突然；B.quickly快速地；C.carelessly粗心大意地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)“incaseitbecamedamagedduringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.”可知，Brown小姐迅速打開教室的門，以防它在搖晃中損壞而打不開。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：玻璃破碎的聲音很響，東西掉在地上，但學(xué)生們?nèi)匀混o靜地等待著。A.stood站立；B.slept睡覺；C.waited等待；D.moved移動(dòng)。根據(jù)“butthestudentsremainedstill”可知，學(xué)生們?nèi)匀混o靜地等待著。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：震動(dòng)停止的那一刻，MingBrown意識(shí)到這是全班逃生的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；B.perform表演；C.question提問；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)“Themomenttheshakingstopped”可知，震動(dòng)停止的那一刻，MingBrown意識(shí)到這是全班逃生的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她示意學(xué)生們用手捂著頭有序地離開教室。A.library圖書館；B.gym體育館；C.hall大廳；D.classroom教室。根據(jù)“AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchool,was________whenthefloorbegantoshake.”可知，地震發(fā)生時(shí)，老師和學(xué)生們正在教室里上課，因此地震停止時(shí)，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該有序地離開教室。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不到1分20秒，全班同學(xué)都跑下樓梯，沖向操場。A.rushed沖；B.walked走；C.wandered徘徊；D.flooded淹沒。根據(jù)“Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasseswentdownthestairs”可知，不到1分20秒，全班同學(xué)都跑下樓梯，沖向操場。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在點(diǎn)名確認(rèn)所有人都安然無恙后，他們放松下來，笑著，哭著，互相擁抱。A.sighed嘆氣；B.struggled掙扎；C.relaxed放松；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)“Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,”可知，在點(diǎn)名確認(rèn)所有人都安然無恙后，他們放松下來。故選C。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Brown老師說：“我們每年兩次練習(xí)地震安全程序，所以孩子們在地震中能夠足夠冷靜地保護(hù)自己?！盇.energetic有活力的；B.curious好奇的；C.calm平靜的；D.patient耐心的。根據(jù)“Wepractiseearthquakesafety,procedurestwiceayear,”以及上文地震發(fā)生時(shí)同學(xué)們的反應(yīng)可知，每年兩次練習(xí)地震安全程序，所以面對地震孩子們足夠冷靜保護(hù)自己。故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Youwanttostartdoingexercise?Congratulations!Youhavejusttaken____26____(you)firststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!However,somepeopleassumethatifsomeexerciseisgood,moreisalwaysbetter,sotheytendtoexercisefor____27____longtimewithoutstopping.Forexample,somepeoplegojoggingforseveralhoursatatimebecauseofthestep-countingsmart-phoneapps.Othersworkoutforhoursattheweekendtomakeupforthelackofexerciseduringthe____28____(weekday).Habitsliketheseputstressonthebody,andcanbecomeaserioushealthriskifthey____29____(keep)overthelongterm.____30____(general)speaking,aerobicroutinesthatlastover100minuteshaveacertainhealthrisk.Ontheotherhand,theyshouldnotbe____31____(short)than10minutes.Ifyoudoexerciseforonlyafewminutes,youmaynotbeworkingoutlongenough____32____(see)anybenefitsfromit.____33____youexercise,you’dbetteraimforthedailyaverageof30to60minutes.Thiswillpreventyoufrom____34____(get)hurt.Besides,itwillensuretheexerciseyoudohasapositiveeffect_____35_____yourphysicalhealth.〖答案〗26.your27.a28.weekdays29.arekept30.Generally31.shorter32.tosee33.When34.getting35.on/upon【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章提醒人們在進(jìn)行鍛煉時(shí)要注意適量，避免過度鍛煉帶來的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【26題詳析】考查代詞。句意：你已經(jīng)邁出了邁向全新、更好的自己的第一步！此處需要形容詞性物主代詞來修飾名詞短語firststep，表示“你的第一步”。故填your?！?7題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：然而，有些人認(rèn)為如果一些鍛煉是好的，那么更多總是更好的，所以他們傾向于不停地鍛煉很長時(shí)間。此處需要不定冠詞來修飾longtime，表示“很長一段時(shí)間”。由于long是輔音音素開頭的單詞，所以用a，foralongtime(長時(shí)間)。故填a。【28題詳析】考查名詞。句意：另一些人則在周末鍛煉幾個(gè)小時(shí)，以彌補(bǔ)工作日鍛煉的不足。設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語，weekday為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。故填weekdays?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：像這樣的習(xí)慣會(huì)給身體帶來壓力，如果它們長期被保持下去，可能會(huì)成為嚴(yán)重的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞，其符合“主將從現(xiàn)”，設(shè)空處為從句謂語動(dòng)詞，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。同時(shí)they指代的是前文的habits，其與keep之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填arekept?！?0題詳析】考查固定短語。句意：一般來說，持續(xù)時(shí)間超過100分鐘的有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)有一定的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。固定短語generallyspeaking(一般來說)，同時(shí)該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填Generally。【31題詳析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：另一方面，它們不應(yīng)該短于10分鐘。此處需要形容詞的比較級(jí)作表語，than為比較級(jí)標(biāo)志，表示“不應(yīng)該短于10分鐘”。故填shorter?！?2題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你只鍛煉幾分鐘，你可能鍛煉的時(shí)間不夠長，看不到任何好處。句中maynotbeworkingout為謂語，設(shè)空處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞；句中enoughtodo為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，使用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。故填tosee?！?3題詳析】考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：當(dāng)你鍛煉時(shí)，你最好以每天平均30到60分鐘為目標(biāo)。設(shè)空處需要一個(gè)連詞來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)你鍛煉時(shí)”，用when，同時(shí)該空置于句首，開頭單詞首字母大寫。故填When?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這將防止你受傷。此處需要?jiǎng)用~形式作為介詞from的賓語。故填getting?！?5題詳析】考查固定短語。句意：此外，它將確保你所做的鍛煉對你的身體健康有積極影響。固定搭配haveapositiveeffecton/upon意為“對……有積極影響”。故填on/upon。第三部分寫作技能(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)雙向翻譯(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)請根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，將文中劃線部分譯成漢語或者英語。Tofullyrealizeyourpotential,___36___itisimportantforyoutomakefulluseofourschoolresources.Takeadvantageofyourclasses,learnfromyourteachersandclassmates,andmakethemostofourschoolfacilities.___37___Therearealsoalotofschoolactivitiesforyou.Joinaclubortwo,andtakeanactivepartindifferentsports.Ofequalimportancearegoodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitude.___38___細(xì)心規(guī)劃你的學(xué)習(xí)andsetcleargoals.Also,youmustmakeeffortstoimproveyoursocialskills.Lastbutnotleast,alwayslookonthebrightsideandneverlosehope,evenindifficultsituations.Intimeyouwillfindyourselfgrowingintoawell-roundedindividual.AsLao-Tzuwiselysaid,“___39___Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”Youneedtomakeacontinuousefforttotrainyourmindanddevelopyourcharacter.___40___高中會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)和成長,yetyoualoneareresponsibleforrealizingyourgreatpotential.Beconfident,doyourbestandmakeusproud!〖答案〗36.對你來說充分利用我們學(xué)校的資源是很重要的。37.學(xué)校也為你安排了很多活動(dòng)38.Planyourstudiescarefully39.千里之行，始于足下40.Highschoolwillhelpyoulearnandgrow【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何利用學(xué)校資源來發(fā)揮自己的潛力?！?6題詳析】考查短語和固定句型。itis