2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-16-跨文化溝通包容與合作課時(shí)提能練

2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時(shí)提能練2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時(shí)提能練PAGE2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時(shí)提能練2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)16跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時(shí)提能練年級(jí)：姓名：課時(shí)提能練(十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·合肥市教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries，buthowaboutthewesternworlditself？Surprisingly，acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile;theydoit，sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly，andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans，onthecontrary，prefertokeepamoreneutral(不帶感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood，orfeelamused;ifnot，aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral，orevendull.InRussia，forexample，thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious，orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative;smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay，andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully，consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward，evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions，andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen-minded，flexible，andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime，Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice，butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication，sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans，onthecontrary，aremorestraightforward，preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了西方國家的文化差異。1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture-relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.A[推理判斷題。作者在第二段中講到了美國人、歐洲人對(duì)微笑的不同解讀，據(jù)此可以推知，在西方國家笑是與文化有關(guān)的，故A項(xiàng)正確。]2．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，歐洲人通常坦誠地表達(dá)自己，故選D。A項(xiàng)意為“繞圈子，拐彎抹角地講話”。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.B[代詞指代題。畫線詞前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect，which，inmostcases，isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”與后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，又結(jié)合語境可推知，it指代的應(yīng)該是美國人的這種政治正確性，故選B。]4．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者通過分析美國人和歐洲人對(duì)微笑的不同解讀以及通常在交際中的不同表現(xiàn)來展開文章，因此可推知，作者是通過作比較展開文章的，故選B。]B(2020·惠州市調(diào)研考試)Being“young”isassociatedwithallthegoodthingsinlife—beauty，hope，andenergy.Butyouthalsohasnegativeassociations—impulsiveness，troublemaking，andirresponsibility.Thisnegativesideseemstobewhatsocietyfocusesonmore，whichiswhyyoungpeoplehavemostlybeenconsideredasidleanddifficult.ButwhenitcomestoGenerationZ—thosebornbetween1995and2010—thisstereotypedoesn'tseemtoapplyanymore.InJapan，forexample，GenZersarelesslikelytobuyonimpulse，buttakeintoconsiderationmoreaproduct'struevalue.“They'relookingatthecompanies，notjusttheproducts，”MasahikoUotani，CEOofJapanesecosmeticscompanyShiseido，toldBloomberg.“They'reasking，‘Aretheyreallydeliveringvaluetothesociety?Aretheypromotingdiversityandinclusiveness？’”GenZersarealsomoregroundedthanwe'veexpectedthemtobe.AccordingtoarecentsurveybyBankofAmerica，morethanhalfofyoungadultsagedbetween18and23saidtheywereplanningtobuyahousewithinfiveyears.Andthey'renotjustsayingit—theyarewillingtomakesacrificesforit，includinggettingasecondjobandsavingmoneyforadownpaymentinsteadofspendingitonavacation.“Despitetheiryoungage，thisgroupispragmaticandactivelyplanningfortheirfuture，”D．SteveBoland，headofConsumerLendingatBankofAmerica，toldUSAToday.“Theyhaveaclearvisionofhowtheyarewillingtohelpthemselvesinordertomakeithappen.”SocialissuesarealsoatthecenterofconcernofGenZers，whotakethemselvesasachangingforceoftheworld.InIndia，forexample，youngpeoplewhohavejustreachedthevotingageareeagertovoteforanewleaderwhoiscapableofsolvingproblemsthatmatterthemosttothem，includingpollution，unemploymentandwomen'ssafety.AsaGenZeryourself，whatisyourplanforthefuture?【語篇解讀】Z一代是指在1995年和2010年之間出生的人，這一代人在消費(fèi)方面比較理智。他們比我們想象中更理性、務(wù)實(shí)，他們對(duì)未來有清晰的設(shè)想，這顛覆了人們對(duì)年輕人的傳統(tǒng)看法。5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisstereotype”inParagraph2referto?A．Beingyoungisgood.B．GenZersarebornafter1995.C．Thetraditionalpoorimpressionsontheyouth.D．Theassociationswithyoungpeople.C[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句可知，社會(huì)更關(guān)注與年輕人相關(guān)的負(fù)面情況，通常，年輕人被認(rèn)為是懶散的和難相處的。結(jié)合畫線部分所在句可知，此處表述這種刻板印象不再適用于Z一代。故畫線部分指的是上文提到的人們對(duì)年輕人的傳統(tǒng)的、糟糕的印象，故選C。]6．Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A．GenZersinJapanarepickyB．GenZersareself-centeredC．GenZerscarelittleaboutproductsD．GenZersarewisewhenshoppingD[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“GenZersarelesslikelytobuyonimpulse...They'relookingatthecompanies，notjusttheproducts”可知，Z一代不太可能沖動(dòng)購物，他們會(huì)更多地考慮產(chǎn)品的真正價(jià)值，由此可推知，Z一代在購物時(shí)是明智的，故正確答案為D。A項(xiàng)意為“日本的Z一代很挑剔”，第三段是講述日本的Z一代在消費(fèi)中很理性，并無信息表明他們挑剔。]7．What'sD．SteveBoland'sattitudetotheGenZers?A．Approving. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Critical.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞D.SteveBoland定位到文章第五段，根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容可知，D.SteveBoland認(rèn)為盡管Z一代很年輕，但這代人務(wù)實(shí)且積極地規(guī)劃他們的未來，他們有清晰的設(shè)想并愿意努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)它；由此可推知，D.SteveBoland對(duì)于Z一代是持贊同的態(tài)度的，故正確答案為A。]8．WhichofthefollowingwordsmaybestdescribetheGenZers?A．Confidentandindependent.B．Visionaryandresponsible.C．Persistentanddown-to-earth.D．Activeandcreative.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段可知，Z一代會(huì)積極規(guī)劃他們的未來并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的設(shè)想，由此可知，他們是有遠(yuǎn)見的；又根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第一句“Socialissuesarealso...oftheworld”可知，社會(huì)問題也是Z一代關(guān)注的中心，并且他們認(rèn)為自己是改變世界的力量，由此可推知Z一代是有責(zé)任感的。故正確答案為B。C項(xiàng)意為“執(zhí)著且務(wù)實(shí)的”，文中體現(xiàn)了Z一代是務(wù)實(shí)的，但沒有相關(guān)信息表明他們是執(zhí)著的。]Ⅱ.完形填空Foryears,coupleshavededicated(把……專用于)asingle“ring”fingerofthelefthandtoromancewhenanyotherfingerwoulddo.Acasefortheleftside,thestrongside?1accordingtohistory.IntheMiddleAges,gettingcaughtwritingwithone'slefthandcouldearn2ofbeingabnormalandinSpain,left-handedpeoplemightevengetsevere3.Sowhydowe4aPast5wasn'tallbad.Theunionofmarriageandthenow-standardringplacementcanbe6backtosecond-centuryEgyptianswhofalselybelievedthat“acertainmostfragile7”beganinthefourthfingerofthelefthandandwentdirectlytotheheart.Centurieslater，theRomanscametoa(n)8conclusion.Buttheywereconvincedthata“l(fā)over'svein(靜脈)”—in9ofanerve—connectedthisfingerwiththeorganthat10blood.DuringtheRomanengagement(訂婚)process,arichmanwhocould11aringwouldputitonhisbride-to-be'sfourthfinger.Themodernworldmayhave12thatcustomfromtheRomans.Untiltheseventeenthcentury,Europeancouples13woretheirringsontherighthand.Butin1549,anEnglishreformerpublishedabook,whichinstructscouplestoabandonacenturies-old14byslippingtheirweddingringsoverthelefthand'sfourthfinger.Beforelong,couplesthroughoutthecontinent15.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了結(jié)婚戒指戴在左手無名指上這一做法的起源。1．A.Maybe B．IndeedC．Sure D．NotD[上文提到“多年來，夫婦們都是把象征愛情的戒指戴在左手無名指上，雖然其他任何手指也可以履行這一職責(zé)。難道是因?yàn)樽笫质歉玫哪侵皇謫幔俊?，根?jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)表示“歷史上可不是這樣說的”。故用Not。]2．A.accusations B．debatesC．discriminations D．a(chǎn)nxietiesA[在中世紀(jì)，被發(fā)現(xiàn)用左手寫字會(huì)面臨行為失常的指控(accusations)。]3．A.blame B．hateC．punishment D．disapprovalC[在西班牙，慣用左手的人甚至很可能受到嚴(yán)懲(punishment)。句中的even暗示此處應(yīng)比前一種情況更嚴(yán)重。]4．A.justify B．a(chǎn)rrangeC．reward D．favorD[那么我們?yōu)槭裁催x擇(favor)左手的一根手指來象征永恒的愛呢？]5．A.belief B．behaviorC．history D．experienceA[根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示“過去的看法也不全都是不好的”。故選belief“看法，信念”。]6．A.put B．tracedC．rooted D．heldB[婚姻和現(xiàn)行的戒指佩戴位置的結(jié)合可以追溯到2世紀(jì)的埃及人身上。trace...backto...“追溯……到……”。]7．A.organ B．fingerC．soul D．nerveD[當(dāng)時(shí)埃及人誤以為“某個(gè)最脆弱的神經(jīng)”從左手第四根手指開始，一直延伸到心臟。下文中的“in________ofanerve”是提示。]8．A.contrary B．a(chǎn)ccurateC．similar D．mistakenC[幾世紀(jì)后，羅馬人也得出了相似的(similar)結(jié)論，但是羅馬人認(rèn)為把左手無名指和輸送血液的器官連接起來的不是神經(jīng)，而是“愛人的靜脈”。]9．A.place B．consequenceC．view D．a(chǎn)dvanceA[參見上題解析。]10．A.purifies B．producesC．a(chǎn)bsorbs D．pumpsD[此處表示“輸送血液的器官”，即上文提到的“theheart”，故用pump表示“用泵(或泵樣器官等)輸送”。]11．A.possess B．a(chǎn)ffordC．make D．valueB[根據(jù)前面的“rich”可知，此處應(yīng)是表示“買得起戒指的富人”，故用afford。]12．A.promoted B．a(chǎn)doptedC．based D．developedB[現(xiàn)代社會(huì)可能從羅馬人那里承襲(adopted)了這種風(fēng)俗。]13．A.normally B．ridiculouslyC．politely D．romanticallyA[一直到17世紀(jì)，歐洲夫婦通常(normally)都將戒指戴在右手上。ridiculously“荒謬地”；politely“有禮貌地”；romantically“浪漫地”。]14．A.restriction B．habitC．practice D．feelingC[這本書指導(dǎo)夫婦們拋棄這種悠久的做法(practice)，鼓勵(lì)他們把結(jié)婚戒指戴在左手無名指上。]15．A.tookthelead B．cutadealC．pouredinto D．followedsuitD[不久，全歐洲的夫婦們都仿效了這種做法。followsuit“仿效”，符合語境。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2020·太原市模擬)Cultureconflictscanoccuranytimeyoutravel，buteveryonceinawhiletheyhappeninsometrulyunexpectedways.Fromshoppingwithmanycoinsto1.________(light)upacigaretteoutdoors，thesearestrangeandembarrassingtravelmistakes2.________(travel)woulddotheirbesttoavoid.Forexample，3.________isillegaltofeedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco.Thecity4.________(know)fortheGoldenGateBridgeblamesthecommonbirdsforspreadingdiseaseanddamagingproperty.Anyone5.________iscaughtprovidingfoodforSanFrancisco'spigeonscouldfaceaheavyfine.Moreover，citizens6.________(encourage)toreportpigeonfeederstothecity'spolicedepartment.Foranotherexample，you'dbetterthinktwicebeforeyousmokeinSingapore.Singaporehasthe7.________(serious)smokingpenalty(處罰)intheworld.Smokinginpublicwillearnatoughfine.More8.________(surprise)，ifyou'reshoppinginCanada，don'texpectcashiers9.________(accept)manycoinsasyoursolemethodofpayment.AccordingtoCanada'sCurrencyAct，storescanlegallyrefuseexcessiveamounts10.________coins.Withpennies,forexample，customerspaymentsmayberejectediftheytrytousemorethan25one-centcoinsatatime.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了旅游當(dāng)中游客可能會(huì)面臨的一些文化沖突。比如，舊金山禁止游客在街頭喂鴿子，新加坡重罰在公共場所抽煙者，而加拿大則可以拒收大量硬幣。1．lighting[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作介詞to的賓語，需要用動(dòng)名詞形式；另外，結(jié)合from...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中from后面動(dòng)詞的形式也可以判斷，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，所以填lighting。]2．travel(l)ers[考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是一個(gè)定語從句，空處考查定語從句的主語，應(yīng)該用名詞；travel(l)er是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，再結(jié)合空后面的dotheirbest可知，空處應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，所以填travel(l)ers。]3．it[考查代詞。此處應(yīng)用it作形式主語，真正的主語為“tofeedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco”，所以填it。]4．known[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句謂語為blames，空處作非謂語，邏輯主語為名詞city，兩者之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，作后置定語，所以填known。]5．who[考查關(guān)系詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且在從句中作主語，修飾代詞Anyone，所以填who。]6．a(chǎn)reencouraged[考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作句子的謂語，結(jié)合整篇文章時(shí)態(tài)可知，空處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；市民被鼓勵(lì)向市警察局舉報(bào)喂鴿子的人，因此需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；主語citizens為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填areencouraged。]7．mostserious[考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)句意“新加坡是世界上對(duì)抽煙處罰最嚴(yán)重的國家”可知，空處需要填形容詞最高級(jí)，所以填mostserious。]8．surprisingly[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，所以填surprisingly。]9．toaccept[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。expectsb.todosth.為固定表達(dá)，意為“期待某人做某事”，所以填toaccept。]10．of[考查介詞。amountsof為固定表達(dá)，意為“大量的”，所以填of。]Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作(2021·新高考八省聯(lián)考卷)假定你是李華，準(zhǔn)備參加學(xué)校組織的英文詩朗誦比賽。請給外教George寫封郵件求助，內(nèi)容包括：1．說明比賽要求；2．請他推薦英文詩；3．請教朗誦技巧。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。DearGeorge，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【參考范文】DearGeorge，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.OurschoolwillholdanEnglishPoetryReadingContestnextweekend.Iameagertohaveatry.Itisrequiredthatthethemeshouldbeaboutnature.Eachcontestantisgivenuptofiveminutestoreadthepoem.Sowouldyoupleasebesokindtogivemesomerecommendationsonwhichpoemtochoose?Besides,whatIneedaretheskillsofrecitation,includingpronunciationandintonation,whichwillperfectmyperformance.I'dappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeguidance.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，Li_HuaⅤ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2020·廣州市階段訓(xùn)練)MysisterJeanneandIwerebornonly14monthsapart，andweoncesharedmanyhappymoments.ShelikedtellingjokestomeandIwouldlaughheartily.Shealwayssaidshelovedmylaughteranditwasthemostimpressivesoundforher.Butbythetimewewereteenagerswehadyearswithoutspeakingandlosttouchduetofamilybreaking.Byage19，IhadmovedawayfromourhomeinWisconsintoliveonmyfather'shorsefarminVirginia.Jeannegotmarriedat20，movedtoChicago，andbecame—well，Ididn'tknowwhat.Welivedseparatelivesinseparatestates，andourconnectionsomehowended.Fast-forwardaboutfiveyears.Iwas24andonatripwithmybestfriendtoNewYorkCity，aplaceIhadneverbeento.Itwassodifferentfrommyhometown.IwasusedtoridingmyhorsetothecornerstorewhereeveryonekneweveryoneandeverythingwentoninthequietlittlecowboytownofDriver，Virginia.WewenttoNewYorktovisitmyfriend'scousinandseethesights.WewenttoLittleItaly,theStatueofLiberty，Chinatown,andseveralManhattanclubs.Ihadneverseensomanytaxisinonespotinallmylife.Duringadayofsightseeing，wewerecrossingaverybusystreetloadedwithpeople.Everyonewasinahurry.Iwaslaughingatsomethingmyfriendjustsaid，andthenIsuddenlyheardmynameyelledfromsomewherebehindme：“Cheryl！”Thevoicewassofamiliar.Ifrozeinmystepsinthemiddleoftheroad.Tearswelledupspontaneously(不