人教版中考英語一輪復習動詞三單式的構(gòu)成及用法

英語動詞三單式的構(gòu)成及用法（附練習及答案）一、基本概念：在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當英語句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時謂語動詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式（簡稱三單式）。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：在動詞后面加-s，加-s的方法跟名詞變復數(shù)相同。1．一般在詞尾加“-s”。如：make-makeshelp-helpsride-ridessee-sees，s在清輔音后發(fā)音為[s]，在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為/z/。如：help－stops/helps/;make－makes/me?ks/read－reads/ri:dz/;play－plays/ple?z/2．在s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加“-es”。如：pass-passesfix-fixeswash-washeswatch-watches，“es”讀/iz/如：wash-washes/w??iz/3．以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾時，變y為i，再加“-es”，如：carry-carriesstudy-studies4．以“元音字母＋y”結(jié)尾時，加“-s”如：play-playsstay-stays5．以“輔音字母＋o”結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)在詞尾加“-es”，讀[z]

如：如：do-does/d?z/,go-goes/g??z/6．be動詞的單三式為is

7.have動詞的單三式為has三、基本用法：1、當he，she，it，以及具體某個人名或者事物名稱做主語時，謂語動詞需要使用三單式。如：HecomesheretostudyEnglish.Itlookslikeabird.UncleWangoftenhelpsothers.2、當非謂語動詞(動詞不定式，動名詞)做主語時，謂語動詞需要使用三單式。Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisgoodforourhealth.Tofindthethiefisn`teasy.3、不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等以及指示代詞this,that充當主語時使用三單式。如：Everyoneishere.Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.Thisisanapple.4.不可數(shù)名詞充當主語時，謂語動詞需要使用三單式。如：Themilkissour.Thebreadtastesverysweet.5、當數(shù)字或字母充當主語時，謂語動詞需要使用三單式。如：8isaluckynumber.DisthefourthletterinEnglish.6、時間、長度等表示一個整體概念的短語或者是一個句子充當主語時，謂語動詞需要使用三單式。20minutesisenough.Whatheneedsismoney.Youdidn`tfinishyourhomeworkontimemakesyourteacherangry.7.含有動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子變疑問句或者否定句時，要用does或doesn't+動詞原形。如：ShewatchesCCTVNEWSeveryday.(改成疑問句)→DoesshewatchCCTVNEWSeveryday?Helikesplayinggames.(改成否定句)→Hedoesn`tlikeplayinggames.8.對含有動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子提問時，要用助動詞does，如：Shegoestoschoolat7:30everyday.(對劃線部分提問)→Whattimedoesshegotoschooleveryday?練習:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)read_____study_____have_____pass_____carry_____drink_____go_____come____say____do______teach______stay_____make____watch____plant_____fly_____brush_____fixsit_____finish_____play_____talk____smoke_____hit_____二、用所給動詞的正確形式填空：1.It________(take)meanhourtofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.2.--Howmanyworkersdoyouwant?--Ithink20workers________(be)enough.3.Thisnewexpressway________(be)about1000kilometers.4.There________(be)somegoodnewsonthenewspaper.5.TomandJane________(have)passedtheexam.6.10,000years________(be)toolongbutseizethehours.7.Shealways________(help)me.8.Tim________(have)anewmobilephone.9.What________(do)itlooklike?10.Taiwan________（belong）toChina.11.Ourgovernment________(be)activelyrespondingtothesuddenfloodpeak.12.Theboss________(seem)tothinkhighlyofher.13.People________(be)worriedabouttheoutbreakofWorldWarIII14.Children'seducation________(have)alottodowiththeirparents'goingouttowork.15.EitheryouorI________(be)wrong.參考答案：一、read-readsstudy-studieshave-haspass-passescarry-carriesdrink-drinksgo-goescome-comessay-saysdo-doesteach-teachesstay-staysmake-makeswatch-watchesplant-plantsfly-fliesbrush-brushesfix-fixessit-sitsfinish-finishesplay-playstalk-talks