由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句（精講精練） 原卷版

2/2由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系副詞在從句中的作用與“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的關(guān)系表示時(shí)間的名詞：time,day,year等。when作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)＝at/in/on/duringwhich表示地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所的名詞：park,place,country,house等。where作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)＝in/at/to/onwhich表示原因的名詞：thereasonwhy作原因狀語(yǔ)＝forwhich1.when，表示時(shí)間，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time，day,hour,year等。e.g.July4thisthedaywhenAmericanscelebratetheirindependence.(7月4日是美國(guó)人慶祝獨(dú)立的日子。)2.where表示地點(diǎn)，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表永她點(diǎn)的名詞，如place，factory,house,village等。e.g.Thecitywherehelivesisverybeautiful.(他居住的城市非常美麗。)3.why表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞一般是reason這個(gè)詞。e.g.ThatisthereasonwhyIdidn'tgototheparty.(那就是我沒有去參加派對(duì)的原因。)I.關(guān)系副詞wherewhere表示地點(diǎn)，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如place，factory,house,village等。將1.2兩句話連成一句：1.Thehotelwasveryclean(那家旅館很干凈。)2Westayedatthehotel.(我呆在那家旅館。)Thehotelwherewestayedwasveryclean.where在從句中代替atthehotel,作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)【誤區(qū)提示】當(dāng)行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，如果關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.這是我爺爺在40年前建造的房子。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that/which,不用關(guān)系副詞Where)當(dāng)Position，Point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞充當(dāng)光行詞時(shí)，若定語(yǔ)從句中缺少狀語(yǔ)，則用where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.把孩子們放在一個(gè)能夠讓他們從不同的角度看待自己的環(huán)境中，這對(duì)他們有幫助。II.關(guān)系副詞whenwhen表示時(shí)間，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time，day,hour,year等。I'llneverforgetthetimewhenwefirstmet.(我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們第一次相遇時(shí)的情景）【誤區(qū)提示】當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，既可以用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，也可以用that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)鍵要看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作何種成分。若關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，則用when引導(dǎo)；若關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？(when在從句中作狀語(yǔ))Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?你還記得我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)一起度過(guò)的那些日子嗎？(that/which作spent的賓語(yǔ))III.關(guān)系副詞whywhy表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞一般是reason這個(gè)詞。ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasthatIworkedhard.(我獲得一份工作的原因是我工作努力。)why在從句中代替reason，作原因狀語(yǔ)可以用關(guān)系代詞表述Thereason(that)/forwhichIgotajobwasthatlworkedhard.【誤區(qū)提示】若替代先行詞reason的關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，則用that/which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我堅(jiān)決不聽你提供給我們的那個(gè)理由。(定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以用which/that,不用why)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Itwasinthevillage____________helived____________wemetbychance.A．that;that B．that;where C．where;that D．where;where2．Hasthedoctoreverencounteredacase____hewasunabletocurethepatient____theirlong-standingillness?A．that;of B．when;with C．inwhich;with D．where;of3．Adults,____overlyconcernedwithfameandfortune,sometimesfailtoseethejoyinsimplethings____childrendonot.A．unless;but B．when;where C．a(chǎn)lthough;and D．evenif;unless4．_________wasknowntousallthatJohnfellintothecondition_________hisheartdisqualifiedhimformilitaryservice.A．As;which B．What;that C．It;where D．It;that5．Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A．which;and B．a(chǎn)nd;which C．that;where D．a(chǎn)nd;where6．Doesanyoneknowthereason______herefusedtosignthedocument?A．why B．which C．that D．who7．Facedwithmanydilemmasshehadtomakehardchoices,LinQiaozhialwaysputothersfirst.A．a(chǎn)s B．that C．where D．when8．Plantsgetthenutritionfromthesoil______theygrow.A．what B．which C．that D．where9．TheSpaceCampisaneducationalcamp______childrencanlearnaboutspacetravelandhavelunchwithanastronaut.A．how B．where C．that D．a(chǎn)s10．Mymothercanalwayscreateapleasantfamilyatmosphere________allmemberscareforeachother.A．which B．when C．where D．that11．StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A．that B．where C．why D．which12．Finning,atypeoffishing________sharksarecaughtandtheirfinscutoff,killsmillionsofsharkseveryyear.A．that B．which C．where D．when13．GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinXi’an—thecity________onceIworkedfortenyearsisnolonger________itwas.A．that;what B．inwhich;that C．where;what D．/;that14．Itwasinthisimportantcompetition________Igotsecondplace________Irealizedmyhardworkindeedchangedmycareerpath.A．when;that B．where;thatC．where;when D．that;where15．—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber’s______Igo.It’sonly15.A．which B．that C．who D．where二、語(yǔ)法填空16．Manycountriesaresettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.17．I’llneverforgetthedayIwonthefirstprizeinthe100-metreraceinschool.18．Thereusedtobearestaurantthisstorestands—Brady’srestaurant.19．Gonearethedayssurgerymeantcuttingapatientopen.Modernmedicineoffersdoctorslessinvasivetoolstooperateondisease-strickenbodies.20．Hetoldusthedayshewasyoungweregone.21．ThisisthelasttimeI’llgiveyoualesson.22．Thereasonhewaslatewasunclear.23．Thisisthereasonhewaslateforthemeeting.24．Creatinganatmospherestudentsfeelfreetoexpressthemselvesisabigchallengeforusteachers.25．Thisisthehousetheinventorlived.26．Wehavecometothepointeveryonehasdifferentopinions.27．Winterwasanawesometimeancientpeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind.28．Theyhavebuiltaparkinglotneartheneighborhood,thereisachargeforparking.29．Theymadearesolutiontogoonahiketoaplacetherewasneithernoisenorpollution.30．Asyoucansee,thereasonI'mheretotellthestoryis31．Iwon’tforgetthethreeyearsIlivedonthefarmwithfarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.32．Theteachertriestocreateanatmospherethestudentslikestudying.33．Thereisnosimpleanswer,isoftenthecaseinscience.34．Disney,moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewfilmcompany.35．Seaice,polarbearsspendmuchoftheirlives,ismeltingfasterthanexpertspredicteditwould.36．Snowfellinthepolarregions,itdidn’tmeltbutcollectedtogreatdepths.37．Onemajorbreakthroughcamein1990,theHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunched.38．Thefinalproofcamewhenanenormousshipyard(discover)inNanjing,thefleethadbeenbuilt.39．Morenature-centredtouristattractions,manandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpacted.三、翻譯40．史密斯先生是一位著名的科學(xué)家，我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)________________________________________________________________________________________41．我寫信是想告訴你，我叔叔李明要去你住的城市開會(huì)。（where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）(漢譯英)_________________________________________________