新教材英語專題01 陳述句

專題01《陳述句》【考點(diǎn)精講】概念意義：陳述句主要是用來陳述事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)，傳遞信息，提供情況。陳述句又分為肯定的陳述句和否定的陳述句，簡稱為肯定句(TheAffirmativeSentence)和否定句(TheNegativeSentence)兩種。陳述句在書寫時(shí)句末有句號(hào)，而在朗讀時(shí)則用降調(diào)。例句：ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsia.中國是亞洲最大的國家。Ididn'ttellhimanything.我什么也沒有告訴他?？隙ň涓姆穸ň涞姆椒谠E一找（be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞），二不（not）句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can時(shí)。句中既沒be動(dòng)詞也沒情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can時(shí)。主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)，does來幫忙。若不是，找do幫忙。do或does后直接再加not.就可以注意，some要改成any口訣詮釋：1、在be動(dòng)詞后加not。如：isnot，arenot，amnot，wasnot，werenot；2、在can，should，will等后加not。如：cannot，shouldnot，willnot；3、上述都沒有的，在動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞否定形式don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。4、some改成any?？隙ň涓囊话阋蓡柧涞姆椒谠E“是”“情”“助”提句首，沒有它們do和does來當(dāng)，三單形式要還原。some改成any,第一人稱變第二人稱。最后句號(hào)改問句莫忘記。一般回答在句首，Yes或No先用上。口訣詮釋：1、把be動(dòng)詞放在句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，my改成your等）句點(diǎn)改成問號(hào)。2、把can，shall，will等放到句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，my改成your等）句點(diǎn)改成問號(hào)。例如：陳述句:Theyareinthepark.Hecanplaytheguitar..一般疑問句:Aretheyinthepark?例如：陳述句:Iliketheducks.Helikesthedogs.一般疑問句：Doyouliketheducks?Doeshelikethedogs?Canheplaytheguitar?肯定句改特殊疑問句的方法——四步法1、在一般疑問句的基礎(chǔ)上，句首添加一個(gè)疑問詞即可，可根據(jù)劃線部分確定是什么疑問詞。2、接著找be動(dòng)詞或can，shall，will等放在疑問詞后面，若沒有則請(qǐng)助動(dòng)詞do/does/did幫忙，寫在疑問詞后面，howmany除外，必須先寫物品，再寫be動(dòng)詞等。3、劃線部分去掉后剩下的內(nèi)容照抄，（some改成any，my改成your等）4、句點(diǎn)改成問號(hào)。關(guān)于特殊疑問詞組針對(duì)人提問（誰）who地點(diǎn)（何地）where時(shí)間（何時(shí)）whenwhattime方式方法程序（怎樣）how年齡howold可數(shù)名詞問多少Howmany不可數(shù)名詞問多少，多少錢Howmuch東西職業(yè)事物(什么)what顏色whatcolor班級(jí)whatclass年級(jí)whatgrade時(shí)間whattime選擇某個(gè)whichwhichclass陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換感嘆句：一、如何快速掌握感嘆句?學(xué)會(huì)分析五種基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感嘆句的關(guān)鍵，陳述句變感嘆句實(shí)際上就是句子成分位置的移動(dòng)。例1Sheissmilingsweetly.→Howsweetlysheissmiling!(移動(dòng)狀語)二、哪些句子成分可能會(huì)移動(dòng)位置?通過對(duì)句子成分的分析我們就可以確定哪個(gè)句子成分需要挪動(dòng)位置，一般說來含有形容詞的名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語需要變動(dòng)位置。位置可能會(huì)變動(dòng)的句子成分：賓語、表語和狀語。例2MrTurnertoldusafunnystory.→WhatafunnystoryMrTurnertoldus!(移動(dòng)賓語含有形容詞的名詞短語)三、如何確定使用what還是使用how?當(dāng)我們做句型變換或選擇題時(shí)需要自己確定到底是用what還是用how，一般可以這樣來確定：位于主語之前的是名詞短語時(shí)用what，是形容詞或副詞短語時(shí)用how。但這種格式例外:how+adj.+a/an+N例3Whatacoolbikeyouareriding!(acoolbike名詞短語)例4Howfastheisriding!(fast副詞)例5Howcoolabikeyouareriding!(how+adj.+a/an+N)四、如何判斷是否使用冠詞、使用什么樣的冠詞?名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式和不可數(shù)名詞之前不使用冠詞，以元音音素開頭的詞語之前用an，以輔音音素開頭的詞語之前用a。例6Whatbeautifulsunshineitistoday!(sunshine不可數(shù)名詞)例7Whatausefulbookthisis!(useful以輔音音素開頭)例8Whatanoldhousethatis!(old以元音音素開頭)五、感嘆句有哪幾種格式?簡單地說是“兩型七式”：兩種句型是以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型，七種格式是①what+a+adj.+N+S+V②what+an+adj.+N+S+V③what+adj.+N(不可數(shù))+S+V④what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V⑤how+adj.+S+V⑥how+adv.+S+V⑦h(yuǎn)ow+adj.+a/an+N+S+V例Whatexcitingnewsitis!(what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))例9Whatgoodteacherstheyare!(what+adj.+N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))例10Howwarmlytheyarediscussing!(how+adv.+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))例11Howbeautifulapictureitis!(how+adj.+a/an+N+S+V結(jié)構(gòu))六、以what開頭的句型和以how開頭的句型怎樣進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換?這兩種句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換主要是指以下兩種情況而言的:1.含有“a/an+adj.+N”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子方法是把形容詞單獨(dú)抽出來放在名詞短語的前面和how搭配使用。2.名詞短語作主語而表語是形容詞的句子方法是把主語當(dāng)作“a/an+adj.+N”結(jié)構(gòu)的中心名詞而用人稱代詞充當(dāng)主語。例12Whatanexpensiveglasshebroke!→Howexpensiveaglasshebroke!例13Howbeautifulthebirdsare!→whatbeautifulbirdstheyare!(說明：N代表名詞，未特別說明者代表可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，S代表主語，V代表動(dòng)詞)七、在感嘆句中哪些詞語常常省略?常常省略的是充當(dāng)主語的人稱代詞和動(dòng)詞be。例14Whatanaughtyboy!(省略了heis)八、有什么巧妙的辦法記住這些規(guī)律嗎?以上的解釋說明似乎很復(fù)雜，其實(shí)理清了思路、抓住了要領(lǐng)、掌握了規(guī)律并不是那么難的。為了便于同學(xué)們記憶我把以上規(guī)律編成了一段順口溜，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們對(duì)照閱讀。陳述句述事實(shí)，感嘆句表感情。陳述變成感嘆句，主謂系表先分清。賓語狀語移句首，表語亦須打頭陣。名詞之前用what，形副之前how先行。復(fù)數(shù)名詞無冠詞，事先分析莫輕心。如果名詞不可數(shù)，摒棄a,an不留情。冠詞a,an要分明，清音輔音是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)亦變更。總結(jié)規(guī)律進(jìn)步快，編個(gè)歌訣給你聽?？隙ň渥兎穸ň涞姆椒ǎ?.be動(dòng)詞的否定式be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)不同的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)有不同的形式，在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中是am,is,are可用作聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成否定式時(shí)，一律在其后面加否定詞not.Heisreading.Heisnotreading.TheyarefromChina.TheyarenotfromChina.2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是在其后面直接加not.如：Icanswim.Ican’tswim.Hecandance.Hecan’tdance.Youshouldgotoschoolatseven.Youshouldn’tgotoschoolatseven.3.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的否定句實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變否定句時(shí)，要借助助動(dòng)詞do,does，在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中用do或者does其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+don’t/doesn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它例如：Ilikepopmusic.Idon’tlikepopmusic.Helikesrunning.Hedoesn’tlikerunning.Shedoesherhomeworkathome.Shedoesn’tdoherhomeworkathome陳述句由直接引語變間接引語：將直接引語變?yōu)橛蓆hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句跟在引述動(dòng)詞之后(that也可省略)。如：“Idon’tloveher.”hesays.他說。如：“我不愛她?！薄鶫esaysthathedoesn’tloveher.他說他不愛她。注意：(1)若引述動(dòng)詞用的是saytosb，則通常改為tellsb。如：“It’sasecret.”hesaidtome.他對(duì)我說。如：“這是秘密?！薄鶫etoldmethatitwasasecret.他對(duì)我說那是秘密。(2)若直接引語是兩個(gè)并列的陳述句，要注意在第二個(gè)賓語從句前加連詞that。如：Hesays,“IlikesingingandIwanttobeasinger.”他說。如：“我喜歡唱歌，我想當(dāng)歌手?！薄鶫esaysthathelikessingingandthathewantedtobeasinger.他說他喜歡唱歌，想當(dāng)歌手。在此種情況下，引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)賓語從句的that有時(shí)可以省略，但引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)賓語從句的that通常不省略，以免誤解?！镜漕}突破】一、單選題（共8題；共16分）1.Listen!Thebirds.Amy,too.A.sing;sing B.aresing;issing C.singing;singing D.aresinging;issinging2.—WhatshouldIdo？—____________________.A.Yes. B.Youshouldwearwarmclothes C.Youaregreat3.—Whereyoujustnow?—Iinthelibrary.A.Was;were B.are;was C.were;was D.was;was4.A:wasyourweekend?B:Itwasabusyone.A.What B.How C.When5.Aplaneisflyingthecity.A.On B.behind C.above D.under6.IlikeinthelakeinSummer.A.swimming B.swiming C.swim D.swims7.Thatisa.A.Beijingofpicture B.Beijing'spicture C.pictureofBeijing D.pictureBeijing8.TomorrowIgotoShanghai_____plane.A.On B.by C.in二、判斷題（共8題；共16分）9.XiaofeiandIareplayingchess.10.Sheplayedonthebeach.11.—Whereisthebookstore?—It'sneartheschool.12.Iwenttothebookstoreyesterday．13.Hewantedtoplaybasketball.14.Sheis1.35metres.15.—Doyouoftengotoschoolbybike?—Yes,Ido.16.Studentswillhavelessonsonline.三、填空題（共8題；共14分）17.China'NationalDayisonOctoberthe________．18.Whattimedoesthepartybegin?________19.Mr.Johncan________(make)cakes.20.將語句與圖片配對(duì)。(1)BobisheavierthanPeter．________(2)Icleanedmyroomyesterdayafternoon．________(3)JennyhadacoldlastMonday．________(4)Timrodeahorselastsummerholiday．________(5)Thereisanewgyminourschool．________PeterBobABCDE21.Howmanycomputerscanyouwatchinthepicture?________22.Ilike________(oranges,banana).23.Theman________abook________hishandismyuncle.Thebookis________science.24.—WhichisthelongestriverinGuangDongProvince?—________四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換（共10題；共29分）25.Ivisitedmyaunt.（變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌___________________26.Tomgoestoworkonfoot.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)__________________________27.Theyknewhowtohelpher.（改為否定句）__________________________28.Hecatchesbadpeople.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?9.按要求改寫句子。（1）Ilikesweetricedumplings.Idon’tlikesaltyricedumplings.(用but連成一句話)（2）Mylittlebrothercanswimandskate.(變成否定句)（3）LastSundayweflewkitesinthepark.(就劃線部分提問)30.Ihadacoldyesterday．(改為一般疑問句)________you________acoldyesterday?31.Ibuygiftsformymum．(改為一般過去式)I________giftsformymumlastweek．32.Iworkonthebus(對(duì)劃線部分提問)______________________________________33.Imeetmyfriend.(用lastyear改寫句子)______________________________________34.Anoldwomaniscrossingtheroad.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）______________________________________五、選詞填空（詞匯運(yùn)用）（共8題；共19分）35.We________(should／could)stop________(cutting／cut)downsomanytrees．36.讀句子，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組完成句子。morethanhavingabarbecueindangeronfootkeepquiet（1）Look!Thepeopleare________.Wemusthelpthem.（2）Thereare________fiftypupilsintheclassroom.（3）Iusuallygotoschool________.（4）Wemust________inthelibrary.（5）________ismyfavouriteoutdooractivity.37.選詞填空（1）—Doyouhave________shorts?—Yes,Ihave________shorts.（2）Ihave________milkforbreakfast.ButIdon'thave________juice.（3）Dannyishungry.Hewouldlike________donuts.（4）Iamthirsty.Iwouldlike________water.（5）—Wouldyoulike________tea?—No,thanks.38.IliveonChangchunRoad．TheGreensaremy________(neighbour／neighbours)．39.I________(feel，feels，feeling)sick.40.I'm________(running,runing)intheriver.41.Ihavesomee—friendsindifferent________(country／countries)．42.Mytemperature(溫度)is39℃.Ihavea________(fever,toothache.)六、連詞成句（共8題；共60分）43.swimming,he,doing,kungfu,likes,and(連詞成句)______________________________44.連詞成句。（1）was,all,It,dream,a.(!)_______________________________________（2）so,now,slow,Why,am,I.(?)_______________________________________（3）last,I,dream,night,had,a.(.)_______________________________________（4）cheetah,WuYifan,a,ran,like.(.)_______________________________________（5）do,There,nothing,was,they,could.(.)_______________________________________45.連詞成句。（1）tall,is,how,boy,the(?)______________________________（2）does,how,Mike,feel(?)______________________________（3）did,Sarah,what,do,night,last(?)______________________________46.連詞成句。（1）likes,he,listening,music,to(.)___________________________________（2）did,you,there,how,go(?)_______________________________________（3）I,than,younger,am,you(.)______________________________________47.last；washed；room；I；Saturday；clothes；and；cleaned；(．)______________________________________48.by,he,goes,work,to,bike(.)______________________________________49.the,he,mice,chases(.)______________________________________50.went，by，there，we，plane(．)______________________________________

專題01《陳述句》【參考答案】一、單選題12345678DBCBCACB二、判斷題910111213141516錯(cuò)誤正確正確錯(cuò)誤正確錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤正確三、填空題17.【答案】first18.【答案】Thepartybeginsat7：00.19.【答案】make20.【答案】D；E；B；C；A21.【答案】watch錯(cuò)誤,改為see22.【答案】oranges23.【答案】with；in；about24.【答案】ThePearlRiver四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換25.【答案】Didyouvisityouraunt?26.【答案】HowdoesTomgotowork?27.【答案】Theydidn'tknowhowtohelpher.28.【答案】Hedoesn'tcatchbadpeople.29.【答案】（1）Ilikes