（新高考）高考三輪復習考前沖刺卷 英語（七）學生版

好教育云平臺好教育云平臺好教育云平臺考前沖刺卷第=page2*2-13頁（共=sectionPages2*24頁）好教育云平臺考前沖刺卷第=page2*24頁（共=sectionPages2*24頁）（新高考）此卷只裝訂不密封此卷只裝訂不密封班級姓名準考證號考場號座位號英語（七）注意事項：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。ATheNewYearcomeswithNortheastChina’scoldestdays,butit’salsothepeakseasonforwintertourism.HarbinAmajordrawforHarbin,knownas“IceCity”,isitsmorethan400activitiesstartedfromearlyNovembertoearlyApril.Theycovertourism,culture,art,fashion,sportsandtrade.The22ndHarbinIce,andSnowWorld,a600,000-squaré-mcter:wonderlandofsculptures,openedonDec24andwillrununtiltheendofFebruary.Anotherimportanteventinthecity—the33rdChinaHarbinSunIslandInternationalSnowSculptureArtExpo—kickedoffonDec20.Attheexpo,touristscanview50groupsofsnowsculptures,whichusemorethan90,000cubicmetersofsnow,includingthe116-meler-longmainsnowsculptureThe,ChineseDragon.MoheMohe,China’snorthernmostcity,isalsopresentingitsuniquewintercharmstotourists.AsthecoldestplaceinChina,wintertourismseasonbeginsinmid-OctoberandlastsuntillateJanuary.BeijiVillage,88kilometersfromthecitycenter,attractsalmostallthevisitorswholandatMohe.Inthevillage,arecentlybuilthotelmadeoficeandsnowhasbecomeapopularattraction.Almosteverythinginsideismadeoffrozenwaterinsomeforms,includingthebeds,tables,sofasanddecorations.JilinDuringthiswintertourismseason,whichstartedinmid-NovemberuntilApril,nearly300snowandicethemedactivitieswillbeheldacrossJilin.ThefifthJilinInternationalIceandSnowIndustryExpopromotedacombinationofWinterOlympicsthemes,winterculture,iceandsnowtourismandwintersports.OnthefrozenChaganLake,animpressivewinterfishinglastsritual(儀式)thatdatesfromtheJinDynastyalsotakesplace.Theactivityofwinterfishinglaststwomonths.ThetraditionalskillsofChaganLakewinterfishingwerelistedasanintangibleculturalheritagein2008.1.Whatcanyoudointhe33rdChinaHarbinSunIslandInternationalSnow,SculptureArtExpo?A.Watchafashionshow. B.Buildanicehotel.C.Gofishing. D.Viewasnowdragonsculpture.2.Wherecanyoutryoutanicebed?A.Harbin. B.ThecitycenterofMohe. C.BeijiVillage. D.Jilin.3.Whichofthefollowinglastslongest?A.The22ndHarbinIceandSnowWorld.B.WintertourismseasoninMohe.C.WintertourismseasoninJilin.D.FishingontheChaganLake.BBornHedwigEvaMariaKieslerNov.9,1914,theAustrianativetookanearlyinterestintheperformingarts,butseemedequallyfascinatedwithscienceandengineering.In1937,shesignedacontractwithHollywood’sMetro-Goldwyn-MayerstudiounderthenameHedyLamarr.HerfirstfilmwasagreatsuccessandsoonLamarrwasahouseholdname.DuringherHollywoodyears,Lamarrwasknownforherknowledgeonaviation(航空)designandtheory.Butitwasn’tuntil1942thatLamarr’sinnovativethinkinginspiredacreativeinvention.IncooperationwithcomposerGeorgeAntheil,Lamarrdesignedafrequency-hopping(跳頻)systemthatminimizedthejammingofradiosignals.DuringWorldWarII,Hedy’smotherwastrappedinVienna.ItwashardforHedytohelphermothertogettoAmericabecauseeveryAmericanshipwasgettingblownupbytheNazis.Sosheworkedoninventingaremotecontrolledtorpedo(魚雷)soadvancedthatitwouldbeabletohuntdownandblowupeveryNazisubmarineintheAtlantic,thussecuringsafepassagetotheUS.TomakesuretheNaziscouldn’tdetecttheradiosignalforhertorpedo,shecreateda“secretcommunicationsystem”thatcouldn’tbedetected.The“secretcommunicationsystem”employedchangingradiofrequenciestopreventenemiesfrominterpretingmessages.Multipleradiofrequencieswereusedtobroadcastaradiosignal,whichchangedfrequenciesinanapparentlyrandommanner.Toanyonelistening,itwouldjustsoundlikenoise.Butthesignalwouldbeclearifboththesenderandreceiverhoppedfrequenciesatthesametime.Althoughthetechnologywasneverusedinwartime,itendedupplayingacriticalroleincommunicationmethodsthroughoutthedecades.ManybelievethatLamarr’sinventionmadetechnologylikeWi-Fi,GPSandBluetooth,aswellasdeviceslikecellphones,possible.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thejammingofradiosignals”inparagraph2referto?A.Detectingtheradiosignals. B.Sendingtheradiosignals.C.Receivingtheradiosignals. D.Boostingtheradiosignals.5.WhatledLamarrtoinventanewcommunicationsystem?A.Herpassionforscience. B.Herinterestinperforming.C.Hercontractwithastudio. D.Herdesiretohelphermotherout.6.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A.Showingtheapplicationofthesystem.B.Interpretinghowthesystemfunctioned.C.Stressingthesignificanceofthesystem.D.Explaininghowthesystemwasinvented.7.WhatcanweinferaboutHedyLamarrfromthetext?A.Shewasveryambitious.B.Shewasaproductiveactress.C.Shewascompletelydevotedtoscience.D.Shecontributedtocommunicationtechnology.COneofthetallestwoodenbuildingsinEurope,a98mtimbermixtureskyscraper,istoriseinBerlin.The29-storeyWoHoTower,tobedesignedbyafirmofNorwegianarchitects,isintendedtobea“l(fā)ight-houseproject”forlow-carbonconstruction,toweringoverPotsdamerPlatzandtheLandwehrCanal.Itscore,includingliftsandastaircase,istobebuiltaroundasteel-reinforcedconcretestructurebuttherestofthebuilding,includingflats,offices,cafesandakindergarten,willbefashioneddownwoodenbeamsandpanels.“AsNorwegians,weareusedtoworkingalotwithtimber,”NicolaiRiise,CEOoftheMadArchitects’Practicesaid.“Thethingabouttimberisthatitdemonstratessustainabilityfromtoptobottom.Thecarbonfootprintisclosetozeroandit’safantasticmaterialtobuildwith.Ifyoulookatthisinabroaderway,it’soneofthewayswearegoingtobeabletobeattheclimatecrisis.”Woodenskyscrapers,onceregardedasanunprofitablepipedream,havebecomearealisticprospectwiththecomingofcross-laminatedbuildingtechniquesandmoreflexibleplanninglaws.Becausethesestructures’partsarefitwithcare,theycanbefarlighterthantheirconcreteequivalentsandarethoughttoberelativelyresistanttofire.Acubicmeterofwoodcanalsotakeanestimatedtonofcarbondioxideoutoftheatmosphere.Largerwoodenstructuresareplannedelsewhere.Londonisexaminingblueprintsforthe300-meterOakwoodTower.AprojectinTokyocouldriseto350m.8.WhatcanweknowaboutWoHoTower?A.ItwillbeamongthetallestinEurope.B.Itwillbemostlymadeofwood.C.ItisdesignedbyaNorwegianarchitect.D.Itscoreistobebuiltwithtimber.9.WhydoNorwegiansprefertimbertoconstructbuildings?A.Timberistooflexible. B.Timberiseasytoprocess.C.Timberiseco-friendly. D.Timberismulti-functional.10.Whatmakesitpossibletobuildwoodenskyscrapers?A.Theconcreteequivalents. B.Creativeplanning.C.Fire-resistantmaterials. D.Newbuildingtechniques.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoufindthistext?A.World. B.Comment. C.Literature. D.Business.DAtthestartofeveryworkingweek,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetreadyforsomethingtheydoendlessly,joylesslyandbadly:ameeting.Itwasawfulbeforethepandemic(疫情),whenresearchshowedtherewereanaverageof55millionmeetingsdailyintheUSalone.IfeartothinkwhatthefigureslooklikenowthatCovid-19andremoteworkinghavestartedtheageofthecontinuousmeeting.Itwouldn’tbeaproblemifallmeetingsdidwhattheyweresupposedtodoandhelpedbusypeoplemakegooddecisionsaboutimportantmatters.Buttheevidencesuggestsotherwise.Studiesoverthepast15yearshaveshownabout70percentofworkershaveratedtheirmeetingspoororunproductive,writesUSprofessor,StevenRogelberg,inhis2019bookTheSurprisingScienceofMeetings.“Therootoftherottenmeetingissimple,”saysMadeleinedeHauke,ameetingcoachandteacher.“Wespendourlivesinmeetings,butthere’sverylittleinvestment(投入)intohelpingpeoplerunthemeffectively,”shetoldmelastweek.Ameetingcoachmightsaythat,butIthinkMsdeHaukeiscorrect.Runningameetingwelltakesskills.Ataminimum,peopleneedtoknowinadvancewhytheyaremeeting;whattheyaresupposedtoachieve;whoreallyneedstobethereandhowtheyshouldcontribute.Yetmeetingleadersareexpectedtolearnalltheseonthejob.Ithoughtthepandemichadmadethingsworse.ButMsdeHaukemakesaconvincingargumentthatZoomcallsmerelystrengthenwhatwasgoingonbefore.Ifameetingwasproductiveandcheerfulbefore,itisprobablybetternow.Ifitwaswastefulandannoying,itislikelytobeworse.Still,abadmeetingislikeavirus.Byfailingtoproducegooddecisionsitoftenrequiresanothermeetingtobeheld,thenanotherandanother.Luckily,thereisnoneedforavaccine(疫苗),justabitmorecareandpreparation,andanunderstandingthatthereisnoshameinbeingtaughthowtoleadameetingwell.12.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Whypeoplehatemeetings.B.HowCovid-19affectsmeetings.C.Recommendingexperiencedmeetingcoaches.D.Suggestingdevelopingtheskillsofmeetingrunning.13.Accordingtotheauthor,what’stheproblemofbadmeetings?A.Meetingsarepoorandshort.B.Meetingsaredullandfruitless.C.Meetingsmakepeoplelessinterestedinwork.D.Meetingscausepeopletomakewrongdecisions.14.Howcanameetingleaderrunagoodmeeting?A.Invitepeopletoattendthemeetinginadvance.B.Investmuchmoneytorunmeetingssuccessfully.C.Setcleargoalsandmakepreparationsforthemeeting.D.Makeeverybodypresentatthemeetinglearnsomeskills.15.Howdoestheauthordevelopthelastparagraph?A.Bycomparison. B.Byclassification.C.Byanalyzingcauses. D.Bylistingexamples.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。RulesforBeingtheAgeYouAreIfyouhaverecentlyenteredthatperiodoflifeknownasmiddleage,thebuildingyearsofyourlifeareover,andwhatyouarenowisprettymuchwhatyouaregoingtobe.Soonitwillbewhatyouwere.YoucannolongertellyourselfthatyoumightmovetoLisbontolearnPortuguese,andtakeuptheguitar.16Donotjustgivepeoplecredits.17Here’safunnythingI’velearned:Nomatterhowmanytimesyouhearthem,thewords“Youareamazing”nevergooutofstyle.Giveyourselfpermissiontobebad.Youknowwhatyou’rereallygoodat?Thingsyou’vedonemanytimesbefore.Masteryisboredom.Unfortunatelyweenjoyfeelinglikemasters.18Wekeepourselvesboredtoprotectourselvesfromfeelingstupid.19Ninetimesoutoften,you’llbeboredandgohomeearly.Butthetenthtime,youwillhaveaworthyexperiencetomeetaninterestingperson.Itwillmakeupforthoseotherwastedhours.Dothattingyouwanttodorightnow.Imeanliterallypausereadingthiscolumn,pickupthephone,andbookthatskydivingsession.RIGHTNOW.Don’tputitoffuntilyouhavethetimetoreallyrelaxandenjoyit.20It’shighlypossibleyouwon’tbeabletoenjoyit.Iwillneverforgivemyselfforpassingupachancetogototrapezeschool(空中飛人學校)inmylate20s.A.Alwaysdoitlater.B.Wehatefeelinglikefools.C.Gohomeaslateaspossible.D.Tellthemexactlyhowfantastictheyare.E.Gotothepartyevenwhenyoudon’twantto.F.Thatwillbeapproximatelythreedecadesfromnow.G.Butasetofsimplerulescanguideyoutherestoftheway.第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。FivedaysbeforeChristmas,policeofficerLimawassenttoalocalStopandShopforareportedtheft.Theaccusationwasthattwofemaleswerescanning(掃描)someitemsattheself-checkoutbut21otheritemsandbaggingthoseitems.Thetwofemalesandtwochildrenwerealready22byLossandPreventionoverthere.Limahadtwogirlshimself,similarinagetothetwogirlsthere,soit23himalittlebit.Lima24thereceiptfortheitemstheyhadpaidfor.Therewasnothingelselikehealthandbeautyitemsonit.Theitemswereall25—thingsboughtjusttostuffthemselves.Thenheaskedanemployeewheretheotheritemswerethattheyhadplannedtotakeandwasinformedtheywereputbackonthe26.Obviously,thisfamilywasinrealneed.WhileLimafirmly27followingthelaw,hedecidedtocutthemabreakandnotto28.Thetwo-females,29,wereverygratefulbutkindof30becausegenerally,inthatsamesituationtherewouldprobablybeadifferent31andthey’dbearrested.Limatookthingsastepfurtherinaneffortto32thefamily.Hegavethem$200giftcard,tellingthemnottogetthingsinillegalwaysanymore.“Ipurchasedthegiftcardclosetothevalueofwhatwouldhavebeen33,”saidLima.“IdidwhatIfeltwas34.Ijusttriedtoshowalittle35totheextentpermittedbylaw.”21.A.labeling B.damaging C.sorting D.bypassing22.A.misunderstood B.held C.tolerated D.unemployed23.A.confused B.disappointed C.struck D.attracted22.A.denied B.checked C.filled D.questioned25.A.luxuries B.drinks C.presents D.foods26.A.shelves B.counters C.checkout D.lockers27.A.stood B.resisted C.believedin D.putoff28.A.maketrouble B.takeresponsibility C.playtricks D.presscharges29.A.consequently B.fortunately C.gradually D.incredibly30.A.ashamed B.shocked C.anxious D.innocent31.A.lesson B.outcome C.choice D.excuse32.A.aid B.control C.remind D.reward33.A.returned B.exchanged C.taken D.ordered34.A.eye-catching B.risk-taking C.private D.right35.A.politeness B.courage C.mercy D.admiration第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThereisonefamouspoeminTangpoetry,whichreads:“Ilefthomewhenamereyoungman,andreturnedinoldage.Mynativeaccents36(remain)unchanged,butmyear-lockhadgrownthin”.Thispoem37(apparent)showslanguageisnotonlyatoolforcommunication,butalsotheindicatorofpeople’sculturalidentity.Inalinguistic(語言學的)sense,dialectreferstothevarietyofaspecificlanguage38(cause)bydifferentgeographical,socialandculturalcontexts.Owing39thevastareasandlargepopulationofChina,diversedialectscan40(find)inthisgreatland,suchastheWudialectinShanghai,HakkaandCantonese.However,itcannotbedeniedthatsincethepopularizationofPutonghuainChina,theimportanceofdialectsisloweringamongChinesepeople.Tomakematters41(bad),somedialectshaveevendisappearedduetotheadoptionofPutonghua42isrequiredinpublicplaceslikeschoolsandcompanies.43(consider)theculturalsignificanceofdialects,nowadaysbothChinese44(official)andcommonpeoplearepayingcarefulattentionto45preservationofdialectsbecauseit'sthetreasureofChinesecultureandart.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應用文寫作（滿分15分）假如你是李華，最近出水痘了，需要在五月十五日至五月二十八日期間隔離治療。請寫一張病假條給班主任王老師，內(nèi)容包括：1.請假時間及原因；2.在家自學；3.希望準假。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.參考詞匯：水痘chickenpox3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearMr.Wang,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應為150左右。Ialwayspridedmyselfonbeingawiseshopperandhavingagoodnoseforbargains.SowhenIcameacrossasportinggoodsstorewithasign“GoingOutofBusinessSale”,Imarchedintothecrowdedstore.Upanddowntheaisles(通道),Iwandered,hummingtomyselfandenjoyingtheenergyandexcitementofasale.Allofasudden,there,atthebackofthestoresatacanoe(輕舟)exactlylikemyhusband’sdreamSupremoNumero-Uno,whosepicturehadbeenstuckonthebathroommirrorforyears.Myheartbeatwildly.Ipushedmywaythroughthecrowds,andnearlyfellintothecanoelookingforthepricetag.Thereitwas,withthemanufacturer’ssuggestedpriceat$6,750plustaxcrossedoutandahandwrittenTOCLEAR$750ASIS.Mustbeamistake.$6000off?Salesman.Ihadtotalktoasalesman.Ispottedayoungfellowwitha“Hi.I’mMathew”.“Mathew.TellmeaboutthisElSupremocanoe.What’swrongwithit?Whyisitonly$750?”“Oh.There’snothingwrongwithit.It’sbrandnew.We’reclosingthestore.It’sonclearancelikeeverythingelse.I’llgocheck.”Afewminuteslaterhecamebackandsaid,“I’msorry,ma’am.Someonemadeamistakeonthesaletag.Itshouldbe$4,750forthewholepackage.”Ifelttearswellupinmyeyes.“Ohwell”,Isaidsadly.“Ofcourse,itwastoogoodtobetrue.Thisisexactlylikemyhusband’sdreamboat.IguessIstartedtodreammyselfwhenIsawthatpricetag.He’sgoingtobe62yearsoldFriday.Hadtoretireearlyforhishealth.It’sbeenhardonjustthepensionbutthestubbornoldfoolhasbeensaving$10everyweekforyearstobuyonejustlikethis.IpromiseIwon’tbuyanything,butit’sjustanoldman’ssillydream,youknow.Alwayssaidhewantedtofishinacanoeafterheretired,”myvoiceloweredandIturnedandwalkedaway.Paragraph1:IwasalreadyatthemalldoorwhenMathewcaughtupwithme.“Doyouhave$750plus$25fordelivery,ma’am?”Paragraph2:“Ma’am.There’ssomethingyoushouldknow.ThisstorewasmyGrandpa’sandthecanoehadbeenorderedbyhim.（新高考）高考考前沖刺卷英語（一）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）A【答案】1-3DCC【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在冬季東北的三個旅游景點。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Harbin下的“Attheexpo,touristscanview50groupsofsnowsculptures,whichusemorethan90,000cubicmetersofsnow,includingthe116-meler-longmainsnowsculptureThe,ChineseDragon.”（在世博會上，游客可以觀看50組雪雕，這些雪雕使用超過9萬立方米的積雪，包括116毫米長的主雪雕——中國龍。）可知，我們可以在第33屆中國哈爾濱太陽島國際雪雕藝術(shù)博覽會上可以觀賞雪龍雕塑。故選D項。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mohe下的內(nèi)容可知，漠河作為中國最冷的地方，冬季旅游季節(jié)在10月中旬開始，一直持續(xù)到1月下旬。距離市中心88公里的北極村，吸引了幾乎所有到漠河的訪客，最近由冰和雪建造的酒店已經(jīng)成為一個受歡迎的景點。里面幾乎所有的東西都是由冰凍的水做成的，包括床、桌子、沙發(fā)和裝飾品。可知，在北極村可以嘗試冰床。故選C項。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Harbin下的“The22ndHarbinIce,andSnowWorld,a600,000-squaré-mcter:wonderlandofsculptures,openedonDec24andwillrununtiltheendofFebruary.”（12月24日，一個60萬平方英尺的雕塑仙境——第22屆哈爾濱冰雪世界開幕，將持續(xù)到2月底。）和Mohe下的“AsthecoldestplaceinChina,wintertourismseasonbeginsinmid-OctoberandlastsuntillateJanuary.”（漠河作為中國最冷的地方，冬季旅游季節(jié)在10月中旬開始，一直持續(xù)到1月下旬北極村。）以及Jilin下的“whichstartedinmid-NovemberuntilApril”（從11月中旬開始，一直持續(xù)到今年4月）可知，吉林省冬季旅游旺季持續(xù)時間最長。故選C項。B【答案】4-7ADBD【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了海蒂·拉瑪發(fā)明“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”的原因和系統(tǒng)的運作機理，也講述了她對通信技術(shù)做出了貢獻。4.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“TomakesuretheNaziscouldn’tdetecttheradiosignalforhertorpedo,shecreateda“secretcommunicationsystem”thatcouldn’tbedetected.”（為了確保納粹不能監(jiān)測到魚雷的無線電信號，她創(chuàng)造了一個無法被探測到的“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”。）可推斷，thejammingofradiosignals指的是監(jiān)測無線電信號。故選A。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，海蒂很難幫助她的母親去美國，因為每艘美國船都被納粹炸毀了。因此，她致力于發(fā)明一種遙控魚雷，這種魚雷非常先進，可以追蹤并炸毀大西洋上的每一艘納粹潛艇，從而確保通往美國的安全通道。因此是Lamarr想幫助母親擺脫困境的愿望促使她發(fā)明了一種新的通信系統(tǒng)。故選D。6.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段可知，“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”利用改變無線電頻率來阻止敵人解讀信息。多個無線電頻率被用來廣播一個無線電信號，它能以一種明顯隨機的方式改變頻率。因此第四段的重點是解釋系統(tǒng)是如何運作的。故選B。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段，盡管這項技術(shù)從未在戰(zhàn)時使用過，但它最終在數(shù)十年的通信手段中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。許多人認為，拉瑪?shù)陌l(fā)明使Wi-Fi、GPS和藍牙等技術(shù)以及手機等設備成為可能。因此可知海蒂·拉瑪對通信技術(shù)做出了貢獻。故選D。C【答案】8-11BCDA【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了歐洲最高的木質(zhì)建筑之一WoHoTower，木材作為建筑材料非常環(huán)保，其他各地也在修建更大的木質(zhì)建筑。8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“OneofthetallestwoodenbuildingsinEurope,a98mtimber(木材)mixtureskyscraper,istoriseinBerlin.”（歐洲最高的木制建筑之一，98米高的木材混合摩天大樓即將在柏林矗立起來。）可知，WoHoTower是一座高大的木材混合建筑。故選B。9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，木材的問題在于，它從上到下展示了可持續(xù)性。木材的優(yōu)點是它的碳足跡接近于零，是極好的建筑材料。如果你從更廣泛的角度來看，這是我們能夠戰(zhàn)勝氣候危機的方法之一。因此挪威人喜歡用木材建造建筑是因為木材環(huán)保。故選C。10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Woodenskyscrapers,onceregardedasanunprofitablepipedream,havebecomearealisticprospectwiththecomingofcross-laminatedbuildingtechniquesandmoreflexibleplanninglaws.”（木制摩天大樓一度被認為是無利可圖的白日夢，但隨著交叉疊層建筑技術(shù)和更靈活的規(guī)劃法規(guī)的出現(xiàn)，它已成為一個現(xiàn)實的前景。）可知，新的建筑技術(shù)使木質(zhì)摩天大樓成為現(xiàn)實。故選D。11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段并結(jié)合全文可知文章介紹了歐洲最高的木質(zhì)建筑之一WoHoTower。木材作為建筑材料非常環(huán)保，其他各地也在修建更大的木質(zhì)建筑。因此文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的“世界”版面。故選A。D【答案】12-15DBCA【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當代人們大多數(shù)時間都在為無聊且糟糕的會議做準備，指出主持會議是需要技巧的，并給出了一些建議。12.主旨大意題。文章倒數(shù)第三段提到，主持會議需要技巧。至少，人們需要提前知道他們開會的原因，他們應該達到什么目的，誰需要在場，他們應該如何做。然而，會議主持人應該在工作中了解所有這些內(nèi)容。再結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要聚焦于主持會議的技巧。故選D項。13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段和倒數(shù)第二段的“Ifitwaswastefulandannoying,itislikelytobeworse.”（如果它曾經(jīng)是浪費時間和無趣的，那么現(xiàn)在有可能更糟糕。）和最后一段的“Still,abadmeetingislikeavirus.Byfailingtoproducegooddecisionsitoftenrequiresanothermeetingtobeheld,thenanotherandanother.”（不過，糟糕的會議就像病毒一樣。由于沒有讓人滿意的結(jié)論，常常需要召開一次又一次的會議。）可知，糟糕的會議是無趣而又沒有任何收獲的。故選B項。14.細節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第三段提到，主持會議需要技巧。至少，人們需要提前知道他們開會的原因，他們應該達到什么目的，誰需要在場，他們應該如何做。然而，會議主持人應該在工作中了解所有這些內(nèi)容。可知會議主持人想開好會議，需要有清晰的目標以及為會議做好準備。故選C項。15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，糟糕的會議就像病毒一樣。由于沒有讓人滿意的結(jié)論，常常需要召開一次又一次的會議。幸運的是，提高會議質(zhì)量并不需要一個疫苗，僅僅需要對會議多一點心思和準備，并且明白學習如何開展會議并不可恥。由此推知，作者是采用作比較的方式來闡述本段內(nèi)容。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）【答案】16-20GDBEF【解析】本文是一篇應用文，給中年人對于自己的人生的一些建議。16.上文提示：你不能再告訴自己，你可以搬到里斯本去學葡萄牙語，然后開始彈吉他。然后再結(jié)合各段的小標題可知，空格處應該介紹步入中年你應該做些什么來走完剩下的路。G項（但是一套簡單的規(guī)則可以引導你走完剩下的路。）承接上文，并引出下文。故選G。17.根據(jù)小標題Donotjustgivepeoplecredits.可知，本段應該介紹如何表揚別人。再結(jié)合空格后一句“Nomatterhowmanytimesyouhearthem,thewords“Youareamazing”nevergooutofstyle.”（不管你聽過多少次，“你真棒”這句話永遠不會過時。）可知，空格處應該介紹表揚別人的具體方法。D項（告訴他們，他們是到底有多么了不起。）正是介紹了表揚的方法。故選D。18.根據(jù)空格前一句“Unfortunatelyweenjoyfeelinglikemasters.”可知，我們喜歡掌控自己的人生。再結(jié)合空格后一句“Wekeepourselvesboredtoprotectourselvesfromfeelingstupid.”可知，我們并不愿意讓自己看起來很愚蠢。由此可知，空格處應該講述我們不喜歡自己很愚蠢。B項（我們討厭像傻瓜一樣的感覺。）承上啟下。故選B。19.下文提示：十次中有九次你會感到無聊，然后早早回家。但是第十次，你會遇到一個有趣的人，這是一次有價值的經(jīng)歷。它可以彌補其他浪費的時間。本段主要講述即便你不喜歡這件事，你也要去做，這樣你才能遇見你想要的東西。E項（即使你不想去參加聚會，也要去。）符合本段段意。故選E。20.根據(jù)空格前一句“Don’tputitoffuntilyouhavethetimetoreallyrelaxandenjoyit.”可知，自己想要做的事情不要拖延到完全有時間去享受它。F項（這將是大約30年以后的事情。）點出具體時間。故選F。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）【答案】21-25DBCBD 26-30ACDAB 31-35BACDC【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了圣誕節(jié)前五天，警官Lima處理一起盜竊案。兩名女性在自助結(jié)賬時掃描了一些商品，但沒有掃描其他商品，而是將這些商品裝袋，這兩名女性和兩個孩子被防損部門扣留。Lima查看了她們的購物收據(jù)之后發(fā)現(xiàn)他們買的都是食物，意識到她們確實需要幫助，于是決定不起訴她們，還送給她們200美元禮品卡，告訴她們不要再以非法的方式得到東西。21.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)稱，兩名女性在自助結(jié)賬時掃描了一些商品，但沒有掃描其他商品，而是將這些商品裝袋。A.labeling：貼標簽；B.damaging：破壞；C.sorting：分類；D.bypassing：避開。根據(jù)后文這兩名婦女被防損部門扣留，可推知她們把其他商品避開了掃描，打算不付錢拿走。故選D。22.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩名女性和兩名兒童已經(jīng)被那邊的防損部門扣留。A.misunderstood：理解；B.held：握住，扣留；C.tolerated：忍受；D.unemployed：解雇。根據(jù)后文“byLossandPreventionoverthere“”可知指兩名女性和兒童被防損部門扣留。故選B。23.考查動詞詞義辨析。A.confused：使困惑；B.disappointed：使失望；C.struck：打擊；D.attracted：吸引。結(jié)合空前半句可知so表示因果關(guān)系，Lima看到這兩個女孩和自己的女兒年齡相仿，這讓他有點震驚。故選C。24.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lima查看了她們所購物品的收據(jù)。A.denied：拒絕；B.checked：檢查，查看；C.filled：裝滿；D.questioned：質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)后文“receiptfortheitemstheyhadpaidfor”可知指查看收據(jù)，check符合語境。故選B。25.考查名詞詞義辨析。A.luxuries：奢侈品；B.drinks：飲料；C.presents：禮物；D.foods：食物。根據(jù)后文“thingsboughtjusttostuffthemselves”可知她們買的都是食物，為了填飽自己的肚子。故選D。26.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他問一名員工她們打算帶走的其他物品在哪里，并被告知它們被放回了貨架上。A.shelves：貨架；B.counters：計數(shù)器；C.checkout：檢驗；D.lockers：儲物柜。此處指她們打算拿走的物品已經(jīng)被放回了貨架。故選A。27.考查動詞和動詞短語辨析。句意：雖然Lima堅信要遵守法律，但他決定放過她們，不進行起訴。A.stood：站立；B.resisted：反抗；C.believedin：相信；D.putoff：推遲。根據(jù)后文followingthelaw指Lima堅信要遵守法律，believein符合語境。故選C。28.考查動詞短語辨析。A.maketrouble：制造麻煩；B.takeresponsibility：負責；C.playtricks：耍手段；D.presscharges：起訴。結(jié)合上文可知兩名女性涉嫌盜竊，Lima本來可以起訴她們的，但是決定網(wǎng)開一面，故選D。29.考查副詞詞義辨析。A.consequently：因此；B.fortunately：幸運地；C.gradually：逐漸地；D.incredibly：難以置信地。Lima打算放過這兩個偷東西的女性，這讓她們非常感激。故選A。30.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.ashamed：羞愧的；B.shocked：震驚的；C.anxious：焦慮的；D.innocent：無辜的。一般說來，偷東西會被逮捕，但是Lima卻決定放過她們，因此她們既感激又震驚。故選B。31.考查名詞詞義辨析。A.lesson：課程；B.outcome：結(jié)果；C.choice：選擇；D.excuse：借口。結(jié)合后文“andthey’dbearrested”可知如果Lima選擇起訴她們，她們的結(jié)果就是被逮捕。故選B。32.考查動詞詞義辨析。A.aid：援助；B.control：控制；C.remind：提醒；D.reward：獎勵。結(jié)合上文“Obviously,thisfamilywasinrealneed.”以及后文“Hegavethem$200giftcard,tellingthemnottogetthingsinillegalwaysanymore.”可知Lima送給她們禮品卡，來幫助這個需要幫助的家庭。故選A。33.考查動詞詞義辨析。A.returned：返回；B.exchanged：交換；C.taken：帶走；D.ordered：命令。呼應上文“wheretheotheritemswerethattheyhadplannedtotake”