廣東省珠海市斗門第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題（含答案）

2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省珠海市斗門第一中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卷上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將答題卷收回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteerwithPhillyFoodRescue(PFR)Inonehour,youcandosomethingtoreducefoodwasteandresourcelocalcommunity.DownloadthePhillyFoodRescueapptogetstarted.What’stheserviceopportunity?PFRisthesustainability,foodrecovery,anddonationsarmofShareFoodProgram.You’lluseyourowncar(orbike)torescueleftoverfoodfromagrocerystore,restaurant,orfarmers’market,deliveringittothematchednonprofittakers.Thoseincludeseniorcenters,shelters,schools,andmore.Youcanclaimaone-timeorweeklyfoodrescue.Whatdifferencedoesfoodrescuemake?PFRworkstoincreaseaccesstofreshfoodforourneighbors.Ourteamrecovershalfamillionpoundsoffoodeverymonththankstovolunteerslikeyou.Weresourcemorethan283partnersacrossPhiladelphia,itssuburbs,andSouthJersey,impactingfoodsecurityandsustainabilityeverydayoftheweek.What’srequired?●Ifdriving,adriver’slicenseandinsuranceareneeded.Forsmallerfoodrescues,abikemaydo.●Foodrescuevolunteersshouldbeabletoliftatleast30pounds.●Clearthetrunkandbackseattomakespaceforboxesorbagsoffood.●Completethefoodrescuewithinitsscheduledwindow.Additionalinformation:●PFRmatchesdonationswithinfivemilestokeepfoodlocal,honorvolunteers’time,andensurefoodsafety.●You’rewelcometobringafriendorchildasapassengertohelpwithloading,unloading,anddelivery.●Questions?AskBrittatbkorn@or(215)301-3734.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodo?A.Tocallonpeopletohelp.B.Toinformpeopleoffoodrescue.C.Tointroducewaysofvolunteering.D.Toentertainpeoplewithanewconcept.2.WhatdowelearnaboutPFRservice?A.ItdonatestoShareFoodProgram.B.Itcoversthenationalseniorcenters.C.Itsrescueshaveappointedreceivers.D.Itsaimistohelpthestoresormarkets.3.Whatisrequiredofeveryvolunteer?A.Medicalinsurance. B.Schedulingskills.C.Drivingexperience. D.Weightliftingpower.BEvergladesNationalParkislocatedinthestateofFlorida.Itisthelargestwildernessintheentirecountryandmakesup25%ofthewetlandsinthestate.TheEvergladesishometoseveralrareandendangeredspecies.ItisalsothethirdlargestnationalparkintheUS,afterDeathValleyNationalParkandYellowstoneNationalPark.Eachyear,about1milliontouristsvisitthepark.Onagloballevel,ithasbeenannouncedasaWorldHeritageSite.Unlikemostothernationalparks,EvergladesNationalParkwascreatedtoprotectanecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))frombeingdamaged.In1947,PresidentHarryTrumanspokeattheofficialopeningofEvergladesNationalPark,sayingthegoalofcreatingtheparkwastoprotectforeverawildareathatcouldneverbereplaced.10,000differentislandsmakeupEvergladesNationalPark.Thereexistsnaturalwildlifeoneachoftheseislands.TheEvergladesishometoabout30speciesthatareendangered.Inaddition,morethan350birdspeciesand300speciesoffreshandsaltwaterfishlivewithinthepark.TheEvergladesisalsohometo40speciesofmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物).TherearemanywaystoexploretheEverglades.Visitorscanseealligators(短吻鱷)whilehikingtheAnhingaTrail.TheEvergladesisoneofthefewplacesonEarthwherefreshwateralligatorsandsaltwatercrocodilesliveinthesamearea.Visitorsusingairboatsarelikelytoseelargegroupsofbirds.SomevisitorsmightenjoyridingbicyclesthroughSharkValley.Othersmaywanttomoveslowlythroughthewaterwheretheycanseeinsectsandwildlifeclosely.Accordingtoexperts,changestotheEvergladesarebecomingadangertoseveraldifferentkindsofwildlife.TheysayitisaresultofactionstheUSgovernmentbeganmorethan50yearsago,andsettlersbeganevenearlier.4.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Floridaisfamousforitslargewetlands.B.TherearethreeimportantnationalparksintheUS.C.VisitorsthinkhighlyofEvergladesNationalPark.D.EvergladesNationalParkisveryvaluable.5.Howdoestheauthordescribetherichnessofwildnessinthepark?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bygivingadefinition.D.Bymakingacomparison.6Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A.VisitorscanexploretheEvergladesinmanyways.BVisitorsarenotallowedtostayinthewaterinthepark.C.PresidentHarryTrumanfirstsuggestedsettingupthepark.D.EvergladesNationalParkisthelargestnationalparkintheUS.7.Whatwillbefurtherdiscussedifthepassageiscontinued?A.Howtheendangeredwildlifelosttheirlives.B.Whatsettlershavedonetosavethewetlands.C.Howthepark’senvironmentwasbadlychanged.D.Whatthegovernmenthasdonetoprotectthepark.CWheredogreatmusicians,greatmathematiciansandgreatsportspeoplegettheirtalent?Fordecadesnow,wehaveassumedthatmostofthemaresimplybornwithatalentthatordinarypeopledonothave.WhenbaseballlegendTedWilliamsclaimedthathisachievementhadnothingtodowithnaturalabilitybutweretheresultofpractice,practice,practice,peopleassumedthathewasmerelybeingmodest.Butscientistsnowbelievethattherewasagooddealoftruthinwhathesaid.Throughoutthelastcentury,itwasacceptedthatweinherit（繼承）manyofourcharacteristicsfromourparentsviatheirDNA,thateachofusinheritsafixedamountofintelligence-afixedIQ,andthatmostofusaretobeordinary.Butnowitisacceptedthatourgenesinteractwiththeirsurroundings,gettingturnedonandoffallthetime.“Therearenogeneticfactorsthatcanbestudiedindependentlyoftheenvironment,”explainsMichaelMeaneyofMcGillUniversity.“Andtherearenoenvironmentalfactorsthatfunctionindependentlyofourgenes.Theyworkalongsideeachother.”Howdoesthisviewoftheroleofgeneschangeourunderstandingofindividualtalentandabilities?Doesitnowmeanthatgenesdon’tmatter,andthatweallhavethepotentialtobelike,say,LionelMessiorLebronJames?Suchaclaimfliesinthefaceofreason.Thegenesweinheritclearlymatter,asdogeneticdifferencesbetweenindividuals.ButitisalsotruethatLionelMessiwouldnothavebecomethesuperfootballerheis,norLebronJamesabasketballsuperstar,withoutputtinginthousandsofhoursofpractice.Theycouldhaveturnedoutentirelydifferentpeople.TalentresearcherKevinRathundeagrees.“Highacademicachieversarenotnecessarilybornmuchsmarterthanothersbutgenesdocount,”hewritesinhisbookTalentedTeenagers,“andabovealltheyusuallyworkharderanddevelopmoreself-discipline.”8.WhatdidTedWilliamsthinkledtohissuccess?A.Hisnaturaltalent. B.Hisfullcommitment.C.Hismodestpersonality. D.Hisextraordinaryintelligence.9.Whatdidwewidelybelieveduringthe20century?A.IntelligencehaslittletodowithDNA.B.Ourgenesinteractwithourenvironment.C.Themajorityofusareofaverageintelligence.D.OurcharacterissimplydecidedbyinheritedDNA.10.Whydoestheauthormention“LionelMessi”and“LebronJames”inparagraph3?A.Toclarifyapoint. B.Toillustratearule.C.Toofferasolution. D.Tomakeaprediction.11.WhichstatementwillKevinRathundeprobablyagreewith?A.Mostofusareborntobeaveragepersons.B.Wecouldallbegeniusesifworkinghardenough.C.Genetiefactorsaremoreimportantthanhardwork.D.Greattalentisacombinationofgenesandpractice.DDoyoulistentomusicatthegym?Today,mostgym-goersliketowearhead-phonesandlistentoself-selectedmusicwhilethey’redoingexercise.Whydosongsfrompersonalizedplaylistsseemtoincreasemotivationandmakeintenseexercisemoreenjoyablewhensomeoneiswalkingorjogging?Basedonpracticalexperience,arecentstudyprovidesnewevidencethatlisteningtomusicwhilerunningonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))fightswithmentaltirednessandimprovesperformance.Accordingtoanewsrelease,thisstudyis“thefirsttoinvestigatetheeffectoflisteningtomusicplaylistsonlong-distancerunningcapacityandperformancewhenmentallytired.”ThesefindingswerepublishedonlineaheadofprintonJune22.Forthisstudy,researchersfromtheUniversityofEdinburghhadagroupofexperiencedrunnersdoahigh-intensity5-kilometretreadmillrunwithandwithoutself-selectedmotivationalmusicafterthey’dperformedaseriesofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)examsdesignedtoputtheminamentallytiredstate.Theresearchersfoundthat“l(fā)isteningtoself-selectedmusicinamentallytiredstatereducesthenegativeimpactofmentaltirednessontheirrunningcapacityandperformance,potentiallyduetochangedperceptionofeffortwhenlisteningtomusic.”“Mentaltirednessisacommonoccurrenceformanyofusandcannegativelyimpactmanyofourday-to-dayactivities,includingexercise.Findingsafeandeffectivewaystoreducethisnegativeimpactis,therefore,useful,”ShaunPhillipsofEdinburgh’sMorayHouseSchoolsaidinthenewsrelease.“Thefindingsindicatethatlisteningtopersonalizedmotivationalmusicmaybeausefulstrategytohelpactivepeopleimprovetheirendurancerunningcapacityandperformancewhenmentallytired,”headded.“Thispositiveimpactofself-selectedmusiccouldhelppeopletobetterkeepthequalityandbeneficialimpactoftheirexercisesessions.”12.What’sthefunctionofthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Tomakeacomparism. B.Toleadinthetopic.C.Tomakeaprediction. D.Toaskforinformation.13.Whatwastakenintoconsiderationintheexperimentdesign?A.Runners’cognitivelevels. B.Runners’mentalstates.C.Runners’runningability. D.Runners’musicpreference.14.WhydoestheauthorquoteShaunPhillipsinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Todescribetheexperimentalprocess. B.Toexplorewaystoenhancesportsperformance.C.Tofurtherclarifytheresultofthefinding. D.Toexplaintheharmfuleffectsofmentaltiredness.15Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Personalizedmusicmakesrunnerslesstired. B.Motivationalmusiccheersrunnersup.C.Self-selectedmusicmaintainslifequality. D.Self-selectedmusictreatsmentalillnesses.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Somepeopleputtheirbicyclesawayoncetheylearnhowtodriveacar.Formanypeople,bicyclingisnotjustaneasywayofgettingaroundtownbutalsoanexcitingsport.

____16____.Onekindofraceisthetimetrial.Eachracerleavesthestartinglineatadifferenttimeandheadshardforthefinishline.Thecyclistwhocoversthedistanceintheshortestamountoftimewinstherace.

____17____becausethebicyclesarespreadoutandarenotlikelytorunintoeachother.Anotherkindofraceismoredifficult.Afewcityblocksareclosedtotraffic.Thenalltheracerslineupinatightpackandbeginracingatthesametime.

___18___.Theracerequiresmorethanspeed.Italsorequiresskillfulhandlingofthebicycleasitrunsatfullspeedaroundotherbicycles.Theracerwhocompletesallthelapsfirstisthewinner.____19____.Racershavetocoveranywherefrom35milestoalmost3,000miles.Theracecoursemaybeastraightstretchofroadoralongseriesofroadsacrossthecountry.Theprizegoestothefirstpersonwhocrossesthefinishline.Betweenracescyclistsstayinconditionbydoingexercisethatbuildstheirstrengthsothattheycankeepridingforlongperiodsoftime.

___20___theyoftenjoinbicyclinggroupsandbecomelicensedracers.Thentheycanenterspecialracesalloverthecountry.Ifyou’reacyclist,keeppracticing.Youcouldbecomeastar.A.AscyclistsbecomemoreexperiencedB.AtimetrialisaverysaferaceforbeginnersC.SeriouscyclistsoftenarrangetotakepartinracesD.RoadracesareusuallythelongestcyclingcontestsE.MostpeoplewillseizepossiblechancestogetaroundtownF.Theycovermanylaps,goingaroundandaroundthecityblocksG.Whencyclistsneedn’ttobuildthemselvesupforthosespecialraces第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ifyouhavealittlechild,whohatessittinginachildcarseat,thentheFreedomRideistheanswertoyourproblem.Wouldyouwanttobe____21____inanunchangeablepositioneverytimeyou’reinthecar?No.Youwouldn’t!Whena____22____sitsinacarforanylengthoftime,westretch,wechangetheposition,wemoveourlegs,andshift____23____.Wedothisautomatically,andwithout____24____.Butkidsinatraditionalcarseatcan’tdothis.Theyarestuckinoneposition,andthey____25____move.Wemovebecausethe____26____ofbloodneedstoberestoredinourlegsaswesitinthe____27____positionforanyextendedlengthoftime.Inatraditionalcarseat,thechildcan’tmoveto____28____thepain,soit____29____theminabadmood.TheFreedomRideletsthemhavealittle_____30_____,andstillbesafe.The5-pointHarnessgivesthemadditionalsafety_____31_____atraditionalchildcarseat.IamtheWebmasterforislandbreeze.com,and_____32_____JoeySafeaskedustoredotheirwebsite,Iwas_____33_____bythissystem.ThatisbecauseIhavetwosmallchildren,andweobviously_____34_____carseats.IliveinSouthernCalifornia,andevery_____35_____ofmonths,mywife,thegirlsandI,gotoseegrandmawholivesinNevada.It’sa5-hourdrive,sotheFreedomRideworkswell.Ourtripsaresomuchbetternow,especially,sincethereismoreroominthecarwithoutthecarseats.21.A.stricken B.driven C.stuck D.hidden22.A.woman B.grown-up C.kid D.man23.A.suddenly B.constantly C.smoothly D.strongly24.A.saying B.stopping C.moving D.thinking25.A.can’t B.daren’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t26.A.supply B.transport C.circulation D.pressure27.A.same B.soft C.old D.hard28.A.sharpen B.remove C.suffer D.reduce29.A.takes B.puts C.holds D.gives30.A.rest B.activity C.time D.freedom31.A.below B.over C.under D.around32.A.when B.before C.until D.unless33.A.puzzled B.astonished C.attracted D.attacked34.A.like B.ate C.refuse D.use35.A.other B.second C.couple D.several第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)語(yǔ)法填空Takeamoment____36____(imagine)yourselfintenyears.Youmighthaveafewmoregrayhairsandwrinkles,andhopetochangeyourmaterialcircumstances,too.Butdoesthepersonyouimaginefeelveryclosetothepersonyouaretoday?

Somepeoplehaveavividsenseoffutureself,whichfeels____37____(extreme)closetotheircurrentidentity.Thesepeopletendtobemoreresponsiblefortheirmoney____38____theyarekeentoactinaway____39____willmakelifeeasierintheyearsaheadthanthepresent.Manyotherpeopleseetheirfutureselfasaseparatepersonthathaslittle____40____(relevant)totheirpresentidentityand,____41____aconsequence,theyarefarlessworriedaboutthelong-termconsequencesoftheiractions.

Youcouldalmostthinkaboutyourfutureselfasarelationshipthatshould____42____(pay)greateffortstodevelop.Thinkingmoreaboutwhomwewillbeinthefuturehasaprofoundeffectonourhealth,happinessand____43____(finance)security.Youmightconsiderasimpleimaginativeexercise—writing____44____letterfromthefuture.Thisencouragespeopletofeelacloserlinkwiththeirfutureself,thus____45____(prepare)forpositivebehavioralchange.第三部分寫作(滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)中文提示填寫單詞(要求所填單詞為本學(xué)期新學(xué)單詞)。46.Underno___________(情況)shouldyouusetheelevatorduringafire.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)47.Itseemed______(難以置信的)thatshehadbeenthereaweekalready.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填空）48.Itisratherdifficultforhimtoloseweightbecausehehasastrong_______(偏愛)forfattyandsweetfood.（根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫）49.Thedesignhasto_____________(吸引，引起興趣)toallagesandsocialgroups.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)50.SomefamouspaintingsfromFrancearebeing________(展覽)intheCityMuseumatthismoment.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)51.He________(陪同)hisfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)52.Manylessonsarenow_________(可獲得的)online,fromwhichstudentscanchooseforfree.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)53.Thebrownanimalwasspottedstuckonanarrowwindow________(邊緣)oftheofficetower.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)54.Onlywhenour______(理論)iscombinedwithpracticecantheformerbecomereliableknowledge.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思單詞拼寫)55.Itriedto________(勸說(shuō))himthatjustbeingafraidofbeinglaughedatwasnoreasontogiveup.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示單詞拼寫)第二節(jié)(共1小題;滿分30分)56.隨著信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，微博、微信以及抖音等媒體平臺(tái)得以普遍使用和推廣。假如你是李華，請(qǐng)你就它們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文，參加你校英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)組織的主題為“Howtousesocialmediumplatformswisely”的征文比賽。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)為80左右；2.短文開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。(詞匯：微博Weibo；微信WeChat；抖音TikTok)Withtheadvancementofinformationtechnology,manysocialmediumplatformsarebecomingincreasinglypopularinChina.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案版注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卷上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將答題卷收回。第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteerwithPhillyFoodRescue(PFR)Inonehour,youcandosomethingtoreducefoodwasteandresourcelocalcommunity.DownloadthePhillyFoodRescueapptogetstarted.What’stheserviceopportunity?PFRisthesustainability,foodrecovery,anddonationsarmofShareFoodProgram.You’lluseyourowncar(orbike)torescueleftoverfoodfromagrocerystore,restaurant,orfarmers’market,deliveringittothematchednonprofittakers.Thoseincludeseniorcenters,shelters,schools,andmore.Youcanclaimaone-timeorweeklyfoodrescue.Whatdifferencedoesfoodrescuemake?PFRworkstoincreaseaccesstofreshfoodforourneighbors.Ourteamrecovershalfamillionpoundsoffoodeverymonththankstovolunteerslikeyou.Weresourcemorethan283partnersacrossPhiladelphia,itssuburbs,andSouthJersey,impactingfoodsecurityandsustainabilityeverydayoftheweek.What’srequired?●Ifdriving,adriver’slicenseandinsuranceareneeded.Forsmallerfoodrescues,abikemaydo.●Foodrescuevolunteersshouldbeabletoliftatleast30pounds.●Clearthetrunkandbackseattomakespaceforboxesorbagsoffood.●Completethefoodrescuewithinitsscheduledwindow.Additionalinformation:●PFRmatchesdonationswithinfivemilestokeepfoodlocal,honorvolunteers’time,andensurefoodsafety.●You’rewelcometobringafriendorchildasapassengertohelpwithloading,unloading,anddelivery.●Questions?AskBrittatbkorn@or(215)301-3734.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodo?A.Tocallonpeopletohelp.B.Toinformpeopleoffoodrescue.C.Tointroducewaysofvolunteering.D.Toentertainpeoplewithanewconcept.2.WhatdowelearnaboutPFRservice?A.ItdonatestoShareFoodProgram.B.Itcoversthenationalseniorcenters.C.Itsrescueshaveappointedreceivers.D.Itsaimistohelpthestoresormarkets.3.Whatisrequiredofeveryvolunteer?A.Medicalinsurance. B.Schedulingskills.C.Drivingexperience. D.Weightliftingpower.【答案】1.A2.C3.DBEvergladesNationalParkislocatedinthestateofFlorida.Itisthelargestwildernessintheentirecountryandmakesup25%ofthewetlandsinthestate.TheEvergladesishometoseveralrareandendangeredspecies.ItisalsothethirdlargestnationalparkintheUS,afterDeathValleyNationalParkandYellowstoneNationalPark.Eachyear,about1milliontouristsvisitthepark.Onagloballevel,ithasbeenannouncedasaWorldHeritageSite.Unlikemostothernationalparks,EvergladesNationalParkwascreatedtoprotectanecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))frombeingdamaged.In1947,PresidentHarryTrumanspokeattheofficialopeningofEvergladesNationalPark,sayingthegoalofcreatingtheparkwastoprotectforeverawildareathatcouldneverbereplaced.10,000differentislandsmakeupEvergladesNationalPark.Thereexistsnaturalwildlifeoneachoftheseislands.TheEvergladesishometoabout30speciesthatareendangered.Inaddition,morethan350birdspeciesand300speciesoffreshandsaltwaterfishlivewithinthepark.TheEvergladesisalsohometo40speciesofmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物).TherearemanywaystoexploretheEvergladesVisitorscanseealligators(短吻鱷)whilehikingtheAnhingaTrail.TheEvergladesisoneofthefewplacesonEarthwherefreshwateralligatorsandsaltwatercrocodilesliveinthesamearea.Visitorsusingairboatsarelikelytoseelargegroupsofbirds.SomevisitorsmightenjoyridingbicyclesthroughSharkValley.Othersmaywanttomoveslowlythroughthewaterwheretheycanseeinsectsandwildlifeclosely.Accordingtoexperts,changestotheEvergladesarebecomingadangertoseveraldifferentkindsofwildlife.TheysayitisaresultofactionstheUSgovernmentbeganmorethan50yearsago,andsettlersbeganevenearlier.4.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Floridaisfamousforitslargewetlands.B.TherearethreeimportantnationalparksintheUS.C.VisitorsthinkhighlyofEvergladesNationalPark.D.EvergladesNationalParkisveryvaluable.5.Howdoestheauthordescribetherichnessofwildnessinthepark?A.Bygivingexamples.BBylistingfigures.C.Bygivingadefinition.D.Bymakingacomparison.6.Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A.VisitorscanexploretheEvergladesinmanyways.B.Visitorsarenotallowedtostayinthewaterinthepark.C.PresidentHarryTrumanfirstsuggestedsettingupthepark.D.EvergladesNationalParkisthelargestnationalparkintheUS.7.Whatwillbefurtherdiscussedifthepassageiscontinued?A.Howtheendangeredwildlifelosttheirlives.B.Whatsettlershavedonetosavethewetlands.C.Howthepark’senvironmentwasbadlychanged.D.Whatthegovernmenthasdonetoprotectthepark.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.CCWheredogreatmusicians,greatmathematiciansandgreatsportspeoplegettheirtalent?Fordecadesnow,wehaveassumedthatmostofthemaresimplybornwithatalentthatordinarypeopledonothave.WhenbaseballlegendTedWilliamsclaimedthathisachievementhadnothingtodowithnaturalabilitybutweretheresultofpractice,practice,practice,peopleassumedthathewasmerelybeingmodest.Butscientistsnowbelievethattherewasagooddealoftruthinwhathesaid.Throughoutthelastcentury,itwasacceptedthatweinherit（繼承）manyofourcharacteristicsfromourparentsviatheirDNA,thateachofusinheritsafixedamountofintelligence-afixedIQ,andthatmostofusaretobeordinary.Butnowitisacceptedthatourgenesinteractwiththeirsurroundings,gettingturnedonandoffallthetime.“Therearenogeneticfactorsthatcanbestudiedindependentlyoftheenvironment,”explainsMichaelMeaneyofMcGillUniversity.“Andtherearenoenvironmentalfactorsthatfunctionindependentlyofourgenes.Theyworkalongsideeachother.”Howdoesthisviewoftheroleofgeneschangeourunderstandingofindividualtalentandabilities?Doesitnowmeanthatgenesdon’tmatter,andthatweallhavethepotentialtobelike,say,LionelMessiorLebronJames?Suchaclaimfliesinthefaceofreason.Thegenesweinheritclearlymatter,asdogeneticdifferencesbetweenindividuals.ButitisalsotruethatLionelMessiwouldnothavebecomethesuperfootballerheis,norLebronJamesabasketballsuperstar,withoutputtinginthousandsofhoursofpractice.Theycouldhaveturnedoutentirelydifferentpeople.TalentresearcherKevinRathundeagrees.“Highacademicachieversarenotnecessarilybornmuchsmarterthanothersbutgenesdocount,”hewritesinhisbookTalentedTeenagers,“andabovealltheyusuallyworkharderanddevelopmoreself-discipline.”8.WhatdidTedWilliamsthinkledtohissuccess?A.Hisnaturaltalent. B.Hisfullcommitment.C.Hismodestpersonality. D.Hisextraordinaryintelligence.9.Whatdidwewidelybelieveduringthe20century?A.IntelligencehaslittletodowithDNA.B.Ourgenesinteractwithourenvironment.C.Themajorityofusareofaverageintelligence.D.OurcharacterissimplydecidedbyinheritedDNA.10.Whydoestheauthormention“LionelMessi”and“LebronJames”inparagraph3?A.Toclarifyapoint. B.Toillustratearule.C.Toofferasolution. D.Tomakeaprediction.11.WhichstatementwillKevinRathundeprobablyagreewith?A.Mostofusareborntobeaveragepersons.B.Wecouldallbegeniusesifworkinghardenough.C.Genetiefactorsaremoreimportantthanhardwork.D.Greattalentisacombinationofgenesandpractice.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.DDDoyoulistentomusicatthegym?Today,mostgym-goersliketowearhead-phonesandlistentoself-selectedmusicwhilethey’redoingexercise.Whydosongsfrompersonalizedplaylistsseemtoincreasemotivationandmakeintenseexercisemoreenjoyablewhensomeoneiswalkingorjogging?Basedonpracticalexperience,arecentstudyprovidesnewevidencethatlisteningtomusicwhilerunningonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))fightswithmentaltirednessandimprovesperformance.Accordingtoanewsrelease,thisstudyis“thefirsttoinvestigatetheeffectoflisteningtomusicplaylistsonlong-distancerunningcapacityandperformancewhenmentallytired.”ThesefindingswerepublishedonlineaheadofprintonJune22.Forthisstudy,researchersfromtheUniversityofEdinburghhadagroupofexperiencedrunnersdoahigh-intensity5-kilometretreadmillrunwithandwithoutself-selectedmotivationalmusicafterthey’dperformedaseriesofcognitive(認(rèn)知的)examsdesignedtoputtheminamentallytiredstate.Theresearchersfoundthat“l(fā)isteningtoself-selectedmusicinamentallytiredstatereducesthenegativeimpactofmentaltirednessontheirrunningcapacityandperformance,potentiallyduetochangedperceptionofeffortwhenlisteningtomusic.”“Mentaltirednessisacommonoccurrenceformanyofusandcannegativelyimpactmanyofourday-to-dayactivities,includingexercise.Findingsafeandeffectivewaystoreducethisnegativeimpac