江蘇省南通市如皋市2023－2024學(xué)年度高三上學(xué)期調(diào)研（一）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)如皋市2023－2024學(xué)年度高三年級(jí)第一學(xué)期調(diào)研(一)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，20小題，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B.C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whyisthewomansleeplessaccordingtotheman?A.Sheistoostressed.B.Shegoestobedtoolate.C.Shestaysindoorsfortoolong2.Whatdoestheboyhavetodoafterschool?A.Feedthecat.B.Visithisuncle.C.Gotothelibrary.3.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Anengineer.B.Areceptionist.C.Arepairman.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthewoman’shouse.B.Inaclothingshop.C.Inanoffice.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Ahouse.C.Apainting.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepie?A.Itisquitebig.B.Ittastesnice.C.Itlooksstrange.7.WhatwillJessiedonext?A.Makesomeshapes.B.Brushthetopwithegg.C.Addmeatandvegetables.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whorowedtheboatatfirst?A.Theman’sparents.B.Theman’sbrothers.C.Themanandhisfather.9.Whatdidthemansayabouttherowing?A.Itwastiring.B.Itwashard.C.Itwasinteresting.10.Whatdidtheman’sfatherdo?A.Hepreparedthepicnic.B.Hetookthewrongway.C.Heledthefamilytothecar.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Friends.C.Landlordandtenant.12.WhatdoesLucaschoosetodrink?A.Tea.B.Grapejuice.C.Coffee.13.Whatisinfrontofthegym?A.Agrocerystore.B.Asupermarket.C.Thesubwaystation.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.HowdoesDavidsoundwhenspeakingofhisuncle?A.Surprised.B.Worried.C.Grateful.15.WhydoesDavidlikehisjob?A.Itmakeshislifedifferent.B.Itrealizeshisuncle’sdream.C.Ithasbroughthimwealthandfame.16.WhichtricktookDavidoverfiveyearstocreate?A.MakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.B.StraighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.C.Puttingawoman’sfaceonMtRushmore.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmuchshouldanadultpayforthetour?A.￡55.B.￡110.C.￡240.18.Whichisexcludedfromthetour?A.Hotelpickup.B.Drinks.C.Meals.19.WhendidtheBritishMuseumopentothepublic?A.In1747.B.In1753.C.In179.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheBritishMuseum?A.Theentrancetothemuseumisn’tfree.B.Itcontainsabouttwomillionobjects.C.Thereisasubwaystationnearby.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourbeautifultripscombiningbikesandtrainsOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.DanubeCyclePathItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.ThepathismostpopularinAustriafeaturing245scenicmilesservicedbylocalandlong-distancetrains.Mostcyclistschoosetoridefromwesttocastwiththeflowoftheriver,totakeadvantageofthenaturalslope(斜坡)ofbicycletraffic.LehighGorgeRailTrailThetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.AhistorictouristrailwaycalledtheLehighGorgeScenicRailwayfollowsthetrail,allowingcycliststocreateaone-wayrideratherthanbacktracking.TherailtrailismostlyflatandpassesthroughLehighGorgeStatePark.Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.CinderTrackTheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.Thetrainjourneyisnotadirectpathwaybetweenthetwotowns—infact,thetracksoftheoriginaldirectpathwaywereremovedtocreatethetrail.Thetrail,meanwhile,hugstheYorkshirecoast,withviewsofseasidebluffs(峭壁),fishingvillages,etc.1.WhatisspecialabouttheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail?A.Itoffersachancetovisitmuseums.B.Itgoespastmanycitiesandvillages.C.ItsharesmostofitstrailwithCVSR.D.Itprovidescyclistswithaviewofthesea.2.What’sthedisadvantageoftheLehighGorgeRailTrailforcyclists?A.Thenumeroussharpslope. B.Theextremelyroughpath.C.Theconnectionwitharailway. D.Thetimelimitofbikeservice.3.Whichofthefollowingcoversthelongestdistance?A.TheCinderTrack.B.TheDanubeCyclePath.C.TheLehighGorgeRailTrail.D.TheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了四次結(jié)合自行車和火車的美麗旅行?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)下的段落中“TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.(凱霍加谷風(fēng)景鐵路(CVSR)沿著從阿克倫到索恩伯格站的小路分開(kāi)延伸，全長(zhǎng)31英里，穿過(guò)凱霍加谷國(guó)家公園。這條小徑環(huán)繞著原來(lái)的俄亥俄和伊利運(yùn)河的輪廓。今天，這條路經(jīng)過(guò)許多地標(biāo)，包括橋梁、博物館和村莊)”可知，OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail的特別之處是提供了參觀博物館的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.(雖然火車大部分時(shí)間運(yùn)行，但從5月到11月，每月只有一個(gè)周末提供自行車服務(wù))”可知，LehighGorgeRailTrail的缺點(diǎn)是自行車服務(wù)的時(shí)間是受限制的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)下的段落中“Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.(這條小徑全長(zhǎng)87英里，從克利夫蘭到俄亥俄州東北部的玻利瓦爾)”；根據(jù)小標(biāo)題DanubeCyclePath下的段落中“ItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.(這條路沿著多瑙河蜿蜒745英里，從德國(guó)的多瑙埃辛根(Donaueschingen)一直延伸到匈牙利的布達(dá)佩斯)”；根據(jù)小標(biāo)題LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Thetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.(尾巴延伸25英里，穿過(guò)利哈伊河旁的林地)”以及根據(jù)小標(biāo)題CinderTrack下的段落中“TheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.(“煤渣軌道”是一條21英里長(zhǎng)的碎石小道，位于英格蘭約克郡海岸。這條小道的起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)是斯卡伯勒鎮(zhèn)(Scarborough)和惠特比鎮(zhèn)(Whitby)，附近都有火車站)”可知，四條路線中TheDanubeCyclePath.是路線最長(zhǎng)的。故選B項(xiàng)。BBorninanunknownvillageinHuarongcounty,Hunanprovince,Yihadfewopportunitiestoplayinstrumentswhenhewasyoung.Attheageof6,whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.Itwasnotuntilmuchlaterthathefirstsawapianowhenhevisitedhiscousin’shouseinHuarong.“Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.YifirstarrivedinShenzhen19yearsagoandworkedinfactories,onconstructionsitesandinkitchens.Hehadnotplayedapianofornearly30years.ThepublicpianosinHuaqiangbeiofferedhimafreshstart.Onahotsummer’sday,whiletakingabreakfromworkatanearbyconstructionsite,Yiandhissonpassedoneoftheinstruments.Encouragedbyhisson,Yidecidedtogiveitatry.Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.AlthoughhismasterlyperformanceatthepianokeyboardquicklymadehimanonlinesensationinChinaandoverseas,YiisnottheonlyonetobenefitfromthepianosinHuaqiangbei.InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.ZhangChen,deputydirectoroftheHuaqiangbeisubdistrictoffice,said:“HuaqiangbeiislocatedinthecommercialdistrictinthecenterofShenzhen.Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.”4.WhatdowelearnaboutyoungYifromthepassage?A.Hesmoothedthepathtopianolessons.B.Hewasfascinatedbymusicalinstruments.C.Hereceivedmusicaltrainingattheageof6.D.Hefamiliarizedhimselfwitherhuathiscousin’.5.HowdidYifeelwhenhedecidedtotryplayingthepiano?A.Awkward. B.Confident. C.Amazed. D.Refreshed.6.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthe7thparagraph?A.Theartist’spopularity. B.Theproject’sorigin.C.Theartist’screativity. D.Theproject’schallenge.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Acityculturefeaturingthepianoneedschanging.B.Thestreetpianoprojectfuelsurbandevelopment.C.Huaqiangbeigetsintunewithitsculturalambitions.D.Shenzhentakestheleadinpromotingculturalprosperity.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以Yi在華強(qiáng)北的公共鋼琴演奏使他在國(guó)內(nèi)外網(wǎng)絡(luò)上引起轟動(dòng)為例，介紹了華強(qiáng)北的公共鋼琴項(xiàng)目以及華強(qiáng)北的文化抱負(fù)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Attheageof6,whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.(6歲時(shí)，當(dāng)大多數(shù)演奏者已經(jīng)開(kāi)始在音樂(lè)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴時(shí)，易從寄宿在他家的一群人那里學(xué)習(xí)了傳統(tǒng)的弦樂(lè)器二胡)”以及第三段““Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.(“我家太窮了，沒(méi)錢給我買鋼琴，所以我經(jīng)常去拜訪我的表弟，即使要花一個(gè)小時(shí)左右的時(shí)間，走20公里的巖石路到他家，只是為了有機(jī)會(huì)坐在琴鍵前，”易說(shuō))”可知，Yi對(duì)樂(lè)器著迷。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.(他緊張地用手在衣服上搓著，但手指一放在琴鍵上，他就覺(jué)得舒服多了，又恢復(fù)了信心)”可知，當(dāng)他決定嘗試彈鋼琴時(shí)，他感到局促不安。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第七段“InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.(自2008年以來(lái)，英國(guó)藝術(shù)家LukeJerram在全球70多個(gè)城市放置了2000多架印有“PlayMe,I’mYours”字樣的街頭鋼琴。受此啟發(fā)，當(dāng)?shù)卣?018年啟動(dòng)了華強(qiáng)北公共鋼琴項(xiàng)目)”可知，第七段主要講了項(xiàng)目的起源。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.(我們一直在努力提供多樣化的設(shè)施，為該地區(qū)帶來(lái)高質(zhì)量的公共文化服務(wù)。我們很驚訝，公共鋼琴項(xiàng)目吸引了這么多人來(lái)演奏樂(lè)器，還有其他人來(lái)觀看他們的表演)”可知，華強(qiáng)北提供多樣化的設(shè)施吸引了人來(lái)演奏樂(lè)器，與它的文化抱負(fù)相一致。故選C。CMarsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.It’slatewinterinMars’NorthernHemisphere,wherethePerseveranceroverandIngenuityhelicopterareexploringanancientriverdelta(三角洲)thatoncefedintoJezeroCraterbillionsofyearsago.Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.TherearetwotypesofsnowonMars.OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.TheothertypeofMartiansnowiscarbondioxidebased,ordryice,anditcanlandonthesurface.AfewfeetofsnowtendstofallonMarsinitsflatregionsnearthepoles.“Enoughfallsthatyoucouldsnowshoe(穿雪鞋走路)acrossit.”saidSylvainPiqueux,aMarsscientistatNASA’SJetPropulsionLaboratoryinPasadena,California,inastatement.Sofar,noorbiters(軌道飛行器)orrovershavebeenabletoseesnowfallontheredplanetbecausetheweatherphenomenononlyoccursatthepolesbeneathcloudcoveratnight.Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.However,theMarsClimateSounderinstrumentontheMarsReconnaissanceOrbitercandetectlightthat’sinvisibletothehumaneye.IthasmadedetectionsofcarbondioxidesnowfallingattheMartianpoles.ThePhoenixlander,whicharrivedonMarsin2008,alsousedoneofitslaserinstrumentstodetectwater-icesnowfromitsspotabout1,600kilometersawayfromtheMartiannorthpole.Thankstophotographers,weknowsnowflakesonEarthareuniqueandsixsided.Beneathamicroscope,Martiansnowflakeswouldlikelylookalittledifferent.“Becausecarbondioxideicehasasymmetry(對(duì)稱)offour,weknowdry-icesnowflakeswouldbecube-shaped(立方體的),”Piqueuxsaid.“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.”Iceandcarbondioxide-basedfrostsalsoformonMars,andtheycanoccurfartherawayfromthepoles.TheOdysseyorbiter(whichenteredMarsorbitin2001)haswatchedfrostformingandturningtoagasinthesunlight,whiletheVikinglandersspottedicyfrostonMarswhentheyarrivedinthe1970s.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutthesnowmadeoffrozenwateronMars?A.Itcontainslotsofdust. B.ItmakestheMartianairthick.C.Itkeepsitsformstablewhilefalling. D.ItcanhardlybeseenontheMartianground.9.WhatmakesitdifficultforroboticexplorerstoseesnowfallonMars?A.Thefreezingtemperature. B.Thethicknessofclouds.C.Thechangingweatherpattern. D.Thedistancefromthepoles.10.WhatcantheMarsClimateSoundertellusaboutdry-icesnowflakes?A.Theirsmell. B.Theirsize. C.Theirspeed. D.Theirdirection.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ItSeldomSnowsonMars B.ItIsMuchColderonMarsC.TheBeautifulWinteronMars D.TheSeasonalChangesonMars【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了火星上雪的兩種類型以及探測(cè)器觀測(cè)雪所存在的挑戰(zhàn)以及目前對(duì)于火星上雪花的一些了解情況。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“OneisthekindweexperienceonEarthmadeoffrozenwater.ThethinMartianairandsub-zerotemperaturesmeansthattraditionalsnowchangesfromasoliddirectlytoagas,beforetouchingthegroundonMars.(一種是我們?cè)诘厍蛏象w驗(yàn)到的由冰凍水構(gòu)成的水?；鹦窍”〉目諝夂土阆碌臏囟纫馕吨鴤鹘y(tǒng)的雪在接觸火星地面之前就會(huì)從固體直接變成氣體)”可知，火星上由冰凍的水構(gòu)成的雪在火星上幾乎看不到。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thecamerasontheorbiterscan’tpeerthroughtheclouds,andnoroboticexplorershavebeendevelopedthatcouldsurvivethefreezingtemperaturesatthepoles,whichcanbeaslowasminus120degreesCelsius.(軌道飛行器上的攝像頭無(wú)法透過(guò)云層進(jìn)行觀察，而且目前還沒(méi)有開(kāi)發(fā)出能夠在極地低溫環(huán)境下生存的機(jī)器人探測(cè)器，那里的低溫可低至零下120攝氏度)”可知，冰點(diǎn)溫度讓機(jī)器人探測(cè)器難以看到火星上的降雪。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThankstotheMarsClimateSounder,wecantellthesesnowflakeswouldbesmallerthanthewidthofahumanhair.(多虧了火星氣候探測(cè)器，我們可以判斷出這些雪花比人類頭發(fā)的寬度還小)”可知，火星氣候探測(cè)器能告訴我們關(guān)于干冰雪花的尺寸大小。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Marsmayseemlikeadry,desolateplace,buttheredplanettransformsintoanotherworldlywonderlandinwinter,accordingtoanewvideosharedbyNASA.(火星可能看起來(lái)是一個(gè)干燥、荒涼的地方，但根據(jù)美國(guó)宇航局分享的一段新視頻，這顆紅色星球在冬天會(huì)變成一個(gè)超凡脫俗的仙境)”以及第三段“Astheplanet’smainfeature,dustdrivesMartianweather,buttheplanetisnostrangertosnow,iceandfrost.(作為火星的主要特征，塵埃驅(qū)動(dòng)著火星的天氣，但這個(gè)星球?qū)ρ?、冰和霜并不陌?”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了火星上雪的兩種類型以及探測(cè)器觀測(cè)雪所存在的挑戰(zhàn)以及目前對(duì)于火星上雪花的一些了解情況。可知，C選項(xiàng)“火星上美麗的冬天”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DAmazonsometimesmakesuscheckaboxtosavemoney.Thoseorange“coupon”(優(yōu)惠券)bannersbelowthepriceonAmazon’sonlinestoreareconfusing.WhydoesAmazonmakethroughtheextrastepofclickingaboxto“save$2whenyouapplythiscoupon?”Whydoesn’tthecouponjustapplyautomatically?TheanswerliesinthesubtlebuthighlyeffectivewayAmazonandotherstoresuseshoppingpsychologytoinfluenceourbuyingdecisions.Bymakingusclickabox.Amazonhopestoavoidthe“cartabandonment”problem—whenshoppersaddsomethingtotheirvirtualshoppingcartbutdon’tendupbuyingit.That’sabigchallengeforonlineretailers.Theymissoutonbillionsofdollarsofpotentialsalesannuallybecauseofshoppersthinkingtwiceaboutbuyingaproduct.Around70%ofonlineshoppingcartscontainingatleastoneitemareeventuallyabandoned,accordingtotheBaymardInstitute,ane-commerceconsultancybasedinCopenhagen.Thetopreasoncustomerswalkaway:Theysaytheywerejustbrowsingandweren’treadytomakeapurchase.Socompanieslookforpersuasiontactics(策略)togetshopperstofollowthroughandclickthe“buy”button.Amazon’stactictodisplayacouponoption,insteadofjustautomaticallyshowingadiscountedprice,givesshoppersanextraincentive(動(dòng)機(jī))tomakethepurchaserightaway,saymarketingexperts.Customersalsowanttoberewardedfortheefforttheyputintoshop.Itmaynotfeellikemuchtoclickabox—butitdoesmakeadifference.Amazon’scouponboxputscustomersinamoreactiveandengagedroleinlandingareward,makingitmorevisceral(發(fā)自內(nèi)心的)forthem,saidTamaraMasters,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofUtah’sDavidEcclesSchoolofBusiness,whostudiesshoppingpsychology.“Byconsciouslyseeingandclickingonthecouponbox,insteadofjusthavingthecouponappliedautomatically,therewardcanbefeltmoreacutely,”Masterssaid.That’sabenefittoAmazoninthelongrun.“Whenaconsumerfeelsrewardedaftermakinganefforttopurchasesomething,theyaremorewillingtobuyandmorewillingtopay,”sheadded.ThecouponboxisjustoneofthewaysAmazontargetsshopperslookingforbargains.Amazonalsohasastandalonepageonitswebsiteforcouponsonselectbrands.Ifshoppersgotothepage,theycanclipthecouponsvirtuallyanddon’thavetotaketheextrastepofcheckingabox.Thisapproachisdesignedtoreachtheshopperswhowillshopexclusivelybasedonwhichbrandsareofferingcoupons,whicharedifferentthanproductsonsale,pricepromotionsordiscounts.12.WhydoesAmazonapplythecouponboxtohelpcustomerssavemoney?A.Toavoidtheabandonmentofcoupons.B.Toensurecustomersmakewisechoices.C.Toincreasecustomers’chanceofbuying.D.Torecommendgoodproductstocustomers.13.WhatisthemotivationbehindcustomersbuyingbehavioraccordingtoTamaraMasters?A.Theirefforttogetareward. B.Theirexpectationsofprice.C.Theircuriosityaboutthereward. D.Theirdesiretomakeadifference.14.WhatdoesTamaraMastersthinkofAmazon’stactic??A.Itisalosingbatinthelongterm. B.Itcanprovidemuchconvenience.C.Itmightcauseconsumerscomplaints. D.It’sareliablewaytoencouragepurchase.15.WhatdothelasttwoparagraphstellusaboutAmazon?A.Itwillsaveshoppers’timetocheckabox.B.Itpersuadesselectbrandstooffercoupons.C.Ittriesvariousmeanstotargetdifferentshoppers.D.Itplanstoreduceunfaircompetitionamongbrands.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要解釋了為什么為什么亞馬遜會(huì)通過(guò)額外的點(diǎn)擊步驟來(lái)使用優(yōu)惠券而不是自動(dòng)生效。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheanswerliesinthesubtlebuthighlyeffectivewayAmazonandotherstoresuseshoppingpsychologytoinfluenceourbuyingdecisions.Bymakingusclickabox.Amazonhopestoavoidthe“cartabandonment”problem—whenshoppersaddsomethingtotheirvirtualshoppingcartbutdon’tendupbuyingit.(答案在于亞馬遜和其他商店利用購(gòu)物心理學(xué)來(lái)影響我們的購(gòu)買決定的微妙而高效的方式。通過(guò)讓我們點(diǎn)擊一個(gè)框。亞馬遜希望避免“購(gòu)物車被遺棄”的問(wèn)題，即購(gòu)物者在虛擬購(gòu)物車中添加了一些東西，但最終沒(méi)有購(gòu)買)”可知，亞馬遜使用優(yōu)惠券盒來(lái)幫助客戶省錢是為了增加顧客的購(gòu)買機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Amazon’scouponboxputscustomersinamoreactiveandengagedroleinlandingareward,makingitmorevisceral(發(fā)自內(nèi)心的)forthem,saidTamaraMasters,anassistantprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofUtah’sDavidEcclesSchoolofBusiness,whostudiesshoppingpsychology.(猶他大學(xué)大衛(wèi)·?？藸査股虒W(xué)院研究購(gòu)物心理學(xué)的市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷學(xué)助理教授塔瑪拉·馬斯特斯說(shuō)，亞馬遜的優(yōu)惠券盒讓顧客更積極、更投入地獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，讓他們更本能地獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，塔瑪拉·馬斯特斯認(rèn)為，顧客購(gòu)買行為背后的動(dòng)機(jī)是他們努力獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段““Byconsciouslyseeingandclickingonthecouponbox,insteadofjusthavingthecouponappliedautomatically,therewardcanbefeltmoreacutely,”Masterssaid.That’sabenefittoAmazoninthelongrun.“Whenaconsumerfeelsrewardedaftermakinganefforttopurchasesomething,theyaremorewillingtobuyandmorewillingtopay,”sheadded.(馬斯特斯說(shuō)：“通過(guò)有意識(shí)地看到并點(diǎn)擊優(yōu)惠券框，而不是自動(dòng)使用優(yōu)惠券，人們會(huì)更強(qiáng)烈地感受到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?！睆拈L(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這對(duì)亞馬遜是有利的。她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“當(dāng)消費(fèi)者在付出努力后感到得到了回報(bào)時(shí)，他們會(huì)更愿意購(gòu)買，更愿意支付。”)”可知，塔瑪拉·馬斯特斯認(rèn)為亞馬遜的策略是一種鼓勵(lì)購(gòu)買的可靠方式。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThecouponboxisjustoneofthewaysAmazontargetsshopperslookingforbargains.Amazonalsohasastandalonepageonitswebsiteforcouponsonselectbrands.Ifshoppersgotothepage,theycanclipthecouponsvirtuallyanddon’thavetotaketheextrastepofcheckingabox.(優(yōu)惠券盒只是亞馬遜瞄準(zhǔn)購(gòu)物者尋找便宜貨的方式之一。亞馬遜在其網(wǎng)站上也有一個(gè)單獨(dú)的頁(yè)面，提供精選品牌的優(yōu)惠券。如果購(gòu)物者進(jìn)入這個(gè)頁(yè)面，他們可以虛擬地剪下優(yōu)惠券，而不必采取額外的步驟去勾選一個(gè)方框)”以及最后一段“Thisapproachisdesignedtoreachtheshopperswhowillshopexclusivelybasedonwhichbrandsareofferingcoupons,whicharedifferentthanproductsonsale,pricepromotionsordiscounts.(這種方法的目的是吸引那些只會(huì)根據(jù)提供優(yōu)惠券的品牌來(lái)購(gòu)物的購(gòu)物者，這些優(yōu)惠券不同于正在銷售的產(chǎn)品、價(jià)格促銷或折扣)”可知，最后兩段主要講述了亞馬遜嘗試各種方法來(lái)瞄準(zhǔn)不同的消費(fèi)者。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Longbeforemetalovenracks(烤箱架)wereinvented,manypeoplewouldplacethethingsthattheywantedtobakeontostonestokeepthemfromburninginovensorevendirectlyonheat.TraditionaldisheslikeNativeAmericanflatbreademployedathickheavystoneoveralowfire,ontowhichcornwasspread.____16____However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.Virtually,anybakedfoodcanbecookedonastoneinsteadof,orinadditionto,amoremodernpan.____17____Stonescanstoremoisture(濕氣)andproduceacrispy,perfectlygoldencrust(酥皮)noteasilyattainedinmetalglassbakeware.Andtheyareoftenoptimized(優(yōu)化)forcertaintemperaturesandcrustconditions.____18____Claystoneispopular,butsomepeopleprefermarble(大理石).Someareglazedandothersarenot,sothere’sagreatdealofchoiceonthemarket.Afewcompaniesmakestonecookiesheets,muffintins,andotherstowidentheapplicationspossibleforstonebakeware.Ingeneral,thethickerthestone,themorelikelyitisthatyourbakedfoodwillcarrythetasteofatraditionalbrickoven.Abakingstoneworksbyabsorbingtheheatfromyouroven,thenevenlydistributingitdirectlyoverthesurfaceoftherisingdough(生面團(tuán)).____19____Thatway,theycanlendmoreoftheevenbrowning,whichishighlysoughtafterbybrickovenenthusiasts.Finally,inmostcases,youwillneedatleastaninch(about2.5cm)oneachsideofthestonetoEnsureproperairflow.Thisisparticularlytrueifyourovenisgaspowered.Thestoneshouldnotcausebakedfoodtotouchyouroven’sheatingelements.____20____A.Makesureitwillfitinsideofyouroven.B.Thewaythatbakingstonesworkissimple.C.Manycookspraisetheabilityofthebakingstone.D.Thickstonescancapturemoreheatthanthinones.E.Bakingstonescomeindifferentmaterialsandshapes.F.Thatmakesthemuniquelyusefulformanycookingcreations.G.Todaythebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了用烤石烘焙的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，原理和注意事項(xiàng)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“TraditionaldisheslikeNativeAmericanflatbreademployedathickheavystoneoveralowfire,ontowhichcornwasspread.(傳統(tǒng)菜肴，如印第安人的扁平面包，是用一塊又厚又重的石頭放在小火上，然后在上面撒上谷物)”以及后文“However,thereareactuallymanyapplicationsforitsuseinbaking.(然而，實(shí)際上它在烘焙中有很多應(yīng)用)”可知，本段是在引出主題，所以G項(xiàng)“Todaythebakingstoneisassociatedmostwithcookingpizza.(今天，烤石與烹飪披薩聯(lián)系在一起)”符合本段主題，且Traditional和Today構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Virtually,anybakedfoodcanbecookedonastoneinsteadof,orinadditionto,amoremodernpan.(實(shí)際上，任何烘焙的食物都可以在石頭上烹飪，而不是更現(xiàn)代的平底鍋)”以及后文“Stonescanstoremoisture(濕氣)andproduceacrispy,perfectlygoldencrust(酥皮)noteasilyattainedinmetalglassbakeware.(石頭可以儲(chǔ)存水分，并產(chǎn)生酥脆，完美的金色外殼，這是金屬玻璃烤盤不容易達(dá)到的)”可知，本段講述了石頭烘焙的好處，所以C項(xiàng)“Manycookspraisetheabilityofthebakingstone.(許多廚師稱贊烤石的能力)”符合本段主題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】分析設(shè)空，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Claystoneispopular,butsomepeopleprefermarble(大理石).Someareglazedandothersarenot,sothere’sagreatdealofchoiceonthemarket.Afewcompaniesmakestonecookiesheets,muffintins,andotherstowidentheapplicationspossibleforstonebakeware.(粘土石很受歡迎，但有些人更喜歡大理石。有些是上釉的，有些沒(méi)有，所以市場(chǎng)上有很多選擇。一些公司生產(chǎn)石制餅干板、松餅罐和其他產(chǎn)品，以擴(kuò)大石制烘焙器具的應(yīng)用范圍)”可知，本段在講述烤石的種類很多，所以E項(xiàng)“Bakingstonescomeindifferentmaterialsandshapes.(烘烤石有不同的材料和形狀)”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Abakingstoneworksbyabsorbingtheheatfromyouroven,thenevenlydistributingitdirectlyoverthesurfaceoftherisingdough.(烤石的工作原理是吸收烤箱的熱量，然后將其均勻地直接分布在正在發(fā)酵的面團(tuán)表面)”以及后文“Thatway,theycanlendmoreoftheevenbrowning,whichishighlysoughtafterbybrickovenenthusiasts.(這樣，他們就可以提供更多的均勻褐變，這是磚爐愛(ài)好者所高度追求的)”可知，本段在講述烤石的工作原理，所以D項(xiàng)“Thickstonescancapturemoreheatthanthinones.(厚石頭比薄石頭能吸收更多的熱量)”符合本段主題，并和后文構(gòu)成邏輯關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ensureproperairflow.Thisisparticularlytrueifyourovenisgaspowered.Thestoneshouldnotcausebakedfoodtotouchyouroven’sheatingelements.(確?？諝饬魍槙场Ｈ绻愕目鞠涫侨?xì)怛?qū)動(dòng)的，這一點(diǎn)尤其正確。石頭不應(yīng)該使烘烤的食物接觸到烤箱的加熱元件)”可知，本段在講述使用烤石的注意事項(xiàng)，所以A項(xiàng)“Makesureitwillfitinsideofyouroven.(確保它能裝進(jìn)你的烤箱里。)”符合文意，和前文構(gòu)成邏輯關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inthefallof2008,Iwaslookingtoleavemycurrentjobinadoctor’sofficetoexploresomethingmore____21____.SoIstartedinvestigatingthenewworldoftravelnursing.Withabitof____22____,IwasconnectedtoCarlyn.Atthistime,Iamworkingonallareasofmylifeinthe____23____ofbecomingastronger,moreconfidentperson,and____24____moreaboutwhoIam.Withoutamazing,enthusiasticandsupportiveCarlyn,Iwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday.Forthepast2years,CarlynandIstayedin____25____throughemail,facebook,andaperiodicphonecall,becomingfriends….Ihadawholeviewofallthethingsshewas____26____inherlifeanditinspiredmemuch.Iwasanxiousto____27____Carlynface-to-faceforthefirsttime.But,assoonasshe____28____infrontofmyhouse,itwaslikewehaddoneitamilliontimesbefore.This“myfriends”isthe____29____ofthehumanconnectionthatshetalksabout.Ittakestwopeoplefrom____30____tofriends!Nowasfatewouldhaveit,Carlynhas____31____myworld.Sonow,Ihopetorepayher____32____forallthat