第10講 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)-【暑假自學(xué)課】2023年新九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)暑假課（仁愛(ài)版）（解析版）

第頁(yè)第10講一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。Thedeskwasmadebymyfather.這張桌子是由父親做的。(2)句式變化：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他?回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+was/were.No,主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主要在下面幾種情況中使用：(1)不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)時(shí)。Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.這些書(shū)是為兒童寫(xiě)的。Wehaven’tbeentoldaboutit.沒(méi)有人通知我們這件事。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者（這時(shí)可帶由by引起的短語(yǔ)）。ThebookwaswrittenbyMoYan.這本書(shū)是由莫言寫(xiě)的。Man-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.許多國(guó)家已向太空發(fā)射了人造衛(wèi)星。學(xué)/科-+網(wǎng)（3）處于禮貌等方面的考慮不愿說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。HewasaskedtogiveatalkabouthowtolearnEnglishwell.他被要求作關(guān)于怎樣學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的報(bào)告。例題：—Whyhasn’tTonycome?—Theinvitationletter_________toTobybyaccident.A.wasemailed B.hasemailed C.isemailed D.emailed1.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：——托尼為什么還沒(méi)來(lái)？——邀請(qǐng)函偶然地通過(guò)電子郵件發(fā)送給托比。A.wasemailed被郵寄，過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；B.hasemailed已郵寄；C.isemailed被郵寄，現(xiàn)在式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；D.emailed郵寄，一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theinvitationletter是物，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，邀請(qǐng)函已發(fā)故用過(guò)去式，因此選A。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—HaveyouheardofthemusicKisstheRain?—Yes.It_________everySaturdayeveningbymydaughterwhenshewasyoung.A．hasplayed B．isplayedC．wasplayed D．plays2．Alecture(講座)________onBeijing2022WinterOlympicsinourschoolhall.Manystudentssaidtheylearnedalotfromit.A．gave B．wasgiven C．willbegiven3．TheLawonFamilyEducation(家庭教育促進(jìn)法)________onOct.23,2021.A．passes B．waspassed C．passed D．pass4．Agym________inourschoollastyear.A．build B．built C．isbuilt D．wasbuilt5．Thesportsmeeting________inourschoollastmonth.Ourclasswonthefirstprize.A．hold B．held C．isheld D．washeld6．Whatanamazingpicture!It________morethan900yearsago.A．painted B．waspainted C．ispainted D．willbepainted7．Mr.Green________tosinganEnglishsongatthepartyandhesangwell.A．wasinvited B．invitedC．isinvited D．invites8．We_______spendtoomuchtimeinwatchingTV.A．tolddon’t B．toldnottoC．weretoldnotto D．weretoldtonot9．—Kitty,didyouenjoythefarewellparty?—Yes.We________wellbyourhosts.A．weretreated B．a(chǎn)retreated C．treated D．havetreated10．Marylookedverynervouswhenshe________tothefamousscientist.A．introduced B．wasintroduced C．isintroduced11．InthebigearthquakeofTurkey,people________tothesafeplacebythearmy.A．take B．took C．weretaken12．BeijingDaxingInternationalAirport________fouryearsago.A．complete B．completed C．iscompleted D．wascompleted13．Luckily,Tom’slostdog________onthestreetcorneryesterday.A．find B．found C．isfound D．wasfound14．—Wow,2023FriendshipForestTreePlantingActivitywasagreatsuccess!—Yes.Iknewmanytrees______forabetterenvironment.A．plant B．wereplanted C．planted D．a(chǎn)replanted15．Lora’smomwasveryhappytoreceiveascarfbecauseit________byherdaughter.A．made B．wasmade C．ismade D．makes16．ChopsticksareanimportantpartofChineseculture.They________morethan3,000yearsago.A．a(chǎn)reinvented B．wereinvented C．invented D．invent17．XiJinping________tobethechairmanofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaforathirdtimeonMarch10th,2023.A．choose B．a(chǎn)rechoosing C．ischosen D．waschosen18．Eachofus________anewschoolbaglastweek.A．gave B．isgivenC．wasgiven D．weregiven19．—Lotsoffoodandwater________toYa’an,SichuanProvinceimmediatelyaftertheearthquakehappened.—ThatshowstheloveofChinesepeople.A．a(chǎn)resent B．weresent C．send D．sent20．Althoughagreatdealofmoney________atthecharityshowlastmonth,thecostoflivinginthepoorarea________quickly,sowestillneedtodomuchworktohelpthepoorpeople.A．wasraised;isrising B．wasraised;wereraised C．rose;wereraised D．rose;hasrisen21．—Jenny,doyouknowwhentheplayTeahouse________?—In1957,Ithink.A．wrote B．waswritten C．iswritten D．willwrite22．TheTV________beforethecar.A．invented B．isinvented C．wasinvented D．invents23．—What’swrongwithDale?—He________withothersinhisclassjustnow.He’snothappyaboutthat.A．compares B．compared C．wascompared24．Atfirst,therobot________tohelpchildrenwithwalkingproblems.A．created B．creates C．wascreated D．wascreating25．Mostofthetrees________afterthestrongwind,andsowerethehouses.A．brokedown B．breakdown C．a(chǎn)rebrokendown D．werebrokendown26．It’salongtime!Ican’trememberwhenthispicture________inXuanwuLakePark.A．wastaken B．take C．istaken D．took27．Frozen,amusicalfantasyfilm,________byWaltDisneyin2013.A．isproduced B．wasproduced C．willbeproduced D．hadbeenproduced28．Ididn’tanswerwhenI________.A．wasasking B．a(chǎn)sked C．a(chǎn)masked D．wasasked29．Thiskid_________tochoosehisownclothesfromanearlyage.A．a(chǎn)llows B．a(chǎn)llowed C．willbeallowed D．wasallowed30．Doyouknowwhenthefirsttrain______inChina?A．a(chǎn)reproduced B．isproduced C．produced D．wasproduced二、完形填空J(rèn)oseAlbertoGutierrezgrewupandlivesinapoorneighborhoodinColumbia.___31___anypubliclibraries.ButJoseisnowchangingthisneighborhood___32___bookshecollected.Joseisa61-year-oldrubbishtruckdriverwholovesreadingverymuch.Onenight25yearsago,whilehe___33___histruckthroughawealthyneighborhood,hefoundabookontheroadside.It___34___asrubbish.Hepickedupthebookandtookittohishouse.Sincethen,he___35___over20,000books.In2000,heturnedhisapartmentintoacommunitylibrary.Hisaimwastohelppoorkidsinhisneighborhoodstartreading.Josehimselfleftschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehisparents___36___affordhisschooling.Andheknewhow___37___itwastobeachildinsuchaneighborhood.However,whenJosebegancollectingbooks,hisworkmatestoldhim___38___.“Lotsofpeoplelaughedatme.Butnow25yearslater,theyareamazed.”Jose’sfamilycompletelysupporthimand___39___offershelp.“Iamthankfulfor____40____they’vedoneforme,”Josesaid.Healsosaidhisdreamwasto“exchangemyrubbishtruckforatruckfullofbooksandtravelaroundthecountry”.31．A．Theyaren’t B．Therearen’t C．Itisn’t32．A．with B．into C．from33．A．drove B．isdriving C．wasdriving34．A．threwaway B．wasthrowingaway C．wasthrownaway35．A．collects B．willcollect C．hascollected36．A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t37．A．hard B．harder C．hardest38．A．stop B．tostop C．stopping39．A．a(chǎn)nybody B．somebody C．everybody40．A．how B．what C．where三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MynameisLinda.I’mmymother’s____41____(three)girl.WhenIwasborn,thedoctorgentlyexplainedtomymotherthatmyleftarmwasmissing,belowtheelbow.Thenshegavehersomeadvice,“Don’ttreather____42____(different)fromothers.”Andshedid.Therearefivegirlsinmyfamily,andweallhadtohelpout.OncewhenIwasaboutseven,I____43____(come)outofthekitchen,“Mum,Ican’tpeel____44____(potato).Ionlyhaveonehand.”“Getbacktopeelthem,anddon’teverusethatas____45____excuseforanythingagain!”O(jiān)fcourseIcouldpeelpotatoes____46____mygoodhandandmyotherarm.“Jenny,ifyoutryhard,”shesaid,“youcandoanything.”O(jiān)nceinthesecondgrade,eachofus____47____(teach)toraceacrossthemonkeybar(攀爬架).Whenitwasmyturn,Isaidnototheteacher.Somekidslaughed.Iwenthomecrying.However,thenextafternoonMumtookmebacktotheschoolplayground.“Now,pullupusingyourrightarm.”Sheadvised.Shepraisedme____48____Imadeprogress.I’llneverforgetwhenIwascrossingthebar,thekidswerestandingtherewith____49____(they)mouthsopen.Itwasthewaywitheverything.Mumhadthecourage____50____(face)anything.AndshetoldmeIcould,too.閱讀理解ALastyear,myparentstookmeonaveryspecialholiday.Mydreamwastoseesomerealsnow,soduringtheChristmasholiday,weflewtoCalgary,Canada.Wetookabustoaskiresort(滑雪勝地)intheCanadianRockies.Asthebusclimbedthroughthemountains,wesawthethicksnowonthetrees.Iwasthirstytogetoutandplaywithit!Atlast,wereachedtheresortandquicklyjumpedoutofthebus.Thiswasourfirstexperiencewithsnow.Wewerelikelittlechildren—wemadesnowballs,andthrewthematoneanother!Thenwecheckedin(登記入住)atthehotel.Wecouldseetheskislope(坡)oppositethehotel.Wecouldnotwaittogetoutandski.Thenextday,weputonourskisuitsandgloves,tookourskis(滑雪板)andwentoutsideontothesnow.Wearingskisforthefirsttimemademefeelstrange.SuddenlyIfoundmyselfunabletowalk!Thenwehadaskiinglessonwithayoungcouple.Ourinstructortookustoagentleslope,andshowedussomebasicskills.Tobehonest,thatfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccess.Ikeptonfallingover,andIhadtoholdontoaropetokeepmybalance(平衡).However,thenextday,Ionlyfelloverafewtimes,andImanagedtodoafewrapidruns.Ifeltpleasedwithmyself,andmyinstructortoldmeIwasdoingmuchbetter.Althoughitwasverycold,Ispentmostofmyholidayskiing.Ihadawonderfultime.Itwasallovertoosoon.Itwasapity,butwehadtoleave.Iwishmyparentswouldtakemebackforanotherwonderfulskiingholidaythisyear.51．Thewriter’sfamilyflewtoCalgaryto_________.A．visittheirfriends B．enjoyabusrideC．climbthemountains D．seerealsnow52．Whatdidthewriterfeelwhenshesawthethicksnowonthetrees?_________A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Cold. D．Afraid.53．Fromthetext,wecanknow_________.A．thehotelofferedfreeskisuitsandglovesB．thewriterwentonholidaybyairandthenbybusC．thewriterwasthrownawaybyherparentsD．a(chǎn)youngcoupletaughtthewriterhowtoski54．Whatwasthewriter’sskilessonlikeatfirst?_________A．Successful. B．Smooth. C．Wonderful. D．Difficult.55．Whydidthewriterconsidertheexperienceapityinthelastparagraph?_________A．Becauseshefellovertoomuch.B．Becauseitwastoocold.C．Becausetheholidaywentbytoofast.D．Becauseherparentsmaynottakeherthereagain.BOskarSchindlerwasbornin1908inwhatisnowtheCzechRepublic.In1939,hemovedtoPolandandboughtafactorythatmostlyemployedJewishworkersbecausetheywerepaidless.However,astheNazisbegantoharmtheJewishpopulation,SchindlerwitnessedtheircrueltyanddecidedtousehispowerandinfluencetohelptheJewsinhisfactory.Tokeephisworkerssafe,Schindlerbegantobribe(行賄)officialsandspendmoneyonsuppliesontheblackmarket.In1944,asWorldWarIIwascomingtoanend,Schindler’sfactorywasmovedtoCzechoslovakia,andhebuiltasub-campnearhisfactorytoprotecthisworkers.Thisdecisionsavedmanyoftheirlives.Schindlercontinuedtospendhismoneyandinfluencetokeephisworkerssafe,evenasthewarwascomingtoanendandtheNaziswerebecomingcrueler.Whenthewarended,Schindler’sfactorywasshutdown,andheescapedtheNazis,leavingbehindhishome.Unfortunately,hewentbankrupt(破產(chǎn))andspenttherestofhislifelivingoffdonations.In1982,Schindler’sstorycametotheattentionoftheworldthankstothebook,Schindler’sArk,byAustralianauthorThomasKeneally.In1993,directorStevenSpielbergmadeamoviebasedonthebook,calledSchindler’sList,whichwonsevenAcademyAwards.Today,OskarSchindlerisrememberedasaherowhoriskedeverythingtosavethelivesofover1,100Jewishpeople.Hisstoryremindsusthateveninthedarkestoftimes,therearestillpeoplewhowillstandupforwhatisrightanddoeverythingintheirpowertohelpothers.56．OskarSchindlerprotectedtheJewishpeoplein________.A．theCzechRepublic B．Poland C．Germany D．Australia57．WhatdidSchindlerdotokeephisworkerssafe?a.Paidofficialstoturnablindeye.b.Builtasub-campnearhisfactory.c.Boughtsuppliesontheblackmarket.d.Movedhisworkerstoasafecountry.e.Askedfordonationsfortheworkers.A．a(chǎn)bc B．bcd C．cde D．a(chǎn)ce58．WhenwasSchindler’sstorymadeknowntotheworld?A．In1939. B．In1944. C．In1982. D．In1993.59．Whatisthemessageofthestory?A．Todotherightthinginthefaceofdifficulties.B．Theimportanceofhavingmoneyandinfluence.C．TolearnaboutwhattheNazisdidinWorldWarII.D．Theroleofmediainbringingattentiontoimportantstories.參考答案：1．C【詳解】句意：——你聽(tīng)過(guò)《雨的印記》這首音樂(lè)嗎？——是的。我女兒小的時(shí)候每個(gè)星期六晚上都演奏這首歌。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)it和謂語(yǔ)play“演奏”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“whenshewasyoung”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選C。2．B【詳解】句意：我們學(xué)校禮堂舉行了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于北京2022年冬奧會(huì)的講座。許多學(xué)生說(shuō)他們從中學(xué)到了很多東西?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)“Alecture(講座)”與動(dòng)詞“give”存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再根據(jù)“Manystudentssaidtheylearnedalotfromit.”可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone；主語(yǔ)“Alecture(講座)”為單數(shù)，應(yīng)用was，give的過(guò)去分詞為given。故選B。3．B【詳解】句意：《家庭教育法》于2021年10月23日通過(guò)?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的“onOct.23,2021”可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；《家庭教育法》是被通過(guò)的，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。4．D【詳解】句意：去年我們學(xué)校建了一個(gè)體育館?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合“l(fā)astyear”可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/weredone。故選D。5．D【詳解】句意：運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上個(gè)月在我們學(xué)校舉行。我們班得了一等獎(jiǎng)?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)Thesportsmeeting和謂語(yǔ)hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“l(fā)astmonth”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選D。6．B【詳解】句意：多么令人驚奇的畫(huà)！它是900多年前畫(huà)的。考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。it代指picture，和謂語(yǔ)paint之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“900yearsago”可知句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選B。7．A【詳解】句意：格林先生被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谂蓪?duì)上唱英語(yǔ)歌曲，他唱得很好?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)Mr.Green與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞invite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且由“sang”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為“was/were+過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，故選A。8．C【詳解】句意：我們被告知不要花太多時(shí)間看電視?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析題干可知，本句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；根據(jù)“spendtoomuchtimeinwatchingTV.”可知，應(yīng)為“我們被告知不要花太多時(shí)間看電視”，tellsbnottodo“告訴某人不要做……”；根據(jù)主語(yǔ)we與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞tell可知，此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，構(gòu)成為be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，tell的過(guò)去分詞為told。故選C。9．A【詳解】句意：——?jiǎng)P蒂，你喜歡這個(gè)告別晚會(huì)嗎？——是的。主人對(duì)我們招待得很好?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“didyouenjoy...”可知，講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，結(jié)合“byourhosts”可知，我們是被招待的對(duì)象，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這里是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是（was/weredone），故選A。10．B【詳解】句意：當(dāng)瑪麗被介紹給這位著名的科學(xué)家時(shí)，她看起來(lái)非常緊張?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“whenshe...tothefamousscientist.”可知，主語(yǔ)“she”和“introduce介紹”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)“l(fā)ooked”可知，應(yīng)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。11．C【詳解】句意：在土耳其的大地震中，人們被軍隊(duì)帶到安全的地方?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，句子主語(yǔ)people與動(dòng)詞take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，描述的是過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”，主語(yǔ)為people，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，故選C。12．D【詳解】句意：北京大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)于四年前建成?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“fouryearsago”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“BeijingDaxingInternationalAirport”和動(dòng)詞“complete”是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（was/weredone）。故選D。13．D【詳解】句意：幸運(yùn)的是，湯姆走失的狗昨天在街角被發(fā)現(xiàn)了?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)dog與動(dòng)詞found之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，由yesterday可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此這里是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故選D。14．B【詳解】句意：——哇，2023年友誼森林植樹(shù)活動(dòng)非常成功！——是的。我知道為了更好的環(huán)境種了很多樹(shù)?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。knew后是賓語(yǔ)從句，主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句需用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。從句主語(yǔ)trees和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞plant之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，樹(shù)被種植，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)be+done。主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)trees，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)wereplanted。故選B。15．B【詳解】句意：勞拉的媽媽很高興收到一條圍巾，因?yàn)檫@是她女兒做的?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)it(scarf)與謂語(yǔ)make“制作”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)“wasveryhappy”可知句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選B。16．B【詳解】句意：筷子是中國(guó)文化的重要組成部分。它們是在3000多年前發(fā)明的?？疾橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“morethan3,000yearsago.”可知是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)they指代筷子，和動(dòng)詞invent是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。17．D【詳解】句意：2023年3月10日，習(xí)近平第三次當(dāng)選為中華人民共和國(guó)主席?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞choose和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“被選為”。由“March10th,2023.”可知本句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。18．C【詳解】句意：上周我們每個(gè)人都得到了一個(gè)新書(shū)包?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。主語(yǔ)Eachofus與動(dòng)詞give之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)合“l(fā)astweek”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。“eachof+代詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其單數(shù)形式，故用be動(dòng)詞was。故選C。19．B【詳解】句意：——地震發(fā)生后，大量食物和水被立即送往四川雅安?！@展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)人民的愛(ài)?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句子的主語(yǔ)是“Lotsoffoodandwater”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為send，二者為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“aftertheearthquakehappened”，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故選B。20．A【詳解】句意：雖然慈善義演籌集了大量資金，但在貧窮地區(qū)，生活成本卻上漲得很快，因此，我們?nèi)匀恍枰龊芏喙ぷ鱽?lái)幫助窮人?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。raise籌集，及物動(dòng)詞；rise上升，不及物動(dòng)詞。第一空根據(jù)“agreatdealofmoneyatthecharityshowlastmonth,”可知，這里動(dòng)作應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而且money是動(dòng)作的承受者，句子使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，應(yīng)該是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：were/was+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，故第一空是wasraised；第二空根據(jù)“thecostoflivinginthepoorarea”可知，物價(jià)上漲描述的是正在發(fā)生的事情，需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。21．B【詳解】句意：——Jenny，你知道話劇《茶館》是什么時(shí)候?qū)懙膯?？——我認(rèn)為在1957年。考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。wrote寫(xiě)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)；waswritten被寫(xiě)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；iswritten被寫(xiě)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；willwrite將要寫(xiě)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)。根據(jù)“theplayTeahouse”可知話劇和write之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。22．C【詳解】句意：電視比汽車發(fā)明得早。考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。invented發(fā)明，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；isinvented被發(fā)明，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；wasinvented被發(fā)明，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；invents發(fā)明，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“TheTV”和選項(xiàng)中的invent一詞可知TV和invent之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“電視被發(fā)明”；根據(jù)句意可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選C。23．C【詳解】句意：——Dale怎么了？——?jiǎng)偛庞腥税阉桶嗌系钠渌吮容^了。他對(duì)此很不高興?？疾橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“justnow”可知，此句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)He與動(dòng)詞compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“被比較”，所以此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選C。24．C【詳解】句意：起初，機(jī)器人是為了幫助行走困難的兒童而創(chuàng)造的。考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Atfirst,therobot...tohelpchildrenwithwalkingproblems.”可知，主語(yǔ)therobot和動(dòng)詞create“創(chuàng)造”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且句子敘述過(guò)去的事情，所以句子應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/weredone。故選C。25．D【詳解】句意：大風(fēng)過(guò)后，大部分樹(shù)都被刮倒了，房子也被刮倒了?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。breakdown分解，搗毀，與“Mostofthetrees”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合“were”可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D。26．A【詳解】句意：時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)了！我不記得這張照片是什么時(shí)候在玄武湖公園拍攝的?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)thispicture和謂語(yǔ)take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選A。27．B【詳解】句意：《冰雪奇緣》是一部音樂(lè)奇幻電影，由華特·迪士尼于2013年制作。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“in2013”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，結(jié)合“byWaltDisney”可知，此處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以此處是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)（was/weredone），故選B。28．D【詳解】句意：當(dāng)我被問(wèn)的時(shí)候我沒(méi)有回答?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ididn’tanswer”可知，句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，排除C；主語(yǔ)I與ask之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)wasdone。故選D。29．D【詳解】句意：這個(gè)孩子從小就被允許選擇自己的衣服?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)kid和allow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合“fromanearlyage”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。30．D【詳解】句意：你知道第一列火車是什么時(shí)候在中國(guó)生產(chǎn)的嗎？考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。從句的主語(yǔ)thefirsttrain與動(dòng)詞produce之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)表達(dá)，詢問(wèn)過(guò)去的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，可知從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D。31．B32．A33．C34．C35．C36．A37．A38．B39．C40．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了哥倫比亞環(huán)衛(wèi)車司機(jī)JoseAlbertoGutierrez在夜班時(shí)撿到一本被當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉的書(shū)，因此與書(shū)結(jié)緣，25年來(lái)?yè)旎貎扇f(wàn)多本書(shū)并把自己的家變成了社區(qū)兒童圖書(shū)館的故事。31．句意：這里沒(méi)有公共圖書(shū)館。Theyaren’t他們不是；Therearen’t那沒(méi)有；Itisn’t它不是。根據(jù)“JoseAlbertoGutierrezgrewupandlivesinapoorneighborhoodinColumbia...anypubliclibraries.”可知，此處表達(dá)社區(qū)里沒(méi)有公共圖書(shū)館，用therebe句型，故選B。32．句意：但何塞現(xiàn)在正在用他收集的書(shū)籍改變這個(gè)社區(qū)。with用；into進(jìn)入；from來(lái)自。根據(jù)“ButJoseisnowchangingthisneighborhood...bookshecollected.”可知，此處表示何塞在用他收集的書(shū)籍改變這個(gè)社區(qū)，故選A。33．句意：25年前的一個(gè)晚上，當(dāng)他開(kāi)著卡車穿過(guò)一個(gè)富裕的社區(qū)時(shí)，他在路邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本書(shū)。drove駕駛，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；isdriving駕駛，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；wasdriving駕駛，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。根據(jù)“Onenight25yearsago,whilehe...histruckthroughawealthyneighborhood,hefoundabookontheroadside.”可知，本句為“while+主語(yǔ)+was/weredoing,主語(yǔ)+did”句型，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)，正在做……”，故選C。34．句意：它被當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉了。threwaway扔掉，過(guò)去式；wasthrowingaway扔掉，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；wasthrownaway被扔掉，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。it與throwaway構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，為被動(dòng)，表示被扔掉，故選C。35．句意：從那時(shí)起，他已經(jīng)收集了2萬(wàn)多本書(shū)。collects收集，動(dòng)詞三單；willcollect收集，將來(lái)時(shí)；hascollected收集，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“Sincethen”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C。36．句意：何塞自己小時(shí)候就輟學(xué)了，因?yàn)樗母改肛?fù)擔(dān)不起他的學(xué)費(fèi)。couldn’t不能；wouldn’t不會(huì)；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Josehimselfleftschoolwhenhewasyoungbecausehisparents...affordhisschooling.”可知，此處表示何塞自己小時(shí)候就輟學(xué)了，因?yàn)樗母改肛?fù)擔(dān)不起他的學(xué)費(fèi)。couldn’tafford“支付不起”，故選A。37．句意：他知道在這樣的社區(qū)當(dāng)孩子有多難。hard艱難的；harder更困難的；hardest最苦難的。根據(jù)“Andheknewhow...itwastobeachildinsuchaneighborhood.”可知，本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句為感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)，how+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+主+謂，故選A。38．句意：然而，當(dāng)何塞開(kāi)始收集書(shū)籍時(shí)，他的同事們讓他停止?！昂芏嗳顺靶ξ摇５?5年后的今天，他們都很驚訝。”stop停止；tostop停止，動(dòng)詞不定式；stopping停止，動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞。tellsb.todo“告訴某人做某事”，固定短語(yǔ)，故選B。39．句意：何塞的家人完全支持他，每個(gè)人都提供幫助。anybody任何人；somebody一些人；everybody每個(gè)人。根據(jù)“Jose’sfamilycompletelysupporthimand...offershelp.”可知，何塞的家人完全支持他，所以推斷每個(gè)人都提供幫助。故選C。40．句意：“我很感謝他們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺?，”何塞說(shuō)。how怎樣；what什么；where哪里。根據(jù)“Iamthankfulfor...they’vedoneforme,”可知，本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺賓語(yǔ)，故選B。41．third42．differently43．came44．potatoes45．a(chǎn)n46．with47．wastaught48．when49．their50．toface【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要通過(guò)自己的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷告訴我們要有勇氣面對(duì)任何事。41．句意：我是我媽媽的第三個(gè)女兒。three是基數(shù)詞，此處是指第三個(gè)女兒，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞，故填third。42．句意：不要把她和別人區(qū)別對(duì)待。different是形容詞，此處是修飾動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用副詞，故填differently。43．句意：我七歲的時(shí)候，有一次我走出廚房。根據(jù)“was”可知本句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填came