銜接點06新課6Unit3Gettingalongwithothers（語法寫作預習）（譯林版2020）

新課6Unit3Gettingalongwithothers（語法寫作預習）1.語法：由關系代詞引導的限制性定語從句2.Writing：介紹類文章語法精講：由關系代詞引導的限制性定語從句在復合句中作定語，修飾主句或主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句由關系詞引導。限制性定語從句表現(xiàn)為在意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語，若省略，主句的內容就不完整或失去意義；它和主句的關系十分密切，不可用逗號分開。先行詞是被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關系詞指代先行詞，在從句中作一定的句子成分。引導定語從句的關系代詞有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。[觀察例句]1．Doyouknowthemanthat/whoiswaitingoutside.2．Heshowedmethephotos(that/which)hetookonhistriptoXi'an.3．Simonisthepoormanwhosecarhasbeenstolen.4．Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.5．Thetreesthat/whicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.6．ThenanotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.7．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.8．Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.[歸納用法]一、定語從句的先行詞先行詞是定語從句修飾和限定的成分，從構成上而言，它可以是名詞、代詞、名詞性短語等；從句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主語、賓語、表語等。下面，我們從兩個實例來看一下定語從句及其相關成分的分布：找出下列定語從句中的先行詞①Isthisthebookwhichyourfatherboughtforyou？ thebook②Whoisthemanthatisspeakingtoyourmother？ theman③Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.theman ④Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields. Somepeople二．判斷定語從句的關系代詞的方法：如果名詞或代詞后有一個句子，并且該名詞或代詞在句子中充當成分，則該句子就是定語從句。主要按照以下三步來判斷：1.找準先行詞（定語從句前的名詞或代詞）。2.把先行詞還原到定語從句中，看充當什么成分。3.根據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中所充當?shù)某煞忠约熬湟鈦磉x用適當?shù)囊龑г~。三．關系代詞的基本用法關系代詞指代在從句中的成分that人/物主語/賓語/表語which物主語/賓語/表語who人主語/賓語/表語whom人賓語whose人/物定語四．易混的關系代詞辨析：（一）that和which1.用that，不用which的情況①當先行詞為不定代詞：everything,anything,nothing,all,any,much,many,some,few,little,none等或當先行詞被no,some,any,all,much,little等詞修飾時，只能用that。Togetthejobstarted,allthatIneedisyourpermission.要開始工作，我所需要的是你的許可。

IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事嗎?

Heansweredfewquestionsthatwereaskedbythereporters.他幾乎沒有回答記者提問的問題。②當先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame等詞修飾時。That’stheonlythingthatwecandonowThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.這正是我找的鋼筆。③當先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksthatweresoldinthisbookstore.這是這家書店售出的最有趣的書之一。

Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.該做的第一件事是弄點吃的。④當先行詞中同時包括人和物時。I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.我要談論一下我訪問的國家和人民。⑤當要避免與疑問詞which重復時。

WhichistheTshirtthatfitsmemost?那件體恤衫最適合我？2.用which，不用that的情況①在非限制性定語從句中Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的運動。②介詞提前時，不用that，而用which，介詞不提前時，用that和which都可。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(that/which)myfatherlivedinlastyear.這是我父親去年居住過的房子。（二）thesame…as…和thesame…that…①thesame…as…表示“類似的一個，而不是同一個”（相似性）②thesame…that…表示“同一個”（同一性）Ihaveboughtthesamewatchasyouhave.我買了一塊和你的一樣的手表。（相似的，非同一個）ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.這就是我丟的那塊手表。（同一個）五．關系代詞易錯點：1.關系代詞的省略關系代詞做賓語時，在限制性定語從句中可省略，在非限制性定語從句中不省略。Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定語從句中作visit的賓語，可以省略）杭州是我總想?yún)⒂^的一個美麗城市。Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定語從句中作visited的賓語，不可省略）杭州是一個美麗的城市，我上周去參觀過。2.從句中代詞的重復多余定語從句中的引導詞指代先行詞,從句中不能再出現(xiàn)指代該先行詞的代詞。ThebookthatIreadityesterdayisveryinteresting.（×）ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.（√）我昨天讀的那本書很有趣。3.what不引導定語從句定語從句中有關系代詞that和which而沒有what，what可以引導名詞性從句。Allthatweneedisasupplyofoil.(that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞all)Whatweneedisasupplyofoil.(what引導主語從句)我們需要的是石油供應。4.that不引導非限制性定語從句（用逗號隔開）在非限制性定語從句，不能用關系代詞that。如果指代“人”，用who/whom，指代“物”，用which。Thebasketballstar,whotriedtomakeaeback,attractedlotsofattention.這位打算復出的籃球明星引起了很多關注。Hehasbeeadoctor,whichhewantedtobe.他成為了一名醫(yī)生，這是他以前一直夢想的。5.whose+n.=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.名詞之前必須有the。Iliveintheroomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.我住在窗子朝南開的房間里。6.定語從句中的主謂一致:關系代詞在定語從句中做主語時,從句謂語通常與先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。注意：當先行詞為“oneof+復數(shù)名詞”

時定語從句的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；當先行詞為“the(only/very)oneof+復數(shù)名詞”

時定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.他是一個樂于助人的好學生。Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.他們是樂于助人的好學生。Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraised.他是一個受到表揚的學生之一。Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised.他是唯一一個受到表揚的學生。7.關系代詞前有介詞時(介詞提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.六.宜用who不宜用that的情況Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.SheoftentellsmethatIcanbeanyonewhoIwanttobe,aslongasI’mconfidentofsuccess.用法歸納當先行詞是指人的代詞anyone

、those、one、ones或he

、they等時,關系代詞宜用who。七、定語從句的時態(tài)TheprofessorwhoislecturingnowisfromCanada.TheprofessorwholecturedyesterdayisfromCanada.TheprofessorwhowilllecturetomorrowisfromCanada.用法歸納定語從句的時態(tài)一般不受主句的時態(tài)的影響,主要根據(jù)從句謂語動詞表示的動作的發(fā)生時間、具體的語境和意義而定。八、定語從句的主謂一致Sheisoneofthestudentswhowanttogoabroad.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowantstogoabroad.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.用法歸納1.因為關系詞指代的是先行詞,當關系詞在從句中作主語時,從句的謂語動詞的單復數(shù)應該和先行詞保持一致。2.當從句前為“oneofthe+n.\[pl.\]”且關系詞在定語從句中充當主語時,定語從句修飾的是這個復數(shù)名詞,因此定語從句中的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。3.當定語從句前為“theonlyoneofthe+n.\[pl.\]”且關系詞在定語從句中充當主語時,定語從句修飾的是“theonlyone”,因此定語從句中的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。一.單句語法填空1.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhose

shoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.2.Davidhadabraindiseasewhich/that

preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren.3.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhich

theatreismade.4.Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64who/that

didnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.5.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewho

wasleftbehind.6.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthat

heowns.7.Thisisthemostseriousandworstsituationthat

IhaveeverexperiencedasafanoftheNBA.8.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonsthat

herememberedintheschool.9.Heisthemanwho/thathasofferedsomeusefuladvice.10.Itisthemostexpensivehotelthathehaseverstayedin.11.Heistheboyofwhomweareproudinourschool.12.Thebuildingwhosedoorsarewhiteisanofficebuilding.13.Anyonewhohashelpedtosavetheoldmanisworthpraising.14.Sheistheonlyoneofthechildrenwhois(be)goodatmusichere.15.ThefirstplacethatshevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.16.Wedon'tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesintheflood.17.Thosewhowanttogotothepartymustbeattheschoolgateby5p．m.18.Thefilmthat/whichyouarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeonnextweek.二.完成句子1.你使用筷子的方式是重要的,以避免使你的同伴生氣。Thewaythat

/Thewayinwhich

youhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.2.在中國古代有一位畫家,他的畫栩栩如生。InancientChinalivedanartistWhosepaintingswere

almostlifelike.3.他是唯一在昨天的會議上受到表揚的學生。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised

atyesterday’smeeting.一.單句語法填空1.Allmyclassmatesenjoyedthecake___________Imade.2.Shehasabrother_____________nameIcan'tremember.3.Itisbelievedbymanypeoplethattheman__________makesnomistakesdoesnotusuallymakeanything.4.MysisterTinalikesreadingnovels__________werewrittenbyCharlesDickens.5.ItisanAustralianpany_____________logolookslikearedkangaroo.6.Thebook_____________Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterdayisveryinteresting.7.Thisisthebestfilm_____________wehaveevermadeaboutfriendship.8.Ireallyadmirepeople______________canworkinsuchdifficultconditions.9.Theman_____________wemetinthestreetjustnowusedtobemyEnglishteacher.10.Iadmiretheway___________hesolvestheproblem.(which/that)2.whose3.who/that4.which/that5.whose6.(which/that)7.(that)8.who/that9.(who/whom/that)10.(inwhich/that)二.短文語法填空I'dskippednearbyGuilin，1.isadreamplacefortourists2.(seek)thelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver3.arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.Instead，I'dheadedstraightforYangshuo.Forthose4.flytoGuilin，it'sonlyanhourawaybycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuoisreallybeautiful.Astudyoftravellers5.wasconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinations6.arefamousintheworld.Andthetownisfastbeingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleandtheirfamilies7.areinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent，8.isatravelpanyinHongKong，saysit9.(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople10.liveinShanghaiandHongKong.1.which2.seeking3.that/which4.who5.that/which6.that/which7.that/who8.which9.regularly10.who/that寫作精講介紹類文章本單元的寫作任務是描述一下好的朋友應具備的品質。寫此類文章時，我們可以分三個部分來寫作。寫作要求是說明真正的朋友應具備的品質，寫作時應注意下面幾點：1．文章應以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。2．由于是就對方的問題表達自己的看法，所以人稱應該以第二人稱和第三人稱為主。[基本框架]1．開頭——先總體介紹一個好的朋友應該是怎樣的；2．主體——然后再分別介紹一個好的朋友必須具備的幾種品質；3．結尾——最后進行總結。[常用詞塊]1．a(chǎn)boywithgreatability一個能干的男孩2．a(chǎn)promisingwriter一位有前途的作家3．sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力地去做某事4．haveawiderangeofinterests興趣廣泛5．getonwellwith與……相處融洽6．a(chǎn)considerateperson體貼別人的人7．bewillingtohelpothers樂于助人8．beexpertin/at善于……9．beingoodhealth/shape/condition身體健康10．gainscholarship獲得獎學金11．gain/winthefirstprize/place獲得一等獎/第一名12．beawardedwiththetitleof獲得……的稱號/頭銜13．makegreatcontributionsto對……作出巨大貢獻14．setagoodexampletosb.為某人樹立好榜樣15．toone'scredit值得贊揚的是16．careaboutsb.關心某人17．showrespectforsb.尊重某人18．berude/kindtosb.對某人無禮/和藹可親[常用語句]※精彩開頭1．Astheoldsayinggoes，“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”常言道：“患難見真情?！?．AsfarasI'mconcerned，tobuildagoodrelationship，weshouldtrusteachotherfirst.就我個人而言，要建立良好的關系，我們首先應該彼此信任。3．Inmyopinion，agoodfriendshouldbe...在我看來，一個好朋友應該是……4．Frommypointofview，agoodfriendislikelyto...從我的觀點來看，一個好朋友很可能……※正文佳句1．SheisLiHua，an18-year-oldgirlstudentinClassOne，GradeThree.Sheisopen-minded，easy-goingandenthusiastic.她叫李華，18歲，是三年級一班的一位女學生。她心胸開闊，性格隨和，熱情好客。2．Lastbutnotleast，heiswarm-heartedandwillingtohelpothersinneed.最后但同等重要的是，他是熱心的，愿意幫助有需要的人。3．Hisgreatpersonalityhasgainedtheirrespect.他偉大的品質贏得了他們的尊重。4．Shemakesapromisethatshewillbehaveherselfandsetagoodexampletoschoolmates.她承諾，她會表現(xiàn)好的，并為同學們樹立好榜樣。5．Mymother，ahousewifeof45yearsold，ismyfavoriteperson.Sheisalwaysdressedveryneatlywithasmileofcontentmentonherface.我最喜愛的人是我的媽媽，一個45歲的家庭主婦。她總是穿著整齊，臉上帶著滿足的微笑。6．Asformypersonality，IthinkI'mveryhonestandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.性格方面，我覺得自己是一個坦誠和富有責任心的人。7．Sheistallandslimwithbigbrighteyesandblackhair.她個子高挑，身材苗條，有一雙大而明亮的眼睛和一頭黑發(fā)。8．Beinghonestisthefirstfactorthatagoodfriend...誠實是一個好朋友的首要因素……9．Secondly，beinggenerousis...第二，慷慨是……10．Lastly，beinghelpfulisasimportantas...最后，幫助別人和……一樣重要?！辔督Y尾1．Generallyspeaking，agoodfriendshouldhave...通常來說，好朋友應該具有……。2．Inaword，agoodfriendshould...總之，好朋友應該……。假如你是李華，你的同學Lucy發(fā)現(xiàn)被好朋友欺騙了，很是苦惱，不知道還該不該繼續(xù)她們的友誼。于是她向你詢問“什么是真正的朋友？”請你根據(jù)下面的提示給她寫一封電子郵件。1．真正朋友的特點是：……2．學著去了解別人，找到真正的好朋友；3．表達祝愿。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJohn，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.Yours，LiHua【學生習作】DearLucy，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.I'dliketoofferyousomeadvice.Beforeyoumakeadecision，you'dbetterthinkthewholethingthrough.Yourfriendreallytrickedyouonpurpose.It'stimeforyoutoletgoofyourfriendship.Firstofall，agoodfriendisapersonyoucantrust.Secondly，whenyouwillgetintotrouble，yourfriendwilltrytohelpyouout.Thatis，agoodfriendshouldbehelpful.Thirdly，agoodfriendshouldbeunderstanding.Wheneveryoufeelsadorlone，he/sheiswillingtosparesometimetokeepyoupany.Ihopethatyouwillfindatrulygoodfriendandhe/shewillalsovalueyouverymuch.Yours，LiHua點評：1.左欄的文章中運用了含狀語從句、賓語從句、定語從句等的復合句。2.offer，thinkthrough，trick，onpurpose，letgoof，getintotrouble，help...out，helpful，understanding，bewillingtodo，sparesometimetodosth，keepsbpany，truly，value等的應用也恰到好處。3.文中含有時態(tài)錯誤(如whenyouwillgetintotrouble)和詞語誤用(lone應為lonely)。4.分段不合理，如將第二、三段合并為一段，全文采用三段式就好了。【升格作文】DearLucy，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.I'dliketoofferyousomeadvice.Beforemakingadecision，you'dbetterthinkthewholethingthrough.Ifyourfriendreallytrickedyouonpurpose，it'stimeforyoutoletgoofyourfriendship.Firstly，agoodfriendisapersonyoucantrust.Secondly，whenyougetintotrouble，yourfriendwilltrytohelpyouout.Thirdly，agoodfriendshouldbeunderstanding.Wheneveryoufeelsadorlonely，he/sheiswillingtosparesometimetokeepyoupany.Ihopethatyouwillfindatrulygoodfriendwhowillalsovalueyouverymuch.Yours，LiHua一假定你是李華，希望通過外籍老師John找一位英語筆友。請寫一封信，描述一下你理想中筆友的條件，并說明為什么選這樣的筆友。具體條件包括：1．年齡；2．性別；3．愛好(旅游、運動、養(yǎng)寵物等)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．開頭和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)；3．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJohn，I'mwritingtoaskwhetheryouareabletodomeafavour.Yourssincerely，LiHua【參考范文】DearJohn，I'mwritingtoaskwhetheryouareabletodomeafavour.Iwanttohaveapenfriend，hopefullyagirlinherearlytwenties.Sheshouldbeinterestedintravelling，swimming，andplayingtabletennis.Besides，itwouldbebetterforhertohaveapetdogasIhavekeptoneathome.Withsuchapenfriend，Ihopewecansharewithherourexperiencesintravelling，takingcareofpetsandsoon.IhopeIwillimprovemyEnglishbydoingso.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Yourssincerely，LiHua二你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題,寫一篇短文參賽,內容包括:1.人物簡介;2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.短文題目和首句已為你寫好。ThepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.答案ThepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.Asforme,myfatheristheoneIrespect.Heisadoctorandalwaystakesapositiveattitudetowardslife.

TherearevariousreasonswhyIadmirehim.Asadoctor,heisdevotedtohisjob,saying“Nothingismoreimportantthansavingalife,howeverdifficultitis.”InMarch,hevolunteeredtogotoWuhan,determinedtohelpthosesufferingfromCOVID?19despitetheriskofbeinginfected,whichmademepromotetheunderstandingofbraveryandresponsibility.Asafather,notonlydoeshecareaboutmylife,buthealsoinspiresmetosetahighaimandstriveforit.Butforhisencouragement,Icouldn'thavemadesomuchprogress.Suchismyfather,agreatmanwhosetsagoodexampleformeandIlovehimagreatdeal.一.閱讀理解AATourAroundTasmania,AustraliaetoTasmania,Australiaforagreattouraroundthecoasts,wetlands,rainforests,nationalparksandmountainsinsearchofitsuniquewildlifeandbeautifulscenery.Expecttoseedifferenttypesofwildlifefromlittlepenguinstoalargenumberofbirds.Withjust10placesavailable(可獲得的),allguestswillhaveadeeplypersonalexperience,inafriendlyatmospheredesignedtohavelittleeffectontheplacesvisited.TourDetails:◎Lastingupto12days◎Travelingonfootorbyboat◎Asmallgrouptourwithjust10guests◎LedthroughoutbybiologistNickMooney◎Seeingsomeunusualandendangeredwildlife◎Stayingin4?starhotels,wood?builtrainforesthousesandfarms◎VisitingMountFieldNationalPark,CradleMountain,MariaIslandandBrunyIslandThetourisperfectforthosenature?lovers,asitactsasafantasticintroductiontoTasmania'samazingplantsandanimalsandhowitisbeingprotectedwhileallowingthosewithadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotectiontoobserveagreatmanyspeciesonland,intheskyandatsea.Emailusattobooknowandwewillprovideyouwithmoreinformation.1.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetour?A.Itisaguidedtourbyabiologist. B.Itlaststendays.C.Itoffershotelsforfree. D.Itoffersabus.2.Whatshouldpeopledoonthetour?A.Protectnature. B.Feedwildlife.C.Stayawayfromforests. D.Visittwelveattractions.3.Howshouldthetourbebooked?A.Byphone. B.Byemail.C.Byletter. D.Bygoingtoatravelpany.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文,主要介紹了澳大利亞的塔斯馬尼亞之旅。1.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TourDetails部分中的“LedthroughoutbybiologistNickMooney(由生物學家NickMooney全程帶領)”可知,這次旅行由一位生物學家擔任向導。故選A。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“allguestswillhaveadeeplypersonalexperience,inafriendlyatmospheredesignedtohavelittleeffectontheplacesvisited(在一個旨在對參觀的地方?jīng)]有什么影響的友好的環(huán)境中,所有的客人都將有一次非常私人化的經(jīng)歷)”可知,人們在旅行中應該保護大自然。故選A。3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Emailusattobooknowandwewillprovideyouwithmoreinformation.(現(xiàn)在請給我們發(fā)送郵件至預訂,我們將為您提供更多的信息。)”可知,人們應該通過發(fā)送電子郵件預訂這趟旅行。故選B?！靖哳l詞匯】1.insearchof...為了尋找……2.sceneryn.風景3.atmospheren.氣氛,環(huán)境4.haveeffecton...對……有影響5.upto多達6.throughoutadv.自始至終;遍及7.endangeredwildlife瀕危野生動植物8.fantasticadj.極好的;了不起的9.observev.觀察10.speciesn.物種11.forfree免費12.stayawayfrom遠離13.attractionn.向往的地方;有吸引力的事【熟詞生義】bookv.預訂【差距詞匯】biologistn.生物學家長難句原句Thetourisperfectforthosenature?lovers,asitactsasafantasticintroductiontoTasmania'samazingplantsandanimalsandhowitisbeingprotectedwhileallowingthosewithadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotectiontoobserveagreatmanyspeciesonland,intheskyandatsea.分析該句是一個主從復合句。as引導的是原因狀語從句,在該原因狀語從句中,how引導的是賓語從句,作introduction后介詞to的賓語,與Tasmania'samazingplantsandanimals并列,whileallowingthose...是帶有連詞while的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,withadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotection為介詞短語作后置定語,修飾前面的those。譯文對于那些熱愛大自然的人來說,這是一趟完美的旅行,因為它以絕妙的方式介紹了塔斯馬尼亞令人驚奇的動植物,以及該地在允許那些對野生動植物保護有深刻理解的人可以觀察陸地、天空和海里的許多物種的同時是如何受到保護的。BThehiketoChoquequirao,thelostIncacity,isoneofthemostdifficultthingsinPeru.FromthetownofCachora(161kmwestofCusco),it'san18?kilometerwalktotheCapuliyocMountain,thendowntoPlayaRosalina,wheretravellerscampforthenight.Wakingearly,travellersthenhavetocrosstheApurímacRiverandwalkuphilltocampclosetotheruins(殘垣斷壁).Then,thenextmorning,it'sanother2?kilometerwalkuptotheruins,3.1kmabovesealevel.Togetback?Well,it'sthesamewaythatyoutakewhenyoue.“I'vehadpeopleintheir60sand70sdoit,”saidaguide.“Butsomepeopleerightoutandsaythatbecauseit'sonly28km,theycandoitinaday.Sixorsevendaysforthehikeisbest.”Itmakessense,then,thatChoquequiraodrawsonlyabout30peopleadayduringthehighseason,paredtothe2,500peoplewhoarriveatthefamousIncacity,MachuPicchueachday.Butforthosewhomakethejourney,therewardsaregreat:beautifulmountainviews,andthechancetoexplorethewonderfulruins.BelievedtobecreatedaroundthesametimeasMachuPicchu,Choquequiraoisactuallylargerthanbetter?knownMachuPicchu.ButverylittlehasbeenwrittenaboutPeru'sotherlostcitiesandresearchersarestillunearthingnewpartsoftheruins.Butofficialssaythatthebuildingofthefirstcablecar(纜車)toChoquequiraowillshortentheseveral?daywalktoa15?minutecablecarride.Asaresult,thenumberoftravellerscouldreach3,000perday.Choquequiraoisbeautifulnowbecauseofhowuntoucheditis.EventhoughthelostcitywasdiscoveredbyaSpanishexplorerin1710,theruinsstillmakeyoufeelasthoughyouwerethefirsttofindthem.Willitbethesamewhenmoretravellersfloodin(大量涌入)?4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowhighChoquequiraois. B.HowtogettoChoquequiraoeasily.C.WhatgreatviewsChoquequiraohas. D.HowhardthetriptoChoquequiraois.5.InwhatwayisChoquequiraodifferentfromMachuPicchu?A.Choquequiraoisolder. B.Choquequiraoisquieter.C.Choquequiraoissmaller. D.Choquequiraoisbetterknown.6.WhatstatearetheruinsofChoquequiraoin?A.They'restillbeingdugout. B.They'reingenerallypoorcondition.C.They'rebeingrepairedatthemoment. D.They'vebeenresearchedinternationally.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChoquequiraointhefuture?A.Itwillbemoreattractive. B.Itwilldevelopatalowspeed.C.Itmaynottakeaturnforthebetter. D.Itwon'tbemorepopularthanMachuPicchu.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了印加古城喬昆丘拉。4.D主旨大意題。第一段第一句為本段的主題句,指出了去往喬昆丘拉的徒步旅行非常艱難(oneofthemostdifficultthings),后文中的“an18?kilometerwalk”“thendownto”“thenhavetocross”“walkuphill”“another2?kilometerwalk”具體說明了去喬昆丘拉的旅途的艱難。故選D。5.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的MachuPicchu可定位到第三段和第五段。根據(jù)第三段中的“30people”和“2,500people”的對比可知,去喬昆丘拉的人比去馬丘比丘的人要少得多,所以喬昆丘拉更安靜。故選B。根據(jù)第五段的“Believedtobecreatedaroundthesametime...Choquequiraoisactuallylargerthanbetter?knownMachuPicchu”可知,喬昆丘拉和馬丘比丘幾乎一樣“古老”,但喬昆丘拉更大,馬丘比丘更出名,故A、C、D三項可排除。6.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句中的“researchersarestillunearthingnewpartsoftheruins”可知,廢墟仍在挖掘中。故選A。7.C推理判斷題。題干問的是作者對喬昆丘拉的未來的看法,文章中并未出現(xiàn)直接反映作者態(tài)度的詞匯,故需從作者的文字描述中推測隱藏的情感信息。最后一段談到喬昆丘拉因為未受影響(untouched)而美麗,最后一句作者提出問題“當更多的游客大量涌入后,它還能這樣嗎?”,這其實表達了作者的擔憂,作者擔心喬昆丘拉在未來不一定會變得更好,故選C?！靖哳l詞匯】1.makesense講得通2paredto與……相比3.rewardn.回報v.獎勵4.explorev.探索5.asaresult結果6.eventhou