10非謂語動(dòng)詞2022年中考英語易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解題秘笈（原卷版）

10非謂語動(dòng)詞2022年中考英語易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解題秘笈（通用版）中考易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)三年考頻統(tǒng)計(jì)考點(diǎn)考頻考點(diǎn)考頻動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語32現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語4動(dòng)名詞作賓語26動(dòng)詞不定式作主語3動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語19過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語3動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式9動(dòng)名詞作主語2動(dòng)詞不定式的省略9動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語1動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語的區(qū)別7動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式1“疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)7現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語1動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語4過去分詞作定語1易錯(cuò)題典例考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.Attimes,parentsfinditdifficultwiththeirteenagechildren.A.talkB.talkedC.talkingD.totalk錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選C.未掌握“find+it+adj.+todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。正確解答：D句意為：“有時(shí)，家長們發(fā)現(xiàn)與他們處于青春期的孩子交談是很困難的?！薄癴ind+it+adj.+todosth.”“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是·····的”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。2.Thetrafficsignswarnpeopleafterdrinking.A.todriveB.nottodriveD.don'tdriveC.driving錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選D.在英語中一個(gè)簡單句只能有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，本題中的warn已是謂語動(dòng)詞，所以不能再選D.正確解答：Bwarnsb.nottodosth.是動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式，意為“警告某人不要做某事”。3..Whataheavyrain!－Soitis.Ipreferratherthanonsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathomeB.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathomeD.stayingathome;goout錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選D.未掌握prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.的搭配形式。正確解答：Bprefertoosth.ratherthandosth.是固定搭配，意為“寧可做某事而不做某事”，由句意可知選B.考點(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞1.TheWorldCupising.Iwon'tanygame!－I'mlookingforwardtoeverymatchofit,too.A.miss;towatchB.miss;watchingC.tomiss;watchD.tomiss;watched錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選C.分析不清第一空作謂語，不能用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式；第二空忽視lookforwardto中to為介詞。正確解答：Bwon't為助動(dòng)詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形，一起構(gòu)成謂語，故第一空用miss;lookforwardto表示“盼望，期望”，to是介詞，后面跟動(dòng)名詞形式，故第二空用watching.2.honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.A.BeingB.LookC.BeD.Bee錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選C.句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞is,若選C句子就成了兩個(gè)謂語。正確解答：A句意為：“誠實(shí)是人首先應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的東西?！彼钤~與honest在句中作主語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故選A.考點(diǎn)3分詞1.IfoundaletteronthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.lyingB.layC.lieD.lies錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選B.未掌握現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)的用法。正確解答：A句意為：“我走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有一封信?！彼钤~在句子中作賓語補(bǔ)足語，aletter與lie之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。2..HewantstohavehisTV.A.repairingB.repairedC.torepair錯(cuò)因分析：易錯(cuò)選C.未掌握havesth.done的用法。正確解答：Bhavesb.doingsth.表示“讓某人一直做某事”；havesth.done表示“讓某事被做”；havesth.todo表示“有某事要去做”。TV和repair之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。易錯(cuò)題題型單項(xiàng)選擇完成句子漢譯英易錯(cuò)題專練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Heistooyoung.Hedoesn’tknow________byhimself.A．whattodothings B．howtodothings C．howtodo D．whattobedone2．—HaveyoueverheardthatChinaisbuildinganationwide5Gnetwork?—Right.5Gwillallowus______Englishmoviesfasterthanever.A．download B．downloads C．todownload D．downloading3．________baseballgame,youneedtogototheYankeeStadium.A．Towatch B．AfterplayingC．Beforebuying D．Lookingat4．—Didyoubuyablouseyesterday?—No.Theyareallbeautiful.Icouldn’tdecide________.A．whattochoose B．whichonetochooseC．whatshouldIchoose D．whichshouldIchoose5．It'simportant________basketballwell.A．ofhimtoplay B．forhimtoplay C．ofhimplaying D．forhimplaying6．Hefound________difficult________Englishwell.A．it,learn B．it,tolearn C．that,learn D．that,tolearn7．IliketowatchAroundtheWorld,becauseIhope_______outwhat’s_______onaroundtheworld.A．find;go B．tofind;going C．tofind;togo8．Howaboutthetwoofyou________thechickensonthefarm?A．tofeed B．feed C．feeding D．tobefeeding9．Weshouldpreventthesand________awaybythestrongwindinspring.A．fromblow B．fromblowingC．frombeingblown D．beingblow10．Nooneenjoys________at.A．laughing B．tolaugh C．beinglaughed D．tobelaughed11．Iregret________heradviceonhowtomakefewermistakes.A．don'tlistento B．notlisteningto C．notlistento D．notlistening12．It'salittlecoldtoday.Wouldyoumind

thewindow?Ofcoursenot.A．notopening B．nottoopen C．don'topen D．noopening13．Ourclassteacheroftensaysthat_________toomuchtimewiththemobilephone________inthewayofourschoolwork.A．spend;get B．spending;gets C．tospend;getting14．Themanwentbackand________downtohavearestafter________tohisbossaboutbeingill.A．lied,lying B．lay,laying C．lay,lying D．laid,laying15．Ihope________aletterfrommypenfriendLydiasoon.Myfavoritehobbyis________letterstoher.A．receiving;writing B．toreceive;writeC．receiving;write D．toreceive;writing16．Thewinnerofthe________petitionisaboy________Tom.A．speaking；calling B．spoken；called C．speaking；called D．spoken；calling17．Dogshelpthepolice_________thievesandfind_________people.A．catch…miss B．tocatch…miss C．catch…missing D．tocatch…missed18．Onhearingthenews,sherushedoutwithouthesitation,________herhandbag________onthesofaand________inthedistance.A．left;lied;disappeared B．leaving;lying;disappearedC．leaving;laying;disappearing D．left;lying;disappearing19．Ifyouseeaflag_____outsideawindow,youmayknowsomeoneinthathouse______abirthday.A．fly,have B．flew,hasC．flying,ishaving D．flying,has20．Thedog________overthereunderthetreebelongedtoJimmy.Besidethedog,abook________openontheground.A．lay;laid B．lying;laid C．lay;lay D．lying;lay21．Doyouknowthegirl________underthetree?A．standing B．stands C．stand D．stood22．MichaelJackson________as“KingofPop”wasannounceddeadonJune25th,________theworld.A．regarded;surprising B．whoregarded;surprisingC．regarded;surprised D．wasregarded;surprising23．Whentheypassedby,theysawsomechildren________happilyinthegarden.A．plays B．toplay C．played D．playing24．I’msorrytokeepyou______forabouthalfanhour.A．wait B．waits C．towait D．waiting25．Ididn’tnoticeanyoneintotheroomjustnowbecauseIwasbusytomyson.A．get;writing B．got;towrite C．getting;towrite D．getting;writing26．________withhisflat,minelooks__________new.A．pared;asgoodas B．Topare;aswellasC．pared;aswellas D．Topare;asgoodas27．—Eachyear,________fishesarekilledbythe________water.—Soweshoulddosomethingtostopit!A．millionof;polluting B．twomillions;pollutedC．millionsof;polluted D．twomillion;polluting28．Thisactionmovie________Transformersisvery________.Ihaveneverseenaworseone.A．isnamed;tired B．named;tiring C．isnamed;exciting D．named;exciting29．—Whydoyouspeakin______aloudvoice?—BecauseIwanttomakemyself______clearly.A．such;hear B．such;heard C．so;heard D．so;hear30．Manyoldpeopleare____atthe____modernscience.A．surprised;surprising B．surprised;surprisedC．surprising;surprising D．surprising;surprising31．___________bytheirdeeds,wedecidetodoeverythingforthepeoplefromnowon.A．Moving B．Tomove C．Moves D．Moved32．Pleaseremain______untiltheplanehasetoapletestop.A．toseat B．seats C．seating D．seated33．Mynewbikeisbroken,Iwanttohaveit________.A．repairing B．torepair C．repaired D．repairs34．LuXunhasbeen________formanyyears,butthenovels________byhimarestillveryeducational.A．died;waswritten B．died;written C．dead;waswritten D．dead;written35．________,thevillageisbeautiful.A．Seeingfromthemountain B．SeenfromthemountainC．Seefromthemountain D．Seesfromthemountain二、完成句子36．當(dāng)你到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)吸入空氣很困難。Whenyoureachthetopofthemountain,you’llfinditdifficult______________________________air.37．今天早晨媽媽用了20分鐘做早飯。IttookMomtwentyminutes__________breakfastthismorning.38．我真后悔弄得這么一團(tuán)糟，我現(xiàn)在得從頭開始。Ireallyregret__________.Ihavetostartalloveragain.39．在跟外國人交談時(shí)，我就是不能使他們明白我。Ijustcouldn'tmakemyself________whiletalkingtoforeigners.40．琳達(dá)很后悔在媽媽讓她寫作業(yè)的時(shí)候和媽媽頂嘴。Lindaregretted________hermotherwhenhermotheraskedhertodohomework.41．能讓人們無論何時(shí)何地都能保持聯(lián)系。Telephoneallowpeopleto___________________________________________eachother.42．老師告訴Sally即使是沒有時(shí)間也不要放棄彈鋼琴。TheteachertoldSally___________________________playingthepianoeventhoughshehadnotime.43．我們有足夠的時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Wehave_________________finishthetask.44．我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是游泳。My________sportis________.45．你介意把剪刀放盒子里嗎？Wouldyoumind________________________?三、漢譯英將下列句子譯成英語，并將所譯句子寫在答題卡上標(biāo)有題號的橫線上。46．他別無選擇，只能放棄了出國。__________________________________________________________________47．現(xiàn)在這種機(jī)器在工廠廣泛應(yīng)用。________________________________________________________________48．為了減少污染，我們應(yīng)該多騎車來代替開車。__________________________________________________________________49．下雨天你最好不要讓窗戶開著。__________________________________________________________________50．那個(gè)音樂會如此精彩很值得等待。__________________________________________________________________易錯(cuò)題解題秘笈考點(diǎn)1動(dòng)詞不定式1.動(dòng)詞不定式的形式:基本形式為“to+動(dòng)詞原形”，否定形式為“notto+動(dòng)詞原形”。例It'simportantnottobelateforclass.上課不遲到是非常重要的。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的功能（1)動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語。作狀語時(shí)，一般在句中作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語和原因狀語。例WeneedmoremoneytoimprovetransportinLondon.我們需要更多的錢來改善倫敦的交通狀況。（2)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語。常用it作形式主語，真正作主語的不定式后置。常用句型為“Itis+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.”。例It'snoteasytofindyourwayaroundthetown.在這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上要找到路很不容易。（3)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：wouldlike/wantto想要agreeto同意affordto負(fù)擔(dān)得起hope/wishto希望decideto決定promiseto承諾continueto繼續(xù)expectto期望refuseto拒絕（4)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞：tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事（5)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。作定語時(shí)常放在修飾詞后，作后置定語。例Ican'tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher.我想不出任何好的建議給她。（6)動(dòng)詞不定式作表語。常放于be動(dòng)詞后。例Myjobistolookafterthebaby.我的工作是照顧這個(gè)嬰兒。3.“疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞不定式可以與疑問代詞who,whom,what,which,whose及疑問副詞when,where,how等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、同位語等。Ididn'tknowhowtogetbacktothevillage.我不知道怎樣回到村子。4.常見省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)hadbetterdosth.最好做某事wouldratherdosth.寧愿做某事cannotbutdosth.只好做某事Why(not)dosth.?為什么（不）做某事？考點(diǎn)2動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞的功能（1)動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語。常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞（短語）有：enjoy喜歡finish完成keep(on)保持mind介意advise建議suggest建議practice練習(xí)admit承認(rèn)feellike想要can'thelp禁不住imagine想象avoid避免（2)作介詞的賓語。介詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。例Aftereatinginherrestaurantpeoplewouldbeetiredveryquickly.顧客在她的餐館里吃過飯以后，很快就會感到疲乏。（3