單元提升卷01選必一Unit1Peopleofachievement

單元提升卷01Unit1Peopleofachievement單元基礎(chǔ)知識鞏固Ⅰ.核心單詞1.vital adj.必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿生機(jī)的2.defeat n.失敗;挫敗vt.擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝3.evaluate vt.評價(jià);評估4.acknowledge vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開)感謝5.encounter vt.偶然碰到;遇到n.邂逅;遭遇6.obtain vt.(尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得;贏得 vi.(規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在;流行7.extraordinary adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的8.mit vt.承諾;保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等) vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)9.infer vt.推斷;推定10.circumstance n.條件;環(huán)境;狀況Ⅱ.拓展單詞1.distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的→distinctionn.差別2.noveln.(長篇)小說→novelistn.小說家3.mitvt.承諾;保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→mittedadj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的→mitmentn.承諾;交托;信奉4.concludev.得出結(jié)論,結(jié)束;終止→conclusionn.結(jié)論;推論5.apparentadj.顯而易見的;顯然的;表面上的→apparentlyadv.顯而易見;看來;顯然6.sciencen.科學(xué)→scientistn.科學(xué)家→scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的7.academyn.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院;學(xué)會;專科院?！鷄cademicadj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的8.objectn.物體;對象;客體→objectiven.目標(biāo);目的adj.客觀的9.botanyn.植物學(xué)→botanicaladj.植物學(xué)的10.politicn.政治學(xué)→politiciann.從政者;政治家;政客III.核心短語1.withtheobjectiveof(doing) 以(做)……為目的

2.insiston 堅(jiān)決要求

3.wearandtear (正常使用造成的)磨損;損耗

4.etopower (開始)掌權(quán);上臺

5.takeupaposition 擔(dān)任;任職

6.sumup 總結(jié);概括

7.getstuck 進(jìn)入僵局;被卡住

8.bychance 偶然;意外地

9.leadto 導(dǎo)致,通向

10.standupto 經(jīng)得起;抵抗;勇敢地面對

一、單句語法填空1．Parentsaremorewilling(acknowledge)theirchildrenasadultswhentheybehavelikeadults.2．Itisvitalimportancethatyoufollowallsafetyrules.3．Therearenoobvious(distinct)betweenthetwodesigns.4．That’sthe(conclude)scientistsinCambridgehavedrawnfromanexperimentwithtensofthousandsofvolunteers.5．Withherluggageinherhands,thegirlstoodlookingroundinalldirections,but(apparent)noonehadetomeether.6．TheyoungscientisthasjustpublishedapaperinthejournalNature(analyse)thefires.7．Neverdoubtthatasmallgroupofthoughtful,(mit)citizenscanchangetheworld;indeed,itistheonlythingthateverhas.8．Thisvolumeofessayswasdesigned(acpany)anexhibitioninSeattle.9．Thisisanexcitingmomentforus,ourastronautssuccessfullylandedonMars.10．Heisthefirsttowinsuchabigprize,fatherwasoutofworkatthattime.11．ShecameclosetoDorothyandkissedher(gentle)ontheforehead.12．Itwas(courage)ofhertogointotheburningbuildingtosavethechild.13．Hemadeanimportant(contribute)tothedebatewhichwasheldlastweek.14．TherobotwasmadebyBostonDynamics,apany(found)in1992byaprofessor.15．AnOlympicsilvermedalisa(remark)achievementforonesoyoung.16．Thesuccessofthenovelshasmadeherthemosthighlypaid(novel)inhistory.17．Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengaged(參與)in(academy)life,takingfulladvantageofthecollege’schancesandresources.18．Thelocalsobtainedprofitforeignvisitorswantingtobuyuppropertyontheirbeautifulisland.19．(infer)fromtheconversation,wecantellthattheboydoesn’twanttogotoFrance.20．Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeselfimageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfrom(object).21．Theteacherurgedstudentstoinsiston(read)Englishaloudeverymorning.22．However,technologyisalsotheapplicationof(science)knowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.23．Trytospendyourtimejustonthethingsyoufindworthy(do).24．Hewasappointedasthe(art)directorofthetheatre.25．Distinctwesternpaintings,Chinesepaintingsaremoreabstract.26．Personally,Iprefertoworkinateam,offersmeachancetolearnhowtogetalongwithothers.27．iswellknown,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.28．Asa(journal),Tomalwayshastagoodnoseforagoodstory,sohedoeswellinhisjob.29．Asa(consequent),hewasaburdentoher,somethingshewasforcedtolookafter.30．CurrentlyAIisused(most)inthetechindustry,whereithasproducedmanynewproducts.1．toacknowledge【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：當(dāng)他們的孩子表現(xiàn)得像成年人時(shí)，父母更愿意承認(rèn)他們是成年人。bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事，此處表示“愿意承認(rèn)”。故填toacknowledge。2．of【詳解】考查介詞。句意：遵守一切安全規(guī)則是至關(guān)重要的。本句為“beof+抽象名詞”的用法。故填of。3．distinctions【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這兩種設(shè)計(jì)之間沒有明顯的區(qū)別。根據(jù)are可知，空處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)distinctions作主語。故填distinctions。4．conclusion【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這是劍橋大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們通過對數(shù)萬名志愿者的實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)論。作表語，結(jié)合上文定冠詞可知應(yīng)用名詞conclusion，故填conclusion。5．a(chǎn)pparently【詳解】考查副詞。句意：女孩手里拿著行李，站在那里四下張望，但顯然沒有人來接她。副詞apparently作狀語修飾句子。故填apparently。6．a(chǎn)nalysing【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這位年輕的科學(xué)家剛剛在《自然》雜志上發(fā)表了一篇分析火災(zāi)的論文。空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞。apaper與analyse為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填analysing。7．mitted【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：永遠(yuǎn)不要懷疑一小群有思想、有奉獻(xiàn)精神的公民可以改變世界；事實(shí)上，這是唯一曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情?？仗幨切揎梒itizens的定語，結(jié)合“thoughtful”可知，mit的形容詞形式mitted符合題意，意為“盡心盡力的，獻(xiàn)身的”。故填mitted。8．toacpany【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這本文集是為了配合西雅圖的一個(gè)展覽而設(shè)計(jì)的。bedesignedtodosth被設(shè)計(jì)做某事。故填toacpany。9．when【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)我們的宇航員成功登陸火星時(shí)，這對我們來說是一個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻。本空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是anexcitingmoment，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when。10．whose【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他是第一個(gè)贏得如此大獎(jiǎng)的人，他的父親當(dāng)時(shí)失業(yè)了。先行詞為He，關(guān)系詞在非限制定語從句中作定語，關(guān)系代詞為whose。故填whose。11．gently【詳解】考查副詞。句意：她走近多蘿茜，輕輕地吻著她的額頭。副詞gently作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞。故填gently。12．courageous【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她走進(jìn)著火的大樓去救那個(gè)孩子，真是勇敢。空處是作表語，結(jié)合“togointotheburningbuildingtosavethechild”可知，courage的形容詞形式courageous符合題意，意為“勇敢的”。故填courageous。13．contribution【詳解】考查名詞。句意：他對上周舉行的辯論作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。important是形容詞，修飾名詞，contribute的名詞是contribution，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”，空前有an，空格處用單數(shù)，makeanimportantcontributionto是固定短語，意為“做出重要貢獻(xiàn)”，因此空格處是contribution。故填contribution。14．founded【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該機(jī)器人由波士頓動(dòng)力公司制造，該公司由一位教授于1992年創(chuàng)立?？仗帪榉侵^語動(dòng)詞，apany與found為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語。故填founded。15．remarkable【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：對于一個(gè)如此年輕的人來說，獲得奧運(yùn)會銀牌是一項(xiàng)了不起的成就。形容詞remarkable作定語修飾名詞。故填remarkable。16．novelist【詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些小說的成功使她成為歷史上收入最高的小說家。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示這些小說讓她成為了歷史上收入最高的小說家，所以空處需要名詞novelist“小說家”，符合語境。故填novelist。17．a(chǎn)cademic【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：從大學(xué)中受益最多的學(xué)生是那些完全投入到學(xué)術(shù)生活中，充分利用大學(xué)機(jī)會和資源的學(xué)生。修飾名詞life，需用形容詞academic，作定語。故填academic。18．from【詳解】考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝藦南胍谒麄兠利惖膷u上購買房產(chǎn)的外國游客那里獲利。表示“從/來自于……”用介詞from。故填from。19．Inferring【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：從談話中推斷，我們可以看出這個(gè)男孩不想去法國。we邏輯主語和動(dòng)詞infer是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，infer用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語，首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)nferring。20．objective【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：擺脫消極自我形象的最好方法是認(rèn)識到你的形象與客觀相差甚遠(yuǎn)?？崭裉幱眯稳菰~作表語，object的形容詞是objective，意為“客觀存在的，客觀的”，故填objective。21．reading【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：老師敦促學(xué)生們每天早晨堅(jiān)持朗讀英語。insistondoingsth.意為“堅(jiān)持做某事”。故填reading。22．scientific【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然而，技術(shù)也是應(yīng)用科學(xué)知識來解決問題，以無數(shù)種方式觸及生活。根據(jù)空后名詞“knowledge”可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞形式scientific，修飾其后的名詞knowledge，作定語。故填scientific。23．tobedone【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：試著把你的時(shí)間花在你認(rèn)為值得做的事情上。beworthytobedone意思為：值得做，worthy作定語從句find的賓補(bǔ)，空處用tobedone結(jié)構(gòu)。故填tobedone。24．a(chǎn)rtistic【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他被任命為劇院的藝術(shù)總監(jiān)?？仗幮揎梔irector用形容詞作定語，artistic意思為：藝術(shù)的，符合題意。故填artistic。25．from【詳解】考查介詞。句意：與西方繪畫不同，中國畫更抽象。(be)distinctfrom“與……不同”，故填from。26．which【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：就我個(gè)人而言，我更喜歡在團(tuán)隊(duì)中工作，這給了我一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)如何與他人相處的機(jī)會。此處為關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面整句話，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞在從句中作主語成分。故填which。27．As【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：眾所周知，中國是一個(gè)有著悠久歷史的國家。此處為關(guān)系代詞As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為后面整句話，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞在從句中作主語成分，As在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，有“正如……一樣”的意思。故填A(yù)s。28．journalist【詳解】考查名詞。句意：作為一名記者，湯姆總是對好故事有敏銳的嗅覺，所以他的工作做得很好。結(jié)合不定冠詞a，用可數(shù)名詞journalist“新聞?dòng)浾撸恍侣劰ぷ髡摺钡膯螖?shù)形式，作as賓語。故填journalist。29．consequence【詳解】考查名詞。句意：結(jié)果，他成了她的負(fù)擔(dān)，她不得不照顧他?？仗幾鹘樵~as的賓語，應(yīng)用consequent的名詞形式consequence，意為“結(jié)果”，固定短語asaconsequence意為“因此”。故填consequence。30．mostly【詳解】考查副詞。句意：目前，人工智能主要用于科技行業(yè)，它已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了許多新產(chǎn)品。修飾動(dòng)詞use應(yīng)用副詞mostly，故填mostly。高考能力提升二、閱讀理解AdaLovelacewasbornonDecember10th1815.Ada’smotherandfather(thefamouspoetLordGeorgeGordonByron)partedjustweeksaftershewasborn.Hermotherfearedhergrowingupwithherfather’schangeablenature.Tostopthisfromhappening,Adawasforcedbyhermothertolearnscienceandmathematicswhichwasunusualforwomenatthetime.Shewasalsopunishedifherworkwasnotuptostandard.However,shewasgreatlyinterestedinmathematicsandscienceandwouldperhapshavelearnedaboutthemonherown.Adawaspartiallydisabledandasaresultspentmuchtimestudying.Adaknewofhermother’sthoughtaboutkeepingthecreativesideofherfromgerminating(萌芽)however,asAdaherselfisknowntohavesaid,“Ifyoucan’tgivemepoetryatleastgivemepoeticalscience.”Adamarriedat19,toWilliamKingwhowasmadeEarlofLovelacein1838,atwhichpointshebecameLadyAdaKing,theCountessofLovelace,butwasknownasAdaLovelace.AdaandKinghadarelativelyhappymarriage,withKingevenencouraginghiswife’slovefornumbers.DuringheryouthAdawasintroducedtotheScot,MarySomerville,whowasknownasthe“Queenof19thCenturyScience”andwasthefirstwomantobeacceptedintotheRoyalAstronomicalSociety.ItwasthroughMarySomervillethatAdafirstheardofCharlesBabbage’sideaforanewcalculating(計(jì)算)engine.Attractedbythisidea,Adabeganaperiodofletterwritingwithhimthatwouldetodecideherprofessionallife.AdametBabbagewhenshewasaround17andthetwobecameclosefriends.Babbagewasworkingonan“AnalyticalEngine”,somethinghewasdesigningtodealwithplex(復(fù)雜的)calculations.Adawaslateraskedtotranslateanarticle.Shenotonlytranslatedthearticlebutaddedpagesandpagesofnotes,calculationsandinnovations(創(chuàng)新).Hernoteswerepublishedin1843anditturnedoutthatwhatshehadwrittenwassooriginal,itisnowseenasthefirstprehensivementonwhatwouldbeemoderndayputerprogramming.Althoughimpressive,Adawasnotactuallygivencreditforthearticleuntil1848.31．WhathappenedtoAdainherchildhood?A．Shewaspushedtolearnscientificknowledge.B．Shehadtopareherselfwithotherwomen.C．Shegaveuplearningbecauseofherfather’snature.D．Shehadnofatheranymore.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A．Adathoughtpoetrywasboring.B．Adathoughtsciencewascreative.C．Adawasinterestedinbothscienceandpoetry.D．Adabelievedpoetrywasharderthanscience.33．WhatdecidedAda’sprofessionallife?A．AdawasintroducedtotheScot,MarySomerville.B．Somerville’ssuggestions.C．Herhusband’sencouragement.D．HermunicationwithBabbage.34．WhatdidAdadoaftershemetBabbage?A．Shetaughtpeoplehowtoprogram.B．Sheinventedan“AnalyticalEngine”.C．Shetranslatedanarticleanddevelopedit.D．ShepraisedBabbage’sachievements.In2018,Chinabecamethelargestproducerandconsumerofthefruitintheworld.NinetytwoyearoldWuMingzhu,anativeofWuhan,istheunknownherowhohashelpedmakethispossible.“About80percentofthewatermelonsandsweetmelonsservedatpeople’sdiningtableseverydayaretheresultofpainfuleffortsmadebyWuandherteamovermorethan60years,”saidZhangWenjun,acolleagueofWu’s.Helpingothershadlongbeenadreamofhers.Andshethoughtthemostbeautifulthinginlifeisthateverythingyoucreatecanservethepeople,soshemadeeffortstogrowqualitymelons,whichbeganpayingoffin1973.Sheisoneofthe8,000agriculturalscientistswhohaveetoHainanannuallyfromacrossthecountryoverthepast60yearsandhavecultivated(培育)morethan20,000ofChina’snewseedvarietiesthroughoffseasonbreeding.Usinginnovativemeasuressuchasradiationmutationbreeding,doublehaploidbreedinganddistanthybridizationbreeding,Wuandherteamdevelopednewgermplasm(種質(zhì))resources,fromwhichtheycultivatedmorethan30watermelonandmuskmelon(香瓜)varietieswithbetteradaptabilityandstrongerdiseaseresistance,saidYiHongping,formerdirectoroftheXinjiangMuskmelonResearchCenter.Thenewmelonvarietieshavebeenpromotedtomorethan1.86millionhectaresoffieldsfromnorthtosouth.Someofthesevarietieshavebeenpromotedoverseas,asfarasCalifornia.Wu’sworkhasleftheranumberofhonors.The“queenofmelons”becameanacademicianwiththeChineseAcademyofEngineeringin1999andanhonorarycitizenofSanyain2004.35．WhydidWuMingzhumainlywanttogrowhighendmelons?A．BecauseshewantedtomakeChinathelargestproducerofmelons.B．BecauseChinaisthelargestconsumerofmelonsintheworld.C．Becauseshewantedtocreatesomethingthatcouldservepeople.D．BecauseChinesegovernmentaskedhertogrowhighqualitymelons.36．WhatcanwelearnaboutfromParagraph4?A．Wuandherteamcultivatedmelonvarietiesthatcouldresisteverydisease.B．Wuandherteamcultivatedhighqualitymelonsfromthenewgermplasmresources.C．Wuandherteamcultivated30watermelonvarietiesfromradiationmutationbreeding.D．Wuandherteamcultivatedmelonvarietiesthatcouldadapttoanycircumstance.37．WhichofthefollowingaboutWuMingzhuisnottruefromthetext?A．Shehascultivatedmorethan20,000ofChina’snewseedvarieties.B．Sheismittedtoherworkandmakesremarkableachievements.C．ShehelpsmakeChinathelargestproduceroffruitintheworldin2018.D．Sheisawardedanumberofhonorarytitlesduetohercontributions.38．Whattypeisthetext?A．Adiaryentry. B．Abookreview.C．Aphysicist’sstory. D．Anewsreport.31．A32．B33．D34．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了女科學(xué)家阿達(dá)·洛芙萊斯的主要事跡，展現(xiàn)了她對科學(xué)知識的熱愛。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Tostopthisfromhappening,Adawasforcedbyhermothertolearnscienceandmathematicswhichwasunusualforwomenatthetime.(為了阻止這種情況的發(fā)生，艾達(dá)的母親強(qiáng)迫她學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)，這在當(dāng)時(shí)的女性中并不常見。)”可知，阿達(dá)的母親強(qiáng)迫她學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)知識。故選A。32．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Ada’smotherandfather(thefamouspoetLordGeorgeGordonByron)partedjustweeksaftershewasborn.Hermotherfearedhergrowingupwithherfather’schangeablenature.Tostopthisfromhappening,Adawasforcedbyhermothertolearnscienceandmathematicswhichwasunusualforwomenatthetime.(艾達(dá)的母親和父親(著名詩人喬治·戈登·拜倫勛爵)在她出生幾周后就分手了。她的母親擔(dān)心她在父親喜怒無常的性格下長大。為了阻止這種情況的發(fā)生，艾達(dá)的母親強(qiáng)迫她學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)，這在當(dāng)時(shí)的女性中并不常見。)”可知，阿達(dá)的父親是英國詩人拜倫。她的父母分開之后，她的母親不愿阿達(dá)繼承拜倫身上感性、多變的特質(zhì)，于是她強(qiáng)迫阿達(dá)學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)，并對她嚴(yán)格要求。對于母親的想法，阿達(dá)了然于心。劃線處與上文中的“keepingthecreativesideofherfromgerminating(讓她的創(chuàng)造力無法萌發(fā))”為順承關(guān)系，目的是為了引出阿達(dá)說的話“如果不讓我學(xué)習(xí)詩歌，那么至少讓我學(xué)習(xí)富有詩意的科學(xué)”。結(jié)合上文中提到的阿達(dá)對數(shù)學(xué)表現(xiàn)出了濃厚的興趣，我們可以推斷，阿達(dá)將poetry和science進(jìn)行比較，說明她認(rèn)為科學(xué)如詩歌般具有創(chuàng)造性。故選B。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Attractedbythisidea,Adabeganaperiodofletterwritingwithhimthatwouldetodecideherprofessionallife.(被這個(gè)想法吸引，阿達(dá)開始和他一起寫信，后來決定了她的職業(yè)生涯。)”可知，阿達(dá)與查爾斯·巴貝奇針對科學(xué)知識展開的交流一定程度上決定了阿達(dá)以后的職業(yè)生涯。故選D。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shenotonlytranslatedthearticlebutaddedpagesandpagesofnotes,calculationsandinnovations(創(chuàng)新).(她不僅翻譯了這篇文章，還添加了一頁又一頁的注釋、計(jì)算和創(chuàng)新。)”可知，她不僅翻譯了學(xué)術(shù)文章，并加注了很多自己原創(chuàng)的見解。故選C。35．C36．B37．A38．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。該篇新聞報(bào)道了我國西瓜女王吳明珠院士生平以及其培育如今市面上出現(xiàn)的各個(gè)西瓜品種的貢獻(xiàn)。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Andshethoughtthemostbeautifulthinginlifeisthateverythingyoucreatecanservethepeople,soshemadeeffortstogrowqualitymelons,whichbeganpayingoffin1973.”（她認(rèn)為生活中最美好的事情是你所創(chuàng)造的一切都能為人民服務(wù)，所以她努力種植優(yōu)質(zhì)甜瓜，并于1973年開始獲得回報(bào)。）可知，吳明珠院士之所以培育一些高端的瓜果主要是因?yàn)樗雱?chuàng)造出一些能給人們提供服務(wù)，這是她認(rèn)為最美好的事情。C項(xiàng)“Becauseshewantedtocreatesomethingthatcouldservepeople.”（因?yàn)樗雱?chuàng)造一些能為人們服務(wù)的東西）符合原文表述，故選C項(xiàng)。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段中“Wuandherteamdevelopednewgermplasm（種質(zhì)）resources,fromwhichtheycultivatedmorethan30watermelonandmuskmelon（香瓜）varietieswithbetteradaptabilityandstrongerdiseaseresistance”（吳和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了新的種質(zhì)資源，從中培育了30多個(gè)適應(yīng)性更好、抗病性更強(qiáng)的西瓜和甜瓜品種）可知，吳明珠院士和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員通過germplasmresources培育出了超過30種擁有更好的適應(yīng)能力和更強(qiáng)的抗病能力的西瓜和香瓜。B項(xiàng)“Wuandherteamcultivatedhighqualitymelonsfromthenewgermplasmresources”（吳和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)從新的種質(zhì)資源中培育出高質(zhì)量的甜瓜）符合原文表述，故選B項(xiàng)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段中“Sheisoneofthe8,000agriculturalscientistswhohaveetoHainanannuallyfromacrossthecountryoverthepast60yearsandhavecultivated（培育）morethan20,000ofChina'snewseedvarietiesthroughoffseasonbreeding.”（她是過去60年來每年從全國各地來到海南的8000名農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家之一，通過淡季育種培育了2萬多個(gè)中國新種子品種。）可知，超過20,000種新型種子是由8000多個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家培育出來的。A項(xiàng)“Shehascultivatedmorethan20,000ofChina’snewseedvarieties.”（她培育了2萬多個(gè)中國新種子品種）符合原文表述，故選A項(xiàng)。38．推理判斷題。瀏覽文章可知，文章主要介紹了“我國西瓜女王吳明珠院士生平以及其培育如今市面上出現(xiàn)的各個(gè)西瓜品種的貢獻(xiàn)”，所以推測，這是一篇介紹名人事跡的傳記類的新聞報(bào)道類文章。D項(xiàng)“Anewsreport.”（新聞報(bào)道。）符合推測，故選D項(xiàng)。三、完形填空Manychildrenmaybefondofanimals,butfeweverthinkofmakingthestudyofanimalsastheircareer.Evenfewerwillbe39bythewholeworld,enjoyingthetitleofUnitedNationsMessenger(使者)ofPeace.Butonewomanhas40allthat.ShehaslivedwithchimpsintheAfricanforestformanyyearsandmadegreatdiscoveries.JaneGoodall’slifelong41inanimalsbeganatanearlyage.Bytheageof10or11,Goodall42goingtoAfricatolivewithanimals.Thiswasquiteastrangedreaminthosedays,asyounggirlsdidn’tthinkofhavingsuch“wild”actions.Butshewas43byhermother.Shetoldherthatifshereallywantedsomething,sheshouldworkhard,takeadvantageof44andnevergiveuplookingforaway.WhenaclosefriendinvitedGoodalltoKenyain1957,shereadily45it.Withinafewmonthsofherarrival,shemetthefamousanthropologist(人類學(xué)家)DrLouisLeakey,whosoondecidedthatGoodallwasthe46personhewaslookingfortobegina47ofwildchimpsontheshoreofLakeTanganyikainTanzania.Inthebeginning,studyingthechimpswasnoteasyforher.Theanimalsfledfromher48.Withastrong49,shesearchedtheforesteveryday,tryingnottogettooclosetothechimpstoosoon.Graduallythechimpsbecameusedtoherpresence.InOctober1960,sheobservedachimpmakingandusing50tofishfortermites(白蟻).Thisdiscoverythrew51onthepopularideaatthetimethatmanwastheworld’sonlytoolmaker.ThelongerGoodall’sresearchcontinues,themoreitbeesobviousthatchimpsarevery52tohumans.Sincethemid1980s,Goodallhasbeenlecturingaroundtheworldtoraisepeople’ssenseaboutenvironmental53.“Let’sliveinthenewagewithhope,respectforalllivingthings,understandingandlove.”shesaid.39．A．recognised B．known C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．a(chǎn)dmitted40．A．done B．proved C．a(chǎn)chieved D．realised41．A．study B．interest C．sense D．dream42．A．wasfondof B．wastiredof C．insistedon D．dreamedof43．A．encouraged B．prevented C．a(chǎn)dvised D．forced44．A．knowledge B．youth C．hope D．chances45．A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．refused C．received D．considered46．A．only B．last C．special D．first47．A．project B．study C．centre D．career48．A．insurprise B．inahurry C．a(chǎn)sexpected D．infear49．A．will B．body C．desire D．mind50．A．nets B．tools C．holes D．spoons51．A．doubt B．light C．questions D．beliefs52．A．close B．similar C．friendly D．helpful53．A．improvement B．protection C．pollution D．destruction語法填空ZuChongzhiwasafamousandremarkablemathematicianandscientistinancientChina.HelivedintheNorthernandSouthernDynasties.Whenhewasyoung,hehad54broadrangeofinterests,suchas55(nature)scienceandphilosophy.Andhewasinterestedinmathematics,astronomyandmachinery.TheachievementZuChongzhimadeinthecalculation(計(jì)算)ofthevalueofpihasbeen56(international)acknowledged.LiuHui,amathematicianintheWeiandJinDynasties,proposedaway57(work)outthevalueofpi—thecyclotomicmethod(割圓術(shù)).Basedontheearlierresearch,ZuChongzhicametotheconclusionthatthevalueofpifallsbetween3.1415926and3.1415927aftermorethan1,00058(time)ofcalculation.Healso59(put)forwardtheviewpointthattheapproximatevalueofpiis355/113,whichiscalled“milü”.Itboostedthecalculationofpitoanewphase.Itwasmorethan1,000yearsbeforetheWesternmathematicianscalculatedthesamevalue.Thusthevalueofpiisalsocalled“zulü”60memoryofhim.Besidestheachievementinmathematics,hewrotethebookZhuiShu,61gatheredhisacplishmentsinmathematicsand62(take)asateachingmaterialduringtheTangDynasty.Andhealsomadeagreat63(contribute)toastronomyandmachinery.39．A40．C41．B42．D43．A44．D45．A46．C47．B48．D49．A50．B51．A52．B53．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，主要講述了JaneGoodall的事跡——她喜歡動(dòng)物，將研究動(dòng)物作為自己的事業(yè)，并取得了一些成就。39．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：更少會有人將得到全世界的承認(rèn)，享有聯(lián)合國和平使者的稱號。A.recognized承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可，贊賞；B.known知道；C.accepted接受；D.admitted（勉強(qiáng)）承認(rèn)，招認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“bythewholeworld,enjoyingthetitleofUnitedNationsMessenger(使者)ofPeace”可知，喜歡動(dòng)物的孩子有很多，但很少會將研究動(dòng)物作為職業(yè)，而將研究動(dòng)物作為職業(yè)，并且取得成就，進(jìn)而為整個(gè)世界所認(rèn)可的就更少了。故選A項(xiàng)。40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了這一切。A.done做；B.proved證明；C.achieved完成，達(dá)到；D.realised意識到。But前后形成對比關(guān)系，上文提到很少有人能做到的事情，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)JaneGoodall做到了，“被全世界認(rèn)可和享有聯(lián)合國和平使者的頭銜”這些都是非凡的成就，是她做到了這一切。故選C。41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：珍·古道爾在很小的時(shí)候就對動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生了畢生的興趣。A.study研究，學(xué)習(xí)；B.interest興趣；C.sense感覺；D.dream夢想。根據(jù)下文中“Thiswasquiteastrangedreaminthosedays(這在當(dāng)時(shí)是一個(gè)相當(dāng)奇怪的夢想)”可知珍·古道爾在很小的時(shí)候就對動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生了畢生的興趣。故選B。42．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在10歲或11歲的時(shí)候，簡夢想著去非洲和動(dòng)物們生活在一起。A.wasfondof喜歡；B.wastiredof對……感到厭倦；C.insistedon堅(jiān)持；D.dreamedof夢想。根據(jù)“Thiswasquiteastrangedream”可知，Jane夢想著去非洲和動(dòng)物們在一起。故選D。43．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但她的母親鼓勵(lì)她追尋夢想。A.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；B.prevented阻止；C.advised建議；D.forced迫使，強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)下文“Shetoldherthatifshereallywantedsomething,sheshouldworkhard,takeadvantageofchancesandnevergiveuplookingforaway.(她告訴她，如果她真的想要什么，她應(yīng)該努力工作，抓住機(jī)會，永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄尋找方法)”可知，母親鼓勵(lì)她去追尋夢想。故選A。44．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她告訴她，如果她真的想要什么，她應(yīng)該努力工作，抓住機(jī)會，永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄尋找方法。A.knowledge知識；B.youth青年，青春；C.hope希望；D.chances機(jī)會。根據(jù)上文“sheshouldworkhard,takeadvantageof”可知，母親鼓勵(lì)她，如果想要什么，就要努力，充分利用機(jī)會，不放棄。故選D項(xiàng)。45．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1957年，一位密友邀請簡去肯尼亞，她欣然接受了邀請。A.accepted接受；B.refused拒絕；C.received接收；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)下文“Withinafewmonthsofherarrival”可知，Jane欣然接受了朋友的邀請。故選A。46．考查副詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她到達(dá)后的幾個(gè)月內(nèi)，她遇到了著名的人類學(xué)家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就認(rèn)定簡是他要尋找的特別的人，開始對坦桑尼亞坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩進(jìn)行研究。A.only僅僅；B.last最后；C.special特別的；D.first第一。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Jane一直以來的夢想是和動(dòng)物生活在一起，而在當(dāng)時(shí)的人看來是奇怪的，因此路易斯·李基博士認(rèn)為她是特別的人。故選C。47．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她到達(dá)后的幾個(gè)月內(nèi)，她遇到了著名的人類學(xué)家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就認(rèn)定簡是他要尋找的特別的人，開始對坦桑尼亞坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩進(jìn)行研究。A.project工程；B.study研究；C.centre中心；D.career職業(yè)生涯。根據(jù)后文“Inthebeginning,studyingthechimps”可知，此處表示開始了對黑猩猩的研究。故選B。48．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：動(dòng)物們害怕地逃離了她。A.insurprise驚奇地；B.inahurry匆忙地；C.asexpected不出所料，正如預(yù)期的；D.infear唯恐，害怕。根據(jù)下文“Graduallythechimpsbecameusedtoherpresence.(漸漸地，黑猩猩們習(xí)慣了她的存在)”可知，一開始由于不熟悉，黑猩猩因?yàn)楹ε绿幼吡恕９蔬xD。49．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：憑著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，她每天都在森林里搜尋，盡量不過早地靠近黑猩猩。A.will意志力；B.body身體；C.desire渴望；D.mind思考能力，思維方式。根據(jù)“shesearchedtheforesteveryday”可知，雖然剛開始研究并不順利，但是Jane有著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志。故選A。50．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1960年10月，她觀察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕魚白蟻。A.nets網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)狀物；B.tools工具；C.holes洞；D.spoons勺子。根據(jù)下文中“thatmanwastheworld'sonlytoolmaker”可知，設(shè)空處對應(yīng)的信息詞是toolmaker，tool符合語境。故選B。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對人類是世界上唯一的工具制造者這一普遍觀點(diǎn)提出了質(zhì)疑。A.doubt疑惑；B.light光；C.questions問題；D.beliefs信念。throwdoubton是固定短語，意為“對……產(chǎn)生疑問”，符合語境。故選A。52．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：簡的研究進(jìn)行得越久，黑猩猩與人類的相似之處就越明顯。A.close親密的；B.similar相似的；C.friendly友好的；D.helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)上文“InOctober1960,sheobservedachimpmakingandusingtoolstofishfortermites(1960年10月，她觀察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕魚白蟻)”可知，隨著研究的深入，她發(fā)現(xiàn)黑猩猩與人類的相似之處。故選B。53．考查名詞辨析。句意：自20世紀(jì)80年代中期以來，Goodall一直在世界各地演講，以提高人們的環(huán)保意識。A.improvement改善；B.protection保護(hù)；C.pollution污染；D.destruction破壞。根據(jù)后文“Let’sliveinthenewagewithhope,respectforalllivingthings,understandingandlove.(讓我們懷著希望、尊重一切生物、理解和愛生活在新時(shí)代)”以及結(jié)合上下文，她研究的是動(dòng)物，她演講中呼吁大家尊重所有的生物（包括動(dòng)物），保護(hù)所有生物，以及他們的生存環(huán)境。同時(shí)結(jié)合常識判斷，這里她是通過自己的演講提升人們的環(huán)保意識。故選B。54．a(chǎn)55．natural56．internationally57．towork58．times59．put60．in61．which62．wastaken63．contribution【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇人物介紹。文章主要介紹了祖沖之精確了圓周率，其成就得到了國際認(rèn)可。并在數(shù)學(xué)、天文、機(jī)械方面有所造詣。54．考查冠詞。句意：他年輕時(shí)，興趣廣泛，如自然科學(xué)和哲學(xué)。arangeof表示“各種各樣的……”，符合句意，故填a。55．考查形容詞。句意：他年輕時(shí)，興趣廣泛，如自然科學(xué)和哲學(xué)。根據(jù)science可知此處要加形容詞作定語，nature的形容詞是natural。故填natural。56．考查副詞。句意：祖沖之在計(jì)算圓周率（π）方面的成就已經(jīng)得到了國際認(rèn)可。設(shè)空處修飾hasbeenacknowledged，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，故填internationally。57．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：魏晉時(shí)期的數(shù)學(xué)家劉徽提出了一種計(jì)算圓周率的方法——割圓術(shù)。way意為“方法”時(shí)后用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，故填towork