自考英語（一）模擬試卷2（共459題）

自考英語（一）模擬試卷2（共9套）（共459題）自考英語（一）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀判斷(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)WorriesofWritersItistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore.Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite,itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage.IamsurprisedatthenumberoffamouswritersIknowwhosaythattheysodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers'opinions.Onereasonwemaydislikereadingourownworkisthatwe'reoftendisappointedthattherichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown.JerryFodorandStevenPinkersuggestthatthisfactmaybearesultofhowourmindswork.Differentfrompopularbelief,wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguagebutinsymbolsforideas[knownas"mentalese"(心理語)].Andwritingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage.Butwhilementalesecontainsourthoughtsintheformofacomplextapestry(織錦),writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime.Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple.Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducenewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.Whenpeoplewriteasifsomestrictcritics(批評家)arelookingovertheirshoulder,theyaresoworriedaboutwhatthiscriticmightsaythattheygetstuckbeforetheyevenstart.PeterElbowmakesanexcellentsuggestiontodealwiththisproblem.Whenwritingweshouldhavetwodifferentminds.Atthefirststage,weshouldseeeveryidea,aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit,aswonderfulandworthputtingdown.Itisonlyduringrewritesthatweshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses.1、Ifyouwanttocreateabetterwriting,youshouldrewriteformanytimes.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷如果想要寫一篇較好的文章是否需要改寫很多遍。文章第一段提到“Itistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore”，由此可以判斷要想寫出好文章，改寫很多遍是十分必要的，所以題干中的信息是正確的。2、Whatyouhavewrittenattheearlystageisoftenforgottensothewritersneedtoreaditagainandagain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：C知識點解析：題干要求判斷早期寫出的東西是否常常會被忘記所以作家需要反復地讀。文章第一段中提到了“Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite，itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage”，意思是“為了激發(fā)對改寫文章的興趣，學著喜歡你早期寫的東西是很重要的”，但是并沒有告訴我們早期寫出的東西常常會被忘記，所以作家需要反復地讀。因此，無法判斷題干是否正確。3、Allthefamouswriterslovereadingtheirownwritingandthepublishers’opinions.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷知名的作家是否都喜歡讀自己寫的東西和出版商的意見。文章中第二段談到了這個細節(jié)，這些知名作家“sodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers’opinions”，這和題干中的表述正好相反，所以題干是錯誤的。4、Whenyoufirstbegintowrite,yourmindsandideasseemquitethinandplain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：隧題干要求判斷剛開始寫的時候你的想法和觀點是否很局限和簡單。第二段提到“therichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown”，意思是“在剛開始寫的時候，我們腦子中的想法是非常局限和簡單的”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。5、Weusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage,justlikethepopularbelief.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷我們是否像流行觀念那樣通常用普通語言中的詞匯和句子來思考。第三段第一句話就提到“Differentfrompopularbelief，wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage”。而題干中的信息是“我們常常用普通語言中的詞和句子來思考”，所以題干表述是錯誤的。6、Whenwewritedownourideas,whatwedoisjustlikeweaving,onethreadatatime.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷當我們把想法記下來時我們所做的是否像織布一樣每次一條線。我們可以在第三段中找到原句“writingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage…writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime”，所以可以判斷題干是正確的。7、Ourfirstattemptatexpressingideasisalwaysverycomplex.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷我們第一次嘗試表達的觀點是否通常都是非常復雜的。第三段講到了作家創(chuàng)作作品時的思維過程，提到了“Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple”，意思是“因此，我們第一次嘗試表達觀點應該是很簡單的，對此不應該感到吃驚”。所以題干表述是錯誤的。8、Somestrictcriticsliketolookoverthewriter’sshoulders.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：C知識點解析：題干要求判斷一些苛刻的批評家是否喜歡監(jiān)視作家的寫作。最后一段提到了當人們進行寫作時“asifsomestrictcriticsarelookingovertheirshoulder”，但是并沒有告訴我們這些苛刻的，批評家是否喜歡監(jiān)視作家的寫作，所以無法判斷題干是否正確。9、Atthefirststage,thewritersshouldthinkeveryideaandeverywordarewonderfulandworthputtingalldown.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷在第一階段作家是否應該認為每個想法和每個詞語都是很棒的并值得把它們都記錄下來。最后一段中作者提到了一個建議，應該把寫作分為兩個階段。在第一個階段，“weshouldseeeveryidea，aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit，aswonderfulandworthputtingdown”，意思是“我們應該認為每個想法，以及我們用來表達這個想法的每個詞語都是很棒的，并值得把它們都記下來”，所以題干是正確的。10、Atthesecondstage,thewritersshouldrewriteandputmorenewideasintothewriting.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷在第二個階段作家是否應該改寫文章并在文章中加入更多新的想法。文章最后一句提到，在第二個階段，“weshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses”，也就是說，我們應該檢查第一階段寫的內容和錯誤的地方，而不用再加入更多新的想法，所以題干是錯誤的。二、閱讀選擇(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)NaturalFoodsIncreasingly,overthepasttenyears,peopleespeciallyyoungpeoplehavebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Consequently,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods.Naturalfoods,forexample,arevegetable,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganism(有機物).Insimpleterms,thismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourished(滋養(yǎng))byunusedvegetablematter,whichprovidesitwithessentialvitamins(維生素)andminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers(肥料),themainpurposeofwhichistoincreasethequantitybutnotthequalityoffoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthyfarms.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry(家禽:therearebatteryfarms,forexample,wherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfood;theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Take,forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood.Althoughanaturalalternative,suchashoney,canbeusedtosweetenfoodifthisisnecessary,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!Yetallitdoesisprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals,andnofiber.11、Whydopeoplenowprefernaturalfoods?A、Becausetheygrowfastandcostless.B、Becausetheyfitpeople’seatinghabits.C、Becausetheyaregoodtopeople’shealth.D、Becausetheyaresimplyprocessedfoods.標準答案：C知識點解析：根據題干中prefernaturalfoods，可定位至文章第一段?！癈onsequently，therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods．”Consequently是一個信號詞，是“因此，所以”的意思，答案自然在它前面。前一句提到：particularlyprocessedfoods，isnotgoodforthehealth。由此可以看出，人們喜歡naturalfoods的原因，就是itisgoodforthehealth。因此該題正確答案為C。12、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2?A、Fertilizersareimportantingrowingnaturalfoods.B、Soilfornaturalfoodsusuallylacksorganicmatter.C、Naturalfoodsaregrownincommercialfarmingareas.D、Chemicalsareusedtoincreasethequantityoffoodsgrown.標準答案：D知識點解析：這一題我們就完全可以根據生活常識來做出選擇。選項A中的fertilizer和naturalfoods的種植明顯背道而馳，錯；選項B與原文的說法正好相反，錯；由第二段可知，天然食品不是種植在商業(yè)化種植區(qū)里，所以選項C也錯。這段的最后一句提到：人們使用化肥的主要目的是增加商業(yè)化種植區(qū)域里農作物的產量，而不是提高質量。因此該題正確答案為D。13、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardschickensfedonbatteryfarms?A、Supportive.B、Doubtful.C、Hopeful.D、Negative.標準答案：D知識點解析：根據題目中chickensfedonbatteryfarms，可定位至第三段。通讀第三段可知，作者的態(tài)度是否定的。14、Whatisthemostimportantpointthewriterwantstomakeaboutsugar?A、Peopleuseittosweetenfood.B、Itgivesusmuch-neededenergy.C、Peopletaketoomuchofit.D、Itisactuallyakindofhoney.標準答案：C知識點解析：根據題目中關鍵詞sugar，可快速定位至文章最后一段第五句話“Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself．ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!”可知，糖本身無害，而是人們吃得太多了。因此該題正確答案為C。15、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"diet"(Para.4)?A、Food.B、Rice.C、Animal.D、Agriculture.標準答案：A知識點解析：本文從一開始就沒離開過“food”，最后一段第一句話中又有healthyeating的字樣。根據上下文，不難猜出答案是A。三、概括段落大意和補全句子(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)EnergyCycle①Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.②Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.③Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues(自言自語)as:"Getup,John!You‘llbelateforworkagain!"ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.④Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract(對抗)y°urcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou’llgetupsteam(鼓起干勁)andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.⑤Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.Task1A.PossibleExplanationB.CounteractingYourCycleC.Introducing"EnergyCycle"D.RelationsBetweenBodyTemperatureandEnergyE.MakeYourLifeFittheEnergyCycleF.OtherMeasurestoWorkBetter16、Paragraph①______FORMTEXT標準答案：C知識點解析：文中第一段提出問題，并給出了可能的答案——“adailyenergycycle”。故答案為C。17、Paragraph②______FORMTEXT標準答案：D知識點解析：從第二段開始便提出了一種現(xiàn)象；接下來給出結論：你體溫最高時正是精力最充沛之時；緊接著又列舉了不同人的情況來說明這種關系。故答案為D。18、Paragraph③______FORMTEXT標準答案：A知識點解析：第三段第一句指出沒有人能解釋第二段中提出的現(xiàn)象，而第二句就提出可能的解釋。故答案為A。19、Paragraph④______FORMTEXT標準答案：E知識點解析：第四段第一、二句為本段中心句，接下來詳細論述如何使自己更適應能量周期。故答案為E。20、Paragraph⑤______FORMTEXT標準答案：F知識點解析：最后一段緊接著第四段的措施，又講了其他一些可以使身體適應能量周期的辦法。故答案為F。Task2A.adailyenergycycleB.atyourlowpointC.habituallystayinguplaterD.husbandsandwivesE.atitspeakF.yourenergycycle21、Dr.Kleitmanhasprovedthateveryonehas______.FORMTEXT標準答案：A知識點解析：根據文中第一段最后一句可知，Dr．Kleitman提出了一種解釋因早上起床困難而感到痛苦的新說法，那就是每個人都有能量周期。由此可以推斷出答案為A。22、Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureis______.FORMTEXT標準答案：E知識點解析：根據第二段第三句話，可以推斷出答案為E。23、Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhen______realizewhattheseenergycyclesmean.FORMTEXT標準答案：D知識點解析：第三段最后一句話舉出妻子和丈夫爭吵的例子，來說明能量周期的影響。由此可以推斷出答案為D。24、Youcanlearntomakeyourlifefit______better.FORMTEXT標準答案：F知識點解析：第四段第一句話提到，盡管你不能改變你的能量周期，但是你可以采取一些方法使自己更適應它。這里的it指的就是能量周期。由此可以推斷出答案為F。25、Ifyourisebeforeyourusualhour,you’llgetupsteamandworkbetter______.FORMTEXT標準答案：B知識點解析：從第四段最后兩句可知，你可以起得早一些，這些(包括前面提到的睡得晚一些)做法可以使你鼓足干勁，在你能量的低潮期工作得更好一些。由此可以推斷出答案為B。四、填句補文(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)HeritageHomeSchoolChildrenareourfuture,andit'suptoustoarmthemwiththetoolstosucceed.Sadly,today'schildrenarebeingarmedwithmoredangeroustoolslikeweapons,drugsandgangs.【B1】______Homeschoolsareavailabletogiveyouchoices.【B2】______AtHeritageHomeSchoolwebelievethechoiceshouldbeyours.Thanksinparttomoderntechnology,homeschoolinginformationisbecomingreadilyavailableacrossournation.ArecentstudybytheITBS(IowaTestsofBasicSkills)andTAP(TestsofAchievementandProficiency)showsusthatstudentsofhomeschoolsdoparticularlywellwhencomparedwiththenationwideaverage.【B3】______Ifyou'renewtohomeschooling,youmaybeaskingyourself,"Willhomeschoolsreallyworkformychildren?"【B4】______Thestudyfoundthatstudentsofhomeschoolingarescoring,onaverage,atorabovethe80thpercentile(百分位數)inallareasonstandardizedachievementtest.Thenationalaverageonstandardizedachievementtestsisthe50thpercentile.Collectively,thestaffatHeritageHomeSchoolbrings65yearsofexperienceinhomeschoolingcurriculum.【B5】______Onestudyfoundthatofthehomeschooledadults,0%wereunemployed,0%wereonwelfareand94%saidhomeeducationpreparedthemtobeindependentpersons.Formorehomeschoolinginformation,callustodayat1(877)532-7665.A.Homeschoolingprovidestop-qualityeducation,flexibility,andfreedomtocreateyourownschedule.B.We'veplacedstudentsinthetop2%ofthenationinmathandmanyaresuccessfullymovingontocollege.C.Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(隨機)selectionof1,516families.D.Oncearelativelypeacefulenvironment,manyschoolyardsoftodayarebecomingunsafeforbothstudentsandteachers.E.Ineverysubjectateverygradelevel,studentsofhomeschoolingscoredobviouslyhigherthanthoseinpublicandprivateschools.F.Wearecommittedtoofferawiderangeofthehighestqualityhomeschoolprograms.26、【B1】FORMTEXT標準答案：D知識點解析：第一段講述現(xiàn)在校園的安全問題。通過瀏覽全文及備選答案，可以看出D選項中的unsafe與空格前的dangerous語義相近，論述的內容一致，因此D選項“如今的許多校園不再是相對平靜的環(huán)境，而成為對學生和老師不安全的地方”符合上下文語境，為應填句子。27、【B2】FORMTEXT標準答案：A知識點解析：第二段首先講到家庭學校為你提供了選擇，空格后的句子反映的仍然是同樣的信息，因此空格處的句子應該與家庭學校的教育有關。選項A“Homeschooling…”在內容和邏輯上符合題意。28、【B3】FORMTEXT標準答案：E知識點解析：空格位于第二段的最后，考生可以通過空格前的內容來判斷應填句子。空格前論述的是家庭學校的孩子的學習成績，與全國平均水平相比，家庭學校的學生在ITBs和TAP考試中的成績都非常優(yōu)秀，因此空格處的內容應該與學生的考試成績有關。在剩余選項中，只有E選項將接受家庭教育的學生成績與公立和私立學校的學生成績相比較，符合上下文意思。29、【B4】FORMTEXT標準答案：C知識點解析：空格后的Thestudy是重要線索，應填句子的內容肯定與某項研究有關。通過分析，考生不難看出C選項“Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(隨機)selectionof1，516families”中的“anationwidestudy”與“Thestudy”所指內容一致，在結構和語義上連貫。因此C選項為應填句子。30、【B5】FORMTEXT標準答案：B知識點解析：空格前講到HeritageHomeSchool的教師有著65年的家庭教育課程經驗，而空格后介紹的是Heritage家庭學校的畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)、生活情況。在剩余選項B和F中，B選項“在數學方面，我們的學生名列全國前2％，并且許多學生順利升入大學”在內容上與前后銜接一致。五、填詞補文(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)LawsonEuthanasiaItwas3:45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesof【W1】______illpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.Almost【W2】______wordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentiton【W3】______thegroup'son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:"Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn'tjustsomething【W4】______happenedinAustralia.It'sworldhistory."Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingto【W5】______withitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianmedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideis【W6】______toturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakinga【W7】______lawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybya【W8】______injectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoff"periodofsevendays,thepatientcan【W9】______acertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition."I'mnot【W10】______ofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI'dgo,becauseI'vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays.31、【W1】FORMTEXT標準答案：E知識點解析：此處需要副詞。incurablyillpatients患有不可治愈的疾病的病人。32、【W2】FORMTEXT標準答案：I知識點解析：此處需要副詞。almostimmediately幾乎同時。33、【W3】FORMTEXT標準答案：K知識點解析：此處需要介詞。via通過，經由。34、【W4】FORMTEXT標準答案：A知識點解析：此處為定語從句。因為前面有something，根據語法規(guī)則，只能用that。35、【W5】FORMTEXT標準答案：C知識點解析：此處需要動詞。dealwith為固定搭配，表示“處理”。36、【W6】FORMTEXT標準答案：L知識點解析：此處需要副詞。句首but表示轉折，根據上文，此處填unlikely(不可能)。37、【W7】FORMTEXT標準答案：J知識點解析：此處需要形容詞。makingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia制定一個類似的法律處理安樂死。38、【W8】FORMTEXT標準答案：B知識點解析：此處需要形容詞。deadly致命的。39、【W9】FORMTEXT標準答案：H知識點解析：此處需要動詞。signacertificateofrequest簽署一個請求協(xié)議。40、【W10】FORMTEXT標準答案：G知識點解析：此處需要形容詞。beafraidof為固定搭配，表示“害怕”。六、完形補文(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)ExaminationsInthe【C1】______(Europe)universitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingfor【C2】______(advance)degreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldof【C3】______(researcher)ofthesubject.Thiscustomexiststodayaspartoftheworkoftestingcandidates(候選人)foramaster'sordoctor'sdegree.【C4】______(general),however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Twotypesoftestsare【C5】______(common)usedinmodernschools.Thefirsttypesometimescalledanobjective(客觀性)test,itisintendedtodealwithfacts,not【C6】______(person)opinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothree【C7】______(state)thatlooklikeanswerstostudentswhohavenotlearnedthematerial【C8】______(proper).Fortestingastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails,theobjectivetesthasadvantages.Itcanfindoutagreatdealaboutthestudent'srangeofknowledge.Fortestingsomekindsoflearning,however,suchatestisnotvery【C9】______(satisfy).A【C10】______(luck)studentmayguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.41、【C1】FORMTEXT標準答案：European知識點解析：此處需填一個形容詞。在中世紀的歐洲大學，如果學生想要拿到高等學位需要就所選領域進行闡述和談論。在這個短句中缺少一個詞來修飾后面的名詞universities，所以前面要填它的形容詞形式。42、【C2】FORMTEXT標準答案：advanced知識點解析：此處需填一個形容詞。根據上下文意思，學生想要拿到高等學位的話是需要就自己的專業(yè)發(fā)表看法的。這里缺少一個形容詞來修飾后面的degrees，“advanceddegree”表示“高等學位”。43、【C3】FORMTEXT標準答案：research知識點解析：此處需填一個名詞。根據上下文意思，“inthefieldof…”后面通常跟一個表示學科或專業(yè)的名詞，表示“在某個領域”。44、【C4】FORMTEXT標準答案：Generally知識點解析：此處需填一個副詞。副詞可以單放在句首，這樣的副詞還有很多，特別是程度副詞，如：apparently，basically，surprisingly等。注意首字母要大寫。45、【C5】FORMTEXT標準答案：commonly知識點解析：此處需填一個副詞。現(xiàn)代的考試是以筆試為主的，通常有兩種題型。空格后面是一個動詞，所以前面通常需要一個修飾它的副詞。46、【C6】FORMTEXT標準答案：personal知識點解析：此處需填一個形容詞。第一種題型通常為客觀題，就是和客觀事實相關的、不發(fā)表個人觀點的題型。這里需要一個形容詞來修飾其后面的名詞。47、【C7】FORMTEXT標準答案：statements知識點解析：此處需填一個名詞。根據上下文意思，要出客觀題的話，老師需要寫出一系列問題，每道題只有一個正確答案。每道題后面老師通常都會給出另外三個選項，并且都具有一定的迷惑性。注意使用名詞的復數形式。48、【C8】FORMTEXT標準答案：properly知識點解析：此處需填一個副詞。那些相似的選項可能對那些沒有完全掌握知識的學生有一定的迷惑性。這里缺少一個副詞來修飾前面的動詞learned。49、【C9】FORMTEXT標準答案：satisfactory知識點解析：此處需填一個形容詞。如果只是測試一下學生對知識的掌握情況，那么客觀題有它的優(yōu)點；可是也并不是完全令人滿意的。空格前面有一個副詞very，后面通常會跟一個被修飾的形容詞。50、【C10】FORMTEXT標準答案：lucky知識點解析：此處需要一個形容詞。如果一個學生運氣好，那么即使他不知道該選什么答案，也可以憑猜測獲得分數。這里缺少一個形容詞來修飾后面的名詞student，所以填lucky。七、短文寫作(本題共1題，每題1.0分，共1分。)51、假如你是北京外國語大學英語系的主任，想邀請哈佛大學的MichaelHutchison教授來校為英語專業(yè)的研究生做一次有關美國文學的講座，請用英語給他寫一封120詞左右的邀請函。標準答案：DearProfessorMichaelHutchison,I’mLiMing,deanofEnglishdepartmentofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.WeareverygladtohearthatyouareattendinganinternationalconferenceinBeijing.WearewritingthislettertoinquirethepossibilityofinvitingyoutodeliveralectureonAmericanliteratureforourpostgraduatestudentsontheeveningofJune16.Wehavelongnoticedthatyouhavedonealotofsubstantialandcreativeworkinthisfield.Twoofyourbookshavebecometextbooksforourstudentsforseveralyears.Soallofusbelieveyourlecturewillbenefitourstudentsandteachingstaffalike.Ifyoucanmanagetocome,pleasetellusthenumberofyourflightandwewillmeetyouattheairport.Ifyoucan’tmakeit,pleasealsoletusknow.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely,LiMing知識點解析：暫無解析自考英語（一）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀判斷(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)HowtoStayYoungIfyouwanttostayyoung,sitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctors,whosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresult,weareagingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofagingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversity,hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumes(容量)ofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain,whichrelatetointellect(智能)andemotion,anddeterminethehumancharacter.(Therearsectionofthebrain,whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing,doesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.)Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingthehead.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesare,however,aslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworker,busdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa'sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed."Thebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrain,"hesays."Thinkhardandengageinconversation.Don'trelyonpocketcalculators."1、Ifyouwanttobecomeyoung,you’dbetterkeepsittinginsteadofstandingA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：C知識點解析：題干要求判斷如果要變年輕是否最好坐著而不要站著。第一段中提到“Ifyouwanttostayyoung，sitdownandhaveagoodthink”，意思是“如果想保持年輕，就坐下好好地思考”，并沒有告訴我們如果要變年輕是否最好坐著而不要站著，所以無法判斷題干是否正確。2、Wedon’tusemostofourbrainssowearegettingoldverysoonA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷我們大部分的大腦是否都得不到使用所以我們衰老得很快。第一段最后提到，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分的大腦“arenotgettingenoughexercise”，也就是得不到充分使用，“asaresult，weareagingunnecessarilysoon”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。3、ThephysicallyhealthyfarmersinnorthernJapancan’tthinkandreasononlyataveryoldageA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷在日本北部身體健康的農民是否在年齡很大的時候才不能思考。文中第二段講到了這個具體信息，即“healthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage”，即在相當年輕的時候他們就失去了思考的能力，所以題干提供的信息是錯誤的。4、TheprojectstartswithmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleinthesameareaandinthesameprofessionA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷這個研究項目是否首先測量同一地區(qū)從事同一職業(yè)的一千個人的大腦容量。第三段提到了這個研究的內容，即測量一千個人的大腦容量(measuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeople)，但是這一千個人是不同年齡并且是從事不同職業(yè)的(differentagesandvaryingoccupations)。所以題干表述是錯誤的。5、HumanintellectandemotionaredeterminedbythefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷人類的智力和情感是否是由大腦的前部和側面決定的。文中第四段提到了“thefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain，whichrelatetointellectandemotion”，所以題干表述是正確的。6、Iftherearsectionofthebraingetshurt,peoplecanstilleat,breatheandwinkA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷如果大腦的后部受傷了，人們是否還可以吃飯、呼吸和眨眼睛。文中第四段提到了大腦后部的功能，即“whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing”(控制著吃飯和呼吸等功能)，而且“doesnotcontractwithage”(不會隨著年齡的增長而萎縮)。如果大腦后部受傷了，人們就不能吃飯、呼吸了，所以題干是錯誤的。7、SomeadultsagedmorethanthirtiesbecomeslowinthinkingbecausethefrontandsidepartsoftheirbrainscontractalittleA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：C知識點解析：題干要求判斷30多歲的成人思維變慢了是否是由于他們大腦的前部和側面有些萎縮了。文中第五段談到了有些30多歲的受試者已經出現(xiàn)了前部和側面大腦萎縮的現(xiàn)象，即“Contractionoffrontandsideparts…wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties”，但是并沒有告訴我們這是否導致了他們的思維變慢，所以無法判斷題干是否正確。8、PeoplelivinginthecountrysidehaveshrinkingbrainsfasterthanthoselivingintownsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷生活在農村的人是否比生活在城市里的人大腦萎縮得快。文中第七段提到“contractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns”,意思是“生活在農村的人比城市里的人大腦萎縮得快”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。9、Lawyers,universityprofessorsanddoctorsaremostlikelytosufferfromthecontractionofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：B知識點解析：題干要求判斷律師、大學教師和醫(yī)生是否最有可能發(fā)生大腦萎縮。文中第七段談到了最沒有可能發(fā)生大腦萎縮的人是“l(fā)awyers”，然后是“universityprofessorsanddoctors”，這與題干正好相反，所以題干表述是錯誤的。10、Whenyouarethinking,thebloodwillcirculateinyourheadtoprovidefreshoxygentothebraincellsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標準答案：A知識點解析：題干要求判斷當你思考時，血液是否在你的腦部循環(huán)并且為腦細胞帶來新鮮的氧氣。最后一段總結了研究的結果，即“thinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking”，意為“思考可以阻止大腦萎縮”，并且“Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed”，所以題干表述是正確的。二、閱讀選擇(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)HowtoReduceYourWeight?Youfeelsad;"Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo?"Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes,notyourlifehabits,determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.Howcanobese(肥胖的)peoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,dietingcanbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch,aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregivenliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.Aftermor