2024屆山東省臨沂市高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)第二次高考模擬考試英語試題

2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）

英語試卷

本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)100分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷

上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

PetHotels

WheretoBoardYourPetDuringtheHoliday?Hereareafewcomfortablepethotelsforyou.SearchforPet

Hotelsinourapptofindtheselistingsonamapthathavespacesavailablefortheupcomingholidays.Rememberto

showyourvaccinationrecordsincasepetsarerejected.

B&MpetHotel

Priceperday:Acat,15dollars.Dogboardingrooms,from28to68dollars.

Booking:ContactGoldenChenviacallorWeChat（GoldenChen68）

Animalsallowed:Alsowelcomesrabbits,turtles,guineapigsandmore.

Services:Dogtraining,andfourdailywalksfordogs.

Someone'sPet

Priceperday:Adog,from23to60dollarsaccordingtosize.Itis18dollarspercat,withanadditionalchargeof

10dollarsforeachadditionalcat.

Booking:Cal18917471594.

Animalsallowed:Bothcatsanddogsarewelcome.

Services:washing,groomingandpetbeauty.

PetBambooMansion

Priceperday:Acat,20dollars.Fordogs,56dollars.

Booking:CalrcontactBuddyDogviaWeChat.

Animals-allowed:Accommodatebothcatsanddogs.

Services:Fordogs,therearethreewalksperday,andswimmingfacilities.

Offera20-40%discountforreservingthem,inadvance.

CozypetTown

Priceperday:Acat,14dollars.Adog,rangingfrom20to34dollarsdependingonsize.

Booking:AddtheowneronWeChat(CozyPetTown)

Animalsallowed:Onlycatsanddogs

Services:Swimming,training,grooming.

1.Whichhoteloffersthelowestpriceforthreecatsperday?

A.B&MPetHotel.B.Someone'sPet.

C.PetBambooMansion.D.CozyPetTown.

2.WhatisspecialaboutPetBambooMansion?

A.ItrequirescontactviacallandWeChat.

B.Ithasvariousroomsfordogsbasedonsize.

C.Itoffersdogwalkingandswimmingfacilities.

D.Itprovidesapreferentialpriceforearlybooking.

3.WhatdopetownersdotobookaroomatCozyPetTown?

A.Calltheownerdirectly.B.Visitthehotelinperson.

C.ContacttheownerviaWeChat.D.BookthroughthePetHotelsapp.

B

BillBryson'sphenomenallypopularbooksareagreatsuccessofamateurenthusiasmoverscholarlyexpertise.In

thehighlyreviewedShakespeare(2007),heracedusthroughtheplaywrighfslifeandworksin222pages;AShort

HistoryofNearlyEverything(2003)washis624analysisof"everythingthathashappenedfromtheBigBangto

theriseofcivilisation^^——anditremainsthebest-sellingsciencebookofthe21stcenturysofar.Canhemakeitagain

withAReallyShortJourneyThroughtheBody,whichpromisesusa“headtotoe"tourin138pages?

Inhisbooksforadultreaders,Bryson'ssuccesshaslaininanabilitytoturnvast,complexsubjectsintoaneasy

andpleasantnarrative,filledwithtinyfactsandoddstories.Hislatestbook,whichfollowshisadulttitleTheBody

(2020),isaimedatchildrenasyoungaseight,forwhomthisprovenwritingstyleworkswell.

“Nodoubtaboutit,thehumanbodyisatrulyremarkablething,“Brysonwrites,andifstheremarkablefactsthat

interesthimthemost.Didyouknowthatyoublink14,000timesaday?Orthatittakessevenbillionbillionbillion

atomstomakeyou?AndthatifyouformedallyourDNAintoasingleline,itwouldreach10billionmilesacrossthe

solarsystem?

Freshdoctorsmightfindsomeoftheentriesfrustratinglybrief.Thetongue,forexample,receivesonlya

paragraph,while,achapter,entitledTooandFarts9,isrelativelydetailed:"Inyourlife,you'llprobablypoothe

weightof5carsbutyou911haveeatentheweightof60.Sothafsnotaterribleresult.^^

Biologybookscanbeheavyweather;butBryson'sskill,asever,istoturnthestoryofthehumanbodyintoa

thoroughlydigestibleread.

4.WhatdoBryson'slatestbookandTheBody(2020)haveincommon?

A.Theyareeasytoread.B.Theyarebothaboutphysics.

C.Theyareintendedforadults.D.Theyarebothbest-sellingbooks.

5.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?

A.Toanalyzethestructureofthebook.

B.Toillustratetheattractionofthebook.

C.Toshowthescientificvalueofthebook.

D.Todisplaythemaincontentsofthebook.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“heavyweather^^meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Packedwithfacts.B.Weather-related.

C.Hardtounderstand.D.Popularandreadable.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anintroductiontoabook.B.Anessayonbiology.

C.Anewsreportonscience.D.Abiographyofawriter.

C

Strategicallyaddingweakpointsalongmicroscopicchainscalledpolymers（高分子聚合物）actuallymakesthem

hardertotear,researchersreportintheJune23Science.Polymersareusedincartires,andthereforethefindings

couldhelpreduceplasticpollutionastiresweardownovertime.

Whentiresrubagainsttheroad,theydropmicroplasticsofrubberandplasticpolymers,whichpollutewaterways

andair.Everyyear,tiresreleaseanestimated6millionmetrictonsofthesemicroplasticsintoenvironment.Stronger

polymersthatbreakapartlesseasilycouldlimittheamountofparticlesshedannually.

Tomakesuchtoughmaterials,StephenCraig,achemistatDukeUniversity,andcolleaguesaddedmolecules

calledcross-linkerstothepolymers.Thesecross-linkersconnectedthesepolymerchainstotheirmanyneighbors,and

theywerespecificallydesignedtobreakaparteasily.Atthemicroscopicscale,thepolymersactlikeatangle（舌L團(tuán)）of

spaghettiwiththecross-linkersholdingthemalltogetherandhelpingthemkeeptheirshape,saysCraig9scollaborator

ShuWang,achemistatMIT.Whentheteamstretchedthepolymerspaghetti,theindividualcross-linkersbrokeeasily,

asexpected.Butthelargertanglematerialrequiredmoreforcetobreakthantheyexpected.

Thesecrettotheincreasedtoughnessliesinthepaththetearhastotake,Craigsays.Theteargoesthroughthe

easy-to-breakcross-linkersratherthanthroughthetougherpolymerchains.Eachbrokenconnectionfollowsthepath

ofleastresistancebutavoidingthelongpolymerchainsmeansbreakingmanycross-linkers,whichrequiresmore

stretchingforceoverall.

Thisisn'tthefirsttimeresearchershaveusedweakconnectorstomakepolymersstronger.Butunlikeinsimilar

materials,theincreasedtoughnessdoesn'tcomeattheexpenseofotherbeneficialpropertieslikestiffness（風(fēng)度）.

Craigsayshehopesthefindingswillhelpextendthelifetimesofcartiresandplastics,potentiallylimitingannual

microplasticpollution.

8.Whatbenefitdoesthenewmaterialbring?

A.Itmeetstheroadstandard.B.Itweakensplasticpolymers.

C.Itreleaseslessmicroplastics.D.Itreducesthecostofcartires.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutthetanglematerial?

A.Itfollowsthepatternofspaghetti.B.Itisdesignedtofallaparteasily.

C.Thepolymershelpkeepitsshape.D.Thelargertangleishardertobreak.

10.Whatistheprimaryfactorthatcontributestotheincreasedtoughness?

A.Theweaknessofthecross-linker.

B.Thestrengthofthepolymerchains.

C.Thenumberofthecross-linkersused.

D.Thepaththeteartakesthroughthematerial.

11.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefinding?

A.Itinitiallyusesweakconnectors.B.Itsacrificesstiffnessfortoughness.

C.Itlengthensthelifespanofcartires.D.Itremovesannualmicroplasticpollution.

Everfeeldisconnectedduringastressfulevent?Thatcouldbeyourbrainprotectingyou.Duringtraumatic（痛苦

的）situations,peoplemightexperienceanunexpectedwaveofemotionalindifferenceorfeellikethey'veseparated

fromrealityandarehavinganout-of-bodyexperience.Thesesymptomsofdisconnectdescribedissociation,adefense

mechanismthatseparatesthreateningfeelingsandideasfromtherestofsomeone'smind.Butwhydoourminds

sometimesdissociatewhenwe'reexperiencingstressfulevents?

Typically,thesympatheticnervoussystem,whichisresponsibleforour“fightorflight“response,activateswhen

apersonisinupcomingphysicaldanger.Mammals,includinghumans,evolvedtohavethisresponse,asitpushes

themtosurvivebyfightingorescapingfromdanger.Dissociationisanotherwaythenervoussystemisreadyto

respondtotraumawhenfightorflightappearstobetoodangerousorimpossible.

Dissociationcanprotectsomeoneinthemomentsothattheyarementallyseparatedfromasituationcausing

physicalpain,emotionalpainorboth.Oftentimes,victimsofabusereportdissociationduringtheeventorhaving

foggymemoriesofaneventafterthefactduetodissociation.

Nevertheless,problemscanariseifpeoplecontinuetodissociateevenoncethey'reseparatedfromtheintense

trauma,asopposedtorelyingonothercopingmechanisms,forexample,helpfromaprofessional.Manypeoplewho

continuetodissociateoftenstrugglewithdailystress,likemeetingworkdeadlinesorspeakingwithpeers.Manyfeel

disconnectedintheirrelationshipsandmayfindthemselvesunconcentratedduringwhatusedtobeusualinteractions

ortasks.

Butthegoalofaddressinglong-termdissociationisn'ttodoawaywithit.Afterall,itcanbeausefulstrategyto

helpsurviveadangeroussituation.Butmemoriesofthetraumaticeventareoftendisruptiveandpainful,sohaving

somedistancefromthatcouldmeanabetterqualityoflifeafterthetrauma.

12.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A.Itdefineswhatdissociationis.

B.Itemphasizesthevalueofdissociation.

C.Itlistsdifferentsymptomsofdisconnect.

D.Itexplainswhyweexperiencestressfulevents.

13.Howdoesdissociationworkonvictimsofabuse?

A.Byerasingtheirmemories.

B.Bygettingridoftheiremotionalpain.

C.Byprotectingvictimsfromphysicalpain.

D.Bydistancingthevictimsmentallyfromthereality.

14.Whatmighthappenifpeoplecontinuetodissociate?

A.Failingtofocusontasks.B.Meetingworkdeadlines.

C.Havingabetterqualityoflife.D.Relyingonothercopingmechanisms.

15.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?

A.Traumaticeventsareavoidable.

B.Dissociationneedstobehandledproperly.

C.People'swell-beingisbasedonthedistance.

D.There5reenoughcopingstrategiesfortraumas.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Wakingupatthecrackofdawnandgoingforarunmightfeelawfulwhenyoustarttryingtomakeitahabit.

Weavingasignificantnewactivitysuchasthisintoyourregularroutineobviouslytakesdeterminationandtime.

16

Onepopularideasuggeststhatittakes21daystosolidifyahabit.Peopletendtofeelextramotivatedtostarta

newhabitorkickanoldone.17YeteveryJanuary21veryfewpeoplecanboastthattheyhavekepttheir

resolutions.

Everyonehasauniquehabit-buildingtimeline.18Expertssuggestvariousindividualizedwaysto

practicefrequently,whicheventuallyturnataskintoanunconscioushabit.

19Teachingyourselfacompletelynewskillorprocessobviouslytakeslongerthanrememberingto

drinkmorewaterinthemorning.A2015studyfoundthatnewgym-goershadtoexerciseatleastfourtimesaweek

forsixweeksinordertodevelopanexercisehabit.Theresultsshowedthatcreatingahandwashinghabittookafew

weeks.20Anyway,handwashingislesscomplexandoffersmoreopportunitiestopractice.

Theresearchersalsosuggestedthathabitformationdependsontheeffortthatapersonputsintopracticingan

activityandonthepresenceofenvironmentalcuesthatwouldremindthemtocarryoutthebehavior.

A.Thetypeofactivityisalsoafactor.

B.Thestrategiesofactivityimpacttheway.

C.Peoplewanttoformahabitofexercisingregularly.

D.Buthowmuchtimeisreallyneededtomakethathabitstick?

E.ItmightsoundeasilyreachabletomakearesolutiononNewYear'sDay.

F.Bycomparison,ittookhalfayearforpeopletodevelopanexercisehabit.

G.Howeverlongitisforanyindividual,repetitionisthekeytomakingitwork.

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)

涂黑。

Imaginesuddenlywakingupatmidnight,21forair,heartpounding,feelingtenseandexperiencingthis

nightafternight.The22ofthelackofsleepwasthe23needtoliedownandfallasleepfor2-3hours.

Thiswasmyexperiencethroughoutthesummerof2021.

Iguessitmayhavebeeninpartthe24thepandemichadonmymentalhealthaswellasotherworries.

Duringthedaylighthours,I25myselfinvariouswaysbutatnightduringsleepmyfearand26

wouldcometothesurface.I27Ineededtofindwaystodealwithmyworries.

Aftermuch28,Ibegantoseektheassistanceofmedicine,whichwasatoughdecisiontomake.Butit

29well.Imadesuretowalkinnatureasmuchaspossibleandcontinuedmyyogapractice.Slowly,Ifoundmy

waybacktomyself.

However,life30anothercurveballintomylife.InDecember2023,thosenighttimefeelingsthat31

meflowedintomydaysagain.Iturnedtofriendsandfamily,whoencouragedmetoseekprofessionalhelp.I32

toatherapistspecializedinthisfield,andtogether,weanalyzedtheproblemsandappliedtherelated33to

copingwiththem.Whiletheprocessdidn'tgo34,mysymptomsgraduallydisappearedwithmyeffortsatlast.

Inconclusion,thisiswhatIwouldliketosay-whenintrouble,reachoutforhelp,talktofamilyandfriends,

yourdoctororacounsellor.Taketimetotakecareofyourself,youareworththe35.

21.A.strugglingB.searchingC.beggingD.waiting

22.A.causeB.resultC.priceD.condition

23.A.anxiousB.practicalC.temporaryD.urgent

24.A.pressureB.emphasisC.effectD.limit

25.A.foundB.displayedC.occupiedD.enjoyed

26.A.concernB.surpriseC.puzzleD.guilt

27.A.suggestedB.recognizedC.claimedD.guaranteed

28.A.complaintB.debateC.preparationD.resistance

29.A.wentB.workedC.behavedD.reacted

30.A.slidB.threwC.rolledD.sank

31.A.ignoredB.ensuredC.robbedD.disturbed

32.A.leftoutB.pointedoutC.reachedoutD.passedout

33.A.approachesB.disciplinesC.assumptionsD.patterns

34.A.permanentlyB.potentiallyC.smoothlyD.thoroughly

35.A.passionB.freedomC.strengthD.effort

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TherearemanyfolkstoriesinChina.Amoregenerally36(accept)legendgoesthathumanswere

createdbyagoddessnamedNuwa,37hadahumanheadbutthebodyofasnake.Asshetraveled38

earth,Niiwabegantofeellonely.Soshetooksomeyellowearth,39(mix)itwithwaterandformedahuman.

Thisnewpersonimmediatelybegandancingaboutandshoutingin40(happy).Niiwawaspleasedsoshe

continuedtoformotherpeople41theworldwasfullofhumans.

Later,GongGong,thegodofwater,andZhuRong,thegodoffire,hadagreatfight,42(create)amess

intheheavensandontheearth.Intheend,GongGonglost.Hewassoangrythathehithishead43Buzhou

Mountain,whichwasholdingupthesky,andthemountainfell.Astheskybegantofall,alltheplanetsandthestars

startedtomovetothenorthwest,leavingaholeinthesky.Worriedthatherhumanswouldbekilled,Nuwatook

stonesoffivedifferentcolors,meltedthemandthenusedthemtocoveruptheholeinthesky.44(keep)the

skyfromfalling,sheputaturtle'slegateachcomertoholditup.Inthisway,humans45(save).

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

假如你是李華，請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文向校英文報(bào)LaborandHealth欄目投稿，內(nèi)容包括:

1.一次難忘的家務(wù)勞動(dòng)經(jīng)歷；

2.你的收獲和感受。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

AMemorableHouseworkExperience

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Insecondgrade,whileotherkidsplayedoutside,Istayedbehindatmydeskandcreatedbooksfromconstruction

paper.Usingthelimitedvocabularyofaneight-year-old,Iwrotestoriesanddreamedofonedaybecominganauthor.

Mysecond-gradeteacherurgedmyparentstonurture（培養(yǎng)）thisdesire,buttheydidn'ttakemydreamseriously.

Throughadulthood,thedesiretowriteremained.Thedreamneverdiedbutthereweremorecertainwaysto

generateincome,soIwascontroledindifferentdirections.NoneofthejobsIheldaffordedmetheopportunityto

write,andraisingtwodaughtersgavemelittlefreetimetopursuebecominganauthor.However,Iheldontothe

dreamthathadflickered（閃爍）inmeasachild.

Attheageoffifty-eight,Icontinuedtomanagetheofficeofmyhusband5sconstructioncompany,butIwas

lookingforsomethingthatwouldfillthevoid（空虛感）ofournowemptynest.Writingstoriesandsharingthemon

socialmediafilledsomeofthatvoid,andthestoriesgotquiteafewlikes,butitnevercrossedmymindasI

approachedmysenioryearsthatwritingcouldbeacareerforme.

Oneday,Imetafriendfromhighschoolwhowasalsomyfriendonsocialmedia.Wehadn'tseeneachotherin

severalyears,soIwalkedovertogreether.Anticipatingthatherfirstwordswouldconsistofhowlongithadbeen

sincewe'dseeneachother,Iwasshockedatwhatshespokeout."Youwanttowrite.Youneedtowrite.9,

ShehadbeenreadingthestoriesIsharedonsocialmediaandhadalwayscommentedwithencouragingwords.

Butnoonehadeverspokenthesewordstome.Ihadneverevenspokenthesewordsoutloudtomyself.Thosesimple

wordssheutteredlitaflamethathadonlybeenaflickerforalongtime.Deepinside,IknewIstillwantedtobean

author.Iwantedtofollowmyfriend^advice.Iwantedtowrite.Ineededtowrite.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Iwenthomethatdayandsetouttowriteastory.

Onedayafterayear,Ireceivedane-mailfromthemagazine.

2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）

英語試題參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

2024.05

第一部分閱讀（每小題2.5分；滿分50分）

1?3B/CDC4?7ABCA8?11CDDC12?15ADAB

16?20DEGAF

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（每小題1分；滿分15分）

21?25ABDCC26?30ABDBB31?35DCACD

第二節(jié)語篇填空（每小題1.5分；滿分15分）

36.accepted37.who38.the39.mixed40.happiness

41.until/till/and42.creating43.against/on44.Tokeep45.weresaved

第三部分寫作（滿分40分）

第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）

AMemorableHouseworkExperience

LastSunday,Ididathoroughcleaningatmyhouse,whichleftaprofoundimpactonme.

Inthemorning,armedwithapieceofrag,amopandawastepaperbox,Iwipedthedustoffallthefurniture

andmoppedthefloor.Afterthat,Ichangedthebedsheet.AndthenIcollectedbooks,newspapersandotherthings

scatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.Ittookawholemorningjusttogetmyownroomneatandtidy!

Gazingaroundtheroom,Ifeltasenseofquietprideenvelopingme.MymothergavemeahugandIcouldsee

satisfactioninhereyes.TiredasIwas,Ineverfeltsohappy.

應(yīng)用文寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

一、評(píng)分細(xì)則

1.本題總分為15分，分五個(gè)檔次進(jìn)行評(píng)分。

2.評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)主要從內(nèi)容組織、詞匯語法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)方面考慮。具體為：

（1）對(duì)于內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的覆蓋情況以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。

⑵使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確性、恰當(dāng)性和多樣性。

（3）上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。

3.評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)作答的整體情況初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來綜合衡量確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。

4.評(píng)分時(shí)還應(yīng)注意：

（1）詞數(shù)少于60的，酌情扣分。

（2）單詞拼寫和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是寫作規(guī)范的重要方面，評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮，英美拼寫及詞匯用法均

可接受。

（3）書寫較差，以至影響交際的將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。

二、各檔次的給分范圍和要求

第五檔：（13-15）能寫明全部要點(diǎn)，語言基本無誤，行文連貫，表達(dá)無誤。

第四檔：（10T2）能寫明全部或絕大部分要點(diǎn)，語言有少量錯(cuò)誤，行文不夠連貫，表達(dá)基本清楚。

第三檔：（7-9）能寫明基本要點(diǎn)，語言雖有較多錯(cuò)誤，但能基本達(dá)意。

第二檔：（4-6）能寫出部分要點(diǎn)，語言錯(cuò)誤多，影響意思表達(dá)。

第一檔：（b3）只能寫出一兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)，里面錯(cuò)誤很多，只有個(gè)別句子正確。

第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）

Onepossibleversion:

Iwenthomethatdayandsetouttowriteastory.Theinspirationforthestorycamefromtheencouraging

mo