2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化專練考點05七選五含解析

考點05七選五Passage1（2024·河北高三月考）Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.1．Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue.2．Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.Othersrespondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynotrealizetheyhavethisproblem.3．MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2024.However,astudybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheybecomeadults.Andonlyoneinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor.4．"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincoln,Neb.Deesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness.5．Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowingwho—andhow—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A．Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B．Somemaystartabusingalcoholordrugs.C．Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D．Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E.Thereisalinkbetweenmentalillnessandsuicideinteens.F.Butforsometeens,thoseemotionstakeamoreextremeturn.G.Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon.【答案】1．F2．D3．A4．C5．G【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章中介紹了青少年患抑郁癥的現(xiàn)象。青少年患抑郁癥的狀況越來越嚴(yán)峻。但是，問題在于發(fā)覺抑郁癥很難，甚至連青少年本人都沒有意識到自己的問題。專家提出，家長、老師和青少年本人都要關(guān)注青少年抑郁的問題。1．上文“Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.”（對于青少年來說，生活是充溢挑戰(zhàn)的。他們必需同時兼顧學(xué)業(yè)、家庭生活和摯友。哀痛、懊喪和易怒的心情是很常見的。）以及下文“Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment”（他們的消極心情不會來來去去。相反，這些劇烈的感覺可能導(dǎo)致一種叫做抑郁癥的疾病，可能須要治療。）依據(jù)空前和空后內(nèi)容可知，該空和上文應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后文中提到的抑郁癥是消極心情極端化的體現(xiàn)。F選項：但對一些青少年來說，這些心情發(fā)生了更極端的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選F。2．上文“It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue”（人們很簡潔認(rèn)為抑郁的人只是感到哀痛或無望。對很多青少年來說，這可能是真的。）下文“Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious”（老師、家長甚至是青少年的密友可能很難推斷這些行為是青少年的一部分，還是一些真正嚴(yán)峻的跡象。）由此推知，抑郁很難發(fā)覺。D選項hardtospot切題。故選D。3．下文“MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2024”（2024年，超過300萬12歲至17歲的美國人經(jīng)驗過抑郁癥。）該空引出下文，A選項“受影響的比例很高”符合語境。故選A。4．依據(jù)下文精神健康專家Dee說的話“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme”（我只會依據(jù)患者告知我的狀況開展工作。）C選項“青少年應(yīng)當(dāng)對自己的問題做出誠懇的回答”符合語境。故選C。5．依據(jù)空后的“thesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression(這些行為可能是抑郁癥的癥狀)”可知，該空應(yīng)當(dāng)指出抑郁癥的一些行為。G選項“Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚至逃課也可能是有嚴(yán)峻問題發(fā)生的信號)。該選項中的even是對前文“symptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的遞進(jìn)。故選G。Passage2（2024·南昌縣蓮塘第一中學(xué)高三月考）KeystoaGoodFamilyLifeWeoftenseepicturesofhappyfamilies,buttherearecomplicationsanddynamicsinfamilylife.Allfamilieshaveproblems,butyoucanmakeyourfamilylifebetterwithhardworkanddetermination.6．.Spendtimetogetherasafamily.Setasidetimetoplanandspendspecialtimestogether.Familytimeattheweekendmightbewatchingamovietogether,playingbowls,afamilybarbecueoragametogether.7．Doinghouseholdchorestogetheralsohelps;theyhavegottobedonesouseteamworkandbuildrelationshipsatthesametime.Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.Althougheachpersonarepartofafamily,theyshouldbeencouragedtospendtimedoingthingstheychoosetodevelopintheirownuniqueway.8．9．.Hearingsomeoneelse,andbeingheardbythatperson,isthefoundationofagoodrelationship.Eachfamilymemberhashisorherownopinionsorsuggestions.Theyareallowedtohaveviewsthatdifferfromyours.Solistenwithanopenmindandrememberthatnooneisperfect.Meeteachother’sneeds.Givetimetoeachandeveryoneofyourfamilymembers.Listentotheirproblems.Iftheyneedhelpwithsomething,setasidetimetodoso.Don’tignoremembersofyourfamilybyworkingorbeingbusyonyourphoneallthetime.Don’tscreamorshout.Alwaystalkrespectfully.10．,ifsomeoneinyourfamilyhasdonesomethingwrongorbetrayedyourtrust.A．Trytostaycalmandgivethemtimetoseeyourpointofview.B．Everydayitshouldbeeatingatleastonemealtogether.C．Respectyourfamilymembers’feelingsandideas.D．Thesestepswillhelpyouallgetonwell.E.Tryapplyingthefollowingfivesteps.F.Beinghard-workinganddetermined,youwillbemuchhappierwithyourfamily.G.Thatway,eachfamilymembercanfindself-expressioninpositiveandhealthyways.【答案】6．E7．B8．G9．C10．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了全部家庭都會出現(xiàn)問題，但是你可以通過努力和決心來改善家庭生活并給出了使家庭美妙的幾點建議。6．依據(jù)上文“Allfamilieshaveproblems,butyoucanmakeyourfamilylifebetterwithhardworkanddetermination.”（全部家庭都會出現(xiàn)問題，但是你可以通過努力和決心來改善家庭生活。）結(jié)合下文介紹了改善家庭生活的五個步驟，可知E項“嘗試應(yīng)用以下五個步驟”符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選E。7．依據(jù)此段主題句“Spendtimetogetherasafamily.”（與家人共度時間）可知，B項“每天至少要一起吃一頓飯”屬于其中之一，符合語境。故選B。8．依據(jù)此段主題句“Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.”（允許每個人都是一個個體）可知，此段強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，再結(jié)合上文“Althougheachpersonarepartofafamily,theyshouldbeencouragedtospendtimedoingthingstheychoosetodevelopintheirownuniqueway.”（雖然每個人都是家庭的一份子，但他們應(yīng)當(dāng)被激勵花時間做一些用自己的獨特方式來做的事情）可知G項“這樣，每個家庭成員都可以找到主動健康的自我表達(dá)方式”符合語境，eachperson與G項的eachfamilymember呼應(yīng)。故選G。9．設(shè)空處為本段主題句。依據(jù)下文“Eachfamilymemberhashisorherownopinionsorsuggestions.”（每個家庭成員都有自己的看法或建議）可知，本段主要講解并描述要敬重家人的看法。C項“敬重你家人的感受和想法”可以作為本段主題句。故選C。10．依據(jù)本段主題句“Don'tscreamorshout.”可知，本段的建議是不要大喊大叫。結(jié)合空后內(nèi)容“ifsomeoneinyourfamilyhasdonesomethingwrongorbetrayedyourtrust.”（假如你家里有人做了錯事或背叛了你的信任）可知，A項“試著保持冷靜，給他們時間來了解你的觀點”符合語境，選項中的staycalm呼應(yīng)主題句，them指代下文的someoneinyourfamily。故選A。Passage3（2024·西藏昌都市第一高級中學(xué)高三期末）Peoplerefusetochangethethingstheyhatebecausethey’reafraid．Onceyouletgoofyourfears,you’llrealizethatwhateverhappens,you’llbeOKandbeabletocreateabetter,happierlifeforyourself．11．Makealistofthethingsyouhateaboutyourlife．Bespecific．Don’tsay“Ihatemyjob”butinsteadlistthethingsyouhateaboutit,suchasyourschedule,thepayoryourcoworkers．Dothesamewithotherareasofyourlife．12．Ifyouhateyourbody,yourlackofself-respectorthewayyouactwithothers,includethatinyourlistaswell．13．Forexample,youcanaskforaraise,startlookingforanewjoborworkonabetterrelationshipwithyourcoworkers．Ifyoufeeloverwhelmed,startwithsmallersteps,suchaslistingthepositivethingsaboutthethingsyouhate．Youmighthateyourjob,butyoualsohaveafirmmonthlysalaryandmedicalbenefits．Letgoofthepast．Youmightnotbeabletoforgiveyourparents,yourexorthatfriendthathurtyou,butyoudon’tneedtoletthepainruleyourlifeeither．KatieByron,authorof“LovingWhatIs”,emphasizestheimportanceofacceptingthatcertainthingscannotbechanged．14．KeepaThankYoujournal．15．Everyday,trytofindafewthingsyou’regratefulfor．Itcanbesomethingassimpleashavingsomebodygiveyouhisseatinthebusoropeningthedoorforyou．Oritcanbeacomplimentoranemailfromafriend．Focusingonthepositivewillmakeiteasiertoseethatgoodthingsarealsopartofyourlife．A．Don’tlookonlyoutsideyourlife．B．Agoodchangeisasgoodasarest．C．Buthowcanyoustophatingyourlife?D．Listpositivethingsyoucandotochange．E.Nevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou．F.Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepositiveinyourlife．G.Instead,focusonthepresentandwhatyoucandotomakeyourlifebetter．【答案】11．C12．A13．D14．G15．F【分析】這是一篇說明文。人們通常不情愿變更自己對于厭惡的事物的固有印象，往往是因為人們膽怯 做出這種變更。假如你試著放下自己的恐驚，就會發(fā)覺你能夠通過這種變更為自己創(chuàng)建更華蜜的人生。文章就此給出了幾點建議。11．上文提到“Onceyouletgoofyourfears,you’llrealizethatwhateverhappens,you’llbeOKandbeabletocreateabetter,happierlifeforyourself．”（一旦你放下了恐驚，你就會意識到，無論發(fā)生什么，你都會沒事的，并且能夠為自己創(chuàng)建更美妙、更歡樂的生活。）結(jié)合下文給出了一些建議可知，C項：Buthowcanyoustophatingyourlife?（但是你怎樣才能停止憎恨你的生活呢?）符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選C。12．上文講到，詳細(xì)排列出在生活中不喜愛的東西，而不是籠統(tǒng)的一大類事物，結(jié)合上文“yourschedule,thepayoryourcoworkers.Dothesamewithotherareasofyourlife.”（你的時辰表，工資還是你的同事。在你生活的其他方面也做同樣的事情）以及下文“yourlackofself-respectorthewayyouactwithothers”（你缺乏自尊或你與他人相處的方式）可知，自己的內(nèi)在以及處事方式，也包括在內(nèi)。由此推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)陳述我們不僅要關(guān)注生活之外的事情，A項：Don’tlookonlyoutsideyourlife.（不要只看你生活之外的東西）符合語境，選項中的Don’tlookonly對應(yīng)上文的otherareasofyourlife。故選A。13．設(shè)空處為本段的主旨句。依據(jù)下文“Forexample,youcanaskforaraise,startlookingforanewjoborworkonabetterrelationshipwithyourcoworkers.”（例如，你可以要求加薪、起先找一份新工作或改善與同事的關(guān)系。）可知，本段主要談?wù)摰氖侵鲃又鲃拥刈鲆恍┳约耗茏龅淖兏項：Listpositivethingsyoucandotochange.（列出你可以變更的主動的事情。）符合語境。故選D。14．依據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Letgoofthepast”（放開過去）可知，本段建議放下過去。上文提到“KatieByron,authorof“LovingWhatIs”,emphasizestheimportanceofacceptingthatcertainthingscannotbechanged.”（凱蒂·拜倫是《愛原來的東西》一書的作者，她強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受某些無法變更的事實的重要性。）結(jié)合選項可知，G項：Instead,focusonthepresentandwhatyoucandotomakeyourlifebetter.（相反，專注于現(xiàn)在，想想自己能做些什么來讓生活變得更好。）與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境，選項中的whatyoucandotomakeyourlifebetter對應(yīng)上文的thingscannotbechanged。故選G。15．本段的主旨句是“KeepaThankYoujournal”（寫感恩日記），設(shè)空處與主旨句形成說明說明關(guān)系，F(xiàn)項中的“this”指代上文提到的“寫感恩日記”，F(xiàn)項：Thiswillhelpyoufocusonthepositiveinyourlife.（這將幫助你關(guān)注生活的主動面。）符合語境。故選F。Passage4（（2024·河北石家莊市·石家莊二中高三期中）MountainAmountainisalandformthatriseshighaboveitssurroundings.Tallerthanahill,itusuallyhassteepslopesandaroundedorsharppeak.Mountainsarerarelyfoundalone.16．Linesofrangesformmountainbelts.Somemountainswereformedbytheactivityofvolcanoes.Scientistsbelievethatmostvolcanicmountainsaremadeupofrockthatmelteddeepwithinearth.TherockrosethroughEarth’ssurface,orcrust.Itthenflowedontothesurfaceintheformoflava.17．Volcanicmountainsaretypicallysteep.MountFujiinJapan,MountKilimanjaroinAfrica,andMountRainierintheUnitedStatesareexamplesofvolcanicmountains.OthermountainswereformedbymovementswithinEarth’scrust.Thetheorycalledplatetectonicsexplainsthistypeofmountainbuilding.Earth’scrustisdividedintohugepiecescalledplates,whichmoveveryslowly.Thecontinentssitontopoftheplatesandmovewiththem.Attimestheplatesstrikeagainsteachother,forcingtherockupward.TheHimalayasofAsiaareanexampleofthistypeofmountainchain.18．Mountainrangesarenaturalbarrierstotravel.Roadsaredifficulttobuildacrossthem.Railroadsneedexpensivetunnelstocrossevenlowmountains.19．Theyoftenformbordersbetweencountries.Lifeishardinmountainlands.Thehighplacesoftheworldarecoldandhavelittlesoil,makingfarmingdifficult.20．Skiingandclimbingarepopularmountainsports.A．Groupsofmountainsarecalledranges.B．However,manymountainareasarevacationspots.C．Thelava,alongwithvolcanicdust,builtuptoformmountains.D．Thesecolderclimatesstronglyaffecttheecosystemsofmountains.E.Thusthecontinentalcrustisnormallymuchthickerundermountains.F.Thereforemountainrangestendtodividethepeopleoneithersideofthem.G.TheywereformedwhenaplatecarryingIndiastruckagainsttheAsianplate.【答案】16．A17．C18．G19．F20．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于山的一些學(xué)問，包括它的地貌、形成緣由和作用等。16．依據(jù)上文“Mountainsarerarelyfoundalone.(山很少是單獨存在的)”以及后文“Linesofrangesformmountainbelts.(連綿的山脈形成了山地帶)”可知，上文提到山很少單獨存在，說明山都是成群存在的，形成山脈，后文中ranges與A選項中ranges相對應(yīng)。故A選項“山脈群被稱為山脈”符合語境，故選A。17．依據(jù)上文“Somemountainswereformedbytheactivityofvolcanoes.Scientistsbelievethatmostvolcanicmountainsaremadeupofrockthatmelteddeepwithinearth.TherockrosethroughEarth’ssurface,orcrust.Itthenflowedontothesurfaceintheformoflava.(有些山是由火山活動形成的。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，大多數(shù)的火山是由地球深處溶化的巖石組成的。巖石穿過地球表面或地殼。然后它以熔巖的形式流到表面)”以及后文“Volcanicmountainsaretypicallysteep.MountFujiinJapan,MountKilimanjaroinAfrica,andMountRainierintheUnitedStatesareexamplesofvolcanicmountains.(火山型山通常是陡峭的。日本的富士山、非洲的乞力馬扎羅山和美國的雷尼爾山都是火山的例子)”可知，本段主要介紹的是山通過火山活動形成，本句應(yīng)承接上文接著說明熔巖如何積累成山的，上文中l(wèi)ava與C選項中Thelava相對應(yīng)。故C選項“熔巖和火山灰一起積累成山”符合語境，故選C。18．依據(jù)上文“OthermountainswereformedbymovementswithinEarth’scrust.Thetheorycalledplatetectonicsexplainsthistypeofmountainbuilding.Earth’scrustisdividedintohugepiecescalledplates,whichmoveveryslowly.Thecontinentssitontopoftheplatesandmovewiththem.Attimestheplatesstrikeagainsteachother,forcingtherockupward.TheHimalayasofAsiaareanexampleofthistypeofmountainchain.(其他的山脈是由地殼內(nèi)部的運動形成的。板塊構(gòu)造理論說明白這種造山運動。地殼被分成巨大的板塊，板塊移動特別緩慢。大陸位于這些板塊的頂部并隨之移動。有時板塊相互碰撞，迫使巖石向上。亞洲的喜馬拉雅山就是這種山脈的一個例子)”可知，本段說明的是由板塊運動形成的山，本句為本段最終一句，應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說明喜馬拉雅山是如何通過板塊運動形成的。G項中的They指代上文TheHimalayasofAsia。故G選項“它們是印度板塊撞擊亞洲板塊時形成的”符合語境，故選G。19．依據(jù)上文“Mountainrangesarenaturalbarrierstotravel.Roadsaredifficulttobuildacrossthem.Railroadsneedexpensivetunnelstocrossevenlowmountains.(山脈是旅行的自然障礙。很難在它們上面修路。鐵路甚至須要穿越低山修建昂貴的隧道)”以及后文“Theyoftenformbordersbetweencountries.(它們常常形成國家之間的邊界)”可知，上文提到山脈是障礙，后文提到山脈是國家之間的邊界，可知山脈可以用來區(qū)分地界，把兩邊的人們分開。故F選項“因此，山脈傾向于把人們分為兩邊”符合語境，故選F。20．依據(jù)上文“Lifeishardinmountainlands.Thehighplacesoftheworldarecoldandhavelittlesoil,makingfarmingdifficult.(山區(qū)的生活很艱苦。世界上地勢較高的地方氣候寒冷，土壤稀有，這使得農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)困難)”以及后文“Skiingandclimbingarepopularmountainsports.(滑雪和爬山是很受歡迎的高山運動)”可知，本句與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明山區(qū)雖然使農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)困難，但有的地方也有很受歡迎的高山運動，可以供人們度假。故B選項“然而，很多山區(qū)是度假勝地”符合語境，故選B。Passage5（2024·浙江杭州市·學(xué)軍中學(xué)高三月考）Manypeoplebelievesharksaredangerousandwillalwaystrytohurtorevenkillhumans.21．AsharkexhibitionattheNationalAquariuminBaltimore,US,provesthis.Visitorscantouchyoungsharks,seetheireggsdevelopandwatchadozendifferentspeciesswimsmoothlyaroundahugetank.Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon'thappenveryoften.Humansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.22．.Theycanwatchthemdevelopinsidetheeggsandfeeltheskinoftheolderswimmerssoastolearn,fromanearlyage,nottofearsharks.＂Peoplefearwhattheydon'tknow,"saidNancyHotchkiss,anorganizeroftheexhibition,whichrunstillDecember."Sharkshavebeenroundfor400millionyearsandplayanimportantroleintheocean'sfoodchain.Wewantpeopletodiscoverthatsharksareamazinganimalsthatneedourrespectandprotection."23．.Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheUSmagazineScience,foundthatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteighttofifteenyears.ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfinsoup.24．.Morethanhalfofallsharkscaughtaresmallerthanonemeterlong.＂Somefishingmethodsareactuallycleaningouttheocean,"saidDaveSchofield,themanageroftheaquarium'soceanhealthprogram."Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish."25．.A．Ashocking100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.B．Andmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherfish.C．Sharkscansmellandtasteblood,andtraceitbacktoitssource.D．Infact,94percentoftheworld's400speciesareharmlesstohumans.E.Whoeverdoharmtosharksshallbepunishedbyinternationallaws.F.Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashaveputmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.G.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.【答案】21．D22．G23．A24．B25．F【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了瀕危物種鯊魚，它們其實對人類是沒有危急的，所以呼吁人們愛護(hù)它們。21．依據(jù)前一句“Manypeoplebelievesharksaredangerousandwillalwaystrytohurtorevenkillhumans.（很多人認(rèn)為鯊魚是危急的，總是試圖損害甚至殺死人類。）”可知，空處作者要告知我們的關(guān)于鯊魚的一個事實，依據(jù)選項可知，選項D.Infact,94percentoftheworld's400speciesareharmlesstohumans.(事實上，世界上400個物種中有94%對人類無害。)承接前一句，符合題意。故選D。22．依據(jù)前一句“Mostpeoplefailtorealizethatsharkattacksdon'thappenveryoften.Humansaremorelikelytobekilledbylightningthanbyashark.（大多數(shù)人沒有意識到鯊魚攻擊并不常常發(fā)生。人類被閃電殺死的可能性比被鯊魚殺死的可能性大。）可知，空處談?wù)撊绾巫屓藗兝斫膺@個事實，依據(jù)選項可知，選項G.Andtomakethispointclear,themuseumhassetupaspecialtouchingpoolforchildren.(而為了明確這一點，博物館特地為孩子們設(shè)立了一個觸摸池。)承上啟下，符合題意，下一句中的they指代本句中的children。故選G。23．依據(jù)空后“Astudy,publishedinJanuaryintheUSmagazineScience,foundthatalmostallrecordedsharkspecieshavefallenbyhalfinthepasteighttofifteenyears.（美國《科學(xué)》雜志1月發(fā)表的一項探討發(fā)覺，幾乎全部記錄在案的鯊魚種類在過去8至15年里都削減了一半。）”可知，空處介紹的是探討數(shù)據(jù)，依據(jù)選項可知，選項A.Ashocking100millionsharksarekilledeveryyearbyhumansaroundtheworld.(全世界每年有1億只鯊魚被人類捕殺，令人震驚。)與后文內(nèi)容描述一樣。故選A。24．依據(jù)空前“ThousandsofsharksarehuntedinAsiaforspecialfoods,suchassharkfinsoup.（在亞洲，成千上萬的鯊魚被捕殺，作為特別食物，比如魚翅湯。）可知，空處談?wù)摰氖酋忯~被捕殺的狀況，依據(jù)選項可知，選項B.Andmanyothersgetcaughtinnets,whilefishermenarehuntingotherfish.(還有很多鯊魚在漁夫捕魚時被漁網(wǎng)捕獲。)承接上文，符合題意。arehunted呼應(yīng)getcaughtinnets。故選B。25．依據(jù)空前“"Thefishermenthrewthemawaylikerubbish."（漁民們把小鯊魚像垃圾一樣扔了。）可知，空處是呼吁人們實行行動愛護(hù)鯊魚，依據(jù)選項可知，選項F.Itisaworryingsituationandsomeareashaveputmeasuresinplacetoprotectthesespeciesoffish.(這是一個令人擔(dān)憂的狀況，一些地區(qū)已經(jīng)實行措施來愛護(hù)這些魚類物種。)承接前一句，符合題意。it指代的是“漁民們把小鯊魚像垃圾一樣扔了”。故選F。Passage6（2024·江蘇南京市·高三月考）Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostcommon.Nobodyenjoysfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:italertsapersonwhenheorshehasdonesomethingwrong.Thisenablesthepersontomakeamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.26．Nevertheless,guiltcanbedestructiveifitisnotdealtwithintherightway.Itcancausepeopletoavoidothersbecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoapologizefortheiractionsorinaction.Sometrytoavoidthepainofguiltbyturningtootherworsehabits.27．Theproperresponsetoguiltdependsonwhatkindofguiltyou'redealingwith.Forfalseguilt,it’simportanttorecognizethattheguiltdoesnotreflectanactualethicalfailure.Forexample,somefalseguiltfocusesonfailingtomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.28．Nooneisperfect,andnoonecandoeverything,soadmittingyourlimitsisactuallyasignofhumility.29．Evenwhenyoudon’tneedtofeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,butrealizethatitoftentakestimeforfeelingstochange.30．Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealit.Apologizeandaskforforgiveness.Learnfromyourmistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingthesameactsagain.Gettingonwellwiththepersonyouhurtshouldmakeyourguiltyfeelingsfade.Guiltispainful,butitcanserveagoodpurposeifyouuseitwell.A．Otherpeopleexperiencefalseguiltbecauseofhighexpectationsforthemselves.B．It’spossiblethatyoufeelguiltybecauseyouactuallydidsomethingwrong.C．Otherstrytocoveruptheirguiltbyblamingothersorbecomingangry.D．Itcanalsomotivatepeopletoavoidmakingsimilarmistakeslater.E.Inthiscase,it’simportanttoremindyourselfthatyouhavelimits.F.Moreover,guiltcanresultinphysicalandmentaldiscomfortsmeanwhile.G.It’salsoimportanttoacknowledgewhatyouarefeeling.【答案】26．D27．C28．E29．G30．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。內(nèi)疚是人類經(jīng)驗的最苦痛的心情之一，也是最常見的心情之一。但假如你好好利用它，它是有好處的。文章列舉了內(nèi)疚感可以帶來的好處以及如何處理內(nèi)疚感。26．依據(jù)上文“Guiltisoneofthemostpainfulemotionsthathumansexperiencebutalsooneofthemostcommon.Nobodyenjoysfeelingguilty,butthisemotionservesanimportantpurpose:italertsapersonwhenheorshehasdonesomethingwrong.Thisenablesthepersontomakeamendsandworktohealrelationshipsthatweredamagedbytheiractions.(內(nèi)疚是人類經(jīng)驗的最苦痛的情感之一，也是最常見的一種。沒有人喜愛內(nèi)疚，但這種心情有一個重要的目的：當(dāng)一個人做錯了什么事時，它會提示他。這能使人做出補(bǔ)償，努力修復(fù)因他們的行為而受損的關(guān)系)”可知，本句為敘述內(nèi)疚帶來的優(yōu)點，D選項中it指代上文中thisemotion。故D選項“它也可以激勵人們避開以后犯類似的錯誤”符合語境，故選D。27．依據(jù)上文“Nevertheless,guiltcanbedestructiveifitisnotdealtwithintherightway.Itcancausepeopletoavoidothersbecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoapologizefortheiractionsorinaction.Sometrytoavoidthepainofguiltbyturningtootherworsehabits.(然而，假如處理不當(dāng)，內(nèi)疚是毀滅性的。它會導(dǎo)致人們回避他人，因為他們過于不好意思為自己的行為或不作為致歉。一些人試圖通過養(yǎng)成其他更壞的習(xí)慣來避開內(nèi)疚的苦痛)”可知，上文提到了人們對內(nèi)疚的反應(yīng)，且上文中some與C選項中others構(gòu)成some…others…結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一些人……其他人……”。故C選項“其他人則試圖通過責(zé)怪別人或生氣來掩蓋他們的內(nèi)疚”符合語境，故選C。28．依據(jù)上文“Forexample,somefalseguiltfocusesonfailingtomeetexpectationsyouhadforyourself.(例如，一些錯誤的內(nèi)疚感在于沒有達(dá)到你對自己的期望上)”以及后文“Nooneisperfect,andnoonecandoeverything,soadmittingyourlimitsisactuallyasignofhumility.(沒有人是完備的，也沒有人可以做全部的事，所以承認(rèn)自己的局限性事實上是一種謙卑的表現(xiàn))”可知，本段主要說明白錯誤負(fù)罪感產(chǎn)生的緣由是認(rèn)為沒有達(dá)到對自己的期望，后文則提到了人無完人，可知對這種狀況的解決方法是：提示自己有局限性。后文中admittingyourlimits對應(yīng)到E選項中youhavelimits。故E選項“在這種狀況下，提示自己有局限性是很重要的”符合語境，故選E。29．依據(jù)后文“Evenwhenyoudon’tneedtofeelguilty,thesefeelingsarerealandnormal.Trytobalancethemwithpositivethoughts,butrealizethatitoftentakestimeforfeelingstochange.(即使你不須要感到內(nèi)疚，這些感覺是真實和正常的。試著用主動的想法來平衡它們，但要意識到心情的變更往往須要時間)”可知，本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了如何處理自己的感受，后文中thesefeelings對應(yīng)到G選項中whatyouarefeeling。故G選項“承認(rèn)你的感受也很重要”符合語境，故選G。30．依據(jù)后文“Ifso,don’ttrytoconcealit.Apologizeandaskforforgiveness.Learnfromyourmistakes,andtrytoavoidcommittingthesameactsagain.Gettingonwellwiththepersonyouhurtshouldmakeyourguiltyfeelingsfade.(假如是這樣，不要試圖隱瞞。致歉并懇求寬恕。從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，盡量避開再犯同樣的錯誤。與被你損害的人相處融洽，你的愧疚感就會消退)”可知，后文提到了不要試圖隱瞞和致歉懇求寬恕，可推知本句是在說明的確做錯了事情而感到內(nèi)疚的狀況。B選項中didsomethingwrong與后文中yourmistakes相對應(yīng)。故B選項“你有可能因為你的確做錯了什么事而感到內(nèi)疚”符合語境，故選B。Passage7（2024·江蘇高三月考）In1993,SwedishpsychologistK.AndersEricssonsetouttofindthesecrettoturningatypicalteenintoaviolinvirtuoso.Hisanswer31．Thefigurewascalled"themagicnumberofgreatness"byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.Theconceptof“practicemakesperfect"hasbeenrootedintotheheadsofambitiousyouthssincetheRomanEmpire.32．Butcanitbethatsimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.Whiletrainingisessentialtolearning,spendingalotoftimepracticingsomethingoverandoverdoesn'tmeanyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,apsychologistatMichiganStateUniversity.33．Inreviewingdifferentstudiesabouttheroleofpracticeinmusic,games,sports,education,andprofessionalandsuccess,Hambrickfoundthatpracticetimeaccountedforonlyaboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnaturalgifts-allplayedbigrolesinsettingapartthebetterfromthebest.34．Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacrosseveryoctave.35．Ofcoursethisdoesn'tmeanweshouldallquitpracticing,Hambricksays.Nobodypopsoutofthewombknowinghowtodanceorplotasneakycheckmate.Butperfectionin10,000hours?There'snoguarantee.A．Nevertoooldtopractise.B．Practice:10,000hoursofit.C．Genesinparticularshapephysicalandintellectualability.D．Largeamountsofpianoplayingwillnotmakeyourfingersgrowlonger.E.Topsportsmenandmusicianshaveallputinthisamountofhardwork.F.SoanyonecanbeaYo-YoMaaslongastheydevoteenoughtimetopractising.G.Beinggreatisn'tjustaboutworkquantitybutalsoabouttheworkersthemselves.【答案】31．B32．F33．G34．C35．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。雖然訓(xùn)練對學(xué)習(xí)來說是必不行少的，但花大量時間反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就會變得更專業(yè)。文章主要說明白影響練習(xí)效果的一些因素。31．依據(jù)上文“In1993,SwedishpsychologistK.AndersEricssonsetouttofindthesecrettoturningatypicalteenintoaviolinvirtuoso.(1993年，瑞典心理學(xué)家K.AndersEricsson起先著手找尋把一個一般青少年變成小提琴演奏家的隱私)”以及后文“Thefigurewascalled"themagicnumberofgreatness"byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.(記者兼作家MalcolmGladwell在其2008年出版的《異類》一書中稱這個數(shù)字為“宏大的奇妙數(shù)字”)”可知，上文提到心理學(xué)家起先找尋通青少年變成小提琴演奏家的隱私，后文則提到這個數(shù)字，可推知本句是在說明這個隱私與一個數(shù)字有關(guān)，B選項中10,000hours對應(yīng)后文中Thefigure。故B選項“練習(xí)1萬個小時”符合語境，故選B。32．依據(jù)上文“Theconceptof“practicemakesperfect"hasbeenrootedintotheheadsofambitiousyouthssincetheRomanEmpire.(自羅馬帝國以來，“熟能生巧”的理念就在雄心勃勃的年輕人的頭腦中根深蒂固)”以及后文“Butcanitbethatsimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.Whiletrainingisessentialtolearning,spendingalotoftimepracticingsomethingoverandoverdoesn'tmeanyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,apsychologistatMichiganStateUniversity.(但事情真的這么簡潔嗎？并非全部專家都同意這一觀點。密歇根州立高校的心理學(xué)家ZachHambrick說，雖然訓(xùn)練對學(xué)習(xí)來說是必不行少的，但花大量時間反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就會變得更專業(yè))”可知，上文提到了“熟能生巧”強(qiáng)調(diào)練習(xí)的重要性，后文則提到花大量時間反復(fù)練習(xí)并不意味著你就會變得更專業(yè)，可推知本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，說明投入足夠的時間練習(xí)的重要性，后文中spendingalotoftimepracticing可與F選項中devoteenoughtimetopractising對應(yīng)。故F選項“所以只要投入足夠的時間練習(xí)，任何人都可以成為馬友友”符合語境，故選F。33．依據(jù)后文“Inreviewingdifferentstudiesabouttheroleofpracticeinmusic,games,sports,education,andprofessionalandsuccess,Hambrickfoundthatpracticetimeaccountedforonlyaboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnaturalgifts-allplayedbigrolesinsettingapartthebetterfromthebest.(在回顧了關(guān)于練習(xí)在音樂、嬉戲、體育、教化、職業(yè)和勝利中的作用的不同探討后，漢布里克發(fā)覺練習(xí)時間只占技能水平差異的四分之一。其他因素，如年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作用)”可知，后文提到個人的年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作用，說明優(yōu)秀不僅與練習(xí)量有關(guān)，還與個人本身素養(yǎng)有關(guān)系。故G選項“優(yōu)秀不僅僅與工作量有關(guān)，還與員工本身有關(guān)”符合語境，故選G。34．依據(jù)后文“Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacrosseveryoctave.(身高對籃球明星來說可能很有用，寬廣的音域可以幫助你在合唱團(tuán)中贏得一席之地。再多的練習(xí)也不會讓你長高，也不會讓你唱出每個八度音階上的音符)”可知，后文提到了實力的提高要受到自身素養(yǎng)的限制，即特定的基因塑造了在某方面的身體素養(yǎng)和智力實力。故C選項“特定的基因塑造身體素養(yǎng)和智力實力”符合語境，故選C。35．依據(jù)上文“Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwinaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacrosseveryoctave.(身高對籃球明星來說可能很有用，寬廣的音域可以幫助你在合唱團(tuán)中贏得一席之地。再多的練習(xí)也不會讓你長高，也不會讓你唱出每個八度音階上的音符)”可知，上文列舉了實力的提高要受到身體條件的客觀影響，本句為本段最終一句，應(yīng)承接上文接著舉例說明練習(xí)受到客觀事實影響，故D選項“大量的鋼琴演奏不會使你的手指變長”符合語境，故選D。Passage8（（2024·四川樂山市·高三月考）TheCovid-19pandemicislikea“storm"whichnegativelyaffectschildren'smentalandphysicalhealthandbehavior.36．.Herearesomewaysthatparentscanhelpkidsdealwiththestress.Watchyourkidsclosely.Whenweseeachildactinginamannerthatwethinkisinappropriate,weneedtoconsiderthatthechildmaybeartoomuchstress.Giventhis,it'simportanttolookattheirbehaviorscarefully.37．Understandtheeffectsofadversity（逆境）onchildren.Whilemanykidsareexperiencingastressfulsi