專題19 非謂語動(dòng)詞（三）-中考英語語法單項(xiàng)選擇題專項(xiàng)突破（解析版）

考點(diǎn)七.非謂語動(dòng)詞用于一些短語及特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.非謂語動(dòng)詞用于一些短語有些結(jié)構(gòu)要求用不定式，有些結(jié)構(gòu)要求用動(dòng)名詞。1）只能用帶to的不定式的短語有：do/tryone’sbest,makeupone’smind,should/wouldlike/love,beused(用于做…),prefer…ratherthan（不帶to）,besaid/supposed/reported等。2）只能用不帶to的不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)有：wouldrather,hadbetter,whynot,doanything/everything/nothingbut等。3）只能用動(dòng)名詞的短語有：bebusy/through/worth,beused/accustomedto(習(xí)慣于…),lookforwardto,devote…to,getdownto,turnto,feellike,giveup,can’thelp,what/howabout,prefer…to…,havedifficulty/trouble/problem/fun/agood/hardtime,spendtime/money(in)等。1.—WhatdidyoudolastSundaymorning?(營(yíng)口)—Itwohoursbooks.A.took;toreadB.spend;toreadC.spent;readingD.take:read【答案】C2.MyfavoriteTVprogramis“Readers”.Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecan _______inoursparetime.(哈爾濱)A.read B.toread C.reading【答案】C【解析】句意：我最喜歡的節(jié)目是《朗讀者》。我想我們應(yīng)多花些業(yè)余時(shí)間來看書。spendtime(in)doingsth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。3.—Howdoesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?(銅仁)—Heusedtoabusbutnowheisusedto.A.take;walk B.taking;walkingC.talking;walkD.take;walking【答案】D【解析】句意：我爸爸以前經(jīng)常坐公交車上班，但是現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣走路去上班了。usedtodo表示“過去常常做某事（而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了）”，beusedtodoing表示“習(xí)慣于做某事”。故選D。4.Dianausedto______towork,butnowsheisusedto______becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.(泰州)A.drive;walking B.drive;walk C.driving;walk D.driving;walking【答案】A【解析】句意：狄安娜過去常開車上班，但現(xiàn)在她習(xí)慣步行了，因?yàn)榈缆泛軗頂D，她也想保持身體健康。usedto后跟動(dòng)詞原形，表示“過去經(jīng)常做某事”；beusedto后跟動(dòng)名詞，表示“習(xí)慣做某事”。5.Weusedto_________intheevening,butnowweareusedto_________earlyinthemorning.(新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán))A.exercise;exercise B.exercise;exercisingC.exercised;exercise D.exercising;exercise【答案】B【解析】句意：我們過去常在晚上鍛煉，但現(xiàn)在我們喜歡在早上鍛煉。usedtodosth.意為“過去常常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”。故選B。6.—Doyouprefer________basketballwithme?(達(dá)州)一No,I’drather_________athomeandwatchTV.A.play,stay B.toplay,tostayC.play,tostay D.toplay,stay【答案】D【解析】prefertodosth.意為“樂意做某事”；wouldratherdosth.意為“寧愿做某事”。故選D。學(xué)科*網(wǎng)7.Whenitrains,I______stayathomeratherthangoout.（青海）A.liketo B.wouldrather C.preferto【答案】C【解析】句意：當(dāng)天氣下雨時(shí)，我寧愿待在家里，也不愿意外出。prefertodo…ratherthando…是固定句型，意為“寧愿……，也不愿……”。8.Ilookforwardyousoon.(白銀)A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.toseeing【答案】D9.Itisrainingoutside.Whynot________anumbrella?(齊齊哈爾)A.totake B.take C.taking【答案】B【解析】句意：外面正在下雨。為什么不拿把雨傘呢？Whynot后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示提出建議。10.—Excuseme!Isthereasupermarketnearhere?(廣安)—Sorry,I’mnewheretoo.Whynot_______theoldladyoverthere?A.askingB.askC.asksD.toask【答案】B【解析】句意：——打擾了！這附近有超市嗎？——真抱歉，我也是新來的。為什么不問問那邊那個(gè)老太太？Whynotdosth.?意為“為什么不做某事？”，是固定句式。11.—Whydoesn’tthesurgeonstop_____lunch?(常州)—Becauseheistoobusy_____adyingpatientintheoperationroom.A.tohave;tosave B.having;tosaveC.tohave;saving D.having;saving【答案】C【解析】句意：——為什么這名外科醫(yī)生不停下來吃午飯？——因?yàn)樗谑中g(shù)室拼命忙著挽救一位瀕危病人。stoptodosth是“停下來（去做）某事”；“忙于做某事”用bebusydoing。12.Theworkersarebusy________windowstothenewbuildingthesedays.(上海)A)fixB)fixedC)fixingD)tofix【答案】C【解析】句意：這些天工人們正忙著給新樓安窗戶。bebusydoingsth.意為“忙于做某事”，是固定搭配。故選C。13.Theresearchhedevoteshimselfto_____thefarmershaveabetterharvestisveryimportant.(淮安)A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helped【答案】A【解析】句意：他致力于幫助農(nóng)民們擁有更好的豐收的研究非常重要。動(dòng)詞短語devoteoneselfto中的to是介詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞。14.XuYuanchong,a96-year-oldman,devotesmostofhislifetimetoworksofliterature.(鎮(zhèn)江)A.translate B.translates C.translating D.translated【答案】C【解析】句意：許淵沖，一位96歲的老人，將其一生獻(xiàn)給了文學(xué)著作的翻譯事業(yè)。devote…todoingsth.意為“把時(shí)間(錢、精力等)獻(xiàn)給……，致力于……”，to是介詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞。15.—ShallwestayathomewatchingTVtonight?—No,I’dlike_______andseeamovie.A.GoB.togoC.goingD.went【答案】B【解析】wouldliketodosth.表示“愿意做某事”。2.非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式及其復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1）非謂語動(dòng)詞的否定式都是在其前加not等否定詞。2）不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由“for/ofsb.todosth.”構(gòu)成，主要用于“it’s+adj+of/forsbtodosth”句型。在這個(gè)句型中，如果形容詞是kind,polite,rude,careful,careless,cruel等說明人的品格，則介詞用of；如果是easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,dangerous,cheap,expensive,convenient,useful等說明不定式動(dòng)作的，則介詞用for。1.You’dbetter_______toomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.(白銀)spendnotB.tonotspendC.notspendD.notspending【答案】C【解析】句意：你最好不要花太多的時(shí)間打電腦游戲。Hadbetter后接不帶to的不定式，即hadbetterdosth，其否定式是hadbetternotdosth。2.It’snecessaryforyou______theclassroomclean,class.(益陽(yáng))A.keepB.keepingC.tokeep【答案】C【解析】句意：同學(xué)們，對(duì)你們來說保持教室的整潔是很有必要的。forsb.todosth.是不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。3.—Wasitnecessary______John______somephotosbeforetheoldman?(泰州)—Ithinkso.Inthisway,hecouldprotecthimselflater.A.of;taking B.for;taking C.of;totake D.for;totake【答案】D4.Nowadays,it'sconvenientandcheapforus____ashared-bicycle.(昆明)A.ride B.toride C.flying D.tofly【答案】B【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在，騎共享自行車是一件方便而便宜的事情。forsbtodosth是不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在此作主語。5.Ithinkit’susefulforyouasecondlanguage.A.learn B.tolearn C.learning D.tolearning【答案】B【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為再學(xué)一門語言是有用的。It’sadj.forsb.todosth.為固定句型，意為“某人做某事是……的”。故選B。3.其他特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1）ittakessbsometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。2）itistime(forsb)todosth.該（某人）做某事了。3）itisbettertodosth.最后做某事。4）Can/Could/Do/Didyoudo…?這是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句形式，即“助動(dòng)車+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他”。1.—Ittakesmehalfanhour________playingthepiano.Howaboutyou?(齊齊哈爾)—Iusuallyspend20minutes_________it.A.practicing,on B.topractice,in C.topractice,on【答案】C2.Couldyouplease_____TVnow?I'mstudyingformytest.(重慶渝北)A.notwatchB.nottowatchC.don'twatchD.can'twatch【答案】A【解析】句意：請(qǐng)你不要看電視好嗎？我正在為我的測(cè)試學(xué)習(xí)?！癈ouldyoupleasenotdosth.?”表示“請(qǐng)不要做……，好嗎？”，是固定句式。故選A。3.It’stimeforme____goodbyetomymotherschool.Iwillneverforgetallmy____love.(龍東)A.tosay;teachers’ B.saying;teachers’ C.tosay;teacher’s【答案】A【解析】句意：對(duì)我來說該對(duì)我的母校說再見了，我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記所有老師們的愛。第一個(gè)空格為It’stimeforsb.todosth.句型；第二個(gè)空應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格作定語，故選A。鞏固練習(xí)：1.Samusedto________gamesforfun,butnowhewantstodo______.(眉山)A.play;somethingelseB.playing;somethingelseC.play;elsesomethingD.playing;elsesomething2.—HaveyouseentheTVplayMyUglyMother?—Yes,it’swellworth_______.It’ssomovingthatIhaveseenittwice.seenB.seeingC.toseeD.beingseen3.Dick______inAmerica,buthehasbeenChinesefoodsincehemovedtoChina.(阜康)A.usedtolive;usedtoeatingB.isusedtolive;usedtoeatC.isusedtolive;usedtoeatingD.usedtoliving;usedtoeat4.—I’mverytiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingfortheexam.—Whynot_______music.listenB.listeningtoC.tolistentoD.listento5.—Mario,yourmobilephoneisringing.(南充)—Waitaminute.It’sdangerousforus_______itwhilecrossingthestreet.A.answering B.toanswer C.answer D.answered6.—Howdoesyourbrothergotoschool?（丹東）—He________rideabike,butnowhe_________theretokeepfit.A.usedto;isusedtowalk B.usedto:isusedtowalkingC.wasusedto;isusedtowalking D.usedto;isusedtowalking7.Hereyesightissopoorthatshehastrouble________.A.walkB.towalkC.walkingD.walks8.Lydiadoesn’tfeellike______abroad.Herparentsareold.(2011四川)A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy9.Itisn'teasyfor