2024年中考英語總復習：任務型閱讀 專項訓練（含解析）

專題十八任務型閱讀

學問清單

一、考點分析

任務型閱讀是“閱讀理解”的另一種形式，綜合考查學生歸納概括實力和語篇結構理解

實力。其內容涉及廣泛,要求學生在閱讀理解的基礎上，完成一項任務或解決一個問題。所以

“任務型閱讀”是介于閱讀理解和寫作之間,其任務已不同于閱讀理解中的選擇題或書面表

達,而是在理解文字的基礎上,完成相應的圖表或文字練習，從而有效地測試學生用英語“做

事”的實力。依據任務類型，常見題型有以下四種：

1.完成表格型

此類任務型閱讀要求我們在理解文本信息的基礎上,依據材料供應的干脆信息或由我們

推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務。其閱讀內容更貼近學生的生活實際，任務的

設置改變多樣,不光有簡潔信息的捕獲,而且有閱讀短文,通過對短文信息的歸納,加工處理，

運用語言邏輯推理和思維實力來完成表格。

2.回答問題型

此類任務型閱讀要求我們依據短文、表格、圖片或圖文結合的材料回答命題者設定的問

題,所設置的任務通過事實或細微環(huán)節(jié)的查找就能完成,與一般閱讀理解的解題方法相像,只

是題目設計采納了主觀題形式,沒有給出選項,須要我們從材料中尋求信息，以一個完整的句

子,或者是其適當的縮略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內容看,考查文本表層理解多于深層理解,

其設計的問題多為五W或一般疑問句的細微環(huán)節(jié)性問題，而涉及推理推斷、文章主旨、寫作

意圖及作者看法、感受等的題目則少之又少。此類題型是學生失分較多的題型之一,要求學

生有較扎實的語言基礎和較強的綜合運用英語的實力。

3.句子還原型

還原短文型“閱讀理解”題有兩種形式:即選擇句子還原短文和排列段落還原短文。第

一種形式要求考生依據短文內容,從文后所給的句子中選出適當的句子填入短文空白處。其

次種形式是給出一篇200~300個詞的短文，要求考生依據短文內容和結構，將依次打亂的段

落重新排序,有時首段或尾段的位置已給出。這種題型旨在考查考生對短文整體結構的理解

實力,要求考生從短文的篇章結構的層面上把握短文，了解其也許意思和結構,分清句子或段

落之間的邏輯關系,然后還原成短文的原貌。

4.多元綜合型

此類任務型閱讀是上述各種題型的綜合,可以給出不同的任務讓學生逐一完成。一般是

在問題設計上兼顧了多種類型，既有依據短文設計的問答題和相應的翻譯題、句型轉換等，

又有依據內容完成句子,完成這一題型應特別細致,應細致地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并

且經過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文意的基礎上，細致閱讀后面的題目要求,依據實際狀況

去完成所要求的任務。

二、解題步驟

1.明確任務。

由于題目要求形式多樣,在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務，因此解題前要先

明確任務，做到心中有數。

2.對應，緊扣原文。

即在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速精確地抓住有效信息,確

保答題的精確性。假如是依據英文釋義寫單詞的題,則肯定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文，

切不行脫離原文,隨意發(fā)揮。

3.留意讀寫結合。

任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的實力，更加留意考查學生“寫”的實力。若是

寫單詞,則要留意拼法正確,詞形、詞性有無改變,是否須要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子

成分,則需謹慎對待,依據所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達方式,

不行簡潔草率地將文中信息干脆挪用。

4.細致檢查。

完成任務后要重新諦視材料,檢查所做的答案是否復合要求，同時語言要精練精確。

提分策略

1.細致審題，讀懂題意

由于題目要求形式多樣，在同一篇閱讀材料中會要求完成不同的任務，因此解題前要先

明確任務，做到心中有數。

2.快速閱讀，駕馭大意

在做題時要快速掃視一下文章的大意,然后結合前面的題目的要求,大致明白所要完成

的任務。

3.細讀題目，完成任務

在明白題意和文章意思的基礎上,細致閱讀后面的題目要求,在原文中找出問題題干所

包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速精確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的精確性。假如是依據英文

釋義寫單詞的題,則肯定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文,切不行脫離原文,隨意發(fā)揮。

4.復讀文章，核實任務

在初步完成所要求的任務以后,學生必需再細致閱讀所供應的短文,結合題意、文章和文

后供應的任務信息、細致核實任務以保證答題正確。

5.留意讀寫結合

任務型閱讀不僅考查學生閱讀理解層面的實力，更加留意考查學生“寫”的實力。若是

寫單詞,則要留意拼法正確,詞形、詞性有無改變,是否須要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子

成分,則需謹慎對待,依據所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么樣的表達方式，

不行簡潔草率地將文中信息干脆挪用。

總之,任務型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解,它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間,老師應當適

應新課改的要求,駕馭任務型閱讀理解的特點,加強學生任務型閱讀實力的培育。

[例1]（2014?江蘇鎮(zhèn)江-61?65）

HaveyoueveraskedyourrelativesorfriendsifthereisWi-Fiintheirhouses?

HaveyoueversearchedforWi-Fiwhenyouareatrestaurantsorhotels?Theanswers

willprobablybe"Yes”.MostofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecan'tlivewithout

it.ButwecanonlyusefreeWi-Fiinsomepublicplaces.Westillhavetospend

somemoneyaccessing（連接）theInternetatmosttime.Herecomesapieceofgood

news.

Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestment

Fund（MDIF）hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing（計算）completelyby

givingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.Theywillsenduphundredsofsatellites

intolowEarthorbit（軌道）in2015.

Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworld's

populationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.Andthisisalsobecause

manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructure（基石出設施）

toaccesstheweb.

WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.

閱讀以上信息,用恰當的詞完成下面的表格,每空一詞。

Presentsituation?ManyofuswantWi-Fieverywhereasifwecan'tlive

withoutit.

?AccessingtheInternet]ussomemoney.

?MDIFhasmadeadecisiontosenduphundredsof

WhatthesatellitesintolowEarthorbitin2015sothatfor

organizationwilldoeverypersononEarth,therewillbefreeWi-Fi

2.

?Only60%oftheworld5spopulationhavebeenable

togetinformationontheInternet.

3

?Manycountriescan514peoplewiththe

necessaryinfrastructuretoaccesstheweb.

?FreeWi-Fiwill5theworldinthenear

Whatwecanexpect

future.

本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了當下特別流行的Wi-Fi。當你到

親戚或摯友家或在餐廳或賓館,都免不了去搜尋Wi-Fi,這些里面有的Wi-Fi是免費的,而有

的是收費的。令人興奮的是美國一家有實力的組織MDIF到2015年將為全球的人們供應免費

的Wi-Fi。

【答案】

1.costs依據文章第一段句子“Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing（連

接）theInternetatmosttime.”可知搜尋網絡花許多錢,所以填costs。

2.available依據文章其次段句子“（MDIF）hasdecidedtochangetheageofonline

computing（計算）completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.“可知

在2015年MDIF將供應免費的Wi-Fi,所以說到2015年全球將有免費的Wi-Fi可以運用的。

可以利用的要available來表示。

3.Reason（s）/Cause（s）依據文章第三段句子“Thisisbecausetheyhavemadea

surveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworld，spopulationhavebeenabletoget

informationontheInternet.中的關鍵詞because可知，這些是MDIF為人們供應免費

Wi-Fi的緣由。

4.provide依據文章第三段句子“manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethe

necessaryinfrastructure（基礎設施）toaccesstheweb”中的關鍵詞offer可知許多國

家不能夠為人們供應搜尋網絡的基礎設施。providesb.withsth.表示“為某人供應某物”。

5.cover/s依據文章最終一段“WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthe

nearfuture.,,可知在不久的將來,免費的Wi-Fi將覆蓋全球。cover意為“覆蓋

[例2]（2013?山東萊蕪）閱讀短文,依據要求完成下面各小題。

Alifecoachissomebodywhohelpsyoureachallkindsofpersonaland

professionalgoals（目標）.Eachofushastheabilitytobeourownlifecoach.Here

aresometipsforyou:

?Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers

Askyourselfthefollowingquestions:Howdoyoudealwithdisagreements?When

wasthelasttimeyoushowedyourfamilymembersthatyoucareforthem?Your

relationshipswithfriends,familymembersandteachersshowalotaboutwhatkind

ofpersonyouare.

?Facethefearsaboutthefuture

Now,imaginethatoneofyourgoodfriendstoldyouthatheorshewasnotstrong

enoughtogobacktoschool.3Weoftengivebetteradvicethanwearewillingto

takeourselves.Rememberthateventhemostsuccessfulpeoplewereprobablytold

thatwhattheywantedtodowasimpossible,buttheyfollowedtheirdreamsand

succeed.

?Developyourtalents

Ifyouwanttoreachyourgoals,youwillhavetospendmoretimedevelopingthe

talentsyoualreadyhave,anduncoveringanyhiddentalentsthatyouhaven，t

discoveredyet.Soyoucantakeclassesinsubjectsthatyouareinterestedin,even

ifyouhavenoexperience.

?Bethankful

Takesometimetobethankfulforthethingsyoudohave.Rememberpositive

memories.4Thinkofthebestday（s）youhavehadinthepastmonthsoryears.Remember

specialparties,vacationsandholidays.Appreciatethewonderfulpeopleyouhave

inyourlife.

A.依據短文內容簡要回答問題。

1.Whichtipdoyouthinkinfluencesyoumost?

2.Whyshouldyoupayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers?

B.將短文中畫線的句子譯成漢語。

3.

4.

C.請給短文擬一個適當的標題。

5.

本文主要講的是我們每個人都是自己的生活導師和如何面對處理生活中

的■些問題。

【答案】

1.Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers./Facethefearsaboutthefuture.

/Developyourtalents./Bethankful.

2.Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswithothers/friends,familymembersand

teachersshowalotaboutwhatkindofpersonyou/weare/Iam.

3.我們常常給別人更好的建議，而自己卻不愿接受。

4.想一想在過去的歲月里你擁有的最美妙的時間。

5.Tobeyourownlifecoach/Beingyourownlifecoach/Howtobeyourownlife

coach/Thetips/suggestionsofbeingyourownlifecoach.

專項訓練

Passage1（2014?江蘇常州）

Muchmeaningcanbeconveyed（傳送）withoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyes

canspeak.Doyouhavesuchkindofexperience?Inabusyoumaylookatastranger,but

nottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstared（盯）at,hemayfeel

uncomfortable.

Thesameisindailylife.Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwill

lookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothing

goeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardother'sstareatyouthatway.Eyesdo

speak,right?

Lookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtobeimpoliteandevenrude.Butthings

aredifferentwhenitcomestostareattheoppositesex.Ifamanstaresatawoman

formorethan10secondsandrefusestoturnhiseyesawayfromthewoman,hispurpose

isobvious.Thatis,hewishestoattractherattention,tomakeherunderstandthat

heisadmiringher.

However,thenormaleyecontactfortwopeopleduringaconversationisthatthe

speakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime;inordertomakesurethat

thelistenerispayingattentiontowhatthespeakerisspeaking,totellhimthat

heisinterested.

Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeaking,asifhetriestocontrol

you,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliar（說謊者）usuallylookstoolongatthe

victim,becausehebelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonest

communication.

Infact,continuouseyecontactonlyhappensbetweentwolovers,whowillenjoy

lookingateachothergentlyforalongtime,toshowfeelingthatwordscannotexpress.

Obviously,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingtotherelationshipbetweentwo

peopleandthepropersituation.

Eyescantalkinourdailylife.Alotoffeelingscanbeconveyedtoothers

withoureyes.Therearealotoffactstoproveit.

閱讀下面短文,并依據所讀內容在文章后的表格中填入恰當的單詞,每空一詞。

Youmayfeel]ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary.Andyouwonder

ifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnot,youwillfeelveryangry.

Whenstaringattheoppositesex:Lookingtoolongatawomanyou2means

thatyouwanttoattractherattention.Andmostoftime,continuouseyecontactis

justfortwolovers.

Whenhavinga3withothers:Ifthespeakerlooksatthelistenerat_4

duringtheconversation,it'sanormaleyecontact.Ifthespeakerisaliar,looking

straightintheeyetoolongisn'tasignofhonestcommunication.

Soremembertolookatothersatthe5time.Ifnot,itwillmakeothers

uncomfortable.

Passage2（2014?湖北鄂州）

Everyonehastheirdream.Theygiveuscourageandconfidencetokeepusgoing

throughdifficulties.(1)Hereissomeadviceonhowtorealizeourbeautifuldreams.

Nevergivingupisthekeytomakingourdreamscometrue.Wemayfailfromtime

totime,butwecanlearnfromfailure,correctourmistakesandtryagainuntilwe

achieveourgoals.Forthatreason,nomatterwhatdifficultieswemeet,wewon，tfail

unlesswegiveupourhopes.Ourlifeislikealongjourneywhichisnotallroses.

Itsometimeshaswindandrain.Webelieverainbowwillappearafterstorms.(2)We

willrealizeourdreamsatlastifwedoourbest.Cooperationisalsonecessary.

(3)Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.(4)除止匕之夕卜，

在我們這個社會里,大多數困難不行能被，個人單獨解決。Eachofusislikeapartof

amachine.Ifonepartisn，tinorder,themachinecan'tworkwell.It'shardfor

apersonwhoisawayfromthesocietytohaveadeepunderstandingoftheworld.

Cooperationisbecomingoneofthemostwaysforpeoplelivinginthedeveloping

society.Asasayinggoes“Onetreedoesn，tmakeaforest."Atthesametime,we

shouldlearntoexamineourabilitiesbecauseithelpsusknowaboutouradvantages

anddisadvantagesaswellasgetafullcontrolofourselves.Thenwemaybeconfident

enoughtofacechallenges.Followthesuggestionsabove,andourdreamsaresureto

cometrue.

1.把⑴處的句子改成復合句。

2.把⑵處的句子改成并列句。

3.把⑶處的句子譯成漢語。

4.把⑷處的句子譯成英語。

5.寫出文章的標題。

Passage3

Nowstudents,Englishhandwritinggetsworseandworse.Thatmakestheir

teachersfeelworried.IsyourEnglishhandwritingbeautiful?Ifnot,herearefour

stepsthatreallywork!

?Usepaperthathaslines

UsingpaperthathaslinescankeepyouwritingstraightwhenyouwriteEnglish

wordsorsentences.Thoselinesonthepapercanhelpyoutowritewordsintheright

size.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapital

letters（大寫字母）arewrittenproperly.

?SIowdown

Ifyourwritingishardtoread,tryslowingdownalittle.Forsomekids,going

slowermakesthehandwritingclear.Ifyouwritetoofast,it'shardforyoutostop

whereyoushould,andevenworse,youmaymakemoremistakes.

?Holdyourpencilright

Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingismucheasier.Somekids

press（按，壓）downreallyhardwhentheywrite.Thatmakesthehandwritingnotnice.

Trytorelaxyourselfanddon，tholdthepencilsohard.Letyourwritingappear

niceandclean.Ifyoudoso,peoplewillguessyouareastudentwithagoodhabit.

?Drawmorepictures

Drawingcanimproveyourhandwriting.Youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyour

pencilbetterwhenyouaredrawingpictures.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodraw

atschool,youcanpracticebyyourselfathome.

Handwritingisveryimportant.Imagineyouareaworld-famousmoviestarora

well-knownsportsplayer,whatdoyoudowhenyourfansrunuptoyou?Givethemyour

autographs（親筆簽名）,ofcourse!

閱讀下面短文,依據短文內容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一詞。

Four]tomakeyourhandwritingbeautifulUsepaper2linesUsingpaper

thathaslinescanstopyoufromwritingupor3whenyouwriteEnglishwords

orsentences.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapital

lettersarewritten4.

Slowdown

Tryslowingdownalittle.Ifyouwritetoofast,it'shardforyoutostopwhere

youshould,andyoumaymakemore5.

6yourpencilright.Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingis

much7.Trytobe8anddon，tholdthepencilsohard.

Drawmorepictures

While9pictures,youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetter.

Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawatschool,youcanpractice10athome.

Passage4

下面是一篇關于個人愛好的文章。請細致閱讀,然后依據信息卡內容的要求填入相關信

息。

Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,playingtennisandwatchingTV.But

readingismyfavoritehobby.

Ilikereadingforthreereasons.Firstofall,booksintroducemetoanew

world,whichiscolorfulandwithouttimeandspacelimit.Throughreading,Icango

backtoancientEgypt.IcanalsogototheUnitedStates,agreatlandIhavebeen

longingtovisit.

Secondly,readingcanimprovemyselfbyshowingmeanewhorizon(見識).Inthe

pastfewyears,Ihavegotmostofmyknowledgefrombooks.Ihavelearnedfrommany

peoplebyreadingabouttheirideasonscience,politics,lifeandsociety.

Thirdly,readingcanbridgethegap(差星巨)betweenmydreamandmygoal.Inorder

tosucceedinmycareer(事業(yè))inthefuture,Imustkeepreading,thinkingand

practicing.Readinghasbecomeapartofmylife.Duringtheday,Ispendsometime

readingbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Atnight,Icanhardlygotosleepwithout

anovelinmyhand.

InformationCard

Whatotherhobbiesdoesthewriterhavebesides

(1)

reading?

(2)_________________

Threereasonswhythewriterlikesreading(3)

(4)

Whattoread?(5)_________________

Passage5(2013?江蘇連云港)

OperationSmilewasstartedbyadoctorandhiswife,anurse,In1982they(A)

thePhilippines,withagroupofvolunteerstohelpchildrenwhohadproblemswith

theirfaces.Thesechildrenhadholesintheirlipsorinsidetheirmouths.Itwas

very(B)difficultforthesechildrentoeat.

TheyhelpedmanychildreninthePhilippines,buttheyweresad,because(C)

他們沒有足夠的錢tohelpallthechildren.Theydecidedtostartacharitysothat

theycouldhelpthem.TheycalledOperationSmile.

NowOperationSmilehelpschildren(D)morethantwentydevelopingcountriesand

hascuredabouttenthousandchildren.OperationSmilehaswonmanyprizesforits

workandin1999,anotherspecialactivitywasstarted,whichwascalled“TheWorld

JourneyofHope”.Duringthisactivity,morethanfivethousandchildrenwithholes

intheirfacesandlipswerecuredineighteendifferentcountriesaroundthe

world.

OperationSmilealsotrainsdoctorsindevelopingcountriessothattheycan

continuetohelpchildreneven(E)theOperationSmileteamhasleftthe

country.ChildrenwithseriousproblemsarebroughttotheUSAfortreatment(治

療).(F)AHofthiscostsalot,sopleasegiveasmuchaspossible.Manythanksfrom

thechildrenwhocansmile.

1.在(A)和(E)空白處分別填入適當的單詞。

AE

2.分別寫出畫線部分(B)和(D)處的同義詞或近義詞。

BD

3.將畫線部分(C)處翻譯成漢語。

C___________

4.將畫線部分(F)處改寫為同義句。

Allofthis.

5.找出能說明本文的中心大意的主題短語:.

Passage6(2013?江蘇連云港二模)

Doyoufindenoughtimeforlaughing?I'mnotaskingifyouexperiencelotsof

goodtimes.Ofcourse,weshouldlaughduringthehappytimes.Butdoyoualsolaugh

duringthedifficulttimes?

ErmaBombeckisknownforherfunnybooks.Butshewroteoneaboutamoreserious

subject-cancer（癌癥）inchildren.Thebookistitled,IWANTEDTOGROWHAIR,IWANT

TOGROWUP.Ermatalkswithmanychildrenwhohavecancerandlearnsimportantlessons

fromthem.Shelearns,forexample,thatcancersurvivors（生還者）knowhowtheyshould

smileatlife,thoughtheyarereceivingchemotherapy（化療）.

Shetellsabouttheexperienceof15-year-oldJessica.Jessica，slegwascut

offatthekneebecauseofcancer.Shewaslearningtowearaprosthesis（假肢）.

Jessicatoldaboutplayingsoccer.Shehittheballhardwithherfoot.Theball

flewoffinonedirection（方向）whileherman-madelegflewanotherway.Thenthe

bravegirllayonthefloor,laughinghappily.

Asthesayinggoes（正如諺語所說），“There'satimetocryandatimetolaugh.v

Doyoufindplentyoftimetolaugh?Youcan一ifyoufindreasonstolaughduring

thedifficulttimes.Survivorsknowhowtolaugh.Ifyoucanlaughevenwhenyou，re

introuble,youwillmakeit.RemembeD,laughandthawholeworldlaughwithyou.Cry

andyoucryalone!

任務一依據短文內容回答問題：

1.Whendoweusuallylaugh,duringthehappytimesorduringthedifficulttimes?

2.WhatimportantlessonsdoesErmalearnfrommanychildren?

任務二選擇最佳答案

3.WhywasJessica，slegcutoffattheknee?Because.

A.shehascancer

B.shewroteabook.

C.shehastrouble

D.sheflewanotherway

4.Whatdosurvivorsknowtododuringthedifferenttimes?They.

A.knowwhytolaugh

B.knowhowtocry

C.knowhowtolaugh

D.knowwhentocry

任務三把短文中的黑體字部分翻譯成漢語：

5..

參考答案與解析

Passage1

【主旨大意】本文主要介紹一個人的眼睛盯著某人超過十秒鐘的話，對方就會感覺不舒適,

甚至會覺