河北省石家莊市辛集市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語(yǔ)試題（含聽力）

辛集市2022—2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘.另附加卷面分5分。2.答卷前.考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。3.回答選擇題時(shí).選出每小題答案后。用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)、用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。4.考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C一個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ann,couldyoutellmewhyyoufailedtopasstheexam?W:Sorry,Mr.Smith.Ispenttoomuchtimeonvoluntaryworklastmonth.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhereisMikenow?A.Intheclassroom. B.Ontheplayground. C.Inthelibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:IsMikeintheclassroom?Ididn’tseehimontheplayground.W:Hewenttothelibrarytwentyminutesago.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldn’tgodowntown.B.Shewantstogowiththeman.C.Themanshouldebacksoon.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whereareyougoing?M:Downtown.W:Haven’tyouheardit’sgoingtosnowheavilythisafternoon?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmuchdidthemothergivetotheboyaltogether?A.$400. B.$500. C.$700.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,giveme$200,please.IwanttobuyanMP3.W:What?Igaveyou$500lastweek.M:Ispent$400onanewcellphoneandtherestonsomebooks.W:OK,hereyouare.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisateacher. B.Heisaguest. C.Heisacook.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Havesomemorechicken.M:Thanks,Mrs.Black,butIreallyhavehadenoughchicken.W:Thenhavesomesoup.Ittastesgood.M:Thanks,butI’dratherhaveacupoftea.I’mreallyfullnow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將繪出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)適或獨(dú)凡讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehasaheadache. B.Hehasgottheflu. C.Hehasgotafever.7.Whendidtheproblembeginbotheringtheman?A.Twoweeksago. B.Twomonthsago. C.Threemonthsago.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Sowhat’sthematterwithyou?M:Ihaveaheadache.W:Howlonghasitbeenbotheringyou?M:Um...Itstartedabouttwomonthsago.Oh,no.Itmusthavebeenaboutthreemonthsago.Atfirst,IthoughtIhadjustgottheflubecauseIhadarunnynose.W:Isee.Anddoesyourheadacheatanyparticulartime?M:It’susuallyworseinthemorning,especiallyduringthepasttwoweeks.W:Nowletmechecktoseeifthereisanythingelseserious.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tochangetheirappointment.B.Todiscussabusinessplan.C.Toarrangeanexhibition.9.Whenarethetwospeakersgoingtomeet?A.OnWednesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello!Robertspeaking.W:Hi!It’sEmma.I’mgladyou’rethere.It’saboutourappointmentonWednesdaymorning.I’mafraidIcan’tmakeit.M:Oh,that’sashame!W:I’msorry.Therewasachangeinmybusiness.M:That’sallright.Butweneedtofindanotherdate.W:IcouldmanagesometimeonThursday.Howaboutyou?M:Sorry,Ihaveanimportantmeetingonthatday.WhataboutFriday?W:I’llgotoanexhibitioninthemorning,butIcouldetoyourofficeafterthat.M.Great!Lookforwardtoseeingyouthen.Bye!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherrecentwork?A.It’stooboring. B.It’sworthwhile. C.It’sdifficulttofinish.11.Whatmakesthewomanfeellucky?A.Shehasfinishedhertask.B.Shewillfinishhertasksoon.C.Someonewillhelpherwiththetask.12.Whatcausedthewomantogiveupdrinking?A.Shelostinterestindrinking.B.Shethoughtitwasbadforherhealth.C.Hermotherfrequentlytoldhertodoso.【答案】10.C11.A12.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Emily,haven’tseenyouforages!Whatonearthhaveyoubeendoingallthesedays?W:Oh,Ihavebeenworkingathome.IgotadifficulttasklastmonthandIhavetofinishitbeforeJuly.Luckily,Ihavefinisheditonthewhole.M:Thenyoumustfeeltired.Haveaglassofbeerandrelaxyourself.W:No,thanks.M:You’vedecidedtogiveupdrinking?W:Yes.Ithinkifyoudon’tenjoydoingsomethinganymore,youshouldstopit.M:Isee.Butdoyoumeanyoudon’tenjoydrinkinganymore?W:That’sright.Ithinkyoushouldgiveitup,too.It’sbadforyourhealth.M:Stoptalkinglikemymother.That’swhatshekeepstellingme.Iknowit’sbadformyhealth,butI’vegotaddictedtoit.AlthoughIwanttogiveitup.howcanI?W:It’suptoyou.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofAmerica?A.Great. B.Diverse. C.Big.14.WhendidthemanarriveinAmerica?A.Twoweeksago. B.Twomonthsago. C.Twoyearsago.15.Whereisthemangoingnext?A.Tohishome. B.Totheclassroom. C.Tothelibrary.16.Whichcountryisthewomanfrom?A.China. B.America. C.Britain.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:IthinkAmericaisalandofdiversity.M:Iagree.Americaisahometoall.Itisabinationoftheworld’splentifulandvariedracesandcultures.W:Youareright.PeopleingtoAmericafromallovertheglobebroughttheirowncultures.Withoutitsrichmixtureofracesandcultures.Americawouldnotbethenationthatitistoday.M:Icouldn’tagreemore.Americaactsasastagewheredifferentculturesnotonlycoexistpeacefully,butalsohavecreatedanation.W:You’vebeeninAmericaforonlytwomonths,butyouseemtoknowalotaboutourcountry.M:I’dlearntalotaboutAmericabeforeIcamehere.EverystudentinChinamustlearnEnglishthesedays.Ifyoulearnalanguage,youmustlearnabouttheculturebehindit.W:That’sright.I’minterestedinChineseculture.Maybeyoucantellmesomethingaboutit.M:Sure,butnotrightnowsinceImustgotothelibrary.Howabouttomorrow?W:OK.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance. B.Playingoutdoors. C.Paintingpictures.18.WhatdidJohndoafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness. B.Hestudiedbiology. C.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohngohunting?A.Forfood. B.Forpleasure. C.Formoney.20.WhatisthesubjectofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds. B.Naturalscenery. C.Familylife.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】第二部分閱讀(共16小題;每小題2.5分，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共11小題：每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHistoryFairpetitionUnderstandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbee.ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairpetitionmakesunderstandinghistoryexcitingengaging,andfun!ThisYear'sThemeAllparticipantsmustaddresshowmunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.Tomanypeople,technologymeansputers,handhelddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.Individualsorgroupsmayenteroneofthefollowingcategories:?Performance?Documentary（紀(jì)實(shí)作品）?EssayWritingCategoryRequirementsPerformance:Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10minuteslong.Ifspecialclothesareused,theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.Documentary:Avisualpresentation（suchasavideo,slideshow,orputerproject）nomorethan10minuteslong.Adesktopputer,screen,projector,andloudspeakerswillbeavailable.StudentsmustprovidetheirpresentationsonCDsbeforeFriday,March23.EssayWriting:Anacademicpaperof2,000to2,500words.Noillustrations（圖解）areallowed,pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.ImportantDatesJanuary5Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisofftopicorunclear.February19Amitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.Studentsthenhaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.March9Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.March15Performanceanddocumentarymitteepreview21.What’sthemainpurposeofunderstandinghistory?A.Topreservenationaltraditions?B.Toprepareforahistorypetition.C.Tobetterknowthepresentandfuture.D.Tofurtherexplorehistoricalmysteries.22.Whatisthethemeofthisyear'spetition?A.Technologyadvancesscience.B.Scienceinteractswithtechnology.C.Sciencehasmadethestudyofhistoryeasy.D.TechnologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans.23.WhatwillthemitteeofteachersdoonFebruary19?A.Makementsonthematerials.B.Improvetheparticipant'ssecondproposal.C.Previewperformancesanddocumentaries.DCollectasecondproposalfromtheparticipant.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了桑頓中學(xué)今年舉辦的歷史展示競(jìng)賽的相關(guān)信息。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Itisanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbee.這是我們今天是誰，我們將成為誰的重要組成部分?？芍瑲v史的主要目的是為了更好地了解現(xiàn)在和未來。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThisYear'sTheme中的AllparticipantsmustaddresshowmunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.所有與會(huì)者都必須說明通信或運(yùn)輸技術(shù)在歷史上如何改善了美國(guó)人的生活質(zhì)量?？芍衲瓯荣惖闹黝}是科技改善美國(guó)人的生活。故選D項(xiàng)。23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ImportantDates中的February19Amitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.可知，2月19日，教師委員會(huì)將對(duì)材料進(jìn)行評(píng)估并發(fā)表意見。因此，2月19日，教師委員會(huì)會(huì)對(duì)材料提出意見。故選A項(xiàng)。BEvelynTopperlikelydroppedherwalletwhensheandhergranddaughter,MikaylaGounard,wereleavingalocalcoffeeshopinSanRafael,California,butTopperdidn’trealizeitwasmissinguntilshegothome.Withhercreditcard,money,andmedicalcardgone,shewasunderstandablyupset.Thenextday,however,Toppergotacallthatputhermindatrest.SeanCurryhadfoundthewalletinatrashcanbehindthecoffeeshop.Exceptforthecash,itscontentswereintact(完整無缺的).Eventhoughhe’dbeenhomelessforfiveyears,ratherthantakeadvantageoftheopportunity,CurryreachedouttoTopper.WhileTopperpraisedhisbehavioranddeclared(宣稱)itamitzvah,agooddeedthat’sperformedwithagoodheartsimplybecauseit’stherightthingtodo,Currydidn’tbelievehe’ddoneanythingoutoftheordinary.He’ddoneit,heexplainedinaninterviewwithNBC,becausethatwasthewayhewasbroughtup.WhatCurrydidn’tknow,however,wasthattherewasasurpriseinstoreforhim.MikaylaGounardhadalreadyplannedasociallydistant“driveby”partyforheruping12thbirthday.Ratherthanpresents,sheddecidedtoaskforcontributionstobedonatedtocharityinhername.Gounardhadn’tyetchosenwhichcharitythemoneywouldgoto,butafterlearningmoreaboutthemanwho’dsoselflesslyreturnedhergrandmother’swallet,thechoiceseemedobvious.ItwasGounard’sturntosetherownmitzvahinmotion.Onthedayofherparty,the12yearoldgirlplacedaphotoofCurryandacollectionbasketnexttoballoonsandpartyfavorsonanoutdoortableinthedriveway.Bytheendofher“HappyBirthday!”party,shehadraisedseveralhundreddollars.WhenGounardandhermommetupwithCurrythenextdayandgavehimthemoney,headmittedthathewastrulytouchedbytheheartwarminggesture.Ratherthanmerelypaylipservicetoamitzvah,likeCurry,Gounardchosetomakeanothergooddeedhappen—becausesheknewitwastherightthingtodo.24.WhatcanweknowaboutSeanCurry?A.HewitnessedthetheftofTopper’swallet.B.HediscoveredTopper’snoncashproperty.C.Heenjoyedwanderingaroundcoffeeshops.D.HecalledToppertofortherforherloss.25.HowdidCurryreacttoTopper’smentonhisbehavior?A.Byturninghisattentiontohislifestyle.B.Bychoosingtoputitonsocialmedia.C.Byapprovingofherideaaboutamitzvah.D.Byputtinglessvalueonwhathehaddone.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“asurprise”inParagraph4referto?A.Anunexpectedparty.B.AcharitysaleinCurry’sname.C.ThespreadofCurry’sgooddeed.D.AgenerousdonationfromGounard.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DoWellandHaveWell B.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItC.MoreSelfcontrol,LessDesire D.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLast【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了無家可歸者Curry在發(fā)現(xiàn)Topper丟失的錢包后，主動(dòng)聯(lián)系Topper歸還物品，在了解了Curry的善行后，Topper的孫女Gounard把在生日派對(duì)上籌集的錢而非禮物，全部捐給了Curry。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“SeanCurryhadfoundthewalletinatrashcanbehindthecoffeeshop.Exceptforthecash,itscontentswereintact(完整無缺的).(SeanCurry在咖啡店后面的垃圾桶里發(fā)現(xiàn)了錢包。除了現(xiàn)金，里面的東西都完好無損。)”可知，SeanCurry發(fā)現(xiàn)了Topper的非現(xiàn)金財(cái)產(chǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhileTopperpraisedhisbehavioranddeclared(宣稱)itamitzvah,agooddeedthat’sperformedwithagoodheartsimplybecauseit’stherightthingtodo,Currydidn’tbelievehe’ddoneanythingoutoftheordinary.(雖然Topper稱贊了他的行為，并宣稱這是一種善行，一種只是因?yàn)檫@是正確應(yīng)做的事情而實(shí)施的善意行為，但是Curry并不認(rèn)為自己做了什么與眾不同的事情。)”可知，面對(duì)Topper對(duì)他行為的稱贊和肯定，Curry覺得自己做了普通的事情，沒有非?？粗刈约核龅氖虑?。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ratherthanpresents,sheddecidedtoaskforcontributionstobedonatedtocharityinhername.(她決定以她的名義向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐款，而不是送禮物。)”和最后一段中“Bytheendofher“HappyBirthday!”party,shehadraisedseveralhundreddollars.WhenGounardandhermommetupwithCurrythenextdayandgavehimthemoney,headmittedthathewastrulytouchedbytheheartwarminggesture.(在她“生日快樂！”派對(duì)結(jié)束的時(shí)候，她籌到了幾百美元。第二天，當(dāng)Gounard和她的媽媽去見Curry并把錢交給他時(shí)，Curry承認(rèn)他真的被這個(gè)暖心的舉動(dòng)感動(dòng)了。)”可知，Gounard在生日派對(duì)上沒有收禮物，而是籌錢去捐助，最后把錢送給了Curry，這個(gè)驚喜指的是Gounard的慷慨捐贈(zèng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了無家可歸者Curry在發(fā)現(xiàn)Topper丟失的錢包后，主動(dòng)聯(lián)系Topper歸還物品，在了解了Curry的善行后，Topper的孫女Gounard把在生日派對(duì)上籌集的錢而非禮物，全部捐給了Curry，最終Curry的善行收獲了善行。因此，A項(xiàng)“善有善報(bào)”符合文章大意，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CSettolaunchonOctober16,theLucyspacecraftisdesignedtostudyJupiter’sTrojanasteroids(小行星).Theseasteroidsaresmallbodiesleftoverfromtheformationofoursolarsystem’slargeplanets.TheyshareanorbitwithJupiterastheplanetgoesaroundthesun.Themission’saimistogathernewinformationaboutthesolarsystem’sformation4.5billionyearsago.Lucywillobserveeightasteroidsover12years.OneoftheeightasteroidsorbitsinwhatisknownastheAsteroidBelt,anareabetweenMarsandJupiter.Mostknownasteroidsorbitwithinthisarea.ThespacecraftwillalsoobservesevenTrojanasteroids.ScientistsconsidertheTrojanasteroidstobetheancientremainsoftheformationofthesolarsystem.TheyhavestayedcapturedinJupiter’sorbitforbillionsofyears.TheTrojanscirclethesunintwogroups.OnegroupleadsJupiterinitsorbitalpath,whiletheotherfollowsbehindit.Lucywillbethefirstspacecrafttovisittheseasteroids.ThespacecraftwasnamedLucyaftertheancientfossildiscoveredinEthiopiain1974.Lucywasoneofthemostfamousscientificfindsofthe20thcentury.Thecollectionofskeletalbonesgavescientistsabetterunderstandingoftheevolutionofhumans.CathyOlkin,thedeputyleadinvestigatorfortheLucymission,paredtheNASAspacecrafttotheLucyfossil.“JustliketheLucyfossiltransformedourunderstandingofhumanevolution,theLucymissionwilltransformourunderstandingofsolarsystemevolution.”shesaid.Thespacecraftisequippedwithseveralimaginginstrumentsdesignedtocaptureinformationaboutthepositionofmaterialsonthesurfaceofasteroids.Otherequipmentwillbeusedtorecordasteroidsurfacetemperaturesandmeasurethesizeoftheobjectsthespacecraftobserves.Lucywilldependonsolarpowertooperate.NASAsaysthemissionexpectstosetarecordbecauseLucywilltravelfartherfromthesunthananypastsolarpoweredspacecraft.LoriGlazeisthedirectorofNASA’splanetarysciencedivision.Shesaid“WhateverLucyfindswillgiveusvitalcluesabouttheformationofoursolarsystem.”28.WhatisthemissionoftheLucyspacecraft?A.ToexplorethesurfaceofJupiter.B.TocollectsoilsamplesfromMars.C.Tofindouttheoriginofsolarsystem.D.TosearchforlifeonTrojanasteroids.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutTrojanasteroidsfromparagraph2?A.TheyallorbitintheAsteroidBelt.B.Theywerediscovered12yearsago.C.TheysharethesameorbitwithJupiter.D.Theyaretheoldestplanetsinsolarsystem.30.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheinspirationforthenameofLucy.B.ThesignificanceoftheLucyfossil.C.TheintroductiontotheLucymission.D.CathyOlkin’sstudyonhumanevolution.31.WhatdoweknowabouttheLucyspacecraft?A.Ithasalargespaceinside.B.Itispoweredbysustainableenergy.C.Itmovesfasterwithitslowerweight.D.Itgetsclosertothesunthanotherspacecraft.【答案】28.C29.C30.A31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了“露西”號(hào)宇宙飛船將于10月16日發(fā)射，旨在研究木星的特洛伊小行星?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Themission’saimistogathernewinformationaboutthesolarsystem’sformation4.5billionyearsago.(該任務(wù)的目的是收集關(guān)于45億年前太陽(yáng)系形成的新信息)”可知，Lucy太空飛船此次的任務(wù)是收集關(guān)于45億年前太陽(yáng)系形成的新信息。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThespacecraftwillalsoobservesevenTrojanasteroids.ScientistsconsidertheTrojanasteroidstobetheancientremainsoftheformationofthesolarsystem.TheyhavestayedcapturedinJupiter’sorbitforbillionsofyears.TheTrojanscirclethesunin1wogroups.OnegroupleadsJupiterinitsorbitalpath,whiletheotherfollowsbehindit.(該航天器還將觀測(cè)7顆特洛伊小行星。科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為特洛伊小行星是太陽(yáng)系形成的古代遺跡。它們?cè)谀拘擒壍郎媳徊东@了數(shù)十億年。特洛伊人分成兩組繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一組在木星的軌道上引領(lǐng)木星，而另一組緊隨其后)”可推斷，特洛伊小行星和木星擁有共同的軌道。故選C。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThespacecraftwasnamedLucyaftertheancientfossildiscoveredinEthiopiain1974.Lucywasoneofthemostfamousscientificfindsofthe20thcentury.Thecollectionofskeletalbonesgavescientistsabetterunderstandingoftheevolutionofhumans.CathyOlkin,thedeputyleadinvestigatorfortheLucymission,paredtheNASAspacecrafttotheLucyfossil.“JustliketheLucyfossiltransformedourunderstandingofhumanevolution,theLucymissionwilltransformourunderstandingofsolarsystemevolution.”shesaid.(這艘宇宙飛船以1974年在埃塞俄比亞發(fā)現(xiàn)的古化石“Lucy”命名。Lucy是20世紀(jì)最著名的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。骨骼的收集使科學(xué)家們更好地了解了人類的進(jìn)化?！癓ucy”號(hào)任務(wù)的副首席研究員CathyOlkin將美國(guó)宇航局的宇宙飛船與“Lucy”號(hào)化石進(jìn)行了比較?！熬拖馤ucy化石改變了我們對(duì)人類進(jìn)化的理解一樣，Lucy任務(wù)將改變我們對(duì)太陽(yáng)系進(jìn)化的理解。”她說。)”可知，第三段主要解釋了Lucy號(hào)宇宙飛船名字的由來——以1974年在埃塞俄比亞發(fā)現(xiàn)的古化石“Lucy”命名的。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Lucywilldependonsolarpowertooperate.(Lucy將依靠太陽(yáng)能來運(yùn)行。)”可知，Lucy號(hào)將依靠太陽(yáng)能來運(yùn)行，也就是說Lucy號(hào)是由可持續(xù)能源驅(qū)動(dòng)的。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題海小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Carnival,afestivalmarkedbymerrymakingandprocessions,iscelebratedthroughoutBrazil,butthebiggestpartyisinRiodeJaneiro.____32____Youmaywishtoparticipateinitwhenyouvisualizethousandsofpeopleincostumes,dancingtogether,followedbylights,musicalinstrumentsandsingingsongsaloudwiththehelpofacrowdofalmost100,000viewerssittingintheavenuestands.Buttheparade(游行)preparationsarenoteasy.____33____EverythingmustbedonebythetimetheparadeisheldinFebruary,summertimeinBrazil.Thesongcreationisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthecelebration.Thesambamusicisthelifeoftheparade.Agroupofmusiciansandwriterschoosesahistoricalthemeandtransformsitintoanupbeatpieceofmusic.____34____Itmustmakeitimpossibleforthosewhoarelisteningtostandstill.Inthesameway,thecostumesaddbeautyandcolortotheparade.____35____Satin,feathers,andmanyotherflashymaterialsareused.Thecostumesarechosenaccordingtothetheme.Mostparadegroupsallowtouriststoparticipate,buttheyalsomustwearthecostumes,whichcancostfrom$300tomorethan$1,400.Everyparadeparticipantcanchoosewhichpartofthegrouptheywanttobe,andthentheyplantheircostumesaccordingly.Putitalltogetherandaddthemostexcitedandhappypeople,anditiseasytoseewhytheparadeisthecenterpieceofthecarnival.Themixofculture,artandfunattractspeople.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?____36____A.Therhythmneedstobeinviting.B.Theyhelptoillustratethetheme.C.It’sdefinitelyanimpressiveevent.D.Theparadeisdividedinto14groups.E.Itrequiresmorethaneightmonthstoplan.F.Showtheworldwhatarichcultureyouhave.G.Startpracticingyoursambanowforthenextcarnival.【答案】32.C33.E34.A35.B36.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴西狂歡節(jié)的情況?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Youmaywishtoparticipateinitwhenyouvisualizethousandsofpeopleincostumes,dancingtogether,followedbylights,musicalinstrumentsandsingingsongsaloudwiththehelpofacrowdofalmost100,000viewerssittingintheavenuestands.(當(dāng)你想象成千上萬的人穿著盛裝，在燈光、樂器的幫助下，在近10萬名觀眾的幫助下，一起跳舞時(shí)，你可能會(huì)希望參與其中)”可知，后文的描述體現(xiàn)了活動(dòng)的盛大和令人印象深刻。故C選項(xiàng)“這絕對(duì)是一次令人印象深刻的活動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buttheparade(游行)preparationsarenoteasy.(但這次游行的準(zhǔn)備工作并不容易)”以及后文“EverythingmustbedonebythetimetheparadeisheldinFebruary,summertimeinBrazil.(所有的事情都必須在二月游行舉行之前完成，那是巴西的夏季)”可知，本句旨在說明活動(dòng)的不容易之處：需要八個(gè)多月的計(jì)劃。故E選項(xiàng)“這需要八個(gè)多月的計(jì)劃”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesongcreationisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthecelebration.Thesambamusicisthelifeoftheparade.Agroupofmusiciansandwriterschoosesahistoricalthemeandtransformsitintoanupbeatpieceofmusic.(歌曲創(chuàng)作是慶?；顒?dòng)中最重要的部分之一。桑巴舞音樂是游行的生命。一群音樂家和作家選擇了一個(gè)歷史主題，并將其轉(zhuǎn)換成一段歡快的音樂)”以及后文“Itmustmakeitimpossibleforthosewhoarelisteningtostandstill.(它必須使聽者不可能原地不動(dòng))”可知，后文提到音樂讓聽眾不可能原地不動(dòng)，說明音樂有吸引力。故A選項(xiàng)“節(jié)奏要有吸引力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。35題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inthesameway,thecostumesaddbeautyandcolortotheparade.(同樣，這些服裝也為游行增添了美麗和色彩)”可知，本句繼續(xù)說明服裝，B選項(xiàng)They指代上文costumes。故B選項(xiàng)“它們有助于闡明主題”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Putitalltogetherandaddthemostexcitedandhappypeople,anditiseasytoseewhytheparadeisthecenterpieceofthecarnival.Themixofculture,artandfunattractspeople.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?(把這一切放在一起，加上最興奮和快樂的人，很容易看出為什么游行是狂歡節(jié)的中心。文化、藝術(shù)和娛樂的融合吸引著人們。那么，你還在等什么？)”可知，上文的反問句說明作者鼓勵(lì)讀者去參加狂歡節(jié)，故G選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在開始練習(xí)你的桑巴舞，為下一個(gè)狂歡節(jié)做準(zhǔn)備”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文.從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Twentyyearsago,Idroveataxi.Onetime,Iwascalledatmidnighttopicksomeoneup.WhenIarrivedthebuildingwaspletelydark_____37_____onelightinawindow.Iwalkedtothedoorandknocked.Asmallwomaninhereightiesstoodbeforeme.Byhersidewasa____38____.Itookitandwewalkedslowlytothestreet.Shekeptthankingme.“It’snothing.ItrytotreatmypassengershowIwantmymother_____39_____”Whenwegotintothetaxi,shegavemethe_____40_____andthenaskedme1odrivethoughthedowntown.ButItoldheritwasnottheshortestway.“Oh.I’minnohurry.”shesaid.“I’monmywaytoahospice(臨終安養(yǎng)院).ThedoctorsaysIdon’thavemuchtime_____41_____.”Iquietly_____42_____themeter(計(jì)價(jià)器).Forhours,wedrovethroughthecity.Sheshowedmethebuildingwhereshehadonceworked,the_____43_____whereshehadlived.Sometimessheaskedmetojust_____44_____whileshesatstaringintothedarkness,sayingnothing.Asthesunwasingup,shesuddenlysaid,“I’mtired.Let’sgonow.”Wedrovein_____45_____tothehospice.AsI_____46_____,twonurseswerewaitingforus.Theyhelpedherintoawheelchair.“HowmuchdoI______47______you?”sheasked,reachingforherpurse.Isaidnothing,leaneddownandgavehera______48______.Shesaid.“Yougavemealittlemomentofjoy.Thankyou.”Isqueezedherhandandthenwalkedbacktomytaxi.Fortherestofthatday,Icould______49______talk.IbelieveIhaveneverdoneanythingmoreimportantinmylife.Weusuallythinkthatourlivesare______50______bygreatmoments.ButInowrealizethatgreatmomentscatchusbysurprise,becausetheyoftenseemquite______51______.37.A.with B.exceptfor C.insteadof D.inspiteof38.A.suitcase B.cat C.wheelchair D.purse39.A.cured B.cared C.treated D.fed40.A.address B.money C.map D.direction41.A.spent B.counted C.taken D.left42.A.turnedon B.turnedoff C.setup D.setdown43.A.school B.destination C.hospice D.neighborhood44.A.slowdown B.speedup C.setoff D.hurryup45.A.advance B.time C.excitement D.silence46.A.pulledup B.wentthrough C.walkedaway D.passedby47.A.owe B.love C.charge D.give48A.present B.smile C.hug D.promise49.A.hardly B.merrily C.loudly D.gently50.A.divided B.decorated C.declared D.defined51.A.grateful B.small C.painful D.inspiring【答案】37.B38.A39.C40.A41.D42.B43.D44.A45.D46.A47.A48.C49.A50.D51.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。我半夜接單送一位小婦人去臨終安養(yǎng)院。她要求我開慢一點(diǎn)，在這個(gè)城市中穿行。我默默關(guān)掉計(jì)價(jià)器，并在她下車時(shí)給了她擁抱。讓我明白了人生的重大時(shí)刻并不是由大事決定，往往是那些小事更讓你出乎意料?！?7題詳解】考查介詞（短語(yǔ)）辨析。句意：當(dāng)我到達(dá)時(shí)，除了窗戶里的一盞燈外，整棟樓一片漆黑。A.with和；B.exceptfor除……之外；C.insteadof而不是；D.inspiteof盡管。根據(jù)本句“thebuildingwaspletelydark”以及“onelightinawindow”可知，整棟樓一片漆黑，除了窗戶里的一盞燈。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她身邊放著一只手提箱。A.suitcase手提箱；B.cat貓；C.wheelchair輪椅；D.purse錢包。根據(jù)前文“Idroveataxi”可知，我是一個(gè)出租車司機(jī)，所以乘客坐車出行帶的應(yīng)是手提箱。故選A。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望別人怎樣對(duì)待我的母親，我就怎樣對(duì)待我的乘客。A.cured治愈；B.cared關(guān)心；C.treated對(duì)待；D.fed喂養(yǎng)。根據(jù)本句“treatmypassengers”可知，我對(duì)待乘客如此，是希望別人也這樣對(duì)待我的母親?！皌reat”為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們上了出租車，她給了我地址，然后讓我開車穿過市中心。A.address地址；B.money錢；C.map地圖；D.direction方向。根據(jù)本句“wegotintothetaxi”可知，上了車，乘客應(yīng)該告知司機(jī)地址。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生說我剩下的時(shí)間不多了。A.spent花費(fèi)；B.counted數(shù)數(shù)；C.taken帶著；D.left剩下。根據(jù)前文“I’monmywaytoahospice(臨終安養(yǎng)院)”可知，小婦人的地址是臨終安養(yǎng)院，所以所剩時(shí)日不多。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我悄悄地關(guān)掉了計(jì)價(jià)器。A.turnedon打開；B.turnedoff關(guān)上；C.setup創(chuàng)辦；D.setdown放下。根據(jù)下文““HowmuchdoI11you?”sheasked,reachingforherpurse.Isaidnothing,leaneddownandgavehera12.”可知，小婦人問多少錢時(shí)候，司機(jī)什么都沒說，給了她一個(gè)擁抱。所以，司機(jī)是關(guān)掉了計(jì)價(jià)器，沒收費(fèi)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她指給我看她曾經(jīng)工作過的那幢樓，她曾經(jīng)住過的那個(gè)社區(qū)。A.school學(xué)校；B.destination目的地；C.hospice臨終安養(yǎng)院；D.neighborhood社區(qū)。根據(jù)空后的定語(yǔ)從句“whereshehadlived”可知，是她曾經(jīng)住過的社區(qū)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有時(shí)她讓我放慢速度，而她坐在那里，凝視著黑暗，什么也不說。A.slowdown慢下來；B.speedup加速；C.setoff出發(fā)；D.hurryup快點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前文““Oh.I’minnohurry.”shesaid.”可知，小婦人不著急趕路，所以讓我慢下來。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在沉默中，我們開車去了臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院。A.advance先進(jìn)；B.time時(shí)間；C.excitement興奮；D.silence沉默。根據(jù)前文“shesuddenlysaid,“I’mtired.Let’sgonow.””可知，小婦人累了，不太愿意說話，所以在沉默中到了目地。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)我停車時(shí)，兩個(gè)護(hù)士正在等我們。A.pulledup停車；B.wentthrough經(jīng)歷；C.walkedaway走開；D.passedby路過。根據(jù)本句“twonurseswerewaitingforus”可知，兩個(gè)護(hù)士在等我們，說明我們到了并停好車。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我欠你多少錢?”她問道，伸手去拿錢包。A.owe欠；B.love愛；C.charge收費(fèi)；D.give給。根據(jù)前文“Forhours,wedrovethroughthecity.”可知，司機(jī)載著小婦人在城市中走了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，所以她問的話，應(yīng)為欠司機(jī)多少錢。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我什么也沒說，俯身給了她一個(gè)擁抱。A.present禮物；B.smile微笑；C.hug擁抱；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)前文“Iquietly6themeter(計(jì)價(jià)器)”可知，我出于同情，關(guān)掉計(jì)價(jià)器。所以當(dāng)她問價(jià)格時(shí)候，我只是給了她一個(gè)擁抱。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那天剩下的時(shí)間里，我?guī)缀跽f不出話來。A.hardly幾乎不；B.merrily愉快地；C.loudly大聲地；D.gently溫柔地。根據(jù)前文“Isaidnothing,leaneddownandgavehera12.Shesaid.“Yougavemealittlemomentofjoy.Thankyou.””可知，司機(jī)沒收費(fèi)，只是給她一個(gè)擁抱，但是小婦人卻很感激。這讓司機(jī)一天都幾乎不說話。故選A?！?0題詳