2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濰坊臨朐縣高二9月月考英語試題解析版

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省濰坊臨朐縣高二9月月考英語試題〔總分值150分，時(shí)間120分鐘〕第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，20小題，每題分，總分值30分〕第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthemanfindtheproblem?A.Quitedifficult.B.Veryinteresting.C.Toosimple.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.InagymC.Inaclassroom.3.Whowenttothecinemayesterdayafternoon?A.Tom.B.Peter.C.Jerry.4.Howdidthemangethome?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.5.Whyisthespeakers’motherunhappy?A.Thecompanyaskedhertoputoffhervacation.B.Shecan’tgoabroadasplanned.C.Shedoesn’twanttogoabroad.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話和獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的ABC三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每個(gè)小題5秒鐘。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7兩個(gè)小題。6.What’sthewomandoing?A.Makinganinvitation.B.AskingforhelpC.Givingadvice.7.Whatdoesthemanplantodotoday?A.Playtennis.B.Takeatrip.C.HelpEmilystudy.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaschool.9.Whowilldrivethemanhome?A.Thewoman.B.Hisfriend.C.Hiswife.聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheneverbuysdriedfruit.B.Shehasasweettooth.C.Shelikesfreshfruits.11.Whatdoesthewoman’shusbandthinkofdriedfruit?A.Unhealthy.B.Expensive.C.Delicious.12.Wherewillthemangonext?A.Toaschool.B.Toafruitshop.C.Tothewoman’shouse.聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至16題。13.Whatwasthewoman’sfirstjob?A.Areporter.B.Aphotographer.C.Asocialsecretary.14.Wheredidthewomangetmostofherqualifications?A.Fromvariouswork.B.Fromthenewsmedia.C.Fromdifferentcolleges.15.Whatisthewomaninterestedin?A.Travellingonherown.B.Collectingancientpictures.C.Interviewingdifferentpeople.16.Howdoesthewomanreducethepressureofwork?A.Bywalkingherdog.B.Bypaintingpictures.C.Bytalkingwithfriends.聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17.Howdidthetravelergettothepub?A.Onfoot.B.Byhorse.C.Bycar.18.Whydidpeoplegetoutofthepub?A.Toseetheheavyrain.B.Tosatisfytheircuriosity.C.Tohelpthepoorwaiter.19.Whydidthetravelerwanttogetclosetothefire?A.Tochatwithpeople.B.Toheatuphisfish.C.Todryhisclothes.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Thetravelerwasveryclever.B.Thetravelerlikedeatingfishbest.C.Thetravelerwaslaughedatbyothers.第二局部：閱讀〔共兩節(jié)，總分值50分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題分,總分值分〕閱讀以下短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ABelowyouwillfindaprofile(簡介)ofeachgapyearprogram.Ifthereisaspecificprogramyouareinterestedinoraquestionyouhaveregardingtheseprograms,pleasefeelfreetocontactthemdirectly.YouthInternationalSince1997,YouthInternationalhasbeenprovidingmanypeoplewiththemostexcitingandeducationalexperienceoftheirlife.Itisalearningprogramthatcombinesinternationaltravel,inter-culturalexchange,homestays,volunteercommunityserviceworkandoutdooradventures.Phone:720-270-3323CarpeDiemEducationThroughvolunteerservice,travelandculturalexchange,studentsofCarpeDiemEducationreceiveapersonalinsightintothemselvesandtheircultures.Wespecializeinguidingsummerandsemesterprogramsforhighschoolstudents.Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,whoreturnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.Phone:503-285-1800CenterforInterimProgramsFoundedin1980,CenterforInterimProgramsisthefirstindependentgap-yearorganizationinAmerica.Basedonstudents'interestsandbudget,ourexperiencedteachershelpmakeindividualcoursechoices,including:lowcostvolunteeroptions,languageprograms,researchtrips,andsoon.Wearecommittedtohelpingstudentsfindmoreexperiencesofformaleducationandwork.Phone:413-585-0980EFGapYearEFGapYearoffersstudentstheabilitytoexploreseveralcountrieswhereyouwilllearnalanguage,volunteerforagoodcause,gaininternationalworkexperience.Wearesodifferentfromotherprogramsthatwecandesignprogramstomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterests.Youyourselfdecidewhere,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.Phone:800-726-97461.Whichphonenumbercanyoudialifyouwanttoimproveyourleadership?A.720-270-3323. B.503-285-1800.C.413-585-0980. D.800-726-9746.2.WhatisEFGapYear'sspecialfeature?A.Itsreasonablefee. B.Itsexperiencedteachers.C.Itspersonalizedprogram. D.Itsdiversecurriculumchoices.3.Whatdothefourprogramshaveincommon?A.Theypayattentiontovolunteerservicework.B.Theycombineeducationwithhomestays.C.Theymainlyoffercross-culturaleducation.D.Theyraisestudents'interestinadventure.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)為學(xué)生制定的間隔年學(xué)習(xí)工程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CarpeDiemEducation下的“Eachcourseiscarefullycraftedtodevelopleadershipandself-awarenesswithinourstudents,whoreturnhomebetterpreparedtobeleadersinthoughtandaction.(每個(gè)課程都精心培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力和自我意識(shí)，讓他們在回國后在思想和行動(dòng)上做好更充分的準(zhǔn)備，成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者)〞可知，該工程可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，該工程的聯(lián)系是503-285-1800。如果想培養(yǎng)自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力，可以撥打503-285-1800。應(yīng)選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EFGapYear局部中“Wearesodifferentfromotherprogramsthatwecandesignprogramstomeetyourlearninggoalsandinterests.Youyourselfdecidewhere,when,andhowyouwishtostudyonyourown.(我們課程與其他課程不同，我們可以根據(jù)您的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)和興趣設(shè)計(jì)課程。你自己決定在哪里，什么時(shí)候，以什么方式自學(xué)。)〞由此可知，EFGapYear的獨(dú)特之處是它提供個(gè)性化工程。應(yīng)選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YouthInternational局部中“Itisalearningprogramthatcombinesinternationaltravel,inter-culturalexchange,homestays,volunteercommunityserviceworkandoutdooradventures.(這是一個(gè)結(jié)合國際旅行、跨文化交流、家庭住宿、志愿社區(qū)效勞工作和戶外冒險(xiǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)工程)〞；CarpeDiemEducation局部中“Throughvolunteerservice,travelandculturalexchange,studentsofCarpeDiemEducationreceiveapersonalinsightintothemselvesandtheircultures.(通過志愿效勞、旅游和文化交流，及時(shí)行樂教育的學(xué)生可以了解他們自己和他們的文化)〞；CenterforInterimPrograms局部中“Basedonstudents’interestsandbudget,ourexperiencedteachershelpmakeindividualcoursechoicesincluding:lowcostvolunteeroptions,languageprograms,researchtrips,andsoon.(根據(jù)學(xué)生的興趣和預(yù)算，我們有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師幫助學(xué)生選擇個(gè)人課程，包括：低本錢的志愿者選擇，語言課程，研究旅行等)〞以及EFGapYear局部中“EFGapYearoffersstudentstheabilitytoexploreseveralcountrieswhereyouwilllearnalanguage,volunteerforagoodcause,gaininternationalworkexperience.(EF間隔年為學(xué)生提供了探索多個(gè)國家的能力，在那里你可以學(xué)習(xí)一門語言，為公益事業(yè)做志愿者，獲得國際工作經(jīng)驗(yàn))〞由此可知，這四個(gè)工程共同之處在于他們重視志愿效勞工作。應(yīng)選A。BSarooBrierley,a4-year-oldboy,livedinruralIndia.Oneday,heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfalone.Sohegotonthetraininfrontofhiminsearchofhisbrother.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets,andtheninanorphanage(孤兒院),wherehewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandtakentoTasmania.Brierleyisafamouswriternow,andinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,hewrotehecouldn’thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks,butsincehedidn’tknowhistown’sname,findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryseemedimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.In2021,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown’scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird’s-eyeview.Hethought,“Ontheright-handsideyoushouldseethethree-platformtrainstation〞—andthereitwas.“Andontheleft-handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain〞—andthereitwas.Everythingmatched!Standinginfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingattheentrance.Ittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays,“Mymothercameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,myeyesfilledwithtearsandmybrainblank.Ijustdidn’tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.〞4.WhydidBrierleygetonthetrainwhenhewasalittleboy?A.Togobacktohishome. B.Tolookforhisbrother.C.TotraveltoTasmania. D.Tofollowastranger.5.WhatdoweknowaboutBrierleyfromthispassage?A.Therewereonlytwochildreninhisfamily.B.HelivedinanorphanageinAmericatillhegrewup.C.Herememberedclearlyhishometown’sname.DTheladystandingattheentranceturnedouthismother.6.HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A.Bystudyingdigitalmaps. B.Byanalyzingoldpictures.C.Bysettingupsearchingprograms. D.Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.7.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.LoveforMother B.UnionwithBrotherC.LongWayBackHome D.MemoryofHometown【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了SarooBrierley小時(shí)候因?yàn)橐馔鈱?dǎo)致自己流落他鄉(xiāng)，后來終于通過數(shù)字地圖找回了自己的家?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfalone.Sohegotonthetraininfrontofhimtosearchforhisbrother.(當(dāng)他醒來時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有他一個(gè)人。于是他上了他前面的火車去尋找他的兄弟)〞可知，Brierley小的時(shí)候上火車是去找他的兄弟。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Standinginfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild,hesawaladystandingattheentrance.Ittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.(站在他小時(shí)候長大的房子前面，他看到一位女士站在門口。過了幾秒鐘，他終于記起了她以前的樣子)〞以及最后一段“InaninterviewBrierleysays,“Mymothercameforthandwalkedforward,andIwalkedforward,myeyesfilledwithtearsandmybrainblank.Ijustdidn’tknowwhattosay,becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam,standinginfrontofher.〞(在一次采訪中，Brierley說：“我的母親走上前，我也走上前，我的眼睛里充滿了淚水，我的大腦一片空白。我只是不知道該說什么，因?yàn)槲覐臎]想過能見到我的母親?，F(xiàn)在我站在她面前。〞)〞可知，站在門口的那位女士是Brierley的母親。應(yīng)選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.In2021,hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown’scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird’s-eyeview.(然后他找到了一個(gè)數(shù)字地圖程序。他花了數(shù)年時(shí)間在該節(jié)目的衛(wèi)星圖片中尋找自己的家鄉(xiāng)。2021年，他遇到了一些熟悉的事情。他研究了一下，意識(shí)到自己正從鳥瞰的角度看一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的中央商務(wù)區(qū))〞可知，Brierley是通過研究數(shù)字地圖找到他的家鄉(xiāng)的。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一、二段講述了SarooBrierley為什么上了火車以及他在異國他鄉(xiāng)的遭遇；第三段中“Brierleyisafamouswriternow,andinhisnewbook,ALongWayHome,hewrotehecouldn’thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.(現(xiàn)在是一位著名的作家，在他的新書?回家的漫漫長路?中，他寫道，他禁不住對(duì)他的家鄉(xiāng)印度感到好奇)〞可知第三段講述了SarooBrierley有了尋找家鄉(xiāng)的意愿；第四段講述了SarooBrierley利用數(shù)字地圖找到了他的家鄉(xiāng)；第五、六段講述了Brierley回到家門口并看見了自己的母親。由此可知，本文主要介紹了SarooBrierley是如何找回自己的家的，因此本文的最正確標(biāo)題選項(xiàng)C“回家的漫漫長路〞符合題意。應(yīng)選C。CTransportationandcommunicationnetworksbringpeopletogether.Yetsometimespeoplethemselvescreatebarriers(障礙)totransportationandcommunication.Insomecountries,lawsstoppeoplefrommovingfreelyfromplacetoplace.Overthecenturies,manygroupsofpeoplehavebeendeniedthefreedomtotravelbecauseoftheirrace,religion,ornationality.IntheMiddleAges,forexample,Jewswereoftenforbiddentomoveaboutfreelywithincertaincities.SouthAfricaCountriessetupcustomspostsattheirborders.Foreigntravellersmustgothroughacustomsinspectionbeforetheyareallowedtotravelinthecountry.Usuallytravelershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisas(簽證).Somecountriesevenlimitthenumberofvisitorstotheircountryeachyear.Othersallowtouriststovisitonlycertainareasofthecountry,ortheymayrequirethattravellersbewithanofficialguideatalltimesduringtheirstay.Manyofthosebarrierstotravelalsoactasbarrierstocommunication.Whentwogovernmentshaveconflictswitheachotheronimportantmatters,theyusuallydonotwanttheircitizenstoexchangenewsorideasfreely.Countriesoftentrytokeepmilitaryorindustrialinformationsecret.Today,peoplehavetheabilitytotravel,tocommunicate,andtotransportgoodsmorequicklyandeasilythaneverbefore.Naturalbarriersthatweredifficultordangeroustocrossahundredyearsagocannowbecrossedeasily.Thebarriersthatpeoplethemselvesmakearenotsoeasytoovercome.Butinspiteofallthedifferentkindsofbarriers,peoplecontinuetoenjoytravelandtheexchangeofgoodsandideas.8.TheexamplesinParagraph1areusedtotellthereadersthat________.A.transportationandcommunicationnetworksbringpeopletogetherB.it’simportanttopreventpeoplefromtransportingandcommunicatingC.peoplemadeitdifficultforthemselvestotransportandcommunicateD.naturalbarriersmainlyinfluencedtransportationandcommunication9.Howisthe2ndparagraphmainlyorganized?A.Bylistingseveralfacts. B.Bylistingseveralfigures.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime. D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.10.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtopeople’slesscommunicationbetweencountries?A.Peopletodayhavetheabilitytotravelwithoutanyofthebarriers.B.Thegovernmentscan’treachagreementeachotheronbigissues.C.Citizensofsomecountriesaren’tgoodatexchangingnewsorideas.D.Countriesrequiretheircitizenstokeepalltheinformationsecret.11.Wemaylearnfromthepassagethat________.A.peoplecannotremovetheobstaclesmadebynatureandthemselvesB.man-madebarriersaresometimeshardertoovercomethannaturalonesC.withsomanybarriers,peoplecan’ttravelandexchangegoodsandideasD.naturalbarriershavealwaysbeendifficultanddangeroustocrossforus【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。介紹了存在于各個(gè)國家和區(qū)域之間的各種溝通障礙，有天然，更多是人為的。先進(jìn)的科技手段可以幫助人們克服天然障礙，但是卻無法逾越人為障礙?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Yetsometimespeoplethemselvescreatebarriers(障礙)totransportationandcommunication.〔然而，有時(shí)人們自己創(chuàng)立運(yùn)輸和通訊障礙?！敞暱芍谝欢问菫榱烁嬖V讀者人為障礙阻礙人際交流。應(yīng)選C。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Countriessetupcustomspostsattheirborders.Foreigntravellersmustgothroughacustomsinspectionbeforetheyareallowedtotravelinthecountry.Usuallytravelershavetocarryspecialpaperssuchaspassportsandvisas(簽證).Somecountriesevenlimitthenumberofvisitorstotheircountryeachyear.Othersallowtouriststovisitonlycertainareasofthecountry,ortheymayrequirethattravellersbewithanofficialguideatalltimesduringtheirstay.〔各國在邊境設(shè)立了海關(guān)。外國旅客在獲準(zhǔn)入境前必須經(jīng)過海關(guān)檢查。通常游客必須攜帶特殊文件如護(hù)照和簽證。一些國家甚至限制每年到他們國家的游客數(shù)量。其他國家只允許游客訪問該國的某些地區(qū)，或者他們可能會(huì)要求游客在逗留期間一直有官方導(dǎo)游陪同?！敞暱芍?，本段主要列出了各種人為造成的交通與交流障礙的事實(shí)。可知，通過列舉一些事實(shí)展開論述。應(yīng)選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Whentwogovernmentshaveconflictswitheachotheronimportantmatters,theyusuallydonotwanttheircitizenstoexchangenewsorideasfreely.〔當(dāng)兩國政府在重要問題上發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，他們通常不希望本國公民自由交換消息或觀點(diǎn)?！敞暱芍?，兩國政府無法在重大問題上達(dá)成一致，導(dǎo)致國與國之間人們的交流越來越少。應(yīng)選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Naturalbarriersthatweredifficultordangeroustocrossahundredyearsagocannowbecrossedeasily.Thebarriersthatpeoplethemselvesmakearenotsoeasytoovercome.〔一百年前難以跨越的自然屏障現(xiàn)在可以輕松跨越。但是人們自己制造的障礙不是那么容易克服的?！敞暱芍?，人為障礙有時(shí)比自然障礙更難克服。應(yīng)選B。DThankstoitsharshenvironment,Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformanymillennia(千年),allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolve.However,sincethe1990s,thelasttruewildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seekingtourists.Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastateallofthearea’snativebirdpopulation.Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.Researchers,however,believedthattheAntarcticanimalswereimmunetothedangerduetothecontinent’sextremeweather.However,microbiologistMartaCerda-Cuellarwasnotconvinced.SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidenceofhumanbacteria.Toensurethewastewasnotpolluted,thescientistshadtocollectitfromthebirdsthemselves.Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.Thisincludedacommonstrain(品種)ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoninginhumans.Theresearcherssaythebacteriastrainswereresistanttocommonly-usedhumanantibiotics,indicatingtheywerebroughtinbythevisitors,ratherthanmigratorybirds.“Thesestrains,whichareacommoncauseforinfectionsinhumansandlivestock,donotusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals,〞saysGonzalezSolis.“However,theemergingofinvasivepathogens(病原體)thatarrivetohighlysensitivepopulationscouldhavesevereconsequencesandcausethelocalcollapseandextinctionofsomepopulations.〞Theresearcheralsofearsthepresenceofthesebugscouldforeshadow(預(yù)示)thearrivalofother,moredeadly,pathogensasthenumberoftouristspeopleincreases.Expertsbelievetheonlywaytopreventthemassdestructionofthebirdsistoimposestricterregulationsor,atleast,puttheonesalreadyinplaceintoeffect.Forexample,whiletheAntarcticaTreatyrequiresvisitorstocarrytheirwastebackhometosafeguardthepristine(原始純潔的)environment,theregulationisrarelyenforced.Fortunately,nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit’stoolate.12.WhatproblemisAntarcticafacingaccordingtoParagraphs1&2?A.Theincreasingnumberofbirds. B.Theworseningwilderness.C.Thereplacednativebirdspecies. D.Thespreadofinfectiousillnesses.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastate〞mean?A.Reject. B.Protect. C.Destroy. D.Benefit.14.WhatdoweknowaboutthewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsthescientistcollected?A.Therewereseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthem.B.Migratorybirdsbroughtthesestrainsofbacteriain.C.Thestrainsusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals.D.Theinvasivepathogenswillbecomemoredeadlyonessoon.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofbirdpopulationinAntarctica?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述由于南極洲的寒冷人類幾千年來沒有踏足。然而，自上世紀(jì)90年代以來，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成為探險(xiǎn)游客的熱門目的地。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)游客們可能留下有害細(xì)菌，影響鳥類的生存?？茖W(xué)家對(duì)此做了研究，建議限制人類旅游的數(shù)量?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now,anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastatethearea'snativebirdpopulation.(現(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究說明，游客留下的有害細(xì)菌可能會(huì)摧毀該地區(qū)的本地鳥類種群)〞以及第二段第一句“Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.(人類可以讓動(dòng)物感染流感等疾病)〞可知，南極洲面臨傳染病的傳播。應(yīng)選D。【13題詳解】詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中“thevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteria(參觀者可能留下了有害的細(xì)菌)〞和劃線詞后面的“thearea'snativebirdpopulation.(當(dāng)?shù)伉B類的數(shù)量)〞及常識(shí)推知，細(xì)菌會(huì)“摧毀〞鳥類種群。由此可知，劃線詞devastate與destroy意思接近。A.Reject.拒絕；B.Protect.保護(hù)；C.Destroy.摧毀；D.Benefit.有益于。應(yīng)選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.(他們的研究結(jié)果顯示，在鳥類糞便中存在幾種類型的人類細(xì)菌)〞可知，科學(xué)家收集的南極鳥類的糞便樣本中有幾種人類細(xì)菌。應(yīng)選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Fortunately,nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit’stoolate.(幸運(yùn)的是，現(xiàn)在一些官員正在采取措施挽救脆弱的鳥類，以免為時(shí)已晚)〞可知，作者對(duì)南極洲鳥類種群的前景持樂觀態(tài)度。應(yīng)選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題分，總分值分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouarefeelingthatlifejustcannotbeanyworseforyou,itcanbechallengingtothinkpositivethoughts.Whenwearestressed,depressed,upset,orotherwiseinanegativestateofmindbecauseweperceive(認(rèn)為)that“badthings〞keephappeningtous,itisimportanttoshift(轉(zhuǎn)換)thosenegativethoughtstosomethingpositive.____16____Itisoftenveryhardtothinkpositivewhensomanythingsarenegative.____17____Wecanchoosetothinkdifferentlybybeginningwiththesmallestofsteps.Ifyoustartwithonesmall,positivethingandrepeatitduringthecourseofyourday,youwillbegintomoveintoamorepositivesituation:positivethoughts,feelings,opportunitiesandpeoplewillstartshowingupinyourlife.____18____Youcanbeginandendeachdaywitha“Thankyouforthiswonderfulday!〞Whenyouseethegaspriceshiking,say“IamsogladthatIhaveavehicleinwhichtogetaround.〞Whenyouarelateforwork,say“____19____〞Ifyouarehavinghealthproblems,begratefulforwhatdoeswork:“Ireallydoappreciatemyeyesthatsee,myearsthathear,mymouththattastes,and…〞____20____Inmomentswhenyou’refeelingreallydown,readwhatyouwrotepreviously.Thiswillhelpupliftyourspirits.Ifyoupracticethisregularly,youwillfindthatyourlistwillgetlongerandlonger.A.Therefore,wedon’tneedtoturntoothers.B.Ifwedon’t,more“badthings〞willcomeup.C.Writedownwhatyou’regratefulforeachday.D.ButIamsuresomeone,somewhereisworseoffthanyou.E.Thepossibilitieshereareendless:feelgoodaboutwhatdoesworkforyou!F.IamsohappyandgratefulformyjobasIknowthatmanydon’thaveone.G.Withpractice,youwillfindyouwillchangeyouroutlook(看法)andchoosetobehappy.【答案】16B17.D18.G19.F20.C【解析】【分析】本文是議論文。論述了要學(xué)會(huì)欣賞，學(xué)會(huì)感恩，越感恩越幸運(yùn)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whenwearestressed,depressed,upset,orotherwiseinanegativestateofmindbecauseweperceive(認(rèn)為)that“badthings〞keephappeningtous,itisimportanttoshift(轉(zhuǎn)換)thosenegativethoughtstosomethingpositive.(當(dāng)我們不堪重負(fù)、沮喪、失落，抑或因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為倒霉的事總是光臨我們而處于消極狀態(tài)時(shí)，將這些消極的思想轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極的至關(guān)重要。)〞說明重要的是要把消極的想法轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極的事情，因此下文是shift后的好處或反之的后果。因此推斷B項(xiàng)“如果沒有轉(zhuǎn)變，就會(huì)招來更多的不幸。〞符合語境，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】空前“Itisoftenveryhardtothinkpositivewhensomanythingsarenegative.(有如此之多消極因素還要想些積極的東西，通常情況下這很難。)〞陳述當(dāng)很多事情都是消極的時(shí)候，你很難去想積極的事情，空后“Wecanchoosetothinkdifferentlybybeginningwiththesmallestofsteps.(我們可以換種方式，一步一步細(xì)細(xì)思考那些消極的東西。)〞陳述要轉(zhuǎn)變思維，因此推斷D項(xiàng)“但我可以保證，在某些地方有人比你情況還糟〞符合語境，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Ifyoustartwithonesmall,positivethingandrepeatitduringthecourseofyourday,youwillbegintomoveintoamorepositivesituation:positivethoughts,feelings,opportunitiesandpeoplewillstartshowingupinyourlife.(從一件積極的小事情開始，并且一整天就一直重復(fù)想著，你將進(jìn)入一個(gè)更加積極的狀態(tài)：積極的思想、情感、機(jī)遇、人們開始裝扮你的人生。)〞可推斷，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)thinkpositive需要反復(fù)練習(xí)。G項(xiàng)中的“practice〞與之相符。因此推斷G項(xiàng)“這樣練下去，很快你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你將改變你的觀點(diǎn)，選擇快樂的生活，而不在意周圍那些瑣事。〞符合語境，應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youcanbeginandendeachdaywitha“Thankyouforthiswonderfulday!〞Whenyouseethegaspriceshiking,say“IamsogladthatIhaveavehicleinwhichtogetaround.〞(你可以在每一天開始和結(jié)束的時(shí)候，說一句“感謝這么一個(gè)愉快的一天〞。當(dāng)你看到燃?xì)鈨r(jià)格高漲的時(shí)候，說“我很快樂我至少還有著這輛車可以到處兜風(fēng)。〞)〞可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)生活中不如意的事也要有好的評(píng)價(jià)或看法。因此推斷空格處與上文“say‘IamsogladthatIhaveavehicleinwhichtogetaround’〞相照應(yīng)。F項(xiàng)“我很快樂，也很感謝我的工作，因?yàn)槲抑篮芏嗳硕紱]有。〞符合語境，應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Inmomentswhenyou’refeelingreallydown,readwhatyouwrotepreviously.Thiswillhelpupliftyourspirits.Ifyoupracticethisregularly,youwillfindthatyourlistwillgetlongerandlonger.(每當(dāng)你失落的時(shí)候，讀一讀你曾經(jīng)寫下的心情，這會(huì)讓你從新振作起來。經(jīng)常這樣練習(xí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你所感謝的東西越來越多。)〞可知，本段講述要感謝生活中的許多事情，C項(xiàng)中的“grateful〞與之相符，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“記下每天讓你感謝的事〞符合語境，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。第三局部：語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，總分值35分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Itwasadarknight.Thick,dark,graycloudshadmadesurethattherewasnostarlightormoonlightto____21____measIwalkedoutofmyporch(門廳).Still,IkepttheporchlightoffbecauseIdidn’twanttobe____22____bybugsandmoths(飛蛾)onthissticky____23____evening.Istoodthereforawhilelettingmyeyesadjusttothelackof____24____.Itwasthen,though,thatIsawthem.Firstoneblinkoflightatthefarendofthe____25____followedbyanotherandthenanother.I____26____.Irecognizedthematonceasmyfirefly(螢火蟲)friends,mylightningbugbuddieswhoalways____27____thistimeoftheyear.WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthem____28____flyaroundblinkingonandoff.Inever____29____andputoneinajarassomekidsdidbecauseIneverwantedtohurtthesemessengersoflight.Theirtimeonthisearthwasso____30____asitwas.Itriedtoenjoythemeachnighttheywerehere.Italways____31____mewhentheydisappearedinthefallanditalwaysmademyheart____32____whentheyreappearedthenextsummer.Weareliketheminalotofways.Our____33____hereonearthisbrief.Oftenourlightofloveismorelikeonandoffblinksratherthana____34____shine.Still,wedoourbesttoshareitandtake____35____inknowingthatotherswillbeshiningtheirlightlongafterwearegone.21.A.show B.greet C.please D.promise22.A.frightened B.accompanied C.shined D.troubled23.A.summer B.winter C.spring D.fall24.A.heat B.water C.light D.air25.A.porch B.room C.grassland D.roof26.A.frowned B.cried C.smiled D.sighed27.A.wentout B.gaveout C.settleddown D.showedup28.A.fearfully B.cautiously C.nervously D.slowly29.A.saw B.hit C.caught D.got30.A.hard B.terrible C.useful D.brief31.A.depressed B.surprised C.confused D.excited32.A.beat B.sing C.move D.tremble33.A.hope B.memory C.mind D.life.34.A.beautiful B.steady C.bright D.clear35.A.pride B.comfort C.action D.interest【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.C26.C27.D28.D29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.B35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。講述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜愛的螢火蟲，并且認(rèn)為人類和螢火蟲一樣，在這個(gè)星球上，生命短暫，但即便如此，我們也要努力地用微光照亮世界?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走出門廊時(shí)，厚厚的烏云證實(shí)沒有星光或月光迎接我。A.show展示；B.greet迎接，問候；C.please取悅；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)前面的“therewasnostarlightormoonlightto〞和后面的measIwalkedoutonmyporch〞可知，作者走出來的時(shí)候，因?yàn)槠岷谝黄?，因此沒有月光和星光來迎接他，此處為擬人用法。應(yīng)選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是關(guān)掉了門廊的燈，因?yàn)槲也幌朐谶@個(gè)濕熱的夏夜被蟲子和飛蛾騷擾。A.frightened使害怕；B.accompanied陪伴；C.shined閃耀；D.troubled困擾。根據(jù)上文的“Ikepttheporchlightoff〞和后面的“bugsandmoths〞可知，作者不喜歡被蟲子和飛蛾等襲擾，而把燈關(guān)掉。應(yīng)選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，我還是關(guān)掉了門廊的燈，因?yàn)槲也幌朐谶@個(gè)濕熱的夏夜被蟲子和飛蛾騷擾。A.summer夏天；B.winter冬天；C.spring春天；D.fall秋天。結(jié)合后面的“summerevening〞和常識(shí)可知當(dāng)時(shí)是夏季。應(yīng)選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在那兒站了一會(huì)兒，讓眼睛適應(yīng)光線的缺乏。A.heat高溫；B.water水；C.light光線；D.air空氣。根據(jù)上文的“therewasnostarlightormoonlight〞和“Ikepttheporchlightoff〞可知當(dāng)時(shí)沒有光，作者在那里站了一會(huì)兒，是為了讓眼睛適應(yīng)光線缺乏的情況。應(yīng)選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：首先是草原盡頭的一閃一閃，接著是另一閃一閃。A.porch門廊；B.room房間；C.grassland草原；D.roof屋頂。根據(jù)后文“WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthem〞可知，作者小時(shí)候常常坐在草地上，看著螢火蟲，說明螢火蟲出現(xiàn)在草原盡頭。應(yīng)選C。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我微笑了。A.frowned皺眉；B.cried哭泣；C.smiled微笑；D.sighed嘆息。據(jù)下文的“Irecognizedthematonceasmyfireflyfriends〞可知，作者看到了自己的螢火蟲朋友，應(yīng)該是微笑了。應(yīng)選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我一眼就認(rèn)出他們是我的螢火蟲朋友，我的閃電蟲伙伴，它們總是在每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候出現(xiàn)。A.wentout熄滅；B.gaveout分發(fā)；C.settleddown定居；D.showedup露面。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，螢火蟲總是在每年的夏季晚上出現(xiàn)。應(yīng)選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我小的時(shí)候，我常常坐在草地上，看著它們忽明忽暗慢慢地飛來飛去。A.fearfully可怕地；B.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；C.nervously緊張地；D.slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文“putoneinajarassomekidsdid〞可知，孩子們能逮住螢火蟲說明它飛得慢。應(yīng)選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有像一些孩子那樣抓住它們并放進(jìn)罐子里，因?yàn)槲覐膩聿幌雮@些光的使者。A.saw看見；B.hit打擊；C.caught抓??；D.got得到。根據(jù)后面的“putoneinajarassomekidsdid〞可知，只有逮住螢火蟲才能放進(jìn)罐子里。應(yīng)選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它們在世上時(shí)間是如此短暫。A.hard努力的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.useful有用的；D.brief短暫的。由下文“theydisappearedinthefall〞和“theyreappearedthenextsummer〞可知，夏天出現(xiàn)的螢火蟲，秋天消失，所以螢火蟲在地球上的時(shí)間很短暫。應(yīng)選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它們在秋天消失時(shí)，我總是感到沮喪；當(dāng)它們在第二年夏天再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)，我的心總是在歌唱。A.depressed使沮喪；B.