Unit9HumanBiologyLesson1ToCloneornottoClone課件高中英語北師大版選擇性

新北師大版高中英語選擇性必修三Unit9HumanBiology

Lesson1ToCloneornottoCloneLead-inWhatdoyouknowaboutcloning?Whatadditionalinformationwouldyouliketoknow?Usethewordsandphrasestohelpyou.celltoeditgenestodevelopartificiallytobreakthetechnicalbarrierspeciesidenticalgenestomakeanexactcopyoftoproduceanimalmodelsExampleCloningistheprocessof

producingindividualorganismswithidenticalDNA,eitherbynaturalorartificialmeans.Iwanttoknow

howtoeditgenes.Ⅰ．閱讀理解

)1．Whichofthefollowingexamplesbelongstonaturalcloning?

A．Identicaltwins.B．Cloningasheep.C．Cloningalong-tailedmonkey.D．Cloningadog.

)2．Whatwasthefirstsuccessfullyclonedanimals?

A．Twolong-tailedmonkeys.B．AsheepnamedDolly.C.AcamelcalledZhongZhong.D.AgoatnamedHuaHua.AB(

)3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthepotentialbenefitsofcloningprimatesaccordingtopassage?

A．Itcanresultincuresforvariousdiseases.B．Itcanoffercluesonhowtopreventtheagingprocess.C．Wecanhavethepotentialtoraiseanumberofmonkeyswithidenticalgenesinashortamountoftime.D．Itcanhelpincreaseresearchtimeandprovidemoreaccurateresults.D(

)4．ForhowlongdidDr.SunQiang’steamwork?

A．Almost100days.B．About24months.C．Morethan5years.D．Aboutsevenweeks.(

)5．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardscloning?

A．Doubtful. B．Opposed.C．Critical. D．Objective.CDdefinition&naturalcloningartificialcloning:clonedmammalsartificialcloning:clonedprimatesthesignificanceofcloningofprimatesmoralconcernsconclusionFastReading:MatchtheheadingswiththeparagraphsPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Para6IntensiveReadingTocloneornottoclonedefinitionnaturalcloningPara1artificialcloningPara2-4clonedmammalsPara2clonedprimatesPara3thesignificanceofcloningofprimatesPara4Drawastructuralmaptoshowhowtheparagraphsareorganised.IntensiveReadingToCloneorNottoClone?moralconcernsPara5conclusionPara6Drawastructuralmaptoshowhowtheparagraphsareorganised.Readthefirstfourparagraphstoanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatwasthefirstclonedmammal?Whathappenedtoher?2.Howhasthescienceofcloningdevelopedsincethefirstclonedmammal?3.Whatdevelopmentincloningwasannouncedin2018?Whatwasspecialaboutit?4.ForhowlongdidDr.

Sun

Qiang’s

teamwork?Whydidtheyworksohard?5.Whywasitsignificanttoclone

primates?IntensiveReading1.Whatwasthefirstclonedmammal?Whathappenedtoher?ItwasasheepnamedDollyin1996.Atfirst,Dollygrewnormally.Butlatershedevelopedanillnessthatismorenormallyfoundinmucholderanimals.Shelivedforsixandahalfyears,onlyhalfthelifeofthesheepfromwhichshewascloned.IntensiveReading2.Howhasthescienceofcloningdevelopedsincethefirstclonedmammal?AfterDolly,scientistshaveclonedmorethan20mammalspecies,includingcamels,cattle,deer,dogs,goats,andmice.IntensiveReading3.Whatdevelopmentincloningwasannouncedin2018?Whatwasspecialaboutit?InJanuary2018,Chinesescientistsannouncedthecloningoftwolong-tailedmonkeys,ZhongZhongandHuaHua.Theywerethefirst-everprimatestohavebeencloned!Cloningprimatesismuchharderanddoingsowithnon-reproductivecellswasevenmorecomplicated.IntensiveReading4.ForhowlongdidDr.SunQiang’steamwork?Whydidtheyworksohard?Theyworked24hoursaday,7daysaweekformorethan5years.Theywantedtogetanimalswitheditedgenesandproduceanimalmodelsthatarehelpfulformedicalresearchandhumanhealth.IntensiveReading5.Whywasitsignificanttocloneprimates?Itmightleadtocuresforvariousdiseases.Itmayoffercluesonhowtopreventtheagingprocess.Itallowsustohavethepotentialtoraisealargenumberofmonkeyswithidenticalgenesinashortamountoftime.Itmayallowustochangetheirgenestosuitresearchneeds.Itcouldhelpsaveresearchtime.IntensiveReading5.Whywasitsignificanttocloneprimates?Itcouldreducethenumberofanimalsrequiredfortesting.Itcouldproducemoreaccurateresults.Itcouldleadtomoreeffectivetreatments.IntensiveReadingPotentialbenefitswillleadtocuresforvariousdiseasesIntensiveReadingReadparagraphs5and6.Finishthecolumns.preventaging,saveresearchtime,reducethenumberof

animalsbeingtestedon,producingmoreaccurateresults,bettertreatmentsMoralconcernshasrefreshedthetechnicalpossibilityofcloningofotherspeciesIntensiveReadingclonesshouldbetreatedasobjectsorindividuals,clonesareinferior,some

organisationsmayabusethetechnologyReadparagraphs5and6.Finishthecolumns.WhatdoesEinstein’squotemean?“Scienceisapowerfulinstrument.Howitisused,whetheritisablessingoracursetomankind,dependsonmankindandnotontheinstrument.Aknifeisuseful,butitcanalsokill.”IntensiveReadingScienceitselfcannotbejudgedasgoodorbad,becauseitcanonlyfunctionwhenitisusedbyhumans.Humansneedtobecarefulwiththeinformationtheylearnthroughscienceandtoremembertousescienceforgood.Completethesummaryusingtheinformationinthearticle.Naturalcloninghastakenplaceforgenerations.Anexampleofthisisidentical1________.AsheepcalledDollywasthefirstmammaltobecloned2__________.SinceDolly,morethan20mammal3__________havebeenclonedincludingcamelsandgoats.In2018,Chinaannouncedthattwomonkeyshadbeencloned.twinsartificiallyspeciesSummaryIncomparisonwithotherspecies,scientistshavehadtoworkhardtobreakthetechnical4_______togetprimateswith5_________genes.Scientistssaythatthismajorbreakthroughoffersthe6_____________tocreatmonkeyswith7________genestogivemore8_________researchresultsandperhapsleadto9___________forvariousdiseases.Whilstscientistsinsistitis10_________tocontinueresearch,othersraise11_________concernsandworrythatthetechnologymightbe12__________bysomeorganisations.barrierseditedpotentialidenticalaccuratecurescrucialmoralabused

詞匯拓講1．leadto導致

(P52)Thishasledtoquestionssuchas…

leadvi.&vt.導致；通向；引導；過(某種生活)

leadsb.todosth.引導某人做某事leada…life過著……生活leadern.領(lǐng)導leadingadj.主要的；領(lǐng)導的

詞匯拓講2．comparisonn.比較

(P52)Incomparisonwithotherspecies,cloningprimateshasprovedtobe“muchharder”…

in/bycomparisonwith…和……相比

Incomparisonwithlastyear,thepriceofbeefhasincreased.comparevt.比較；將……比作compare…with…把……和……相比compare…to…把……和……相比；把……比作……

Weoftencomparethechildrentotheflowersofthecountry.

詞匯拓講3．a(chǎn)ttemptn.&vi.

嘗試；試圖

(P52)Foryears,therehadbeenattemptstocloneanimalsartificially.makeanattempttodosth./atdoingsth.嘗試/試圖做某事attempttodosth.嘗試/試圖做某事Hehadattemptedtorescuethedrowningman.他曾試圖去救那個溺水的男人。attemptedadj.蓄意的；未遂的

詞匯拓講4．concernn.關(guān)心；擔心vt.使擔心；涉及，關(guān)系到(P53)Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement,othersraisemoralconcerns.concernedadj.擔心的；關(guān)心的；有關(guān)的beconcernedabout擔心；關(guān)心beconcernedwith…與……有關(guān)concerningprep.關(guān)于asfarassb.beconcerned在某人看來AsfarasI’mconcerned,sportsareofgreatbenefittoyou.

詞匯拓講5．boundadj.很有可能，肯定會

(P53)Theybelieveitisboundtoleadtocloningofotherspecies,andtheyworryabouttheethicalquestionsthisraises.beboundtodosth.一定會做某事；有責任/有義務(wù)做某事Weareboundtocutdowntheexpenses.boundfor…準備前往……

IboardedtheplaneboundforEngland.

詞匯拓講6.Atfirst,Dollygrewnormally,butlatershedevelopedanillnessthatismorenormallyfoundinmucholderanimals.developv1）

發(fā)展；壯大Eg:Theplacehasrapidlydevelopedfromasmallfishingcommunityintoathrivingtouristresort.2.開發(fā)/研制產(chǎn)品Eg:Thecompanydevelopsandmarketsnewsoftware.

詞匯拓講3.患病；出現(xiàn)問題Eg:Hersondevelopedasthmawhenhewastwo.4.發(fā)生；變化Eg:Weneedmoretimetoseehowthingsdevelopbeforewetakeaction.5.沖洗（膠片）Eg:Ihadthefilmdevelopedyesterday.6.修建；開發(fā)Eg:ThesiteisbeingdevelopedbyaFrenchcompany.

詞匯拓講7.Dr.SunQiang,directoroftheresearchteam,saidtheyhadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearchandhadbeentakingcareofmorethan1,000monkeys24hoursaday,7daysaweekformorethan5years.devotev.1)devoteoneselftosb/sth獻身；致力；專心2)devotesthtosth把……用于3)devotedadj.愛好的；熱衷的；致力的bedevotedtosth致力于……的

詞匯拓講6．inferioradj.低級別的，下級的；差的，次的

(P53)Furthermore,clonesmaybeviewedasmerecopiesoforiginalsthusbeingseenasinferior.beinferiorto劣于；次于Modernmusicisoftenconsideredinferiortothatofthepast.besuperiorto優(yōu)于；好于beseniorto…比……年長；比……級別高bejuniorto…比……年幼；比……級別低

1.(P53)…ahugebreakthroughthatmightleadtocuresforvariousdiseasesandmayalsooffercluesonhowtopreventtheagingprocess.【翻譯】……這一個巨大的突破，可能會導致治療各種疾病，也可能提供如何防止衰老過程的線索。本句中howtoprevent為“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作介詞on的賓語。

句式解讀I’msorry,Idon’tknowhowtoanswerthequestion.Choosingwhattoeatisnolongeraseasyasitoncewas.Itissaidthatwhenandwheretohaveameetinghasbeendecided.ThequestionmanystudentsarepuzzledaboutishowtolearnEnglishwell.Ispentdaysthinkingoverwhethertotakethejobornot.一、現(xiàn)在完成時

1．構(gòu)成主動形式：have/hasdone被動形式：have/hasbeendone2．現(xiàn)在完成時的用法(1)表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，常用recently，lately，ever，never，before，yet，sofar，uptillnow，since，foralongtime，in/duringthepast/lastfewyears，thesedays等作時間狀語.Hehasn’theardanynewsfromhissonlately.他最近沒有聽到他兒子的任何消息。Sofarnolifehasbeenfoundoutsidetheearth.到目前為止，在地球之外還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。

語法拓講(2)在時間或條件狀語從句中，通常用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時，表示將來某一時刻前已完成的動作：

Tellmewhatyouthinkofthebookwhenyou’vereadit.你看完這本書后，告訴我你的想法。(3)“This/Itis＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that…”句式中，that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時。ThisisthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedtheuniversity.這是我第二次參觀這所大學。二、現(xiàn)在完成進行時

1．現(xiàn)在完成進行時的構(gòu)成：have/hasbeendoing

2．現(xiàn)在完成進行時的用法(1)表示開始于過去某個時間、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且會繼續(xù)進行下去的動作。Hehasbeenlyinginbedfortwoweeks.(2)表示到目前為止的一段時間里一直反復進行的動作。Ihavebeencallinghimseveraltimesthismorning，butthereisnoanswer.我今天上午給他打了好幾次電話，但沒人接。3．現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)“動作”的持續(xù)性，表示“未完成”的含義；現(xiàn)在完成時則強調(diào)“時間”的經(jīng)過或動作產(chǎn)生的“結(jié)果”，表示“已完成”的含義。Ihavewateredtheflowers.我已經(jīng)給花澆過水了。(已完成：你不必澆了)

Ihavebeenwateringtheflowers.我一直在給花澆水。(未完成：一直在澆)

三、過去完成時

1．過去完成時的構(gòu)成主動形式：haddone被動形式：hadbeendone

2．過去完成時的用法(1)過去完成時表示過去某一