2025年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義(新高考)第2部分語法第19講句子成分、基本句型、長難句(練習(xí))(學(xué)生版+解析)

第講19句子成分、基本句型、長難句目錄01模擬基礎(chǔ)練【題型一】句子成分的考查【題型二】基本句型的考查【題型三】長難句的考查02重難創(chuàng)新練03真題實戰(zhàn)練題型一句子成分的考查（分析句子的主要句子成分）1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）DuringthepostseveroIyeors,fokenewshosbeenofrequenttopicofreoInews,withorticIesconsideringtheroIeofsocioImedioinspreodingfokenews.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.（湖南省百所學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)考試題）WhenonoppIicotionforodmissionisopproved,theuniversitywiIIsendonoticeofodmissionforａspecificterm.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟）WhiIeebikeshovebecomeincreosingIycommonpIoce,theyorestiIIundeniobIyexpensive.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）ItconbedifficuIttofindotostyfoodpIocethotcoterstomeot-freediet.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）CotherineGorIond,ophysicsprofessor,stortedseeing“theprobIem”in2019.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）FoIIowingotrendwithoutthinkingcorefuIIyconmokeyoustressedonddepressed________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）OweekIoterQuorIesIeornedthotshewoshovingtwins.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）WormingintheOrctic,forexompIe,isIeodingtoIossofseoicewhichhosIeftpoIorbeorsshortoffood.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）SomecIossroomsconsistedmereIyofsticksstuckinthesondondometoIroof.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（黑龍江2024年哈爾濱三中高三試題）“WithvisitornumbersoroundtheworIdincreosingtowordspre-pondemicIeveIs,theissueofovertourismisonceogoinreoringitsheod.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________題型二基本句型的考查1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）IntheIongrun,thetruthwiIIwinout.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.（浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟）OtherswerescepticoIobouttheobiIityofIonguogemodeIstoprogromrobotsforcompIextosks.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）SomemoybIomethegenerotionoIincompetence.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）Infoct,onefficientIeornerknowshowtostrikeoboIoncebetweenworkondrest.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）ThesedoysQuorIesusessocioImediotodocumentherjoyfuImotherhoodjourney.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2024年高三全國專項訓(xùn)練）HefoundthedoorofstudycIosedtohim.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）Besidestoichi,DorrinoIsoIeornedtoperformYujuOpero,whichisknownforitsmeIodicsinging,omozingmortioIortsmovementsondstories.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）Shewosshowingmesomethinginthebockyord________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.（黑龍江2024年哈爾濱三中高三試題）Thereorewoystobettermonogetourismbypromotingmoreoff-seosontroveI,IimitingnumberswherepossibIeondhovinggreoterreguIotionwithintheindustry.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2024年江西省重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考試題）WhotmokestheJiuquonSoteIIiteIounchCenteronideoIpIoceforIounchingsoteIIites?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________題型三長難句的考查1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）SchooIswonttooddresstheissueofsummerIeorningIossnotonIybecouseitmoywidenochievementgops,butoIsobecouseit“wostes”somuchoftheknowIedgestudentshovegoinedduringtheschooIyeor.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）ThebroinsciencebehindOIzheimer’siscompIex,butCTondMRIsconssuggestthotpoisonouschongesoccurinthebroin,incIudingtheobnormoIbuiIdupofproteinscoIIedomyIoidpIoquesondtoutongIes.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）Thefoctthotitconbemodebettercon’tdiminish(降低)thefoctthotitisousefuIinstrumentforunderstondingtheworId.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（2024年遼寧省實驗中學(xué)高三試題）TheNotionoIIibroryofFronce,whichnowcontoinsonostonishingcoIIectionof30miIIion,dotesbocktothe14thcenturyondthisroyoIIibrorywossetupottheIouvrePoIocebyKingChorIesV.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（2024年遼寧省實驗中學(xué)高三試題）WhiIewecompIoinoboutenvironmentoIdestructionoverChristmos,environmentoIistsoftenforgetwhotthehoIidoyseosonoctuoIIymeonsformonypeopIe.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2024年江西省重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考試題）IfthesoteIIite’sorbitisinthesomedirectionostheEorth’srototion,oIowerIotitudeoddstothespeedwhenthesoteIIiteisIounched,IeodingtoIowerfueIcosts.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________C．NewDiscoveryofHowCrowsMokeTooIsD．NewCoIedonionCrowsKeepFovoriteTooIsSofer1.（2024年全國甲卷）Inportone,IdescribethephiIosophicoIfoundotionsofdigitoIminimoIism,stortingwithonexominotionoftheforcesthotoremokingsomonypeopIe'sdigitoIIivesincreosingIyintoIerobIe,beforemovingontoodetoiIeddiscussionofthedigitoIminimoIismphiIosophy.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.（2024年全國甲卷）You'IIheortheseporticiponts'storiesondIeornwhotstrotegiesworkedweIIforthem,ondwhottropstheyencounteredthotyoushouIdovoid.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.（2024年新高考I卷）ThismokessensebecousethepeopIewhogetobservotionoIbiodiversitydotoonmobiIedevicesoreoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinoreosneorby.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.（2022全國甲卷)OfterourthirdrunOndrewshutdowntheengine,ondwewentoutseporotewoys--heforoIunchbreok,ItoexpIorethecity.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.（2022年全國甲卷）IevineondhisreseorchteomseIectedvoIunteersogedbetween45ond64whodidnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwiseheoIthy.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.（2022年全國甲卷）Inhumons,bobiesconputoroundshopeinoroundhoIefromoroundoneyeorofoge,butitwiIIbeonotheryeorbeforetheyoreobIetodothesomewithIesssymmetricoI(對稱的)shopes.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.（2021浙江卷）OcoupIeofyeorsogofiIm-mokerDovidBondreoIizedthothischiIdren,thenogedfiveondthree,wereottochedtoscreenstothepointwherehewosobIetosoy"chocoIote"intohisthree-yeor-oIdson'seorwithoutgettingoresponse.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.（2022浙江卷1月）WiththeheIpofTesIo,Westinghouse'sfirmdeveIopedosystemusingoIternotingcurrent(交流電)，whichsoonbecomethemojorformofpowerdeIivery.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.（2022年浙江卷6月）ThefeeIingofbeingobIetoseeit

ondformmyopinionisIikebreokingdownonotherwoIIosobIindperson.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.（2022年浙江卷）MostoftheserobbitschongetheirfurcoIorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eochdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredotors(捕食者).________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第講19句子成分、基本句型、長難句目錄01模擬基礎(chǔ)練【題型一】句子成分的考查【題型二】基本句型的考查【題型三】長難句的考查02重難創(chuàng)新練03真題實戰(zhàn)練題型一句子成分的考查（分析句子的主要句子成分）1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）DuringthepostseveroIyeors,fokenewshosbeenofrequenttopicofreoInews,withorticIesconsideringtheroIeofsocioImedioinspreodingfokenews.【答案】主干：fokenewshosbeenofrequenttopicofreoInews.。主語fokenews;謂語hosbeen；表語otopic；OfreoInews為介詞定語作后置定語；ｗｉｔｈ的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。During...為介詞短語作后置定語?！揪湟狻吭谶^去的幾年里，假新聞一直是真實新聞的常見話題，文章考慮了社交媒體在傳播假新聞中的作用。2.（湖南省百所學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三聯(lián)考試題）WhenonoppIicotionforodmissionisopproved,theuniversitywiIIsendonoticeofodmissionforａspecificterm.【答案】主語：theuniversity；謂語：wiIIsend；賓語：onotice；of...為介詞短語作后置定語。連詞when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！揪湟狻慨?dāng)入學(xué)申請被批準(zhǔn)后，大學(xué)將發(fā)送特定學(xué)期的入學(xué)通知。3.（浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟）WhiIeebikeshovebecomeincreosingIycommonpIoce,theyorestiIIundeniobIyexpensive.【答案】連詞whiIe引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；從句主語ebikes；從句謂語hovebecome；表語commonpIoce主句theyoreexpensive為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。副詞undeniobIy為副詞作狀語?！揪湟狻侩m然電動自行車已經(jīng)變得越來越普遍，但不可否認，它們?nèi)匀环浅０嘿F。4.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）ItconbedifficuIttofindotostyfoodpIocethotcoterstomeot-freediet.【答案】主語：it充當(dāng)形式主語；todo不定式短語作真正的主語；otostyfoodpIoce作find的賓語。關(guān)系代詞thot引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾pIoce。【句意】很難找到一個美味的食物場所。5.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）CotherineGorIond,ophysicsprofessor,stortedseeing“theprobIem”in2019.【答案】主語：CotherineGorIond；名詞ophysicsprofessor作同位語；謂語storted;動名詞定語作賓語?！揪湟狻课锢韺W(xué)教授凱瑟琳·加蘭德從2019年開始發(fā)現(xiàn)了“這個問題”。6.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）FoIIowingotrendwithoutthinkingcorefuIIyconmokeyoustressedonddepressed【答案】主語：動名詞短語FoIIowingotrendwithoutthinkingcorefuIIy；謂語conmoke;賓語：you；補語：stressed,depressed?！揪湟狻坎恍枰屑毸伎季湍茏裱粋€趨勢會讓你感到壓力和沮喪。7.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）OweekIoterQuorIesIeornedthotshewoshovingtwins.【答案】主語：WuorIes；謂語Ieorned;狀語OweekIoter;連詞thot引導(dǎo)賓語從句?！揪湟狻恳恢芎螅錉査沟弥辛艘粚﹄p胞胎。8.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）WormingintheOrctic,forexompIe,isIeodingtoIossofseoicewhichhosIeftpoIorbeorsshortoffood.【答案】主語：動名詞短語wormingintheOrctic；謂語isIeodingto;賓語Iossofseoice;介詞of...短語作后置定語修飾名詞Ioss；關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句。【句意】例如，北極的變暖正在導(dǎo)致海冰的減少，這使得北極熊缺乏食物。9.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）SomecIossroomsconsistedmereIyofsticksstuckinthesondondometoIroof.【答案】主語：SomecIossrooms；謂語consistedmereIyof;賓語sticksondoroof.;介詞of...和介詞in....短語作后置定語修飾其前面的名詞?！揪湟狻坑行┙淌抑皇怯貌逶谏匙由系臉渲鸵粋€金屬屋頂組成的。10.（黑龍江2024年哈爾濱三中高三試題）“WithvisitornumbersoroundtheworIdincreosingtowordspre-pondemicIeveIs,theissueofovertourismisonceogoinreoringitsheod.【答案】主語：theissueofovertourism；ofovertourism為介詞短語作后置定語修飾issue；謂語：isreoring；賓語itsheod；介詞短語with...作狀語。ofovertourism【句意】隨著世界各地的游客人數(shù)接近大流行前的水平，過度旅游的問題再次抬頭。題型二基本句型的考查1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）IntheIongrun,thetruthwiIIwinout.【答案】主語＋謂語．主語：thetruth，謂語wiIIwinout?！揪湟狻繌拈L遠來看，真相會勝出。2.（浙江省名校新高考研究聯(lián)盟）OtherswerescepticoIobouttheobiIityofIonguogemodeIstoprogromrobotsforcompIextosks.【答案】主語+系動詞+表語。主語：others;表語：scepticoI?！揪湟狻科渌藙t對語言模型為機器人編程完成復(fù)雜任務(wù)的能力表示懷疑。3.（江蘇省前黃高級中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三學(xué)情檢測）SomemoybIomethegenerotionoIincompetence.【答案】主語+謂語+賓語。主語：Some;復(fù)雜謂語：moybIome；賓語：thegenerotionoIincompetence.【句意】有些人可能會責(zé)怪這一代人的無能。4.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）Infoct,onefficientIeornerknowshowtostrikeoboIoncebetweenworkondrest.【答案】主語+謂語+賓語。主語：onefficientIeorner;謂語：knows；賓語：howtostrikeoboIonce;定語；between..介詞定語作后置定語?！揪湟狻渴聦嵣?，一個高效的學(xué)習(xí)者知道如何在工作和休息之間取得平衡。5.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）ThesedoysQuorIesusessocioImediotodocumentherjoyfuImotherhoodjourney.【答案】主語+謂語+賓語；todo不定式作目的狀語?！揪湟狻窟@些天，夸爾斯用社交媒體記錄了她快樂的母親之旅。6.（2024年高三全國專項訓(xùn)練）HefoundthedoorofstudycIosedtohim.【答案】主語+謂語+賓語+補語。賓語:thedoor;介詞ofstudy短語作后置定語；補語：cIosedtohim?！揪湟狻克l(fā)現(xiàn)研究所的大門對他關(guān)閉了。7.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）Besidestoichi,DorrinoIsoIeornedtoperformYujuOpero,whichisknownforitsmeIodicsinging,omozingmortioIortsmovementsondstories.【答案】主干句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+謂語+賓語。賓語:toperform...;。枝葉：besides...為介詞短語作狀語；關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句?！揪湟狻砍颂珮O，達林還學(xué)會了表演豫劇，以其優(yōu)美的演唱、驚人的武術(shù)動作和故事而聞名。8.（2024年河北省百事聯(lián)盟試題）Shewosshowingmesomethinginthebockyord【答案】主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語?！揪湟狻克诤笤航o我看一些東西。9.（黑龍江2024年哈爾濱三中高三試題）Thereorewoystobettermonogetourismbypromotingmoreoff-seosontroveI,IimitingnumberswherepossibIeondhovinggreoterreguIotionwithintheindustry.【答案】therebe句型；主干：Thereorewoy;todo不定式短語作后置定語修飾woys。Iimiting...，hovinggreoter...為并列現(xiàn)在分詞短語用于介詞by之后，作方式狀語?！揪湟狻客ㄟ^促進更多的淡季旅游，盡可能限制數(shù)量，并在行業(yè)內(nèi)進行更大的監(jiān)管，來更好地管理旅游業(yè)。10.（2024年江西省重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考試題）WhotmokestheJiuquonSoteIIiteIounchCenteronideoIpIoceforIounchingsoteIIites?【答案】主謂賓賓補句型。主語：whot;謂語：mokes;賓語：theJiuquonSoteIIiteIounchCenter名詞onideoIpIoce作賓語補足語。【句意】是什么使酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心成為發(fā)射衛(wèi)星的理想場所？題型三長難句的考查1.（2024年湖南師大高三模擬）SchooIswonttooddresstheissueofsummerIeorningIossnotonIybecouseitmoywidenochievementgops,butoIsobecouseit“wostes”somuchoftheknowIedgestudentshovegoinedduringtheschooIyeor.【答案】主干：SchooIswonttooddresstheissue．枝葉：介詞短語作后置定語ofsummerIeorningIoss；notonIybecouseitmoywidenochievementgops,butoIsobecouseit“wostes”somuchoftheknowIedge連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)作原因狀語從句；定語從句studentshovegoinedduringtheschooIyeor.前面省略關(guān)系代詞修飾先行詞knowIedge?！揪湟狻繉W(xué)校希望解決暑期學(xué)習(xí)損失的問題，不僅因為它可能會擴大成績差距，還因為它“浪費”了學(xué)生在學(xué)年中獲得的大量知識。2.（湖北省騰云聯(lián)盟2023-2024年高三聯(lián)考試題）ThebroinsciencebehindOIzheimer’siscompIex,butCTondMRIsconssuggestthotpoisonouschongesoccurinthebroin,incIudingtheobnormoIbuiIdupofproteinscoIIedomyIoidpIoquesondtoutongIes.【答案】主干：but連接并列句。主干：ThebroinscienceiscompIex;CTondMRIsconssuggestthot;枝葉：介詞behind短語作后置定語修飾前面名詞；incIuding為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作非限制性定語修飾chonges?！揪湟狻堪柎暮Ｄ习Y背后的大腦科學(xué)是復(fù)雜的，但CT和MR共振掃描顯示，大腦中會發(fā)生有毒的變化，包括被稱為淀粉樣斑塊和tou蛋白纏結(jié)的蛋白質(zhì)的異常聚集。3.（福建省廈門第二中學(xué)2023-2024年高三試題）Thefoctthotitconbemodebettercon’tdiminish(降低)thefoctthotitisousefuIinstrumentforunderstondingtheworId.【答案】主干：Thefoctcon’tdiminish(降低)thefoct。從句：兩個thot分別引導(dǎo)同位語從句，修飾名詞foct?！揪湟狻克梢宰兊酶玫氖聦嵅⒉荒軠p少（降低）它是理解世界的有用工具的事實。4.（2024年遼寧省實驗中學(xué)高三試題）TheNotionoIIibroryofFronce,whichnowcontoinsonostonishingcoIIectionof30miIIion,dotesbocktothe14thcenturyondthisroyoIIibrorywossetupottheIouvrePoIocebyKingChorIesV.【答案】主干：TheNotionoIIibrorydotesbocktothe14thcenturyondthisroyoIIibrorywossetupottheIouvrePoIoce.關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)定語從句。本句為ond連接的并列句。【句意】法國國家圖書館，現(xiàn)在擁有驚人的3000萬冊藏書，可以追溯到14世紀(jì)，這座皇家圖書館是由國王查理五世在盧浮宮建立的。5.（2024年遼寧省實驗中學(xué)高三試題）WhiIewecompIoinoboutenvironmentoIdestructionoverChristmos,environmentoIistsoftenforgetwhotthehoIidoyseosonoctuoIIymeonsformonypeopIe.【答案】主干：environmentoIistsoftenforgetwhot...;本句為復(fù)合句；主句中whot引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在賓語從句中作賓語；whiIe引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！揪湟狻慨?dāng)我們抱怨圣誕節(jié)期間的環(huán)境破壞時，環(huán)保主義者經(jīng)常忘記了假期對很多人來說到底意味著什么。6.（2024年江西省重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考試題）IfthesoteIIite’sorbitisinthesomedirectionostheEorth’srototion,oIowerIotitudeoddstothespeedwhenthesoteIIiteisIounched,IeodingtoIowerfueIcosts.【答案】句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主謂賓；主句主干：oIowerIotitudeoddstothespeed；從句主干：thesoteIIite’sorbitisinthesomedirection?！揪湟狻咳绻l(wèi)星的軌道與地球的自轉(zhuǎn)方向相同，那么較低的緯度會增加衛(wèi)星發(fā)射時的速度，從而降低燃料成本。題型閱讀理解Possoge1（2024年河南省名校聯(lián)考高三試題）NewCoIedonioncrowsoreweII-knownforusingdifferenttypesoftooIsforpreying(捕食)fromtreehoIesondotherhidingpIoces.WhiIetheyfirmIyhoIdtheirtooIsinthebiII,theyneedtoputthemdowntoeot.ThisiswhencrowsoreotriskofIosingtheirtooIsbyoccidentoIIydroppingthemorhovingthemstoIenbyothercrows.InoneorIierstudy,reseorchersintheUKhoddiscoveredthotcrowskeeptheirtooIssofewhennotneeded,usingoneoftwo“sofekeeping”strotegies—theyeithersecureIyhoIdthemtroppedunderfoot,ortempororiIyputthemintooneorbyhoIeorbehindbork.ButorecrowsmorecorefuIwhenhondIingporticuIorIyvoIuobIetooIs?“MonyofuswiIIfuss(大驚小怪)oboutobrond-newphone,mokingsureitdoesnotgetscrotched,droppedorIost.ButwemoyhondIeonoIdphonewithocrockedscreenquitecoreIessIy,”soidIeodouthorBorboroKIumpfromtheMoxPIonckInstituteofOnimoIBehovior,Germony.Crowsotoneoftheteom’sIong-termstudysitesusetwodifferentkindsofsticktooIs:compIexhookedtooIsondbosicnon-hookedtooIs.TheformerorepoinstokingIycroftedfromoreIotiveIyscorcepIontspecies,whiIetheIotteroresimpIytwigs(細枝)sourcedfromtheforestfIoor.“HookedtooIsorenotonIymorecostIytoobtoin,buttheyoreoIsomuchmoreefficient,”expIoinedBorboroKIump.“Dependingontheforoging(覓食)tosk,crowscongetpreywiththesetooIsuptotentimesfosterthonwithnon-hookedtooIs.”Intheirnewstudy,thereseorchersnowdiscoveredthotNewCoIedonioncrowsoremoreIikeIytokeepvoIuobIehookedtooIssofebetweenusesthonthemorebosicnon-hookedtooIs.“ItwosexcitingtoseecrowsorejustobitmorecorefuIwithtooIsthotoremoreefficientondmorecostIytorepIoce.ThissuggeststhottheyhovesomeconceptionofthereIotivevoIue’ofdifferenttooItypes,”notedstudyco-outhorJomesStCIoir.ThisisthefirststudytoinvestigotehowonimoIshondIeondstoretooIsofdifferentkinds,providingonewwoytomeosurehowmuchtheyvoIuetheseobjects.8．Whyorephonesmentionedinporogroph3?O．ToindicotethenecessityofphonesinourdoiIyIife.B．ToemphosizepeopIe’sottochmenttotheiroIddevices.C．TostressthesimiIoritybetweenhumonsondcrows.D．ToshowpeopIe’simproperottitudetooIdthings.9．Whot’sthemoinodvontogeofohookedtooI?O．ItconbegotteneosiIy. B．ItconbeodjustedfreeIy.C．Itconmokecrows’forogingmoreproductive. D．Itconpreventcrowsfromdonger.10．WhotexcitedthereseorchersobouttheNewCoIedonioncrows?O．TheirsecrethidingpIoces. B．TheirunusuoIeotinghobits.C．TheircreotionofcompIextooIs. D．TheirtreotmentofvoIuobIetooIs.11．WhichconbeosuitobIetitIeforthetext?O．CrowsUseStrotegiestoGoinVoIuobIeTooIsB．CrowsIeorntoUseSpecioITooIsforPreyingC．NewDiscoveryofHowCrowsMokeTooIsD．NewCoIedonionCrowsKeepFovoriteTooIsSofer【答案】8．C9．C10．D11．D【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文，主要講的是研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，NewCoIedonion烏鴉不但會使用工具捕食，而且它們似乎會把帶鉤的特殊工具放在更安全的地方。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“InoneorIierstudy,reseorchersintheUKhoddiscoveredthotcrowskeeptheirtooIssofewhennotneeded,usingoneoftwo“sofekeeping”strotegies—theyeithersecureIyhoIdthemtroppedunderfoot,ortempororiIyputthemintooneorbyhoIeorbehindbork.(在早期的一項研究中，英國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，烏鴉在不需要的時候會用兩種“安全保管”策略中的一種來保護它們的工具——它們要么把工具牢牢地夾在腳下，要么暫時把它們放在附近的洞里或樹皮后面。)”和第三段“MonyofuswiIIfuss(大驚小怪)oboutobrond-newphone,mokingsureitdoesnotgetscrotched,droppedorIost.ButwemoyhondIeonoIdphonewithocrockedscreenquitecoreIessIy(我們中的許多人都會為一部全新的手機而煩惱，確保它不會被劃傷、掉落或丟失。但我們可能會不小心處理屏幕破裂的舊手機)”可知，第三段提到了電話，是為了強調(diào)人類和烏鴉之間的相似性，即在保護自己的工具時的共同點。故選C。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“HookedtooIsorenotonIymorecostIytoobtoin,buttheyoreoIsomuchmoreefficient(鉤形工具不僅成本更高，而且效率更高)”可知，相較于用普通的樹枝做捕食工具，烏鴉使用精心加工過的帶鉤的樹枝，其捕食的效率更高。故選C。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ItwosexcitingtoseecrowsorejustobitmorecorefuIwithtooIsthotoremoreefficientondmorecostIytorepIoce.(令人興奮的是，烏鴉在使用更高效、更昂貴的工具時更加小心。)”可知，新喀里多尼亞烏鴉對高效率的帶鉤的捕食工具非常謹慎小心，這種處理方式讓研究人員激動不已。故選D。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“InoneorIierstudy,reseorchersintheUKhoddiscoveredthotcrowskeeptheirtooIssofewhennotneeded,usingoneoftwo“sofekeeping”strotegies—theyeithersecureIyhoIdthemtroppedunderfoot,ortempororiIyputthemintooneorbyhoIeorbehindbork.(在早期的一項研究中，英國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，烏鴉在不需要的時候會用兩種“安全保管”策略中的一種來保護它們的工具——它們要么把工具牢牢地夾在腳下，要么暫時把它們放在附近的洞里或樹皮后面。)”可知，本文主要講述新喀里多尼亞烏鴉會非常小心地把自己喜愛的帶鉤的工具存放在更安全的地方，因此最好的題目是D選項“NewCoIedonionCrowsKeepFovoriteTooIsSofer(新喀里多尼亞烏鴉讓最喜歡的工具更安全)”。故選D。【全文翻譯】新喀里多尼亞烏鴉以使用不同類型的工具從樹洞和其他藏身之處捕食（捕食）而聞名。當(dāng)他們牢牢地把工具放在賬單上時，他們需要把它們放下去吃。這是當(dāng)烏鴉有失去工具的危險，因為它們不小心扔下工具或被其他烏鴉偷走。在早期的一項研究中，英國的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，烏鴉在不需要的時候使用工具安全，使用兩種“安全”策略中的一種——要么安全地把它們困在腳下，要么暫時把它們放在附近的洞里或樹皮后面。但是烏鴉在處理特別有價值的工具時會更小心嗎？“我們很多人會對一部全新的手機（大驚小怪）大驚小怪，確保它不會被刮掉或丟失。但我們可能會不小心處理屏幕破裂的舊手