2023.06英語四級真題第2套

2023202362套PAGE1NUMPAGES82023年6月英語四級真題第2PartI (30Directions:Supposethestudentunionofyouruniversityisorganizinganonlinediscussiononinterpersonalrelationships.Youaretowriteanessayonwaystomaintainawarmandfriendlyrelationshipwithyourclassmatesandonthebenefitsofsucharelationship.Youwillhave30minutesforthetask.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListening (25SectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustA)Amanwasbittenbya C)Amankepta4-footsnakeasaAmanwastakentoa D)AmanfelloffhistoiletA)Wherethesnakehadbeen C)HowthesnakewasWhetherthesnakewas D)WhoownedtheQuestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustA)Takinghertrashoutinfancy C)SharingherphotoswithfamousmovieAmusingherselfbygoingtoball D)Postingherdaughter'sphotosonsocialA)Tomakeherself C)TopleaseherToamuse D)TorecordherQuestions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustA)Eatasmuchastheywantfor C)HaveamealeveniftheyhavenoHaveachanceofwinninga$100 D)GetafreemealafteransweringsomeA)Itwasbroughtupbytwo C)ItoriginatedfromadonationtoherIthelpedtopopularizeher D)ItwassuggestedbysomeofherA)Fiftycustomershaveoffered C)ManypeoplehavecometoeatattheMorepeoplehavebeengivingthantaking.D)MoststaffershavereceivedmessagesofSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Heisa C)HeisahostforaTVHeisafamous D)HeisaprimaryschoolA)WhysocialmediaaccountsvanishwithoutaWhyparentsraisetheirchildrenindifferentWhypeoplefailtorespondtoemailsWhyfriendsbreakoffcontactallofaA)Theysimplyshutthemselves C)TheyscreamtogettheirparentsTheyavoidshowingtheir D)TheyattempttoignorethewholeA)TheymayregardanydifferenceastheendofaTheyareonbettertermswithfriendsandromanticTheytrytoexpresstheirfeelingsandthoughtsTheyattachmorevaluetotheirrelationshipswithQuestions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustA)Their C)TheirTheir D)TheirA)JeansareatypicalAmericanB).Americamakesthebest-knownbrandsofAmericahasthebestweavingtoolsintheJeansareavailableinagreatervarietyinA)Theyare C)TheyareTheyare D)TheyareA)Theyareforcasual C)TheyaremuchtooTheyarepopularwith D)TheyareworththeSectionDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassagesandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Hedesiresmorein C)HefeelsasinspiredasotheraudienceHewantstoseeit D)HelongstobecomeasuperstarA)Itisrather C)ItissomewhatItisextremely D)ItisrelativelyA)Theyarebiasedagainst C)TheyarefullofTheyarebasically D)TheyaretooQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)Itcanhighlight C)ItisameanstoinspirecreativeItcanhelpconnect D)ItisanintuitivewaytosolidifyA)Allowthemtorecitedata C)EnablethemtorememberthemainMakethemmoreopento D)StimulatethemtoengageinA)Inspirelisteners' C)ConveyfundamentalEnrichtheirown D)ExplaininsightfulQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustA)ImmigrantsoutnumberU.S.-bornImmigrantshavebeencontributingtotheAnotherwaveofimmigrantsishittingtheThenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.isA)MoreofthemexpecttheirchildrentosucceedinTheyhavefewerchancestobehiredbyU.S.TheyhavefoundedmostFortune500MoreofthemaresuccessfulbusinessA)Theyhavehigherinstallmentloandebtthannative-bornNineteenpercentofthemborrowmoneyfromfriendsandTheirlevelofdebtislowerthanthatofnative-bornThirty-fourpercentofthemusecreditfortheirdailyA)Keeptheirtraditionalvaluesandoldhabits.C)BorrowmoneyfromfinancialFindemploymentincompetitive D)Collaboratewithnative-bornPartIIIReading (40SectionDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Moroccoisrespondingtoincreasingenergydemandsbysettinguponeofthelargestsolarplantsintheworld.TheNoorsolarpowerstationis26inthecityofOuarzazateand,oncecompleted,willgenerate580millionwattsofelectricity.TheWorldBankestimatesitwillserve1.1millionpeople.27tobecompletedMorocco'scurrentenergycomes28fromimports.Thenationhopestoget50percentofitsenergyfromrenewablesourcesby2030.Withdemandforenergy29atanannualrateof7percent,thenewsolarplantcouldbea30partofthatgoal."ThismakesMoroccoabig31inthefieldofsolarenergyintheArabregionandtheAfricancontinent.Itcouldalsobeaforerunnerformanyothercountriesintheworldthat32onforeignimportsofenergy,"saidAliHajji,asolarenergyspecialistandengineeringprofessor.ExpertsbelievethattheMiddleEastandNorthAfricahavehuge forsolarenergyprojects.Thisispartlybecauseofadequatesunlightandpartlybecausetechnologyhasbecome intheSectionDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymakingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.NewFormulaOneChiefHopestoGrabAmericans'Forthepastfourdecades,theleaderofFormulaOnecarracing,oneofthebiggestannualsportingseriesintheworld,wasBernieEcclestone,aformermotorcyclepartsdealerwhobuiltitintoaninternationalpresenceessentiallyonhisown.Askilledbackroomoperatorwhospeakswithoutafilter,Ecclestonesaidoftenthatinhisopinion,thesportwasatitsbestwhenhewasallowedtoactas"adictator.”Yetnowthedictatorisgone.AfteranAmericancompany,LibertyMedia,acquiredtheFormulaOnecompetitionrecently,ChaseCarey—aformerexecutivewithFoxBroadcastingCompanyandDirecTVwhobyhisownadmissionisnotafierceracingfan—wasnamedtoreplaceEcclestoneandtotrytorenovatetheorganization'smanagement,reachandambition.Amongthegoals,CareysaidinaninterviewonTuesday,isonethatjustabouteveryglobalsportseemsinterestedinchasing:increasinginterestintheUnitedStates."Peoplehavesaidwe'regoingto"Americanize'it,"Careysaid."Andwe'renotgoingtodothattotally.Butrealistically,therearesomeelementsofAmericanizationthatthesportcoulduse."WhileFormulaOnecommandsenormousaudiencesthroughoutmuchoftheworld,manyAmericansportsfansknowitasthatothermotorsport,theonethatisnotNascar納斯卡車賽FormulaOneteamsracefarmoretechnologicallyadvancedvehiclesaroundtracksallovertheworld-inmagnificenteventsinplaceslikeMalaysia,Monaco,SingaporeandtheUnitedArabEmirates,andontradition-richtrackslikeSilverstoneinEnglandandMonzainItalytoo.TheserieshasanannualraceinAustin,Texas.Butwithin"afewyears,"Careysaid,heplanstobringanothertoadestinationAmericancity,likeNewYork,LosAngeles,MiamiorLasVegas.Carey'sambitiousplanistwo-fold:first,changethebusinessmodelofFormulaOne,whichhesaidwasa"one-manshow"underEcclestonethathadalargelynarrowvisionwhenitcametonegotiatingpartnershipdeals;andsecond,alterthewayfansexperiencethesport,bothinpersonandremotely,sothatconnectionsbetweentheaudienceandpeoplewithintheseriesareeasiertomake.Increaseddigitalaccessforfans,amorebehind-the-scenesexperienceforbroadcastviewersandinnovationinareaslikevirtualreality-whatisitliketospeedaroundatrackinsideaFerrari?-areamongthepossibilities."Thesporthasclearlybeenunderserved,"Careysaid."Itdoesn'tdoanythingdigitally.There'snomarketing.Itdoesn'ttellanystories.Thegoalinthisistomakethefansconnecttotheliveexperienceasmuchaspossible,andthetoolsyouhavetodothat,we'renotusingatall."Thelargerquestion,though,isafamiliarone:IsthereroomforFormulaOneintheever-crowdedsportslandscapeoftheUnitedStates?Opinionsvary,particularlybecauseviewinghabitsamongconsumerscontinuetoevolve.JohnBloom,aprofessoratShippensburgUniversitywhohasstudiedAmericansportshistory,saidthebiggestchallengeforanysporttryingtoincreaseitspresenceintheUnitedStateswasframingitselfinawaythathadlastingappeal."Sportsgenerallybecomepopularinsomewaybecausetheyestablishanarrative,"Bloomsaid."WhenIthinkofmotorsportsintheU.S.,whatweallthinkofisNascar,andthenarrativeofNascarissortofrural,white,working-classAmericans,mostlyintheSouth,connectingwiththeatmosphereofthoseraces.That'sthenarrative.WhenIthinkofthenarrativeofFormulaOne,it'saverydifferentkindofaudience."Thatdifference,Careysaid,issignificant.WhilesomemightimmediatelylinkFormulaOnetoNascarintermsofAmericangrowth,CareysaidFormulaOne'sbrandresearchhadindicatedtherewasverylittlecrossover;rather,FormulaOnefansgenerallyciteotherso-calledeliteevents,likeWimbledonortheRyderCup,ascompetitionstheyenjoy."Otherthanthey'rebothcars,theNascarfanbaseisaverydifferentfanbase,"Careysaid."It'saveryregionalfanbase.FormulaOneisaglobal,famousbrandofstars.Thesearemachinesthatshockandaweyou."Carey'sbackgroundisindealmakingandinnovation.AtFoxBroadcastingCompany,hewasatopadvisorforyears,knownforhisskillinhelpingtoleadthelaunchofthecompanyintosports,aswellasthestartofFoxNewsChannel.AftergoingtoDirecTV,hepositionedthesatelliteproviderasamainstreamoptioninmillionsofhouseholds.Now,afterLibertyMediapaid$4.4billiontoacquireFormulaOne,heischargedwithmakingtheinvestmentpayoff."IthinktheycanbuildFormulaOneintheU.S.,"saidPatrickCrakes,anexecutiveatInVivoMediaGroupwhospent25yearsatFoxBroadcastingCompanybeforeleavingin2016asaseniormanageratFoxSports."Peopledon'tworkontheircarsanymore.Theydon'twantthatconnectionanymore.It'sabouttechnologyandpushingthelimits.It'saboutspeed,dangerandrisk.AndFormulaOnehasthatmorethananyotherracingseries."ThatiswhathookedCarey,andhesaidhethoughthisexperiencewasnotunusual.HerecalledattendingFormulaOne'sMonacoracelastyearandbeingoverwhelmedbytheceremonyleadinguptotheevent,thewaytheracecharmedthecityfordaysaheadofthestart.Inhismind,itfeltlikeaSuperBowl（超Then,onraceday,hewatchedasthecarsrocketedoutofatunnelandwentscreamingtowardatightwiththecity'sharborandtheMediterraneanSeainthebackgroundframingthescene.Hewasfascinated."Youcan'thelpbutbeawed,"hesaid,"andIthinkthatfeelingcanbetranslatedtotheviewer."Headded:"Thebroadersportisalittletooinward-looking,andweneedtobemoreopen.Insomeways,I'mgladtobecomingfromtheoutside.Theguyswhoareinthesportforeveraresittingtheresaying:'Wecan'tdothat.Wecan'tdothatbecauseit'sneverbeendonethatway.""ChaseCareybelievesgreateruseshouldbemadeofdigitaltechnologytomakeFormulaOnemoreaccessibletoitsfans.ChaseCareywasdeeplyimpressedbytheceremonyprecedinglastyear'sMonacoOneofChaseCarey'sgoalsistomakeFormulaOnemoreappealingtoAformermotorbikepartsdealerledFormulaOneforthepastfortyChaseCareythoughttheaudienceofFormulaOnecouldbemadetosharehisfeelingabouttheChaseCareyusedtoserveasatopadvisorforamajorbroadcastingChaseCareyintendstomakeconnectionseasierbetweentheaudienceandtheFormulaOneThenewleaderofFormulaOneadmittedhewasnotsuperinterestedincarPeople'sopinionsdifferastowhetherFormulaOnecanbepromotedintheComparedwithotherracingseries,FormulaOnefocusesmoreonspeedandinvolvesmoreSectionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingSupermarketshavelongbeensufferingasoneofthethinnest-marginedbusinessesinexistenceandoneoftheleast-looked-forward-toplacestoworkorvisit.Formorethanadecade,theyhavebeenunderattackfrome-commercegiants,blamedformakingAmericansfat,andaccusedofcontributingtoclimatechange.Supermarketscantechnicallybedefinedasgiantshousing15,000to60,000differentproducts.Therevolutionaryideaofaself-servicegrocery,wherepeoplecouldhuntandgatherfoodfromaislesratherthanaskingaclerktofetchitemsfrombehindacounter,firstcameaboutinAmerica.Thereissomedebateaboutwhichwastheveryfirst,butovertheyearsaconsensushasbuiltaroundKingKullenSupermarket,foundedinNewYorkin1930.Forsome300years,Americanshadfedthemselvesfromsmallstoresandpublicmarkets.Shoppingforfoodinvolvedmud,noisychickens,cloudsofflies,nastysmells,bargaining,andgettingshort-changed.ThesupermarketimitatedtheFordistfactory,withitsemphasisonefficiencyandstandardization,andreimagineditasaplacetobuyfood.Supermarketsmaynotfeelcutting-edgenow,buttheywerearevolutionindistributionatthetime.Theyweresuchstrangemarvelsthat,onherfirstofficialstatevisittotheUnitedStatesin1957,QueenElizabethIIinsistedonanimpromptu即興的)tourofasuburban-MarylandGiantThetypicalsupermarketlayouthasbarelychangedoverthepast90years.Moststoresopenwithflowers,fruitandvegetablesatthefrontasabreathoffreshnesstoarouseourappetite.Meanwhile,theykeepthemilk,eggs,andotherdailybasicsallthewaybacksoyou'lltravelthroughasmuchofthestoreaspossible,andbetemptedalongtheway.Intheearlydays,asthesupermarketmultiplied,sodidoursuspicionofit.Wehavelongfearedthatthis"revolutionindistribution"usescorporateblackmagiconourappetite.ThebookTheHiddenPersuaders,publishedin1957,warnedthatsupermarketswereputtingwomenina"hypnoidaltrance(催眠恍惚狀態(tài)),"causingthemtowanderaislesbumpingintoboxesand"pickingthingsoffshelvesatrandom."WhatproblemhavesupermarketsbeenTheyareactuallyonthewaytoC)Theyareforcedtousee-commerceTheyhavebeenlosingcustomersandD)TheyhavedifficultyadaptingtoclimateWhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheideaofaself-serviceItwasputforwardbyKing C)IthasbeenunderconstantItoriginatedintheUnited D)ItprovesrevolutionaryevenWhatdidsupermarketsdobyadoptingtheFordistfactoryTheymodernizedtraditionalgroceriesinmanyTheyintroducedcutting-edgelayoutoftheirTheyimprovedthequalityofthefoodtheyTheyrevolutionizedthedistributionofWhatisthetypicalsupermarketlayoutintendedtoArousecustomers'appetitetobuyflowers,fruitandProvidecustomerseasyaccesstoitemstheywanttoInducecustomerstomakemoreunplannedEnablecustomerstohaveamoreenjoyableshoppingWhathavepeoplelongfearedaboutTheyusetrickystrategiestopromotetheirTheyaregoingtoreplacethelocalgroceriesTheyapplycorporateblackmagictothegoodsonTheytakeadvantageoftheweaknessesofwomenPassageQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingThetraditionalschoolyear,withthreemonthsofvacationeverysummer,wasfirstimplementedwhenAmericawasanagriculturalsocietyandthesummermonthswereneededforfarmwork.Sincethen,we'vecompletelychangedasanation.Studentsnolongerspendsummersfarming,buttheyaren'tinschool,either.TheaverageAmericanstudentreceives13weeksofffromschooleachcalendaryear-withabout11ofthoseduringthesummer.Fewothercountrieshavemorethansevenweeksoffinaschoolcalendar.WiththeU.S.laggingbehindothercountriesinacademics,it'stimetoconsideryear-roundschooling.Onebenefitofthischangeisthatstudentswillnotfallvictimtothe"summerslide,"orthewell-documentedphenomenonwherestudentsforgetsomeoftheknowledgetheyhaveacquiredwhentoomuchtimeistakenofffromschool.Decadesofresearchshowsthatitcantakefrom8to13weeksatthebeginningofeveryschoolyearforstudentstogetbacktowheretheywerebeforethesummerButyear-roundschoolingisn'tjustaboutacademics.Teachersandstudentsexperienceacloserrelationshipinyear-roundschoolsthantheydointraditionalschoolsand,intheabsenceofanylong-termbreak,s