2022屆譯林版高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句詳解附練習(xí)

高一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法——定語(yǔ)從句詳解一．關(guān)系代詞用法定語(yǔ)從句的概念及作用：定語(yǔ)從句起到定語(yǔ)的作用，用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。Thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesintheearthquakereached300,000. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句的分類 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种复南刃性~例句that主語(yǔ)人I’mnotoneofthosestudentsthatcandohomeworkwellatanewplace.物Ihavetodomyhomeworkinaplacethathasdesksandchairs.賓語(yǔ)人Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudents(that)weeverhad.物Someofthebooksweregifts(that)hegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.which主語(yǔ)物Davidstudiedinthehighschoolwhichistheoldestoneinthecity.賓語(yǔ)物SomeofthecitiesinChina(which)helikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.who主語(yǔ)人ShewastheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishLiterature.賓語(yǔ)人Idon’tknowthenameoftheteacher(who)Isawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.whom賓語(yǔ)人Idon’tknowthenameoftheteacher(whom)Isawinthecomputerroomtheotherday.whose定語(yǔ)人IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDiane.物TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.as主語(yǔ)人Heissuchapersonascanhelpyou.物ThisissousefuladictionaryascanhelpyoulearnEnglish.賓語(yǔ)人Heisnotthesamemanashewas.物Thisissodifficultaproblemasnobodycananswer.★1.whose修飾物時(shí)，可作如下替換：Thehousewhosewindowsfacesouthisnew.Thehouseofwhichthewindowsfacesouthisnew.Thehousethewindowsofwhichfacesouthisnew.→whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhich★2.修飾物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況： ①先行詞既有人又有物Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.②先行詞被theonly,thevery,justthe,thelast及序數(shù)詞修飾ItistheonlyfilmthatIlike.ThisistheverybookthatI'mlookingfor.WhatisthefirstAmericanfilmthatyouhaveseen?③先行詞被最高級(jí)修飾ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatI’veeverread.④先行詞被all,any,every,no,some,little,alittle,few,afew,等修飾Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.⑤先行詞本身是不定代詞all,any,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything,everything等。Allthathesaidwastrue.Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?⑥主句的主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)代詞who和which時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用thatWhoisthegirlthathelpedthemanoutoftrouble?⑦先行詞為表語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞為表語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用thatHeisnolongerthelittleboythatheusedtobe.⑧先行詞為time時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo)ItisthelasttimethatIwillgiveyoualesson.⑨先行詞為theway時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)方式有三種，inwhich,that,不填I(lǐng)don’tlikethewayyouspeak.★3.指人時(shí)在下列情況下多用或須用who①關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用who.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?②先行詞為all,one,ones,everyone,anyone,nobody,或all指人時(shí)，多用who。Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.Anyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished.③先行詞為those和people時(shí)多用who。Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.Peoplewhocanseesometimesactjustasfoolishly.④在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)須用who，作賓語(yǔ)須用whom。Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworkshard.MrGreen,whomyousawinthelibraryyesterday,willteachusphysicsnextterm.

⑤在被分割的定語(yǔ)從句中須用who.AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.⑥在以therebe開(kāi)頭的句子中多用who.Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeourheadmaster.★4.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。Thosewhoareagainsttheplanpleasesignyournameshere.Anyonewhobreaksthelawistobepunished.Iwhoamyourfriendwilltrymybesttohelpyou.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomisnottheonlyoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.★5.關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略?！?.關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，因此定語(yǔ)從句中不再出現(xiàn)所替代的名詞或代詞。Thenews(that/which)youtoldusitisdisappointing.（誤）Thenews(that/which)youtoldusisdisappointing.（正）選擇題1Weshouldlearnformthose______arealwaysreadytohelpother.AwhoBwhomCtheyDthat2Finallythethiefhandedeverything______hehadstolentothepolice.AthatBwhatCwhichDas3All______isneededisacupatea.A/BthatCwhatDwhich4Hetalkedaboutthemenandbooks______interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.AthatBwhenCwhoDwhich5.Howcanyoubeartheway______hespeakstoyou?Whichofthefollowingiswrong?AinwhichBthatC/Dwhich6---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthatthereason______youhadafewdaysoff?AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere7Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho__________passedtheexam.A.hasB.have C.isD.are8.Who______knowshimwouldbelievehim?AwhomBwhoCthatDwhich9Thisisthefirstsumofmoney______thechildren’sfamilyhasreceived.AthatBwhichCwhatDas10Thisisnottheonlyapple______hasrottenaway.AwhichBthatC/Dwhat11Isthisthehouse______thegreatmusicianwasbornin?AwhichBwhereCtheoneDit12.Isthismuseum______someforeigntouristsvisitedthedaybefore?AwhichBthatCwhereDtheone13I’vereadallthebooks______ourteacherrequiresustoread.AwhichBthatCwhatDthey14Thisistheverybuilding______I’vebeenlookingforthewholemorningAwhichBthatCwhereDinwhich15Thetime______IspendonmathsismuchmorethanonEnglish.AthatBwhenCatwhichDduringwhich16Isthatthereason______hestatedatthemeeting?AwhichBwhyCforDwhat17Thisisoneofthemostinterestingmovies______Ihave______seen.Athat;everBwhich;neverCthat;neverDwhich;everGrammar定語(yǔ)從句講解（二）要點(diǎn)講解一、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用which指物或用whom指人,即:介詞+which/whom,并且which或whom不能省。Themoneywithwhichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Heisthepersontowhomyoucanturnforhelp.2.當(dāng)介詞位于定語(yǔ)從句的末尾時(shí),可用that/which(指物),that/whom/who(指人),此時(shí)可以把這些關(guān)系單詞省略。Thegentleman(whom/who/that)youtoldmeaboutyesterdayprovedtobeathief.Thisisthepen(which/that)Iwrotetheletterwith.3.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作lookafter,lookfor,takecareof,seeto等短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),這些詞中的介詞不能提前.Hereisthebook(that/which)I’mlookingfor.4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞,結(jié)構(gòu)為：all,both,few,most,several,some等+ofwhom/which.例：Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.She’sgotthreeluckypens,twoofwhichsheneveruses.InthebasketIfindmanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisblue.5.介詞+which/whom不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichtolive.=Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.=Thepoormanhasnohousetolivein.6.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用（1）根據(jù)動(dòng)詞選擇介詞Who’stheman(who/whom/that)youjustshookhands________?=Who’stheman________________youjustshookhands?(2)根據(jù)現(xiàn)行詞選擇介詞。此時(shí)介詞和現(xiàn)行詞之間構(gòu)成習(xí)慣搭配，且介詞一般位于關(guān)系代詞之前，和從句中的動(dòng)詞不存在邏輯和意義上的關(guān)系。Hestoodbythewindow,___________________hecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,__________whichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.Thereweretwothings__________whichtheytookpride.二關(guān)系副詞的用法：關(guān)系副詞起連接主句和從句的作用，又在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，when,where和why分別表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)和原因。1.when當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞時(shí)如：time,day,week,year,month,etc.用when在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，也可用“介詞in/on/by/during+which”來(lái)代替when，還可以用which或that引導(dǎo)，which或that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。比較:(1)DoyoustillrememberthedayswhenwespentthesummerholidaysinQingdao?(2)Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat/whichwespentinQingdao?（作賓語(yǔ)）(3)Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.2.where當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)如：place,school,factory,room,etc.用where在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，也可用“介詞in/at等+which”來(lái)代替where,還可用which或that引導(dǎo)，which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。比較:(1)Thisisthelabwhere/inwhichhedidtheexperiment.（作狀語(yǔ)）(2)Thisistheparkwhich/thattheyvisitedlastyear.（作賓語(yǔ)）注意：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point,situation,circumstances,stage,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。但并非所有的情況都如此。Untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.IcanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?—Yes,there’sonepointthatwemustinsiston3.why當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是表示原因的名詞時(shí)，用why在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)，也可用“介詞forwhich”來(lái)代替why.當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，則用which或that引導(dǎo)。如：Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewasfired.(作狀語(yǔ))Haveyouaskedhimthereasonthatmayexplainhissuccess?（作主語(yǔ)）4.當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是way表示“方式”、“方法”時(shí)，用that/inwhich/×在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)。way后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞不用時(shí)較多。但如果關(guān)系詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，則用which或that引導(dǎo)。比較：(1)Idon’tunderstandthewayinwhich/that/×theyworkedouttheproblem.(2)Thewaythat/inwhich/×heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.(3)Thewaythat/which/×heexplainedtouswasverysimple.5.——判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一：用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentinthecountryside.I'llneverforgetthedays_______Ispentinthecountryside.方法二：準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?DA.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?AA.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why原因狀語(yǔ))。6：注意：inwhichcase;during/atwhichtime;sincewhen;fromwhere1.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,______hewentontoCambridge.CA.fromwhich

B.afterthat

C.afterwhich

D.fromthis2.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.DA.when

B.duringwhich

C.sincethen

D.sincewhen除了上述例題外，我們還會(huì)見(jiàn)到下面的例子：1.Athome,heneverseemstohavetimeuntilafter10:30pm,bywhichtime(andbythattime)hischildrenhavegonetobed.2.Wewerenext-doorneighborsforthreeyears,duringwhichtime(andduringthis/thattime)wemetonlytwice.3.Itoccurredtohimthatitwouldsavealotoftroubletodestroytheadvertisement,inwhichcase(butinthatcase),hewouldhavetoexplaintoPeter.4.Iwastoldmyworkwasunsatisfactory,atwhichpoint(andatthis/thatpoint)Isubmittedmyresignation.被告知我的工作不能令人滿意，聞?dòng)嵑笪冶氵f交了辭呈。5.Hestoodbythewindow,fromwhere(andfromthere)hecouldseewhatwashappeningoutside.他站在窗子旁邊，從那兒他能看到外面發(fā)生的一切?！拘〗Y(jié)點(diǎn)撥】根據(jù)上面的例句，我們不妨做出如下總結(jié)：①帶有this,that的短語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要將this,that變?yōu)閣hich；②帶有here,there的短語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要將here,there變?yōu)閣here；③帶有then,now的短語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要將then,now變?yōu)閣hen；④帶有one's的短語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要將one's變?yōu)閣hose?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】（一）選擇適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞把下列句子補(bǔ)充完整。1.Hisfatherdiedintheyear_________hewasborn.2.Heisunlikelytofindtheplace_________helivedfortyyearsago.3.Doyouremembertheday_________youjoinedourclub?4.RecentlyIboughtabeautifulvase_______pricewasquitereasonable.5.Thereason_______Icamehereistogetyourhelp.6.Igotthebookinasmallbookstore,thenameof______Icannotremember.7.Iwillneverforgettheday______wefirstmet.8.Isthisthefactory_______youonceworkedfor?9.Isthatthereason_______hegaveforhisterriblebehavior?10.Thekindgirl_______sharedherumbrellawithmethismorningturnedouttobemyboss.（二）改錯(cuò)1.Isthisthemuseumtheonetheexhibitionwasheld?___________________________________2.ThatisnotthehospitalthatIstayedlasttime._______________________________________3.IamlookingforwardtothedaywhichIbecomeindependent.___________________________4.Whydoyoubelieveapersononcetoldsomanylies?__________________________________5.NobodywillforgettheearthquakehappenedinSichuan._______________________________6.Heisoneofthestudentswhoisneverlate.__________________________________________（三）單項(xiàng)填空1.DoyouknowthereasonTomdidn’tcomeyesterday?A.which B.why C.who D.that2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.A.which B.where C.that D.when3.Isthisthereasonshegavefornotfinishingherhomeworkyesterday?A.why B.forwhich C.that D.towhich4.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.where B.which C.while D.when5.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A.which B./ C.ofwhich D.bywhich6.Theoldmantoldus_____thedays______hewaspoorweregone.A.that,when B.what,when C.when,that D.something,that7.Ishallneverforgettheday____ShenzhouVwaslaunched,____hasagreat

effectonmylife.

A.when;which

B.that;which

C.which;that

D.when;that8.Iwalkedinthegarden,____TomandJimweretyingabigstringontooneof

the

trees.

A.which

B.when

C.where

D.that9.Wesawseveralnativeswalkingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,________wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich10.Let'sputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,______theweathermaybebetter.

A.as

B.then

C.if

D.when11.Wearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneoncomputer. A.which B.that C.whose D.when12.

Winter

is

the

time

of

year

_____

the

days

are

short

and

nights

are

long.

A.

that

B.

which

C.

when

D.

whose

13.Is

there

anyone

in

your

class

_____

family

is

in

the

city?

A.

which

B.

whose

C.

what

D.

who

14.Alecaskedthepoliceman_____heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.

A.withhim

B.who

C.withwhom

D.whom

15.Thenewly-builtcafé,thewallsof________arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which16.Guncontrolisasubject__________Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich17.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that18.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy__________wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich19.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_________hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat20.China

is

the

country

_____

he

spent

the

best

part

of

his

life.

A.

where

B.

which

C.

in

that

D.

at

which

21.Have

you

got

anything

_____

belongs

to

me?

A.

which

B.

that

C.

of

which

D.

what

22.Thisisthemagazine_____Icopiedtheparagraph.A.that B.which C.fromthat D.fromwhichGrammar定語(yǔ)從句講解（三）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不十分密切，只對(duì)其做一些附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉主句的意義仍然完整，先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句往往有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，不能用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞:who,whom,whose,which關(guān)系副詞：when,where例: Ihavetwobrothers,whoarebothstudents.Ihavelostthebike,whichIlikeverymuch.Lucy,whomyoumetattheparty,wasmyeldersister.CharlesDickens,whoseworksareword-famous,ledasimplelife.Iwillseethemanagertomorrow,whenhewillbebackfromAmerica.MyparentswillflytoShanghai,wheretheywillstayforseveraldays.Thereweremanythingsleft,someofwhicharealmostfinished.Thereweremanypassengersonthebus,someofwhomwerechildren.※限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別一、先行詞內(nèi)容有所不同大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)，而特殊情況下非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由which引導(dǎo)。Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.此句是有which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的一句話。二、關(guān)系詞的使用情況有所不同1.所有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞均可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，大多數(shù)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，但that,why不可。2.關(guān)系代詞替代情況不同關(guān)系代詞whom在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用who代替whom,但whom在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不可用who來(lái)代替。HegavehismotheracolorTVsetforherbirthday,thatpleasedheralot.(×)Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whohewantedtoimpress.(×)Thisisthegirlwhom/whoImetinthestreet.(√)Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoimpress.(√)Shehasasister,whoisteacher.(√)3.關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同：關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省去，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的所有關(guān)系詞均不可省。例1.Thisisthebook(which/that)helostyesterday.例2.Thebook,whichhelostyesterday,hasbeenfound.※as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句一.as用作關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，構(gòu)成,thesame…as…,such…as…,so…as…等結(jié)構(gòu)。Ilikethesamebookasyouhave.Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.1.“such．．．that．．．”表“如此……以致……”的意思，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；而“such．．．a(chǎn)s．．．”表“像……這（那）樣”的意思，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，as在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主、賓、表語(yǔ)等。試比較下列兩個(gè)句子：MrChengaveussuchadifficultquestionasnobodyworkedout.MrChengaveussuchadifficultquestionthatnobodyworkeditout.2.“thesame．．．that．．．”表同一人或物，而“thesame．．．a(chǎn)s．．．”表同種類的東西。試比較下列兩個(gè)句子：ThisisthesamebookthatIlost．這就是我丟失的那一本書(shū)。（指同一本書(shū)）ThisisthesamebookasIlost．我丟失的那一本書(shū)一模一樣。（并不是原來(lái)的那一本）二.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以代主句的全部或部分內(nèi)容。常表說(shuō)話人關(guān)于說(shuō)話的依據(jù)、態(tài)度、評(píng)論、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定語(yǔ)從句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等動(dòng)詞的主、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句。as的這種用法通常出現(xiàn)在一些固定短語(yǔ)之中如：1.ashasbeensaidbefore;asissaidabove如上所述2.asmaybeimagined正如可以想象出來(lái)的那樣3.asweknow;asiswellknowntoall/us眾所周知4.aswasexpected正如預(yù)料的那樣5.ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣6.asweallcansee正如我們都會(huì)看到的那樣；7.asisoftenthecase,這是常有的事8.asisreported正如所報(bào)道的例如：1．Mike，asweexpected，attendedthemeeting．2．Hewasn'tunconscious，ascouldbejudgedfromhiseyes．3.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.4.Asisknown,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.三.which與as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別；1由as,which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句的后面，意為"這一點(diǎn)"；as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在主句之前、之中或之后，as含有"正如、正像"之意。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Thiselephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.四.關(guān)系代詞whom,which,that在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ)，而該介詞又位于從句末尾時(shí)，經(jīng)常省略，但as一般不省略。練習(xí)：_________isknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina._________weallknow,hestudiesveryhard.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountry,______hasagreateffectonmylife.Englishbeginnerscan’tunderstandwhatforeignerssay,_________isoftenthecase.Hedoesn’tlikethefilm,_________isthecasewithme.練習(xí)1.HestayedinEnglandfor2years,during________timehestudiedEnglishdayandnight.2.Hewascaughtsmokinginthekitchen,for_______reasonhewasfired.3.You’relateforclassagain,in_________caseyoumustapologizetotheteacher.4.Hecameherein1980,since_________hehaslivedhere.5.Heseldomfinisheshisworkontime,________alwaysmakeshisbossveryangry.AthatBasCitDwhich6.Thefamousfootballstar,________decidedtoretire,attractedalotofattention.AwhoBthatCwhichDhe7.Wegrowallourvegetablesandfruit,_________savesmoney,ofcourse.AwhichBasCthatDwhat8.Mr.GreenisanAustralian,______Iknowfromhisaccent.AwhoBwhomCwhichDthat9.HehadtogotoShanghaionbusinessonApril10,________happenedtobehiswife’sbirthday.

A.when

B.which

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D.then10.Thebookwaswritt