寒假作業(yè)13 短文選詞填空、短文漢語提示填空、短文語境提示填空

限時練習(xí)：40min完成時間：____月____日天氣：寒假作業(yè)13短文選詞填空、短文漢語提示填空、短文語境提示填空短文填空得解題方法：1.選詞填空第一步:解讀方框中所給單詞的__________；第二步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)中所缺的成份，縮小選擇范圍；第三步:從上下文來判斷詞義，從語法方面考慮___________；第四步:通過代入法、翻譯法檢查所選單詞是否符合語境。2.語境/漢語提示填空(1)快速瀏覽，了解大意（簡單的空直接填出）；(2)上下求索，填出答案（填出正確形式）；(3)通讀全文，檢查確認(rèn)（無提示詞的空格填入_______）。3.具體變化規(guī)律(1)名詞四變：◆變形容詞◆變復(fù)數(shù)◆變所有格◆變名詞(2)代詞三變：人稱代詞主格和賓格互變、形物代和名物代互變、人稱代詞和反身代詞互變(3)數(shù)詞四變：●變序數(shù)詞●變次數(shù)詞●變數(shù)詞單位●變整十復(fù)數(shù)(4)形容詞四變：◆變副詞◆變比較級和最高級◆變名詞◆變動詞(5)動詞六變：●原形●變第三人稱單數(shù)●過去式●現(xiàn)在分詞●過去分詞●不定式(6)并列的兩個或多個單詞，短語，或句子之間設(shè)空，一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等。(7)若是主從句，需填入從屬連詞what,which,who,how,when等。(8)名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等?；A(chǔ)過關(guān)練一、短文選詞填空。(A)閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，每空一詞。方框中有兩個詞為多余選項(xiàng)。includes,in,scientists,invention,among,watched,inventors,further,encouragingA15-year-oldstudentwhoinventedaflashlightgettingpowerfromtheholder’sbodyheatisgoinghometodayfromCaliforniawithabigprizeandachancetodo____1____research.AnnwastheonlyCanadian____2_____thefourwinnersatGoogle’sinternationalsciencecompetition.Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.Thecompetitionattractedthousandsofstudentsin120countries.Thousandsofyoung____3_____fromaroundtheworldtookpartinthecompetition.Winningthescienceandtechnologycompetitionwasa“surprise”.Annsaid,“Ithinkitwillhaveagreatinfluenceonmyfuture.”Annthankedherfamilyfor____4____herinterestinscienceandsaidthatherfirsttoywasaboxoftransistors(晶體管).Ann’sprize____5____$25,000anda“once-a-lifetimeexperience”fromGoogleforherHollowFlashlight,whichhasnomovingpartsorbatteries(電池).Theideaforthe____6____camefromseeingunwantedbatteriesandherfriend’sexperience.WhenAnnvisitedafriendinthePhilippines,shesawthefriendcouldn’tstudy,whenitbecamedarkbecausetherewasnoelectricityorlight.Shesawtheneedforaflashlightthathasnobatteries—HollowFlashlight.Inherproject,Annwrote,“Imadetwoflashlightsthatdonotuseanybatteriesorharmfulmaterials.Theydonotcreateanynoiseandwillalwayswork.Theflashlightneedsatleasta5℃temperaturedifferencebetweentheholder’sbodyandtheenvironmentaroundtoproducelight.”AvideoofAnnexplaininghowsheinventedtheflashlighthasbeen____7____morethan1.4milliontimesontheInternet.ThoughAnnwassuccessful,shehasnotmadeadecisionabouthercareerpath.Annhopesthatshecanfindawaytojoinherloveoffilmandsciencetogether.（B）請根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。方框中有兩個詞為多余項(xiàng)。they

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onThiswasmyfirstvisittotheairport.IknewIshouldgotothecheck-incounter（柜臺）firstbutIdidn’tknow8_____itwas.Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp,but____9_____tomakemyselfunderstood.Hejustwalkedawayquickly.Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths,butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor10____.Howterrible!Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.Icouldfollow11_____totherightplace.Iwouldn’thavetosayaword.Ifinallyreachedtheelevator（電梯）.Oh,no!Therewasnotenoughspaceforme.Igot____12_____theelevatorwhenitreturnedandlookedatallthebuttons（按鈕）.Whichonecoulditbe?IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe____13____floorandstopped.TearsfilledmyeyesasIsawtheempty（空的）hall.Justthenoneofthestaffmembersappeared.Hesaidhewasaguardthereandasked____14____ifIneededanyhelp.Thenheledmedownalonghallway.Wewalkedupsomestairs,turnedacorn,andfinallygottothecheck-incounter.WhenIturned___15____him,themanwasgone.____16_____Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname,Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp.IonlyhopethatonedayIcandothesameforanother_____17_____whohasthesameexperienceasme.二、短文漢語提示填空。Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonly__18___（令人驚奇的）butalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdangeraswellas___19___（成功）.Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation(輻射)isthegreatestdangertospacemen.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyarein___20__(危險)oftheradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.The___21____（傷害）oftheradiationwon’tbefounduntiltheirchildrenevengrandchildrenareborn.Some___22___（特別的）medicinemayworkalittle,butnoreallyeffectivemedicinehasbeenfoundsofar.Space___23____（垃圾）isalsothoughttobeagreatdangertospacemen.It’sreportedthattherewere9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%ofthesearesatellites,10%are___24____（太空飛船）,andtherestarespacerubbish.Anexplosion(爆炸)inspacein1999madeacloudof300,000fragments(碎片),eachatleast4mminsize.Asmallpieceoftheseevenknockedaspaceshipwindowand___25____（引起）somedamage（損壞）.Scientistsarewatchingandreportinganypossibledangerallthetime.Theyareworkingtodealwithspacerubbish.____26____（盡管）spaceisreallydangerous,itinterestsmanypeopleontheEarth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomepossibleforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceinafewyears.Soweshoulddosomethingtohelp___27___（提高）thespaceenvironment.三、短文語境提示填空。根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，在短文的空格處填上一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Twentyyearsago,LarryDayboughtakiteforhimselfjustforfun.Fromthenon,heandhiswifeKayhavelovedkite-flying.Theyhavemanykitesandtravelaroundtoflythem.“I’matpeacewhenI’mflying.”saidLarry.Kite-flyinghasalong___28___.Thecustomofflyingapieceofclothhighintheskybeganmorethan2,000yearsagoinChina.Sincethen,kiteshavebeenusedtodoscientificexperiments,takepicturesfromtheairandsoon.Peoplecanflykites___29____orwithfriendsandfamily.Kitesattractpeoplewholiketocreateandthosewhoalwaystrytomakeimprovementstothings.NowLarrylikesmakinghisownkites.Hemakeskitesof___30____shapesandsizes.Healsolikestakinghisworkstopublicactivitiesandsharingthem___31____others.Flyingkitesneedsskills.Experiencemakesadifference,sodoestheweather.Sometimesthebestflyingconditionshappeninwinter.LarryandKayholdakitefestival—ColortheWind.____32___takesplaceeveryFebruaryonClearLakeinIowa.Thefestivaladds___33____tothewinterskyandgivespeopleareasontogooutside.Their13-year-oldsonalsolovestoflykiteswithpeopleofallages.Helikesthehappyfeelingsheexperiences___34____hiskiteflieshighinthesky.“ThereasonwhyIlovekite-flyingisthatyouhavetotrybutnotalways____35___.Thebestwaytolearnistogoout,andletyourkitefly.”saysLarry.能力提升練一、短文選詞填空。 從下面方框中選出10個單詞，將其正確形式填入短文，使短文意思正確通順（每詞限用一次）。carechancechangeeithereverybodygoodliveshakesmoothunlessuntilworthManypeoplehavetoldmetheyarenothappy.Theywantsomuch,buttheygettoolittle.Forfriendswhohavethisproblem,Ihavesomethingtoshare.Oneofmypatients,asuccessfulbusinessman,tellsmethatbeforehiscancer(癌癥)hewouldbecomeupset____1____thingswentacertainway.Happinesswas“havingthecookie”.Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.Ifyoudidn’thavethecookie,lifewas____2____nothing.Unfortunately,thecookiekept____3____.Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.Ayearafterheknewhegotcancer,hesat____4____hisheadregretfully.“ItseemsthatIstoppedlearninghowtoliveafterIwasakid.WhenIgivemysonacookie,heishappy.IfItakethecookieawayoritbreaks,heisunhappy.ButheistwoandIamforty-three.Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.Forthispart,Idono____5____thanmyson.Youknow,youhavetogiveupalotofthingstotakecareofthecookie,tokeepitandbesurethat____6____takesitawayfromyou.Youmaynotevenget____7____toeatitbecauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit.Itseemsthatgettingthecookiesitselfstopsyou____8____bythegoddessoffortune,sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout.”Mypatientlaughsandsayscancerhaschangedhim.Forthefirsttimeheishappy.Nomatterifhisbusinessgoes____9____ornot.“Twoyearsago,canceraskedme,‘Whatisreallyimportant?’Well,lifeisimportant.Lifeanywayyoucanhaveit,lifewiththecookie,lifewithoutthecookie.Happinessdoesnothaveanythingtodowiththecookie.Ithastodowithbeing____10____.Oh,Iguesslifeisthecookie.”Friends,holdyourlifetight.Liveahappylife.二、短文漢語提示填空。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，用單詞的正確形式完成下列短文。Ladiesandgentlemen,Thankyouforcomingtoattendthegraduationceremony.Firstofall,I’dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoarehere___11___（今天）.WhenyouwerejuststartingGrade7atthisschool,youwereallsoenergeticandthirstyforknowledge.ButnowIseearoom___12___（滿的)oftalentedyoungadultswhohavegreathopeforthefuture.You

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（長大）upalreadyandI’msoproudofyou.Althoughyou’veallworkedveryhardoverthelastthreeyears,noneofyoucouldhavesucceededby___14___（你們自己）.Alongtheway,I’msuremanypeoplehavehelpedandsupportedyou.I’dlikeyou___15___（記得，想起）tothankalloftheseimportantpeopleinyourlives.Neverfailtobethankfultothepeoplearoundyou.Lastly,theendofjuniorhighschoolisthebeginningofanewlife.Idon’tneedtotellyouthatlifeinseniorhighschoolwillbe___16___（困難的，辛苦的）andthatyouhavemoretroubleaheadofyou.You’llmake___17___（錯誤）alongtheway,butthekeyistolearnfromthemandnevergiveup.Butalongwithtrouble,therewillalsobemanyexcitingthingswaitingforyou.___18___（在……后面）eachdooryouopenarechancestolearnnewthings,andyouhavethe___19___（能力，才能）tomakeyourownchoices.Choosewiselyandberesponsibleforyourdecisionsandactions.Althoughyouhavetogoyourseparatewaysnow,___20___（無論何時）youwant,youcancomeback.Asyousetoutonyournewjourney,youshouldn’tforgetwhereyoucamefrom.Thefutureisyours.Goodluckandhopetoseeyouagainsoonsometime!三、短文語境提示填空。根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，在短文的空格處填上一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Onebrightmorning,IwasoutformyusualrunwhenImetanelderlyladywhowaswavingherphoneandtalkingtomeinalanguageIcouldn’tunderstand.Itsoundedlikeshewasinahurrytogetsomewhere.Iquicklyrealizedthatshewas___21___andcouldn’tspeakanyEnglish.Sheshowedmeamapapponherphone,butIhadnoideas___22___toreadit.So,Iquicklygotatranslationapponlineandweusedtheapptocommunicate.ShespokeintothemicrophoneinherlanguageandittranslatedherwordsintoEnglishformetounderstand.Iputinsomewords___23___myreplytoherandwewereabletocommunicate!Isoonknewthatsheneededtogethome,whichwasalongwalkaway.Shedidn’twanttouseanypublictransportationbutIofferedtowalkhertoabusstopwhereshecouldcallherdaughterfora___24___.Thenherdaughtercoulddriveherhome.Aswewalked,welaughedandjoked,___25___wecouldn’tunderstandeachother’slanguage.Itwasaprettyfunexperience!Alongtheway,theelderlyladykept___26___meformytime.Ihadtokeepremindingherthatitwasnotroubleatallandsayingthatitwasmypleasuretohelpher.Finally,wereachedthebusstopandshemadehercall.Wesaidourgoodbyesandshegavemeaheart-warmingmessagethatmademehappythewholeday.Eventoday,I___27___holdthatwarmfeelinginmyheart.Nowadays,astechnologyhasprogressedandchangedourworlddaybyday,there’salways___28___thatneverchanges.Ifyouhelpastrangerfindhisorherway,maybeyouwillalsogethelpfromanotherstrangersometimeinthefuturewhenyougetlostinastrangecity.Wemightloseourwaybutthereisalwaysawaytohelp.知識小結(jié)短文填空是測試同學(xué)們理解能力及對詞匯、語法和習(xí)慣用法等的掌握情況的一種題型。本專題內(nèi)容的訓(xùn)練主要幫助同學(xué)們鞏固積累詞形變化考查熱點(diǎn)，掌握短文選詞填空、短文漢語提示填空、短文語境提示填空的解題方法，提高解題能力。如動詞六變：●原形●變第三人稱單數(shù)●過去式●現(xiàn)在分詞●過去分詞●不定式。

寒假作業(yè)13短文選詞填空、短文漢語提示填空、短文語境提示填空短文填空得解題方法：1.選詞填空第一步:解讀方框中所給單詞的詞義和詞性；第二步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)中所缺的成份，縮小選擇范圍；第三步:從上下文來判斷詞義，從語法方面考慮詞性和詞形；第四步:通過代入法、翻譯法檢查所選單詞是否符合語境。2.語境/漢語提示填空(1)快速瀏覽，了解大意（簡單的空直接填出）；(2)上下求索，填出答案（填出正確形式）；(3)通讀全文，檢查確認(rèn)（無提示詞的空格填入虛詞）。3.具體變化規(guī)律(1)名詞四變：◆變形容詞◆變復(fù)數(shù)◆變所有格◆變名詞(2)代詞三變：人稱代詞主格和賓格互變、形物代和名物代互變、人稱代詞和反身代詞互變(3)數(shù)詞四變：●變序數(shù)詞●變次數(shù)詞●變數(shù)詞單位●變整十復(fù)數(shù)(4)形容詞四變：◆變副詞◆變比較級和最高級◆變名詞◆變動詞(5)動詞六變：●原形●變第三人稱單數(shù)●過去式●現(xiàn)在分詞●過去分詞●不定式(6)并列的兩個或多個單詞，短語，或句子之間設(shè)空，一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等。(7)若是主從句，需填入從屬連詞what,which,who,how,when等。(8)名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等?；A(chǔ)過關(guān)練一、短文選詞填空。(A)閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，每空一詞。方框中有兩個詞為多余選項(xiàng)。includes,in,scientists,invention,among,watched,inventors,further,encouragingA15-year-oldstudentwhoinventedaflashlightgettingpowerfromtheholder’sbodyheatisgoinghometodayfromCaliforniawithabigprizeandachancetodo____1____research.AnnwastheonlyCanadian____2_____thefourwinnersatGoogle’sinternationalsciencecompetition.Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.Thecompetitionattractedthousandsofstudentsin120countries.Thousandsofyoung____3_____fromaroundtheworldtookpartinthecompetition.Winningthescienceandtechnologycompetitionwasa“surprise”.Annsaid,“Ithinkitwillhaveagreatinfluenceonmyfuture.”Annthankedherfamilyfor____4____herinterestinscienceandsaidthatherfirsttoywasaboxoftransistors(晶體管).Ann’sprize____5____$25,000anda“once-a-lifetimeexperience”fromGoogleforherHollowFlashlight,whichhasnomovingpartsorbatteries(電池).Theideaforthe____6____camefromseeingunwantedbatteriesandherfriend’sexperience.WhenAnnvisitedafriendinthePhilippines,shesawthefriendcouldn’tstudy,whenitbecamedarkbecausetherewasnoelectricityorlight.Shesawtheneedforaflashlightthathasnobatteries—HollowFlashlight.Inherproject,Annwrote,“Imadetwoflashlightsthatdonotuseanybatteriesorharmfulmaterials.Theydonotcreateanynoiseandwillalwayswork.Theflashlightneedsatleasta5℃temperaturedifferencebetweentheholder’sbodyandtheenvironmentaroundtoproducelight.”AvideoofAnnexplaininghowsheinventedtheflashlighthasbeen____7____morethan1.4milliontimesontheInternet.ThoughAnnwassuccessful,shehasnotmadeadecisionabouthercareerpath.Annhopesthatshecanfindawaytojoinherloveoffilmandsciencetogether.【答案】1．further2．a(chǎn)mong3．scientists4．encouraging5．includes6．invention7．watched【主旨】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一名15歲的加拿大學(xué)生發(fā)明了利用持有者的身體熱量作為電源的手電筒?！驹斀狻?．句意：一名15歲的學(xué)生發(fā)明了一種手電筒，可以從持有者的體溫中獲取能量，今天她將從加利福尼亞州帶著一個大獎回家，并有機(jī)會做進(jìn)一步的研究。根據(jù)research“調(diào)查”，可知此處需填一個形容詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，further“進(jìn)一步的”符合題意。故填further。2．句意：安是谷歌國際科學(xué)競賽四名獲勝者中唯一的加拿大人。根據(jù)下文“Thefourwinnerswerechosenfrom15finalcompetitorsfromeightcountries.”可知一共選出四位獲勝者，安是其中之一，among“在……中”符合題意。故填among。3．句意：來自世界各地的數(shù)千名年輕科學(xué)家參加了比賽。根據(jù)“Thousandsofyoung”可知此處需填一個名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知只有scientists“科學(xué)家”和inventors“發(fā)明家”符合題意，再結(jié)合“Google’sinternationalsciencecompetition”可知，scientists更佳。故填scientists。4．句意：安感謝家人鼓勵她對科學(xué)感興趣，并說她的第一個玩具是一盒晶體管。thanksb.fordoingsth.“因?yàn)樽瞿呈赂兄x某人”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知是encouraging“鼓勵”。故填encouraging。5．句意：安的獎品包括25,000美元以及谷歌為她沒有活動部件或電池的空心手電筒提供的“一生一次的體驗(yàn)”。分析語境可知句子缺少謂語動詞，根據(jù)“$25,000anda‘once-a-lifetimeexperience’”可知是包括，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，includes符合題意。故填includes。6．句意：這項(xiàng)發(fā)明的創(chuàng)意來自于看到不需要的電池和她朋友的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“WhenAnnvisitedafriend…HollowFlashlight.”詳細(xì)講述了安是如何想到發(fā)明這種手電筒的，可知這里說的是這項(xiàng)發(fā)明的創(chuàng)意。故填invention。7．句意：安解釋她如何發(fā)明手電筒的視頻在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上被觀看了140多萬次。根據(jù)“video”和“morethan1.4milliontimes”可知，視頻已經(jīng)被觀看了140多萬次。故填watched。（B）請根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用方框中所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。方框中有兩個詞為多余項(xiàng)。they

although

three

discover

fail

direct

strange

complete

polite

where

thank

onThiswasmyfirstvisittotheairport.IknewIshouldgotothecheck-incounter（柜臺）firstbutIdidn’tknow8_____itwas.Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp,but____9_____tomakemyselfunderstood.Hejustwalkedawayquickly.Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths,butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor10____.Howterrible!Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.Icouldfollow11_____totherightplace.Iwouldn’thavetosayaword.Ifinallyreachedtheelevator（電梯）.Oh,no!Therewasnotenoughspaceforme.Igot____12_____theelevatorwhenitreturnedandlookedatallthebuttons（按鈕）.Whichonecoulditbe?IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe____13____floorandstopped.TearsfilledmyeyesasIsawtheempty（空的）hall.Justthenoneofthestaffmembersappeared.Hesaidhewasaguardthereandasked____14____ifIneededanyhelp.Thenheledmedownalonghallway.Wewalkedupsomestairs,turnedacorn,andfinallygottothecheck-incounter.WhenIturned___15____him,themanwasgone.____16_____Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname,Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp.IonlyhopethatonedayIcandothesameforanother_____17_____whohasthesameexperienceasme.【答案】8．where9．failed10．directions11．them12．on13．third14．politely15．tothank16．Although17．stranger【主旨】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在機(jī)場迷路，一位好心的工作人員幫助他找到了正確的地點(diǎn)?！驹斀狻?．句意：我知道我應(yīng)該先去辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)的柜臺，但我不知道它在哪里。根據(jù)“butIdidn’tknow”和“itwas”可知，此處為不知道它在哪里，表地點(diǎn)。where“哪里”符合語境。故填where。9．句意：我試著向一位路過的生意人尋求幫助，但是卻無法清楚表達(dá)自己的意思。根據(jù)“Itriedaskingapassingbusinessmanforhelp”，“but…”可知，我試著向一位路過的生意人尋求幫助，但是沒有成功，fail“失敗”符合語境，根據(jù)“tried”可知，句子為一般過去時，故空格處要用fail的過去式failed。故填failed。10．句意：我在這個國家已經(jīng)好幾個月了，但我甚至不記得怎么問路。根據(jù)“Ihadbeeninthiscountryforseveralmonths”和“butIcouldnotevenrememberhowtoaskfor…”可推測出，此處為問路，direct“徑直的，直接的”可知，direct的名詞為direction“方向”，“問路”的英文表達(dá)為askfordirections。故填directions。11．句意：可以跟著他們?nèi)フ_的地方。根據(jù)“Anotherbusarrivedandthepassengerscameout.Herewasmychance.”和“follow”可知，我想跟著他們走，“他們”此處應(yīng)用人稱代詞賓格形式，they“他們”，其賓格形式為them。故填them。12．句意：電梯回來的時候，我上了電梯，看了看所有的按鈕。根據(jù)“got”和“theelevator”可知，我上了電梯，“上電梯”要用geton，故填on。13．句意：電梯慢慢地爬上三樓，停了下來。根據(jù)“IchoseButton3.Theelevatorslowlyclimbeduptothe…”和“floorandstop”可知，電梯到了三樓，空格處應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞“第三”，應(yīng)用其序數(shù)詞形式third。故填third。14．句意：他說他是這里的保安，然后禮貌地問我是否需要幫助。根據(jù)“Hesaidhewasaguardthereandask”可知，他說他是這里的保安，可推測出是禮貌地詢問我，空格處要用副詞“禮貌地”修飾動作“詢問”，polite“禮貌的”，其副詞形式為politely。故填politely。15．句意：當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身感謝他時，他已經(jīng)走了。根據(jù)“WhenIturned”和“themanwasgone”可推測出，轉(zhuǎn)身是想感謝他，空格處應(yīng)用動詞不定式表目的，thank“謝謝”符合語境，故應(yīng)用其不定式tothank。故填tothank。16．句意：雖然我將永遠(yuǎn)不會知道那個好心人的名字，但是我將會記得他的幫助。根據(jù)“Iwillneverknowthatkindman’sname”和“Iwillalwaysrememberhishelp”可知，空格處為讓步狀語從句，結(jié)合備選詞although“雖然”符合語境，此時其首字母a要大寫。故填A(yù)lthough。17．句意：我只希望有一天能夠?yàn)楹臀矣型瑯咏?jīng)歷的陌生人做同樣的事。根據(jù)“Icandothesameforanother”和“whohasthesameexperienceasme”可知，空格處應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)，且表示人，strange“陌生的”可知，其名詞為stranger“陌生人”符合語境。故填stranger。二、短文漢語提示填空。Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonly__18___（令人驚奇的）butalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdangeraswellas___19___（成功）.Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation(輻射)isthegreatestdangertospacemen.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyarein___20__(危險)oftheradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.The___21____（傷害）oftheradiationwon’tbefounduntiltheirchildrenevengrandchildrenareborn.Some___22___（特別的）medicinemayworkalittle,butnoreallyeffectivemedicinehasbeenfoundsofar.Space___23____（垃圾）isalsothoughttobeagreatdangertospacemen.It’sreportedthattherewere9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%ofthesearesatellites,10%are___24____（太空飛船）,andtherestarespacerubbish.Anexplosion(爆炸)inspacein1999madeacloudof300,000fragments(碎片),eachatleast4mminsize.Asmallpieceoftheseevenknockedaspaceshipwindowand___25____（引起）somedamage（損壞）.Scientistsarewatchingandreportinganypossibledangerallthetime.Theyareworkingtodealwithspacerubbish.____26____（盡管）spaceisreallydangerous,itinterestsmanypeopleontheEarth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomepossibleforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceinafewyears.Soweshoulddosomethingtohelp___27___（提高）thespaceenvironment.【答案】18．a(chǎn)mazing19．success20．danger21．harm22．special23．rubbish24．spaceships25．caused26．Although27．improve【主旨】本篇文章主要講述了太空既令人向往又充滿了危險，并在最后呼吁我們改善太空環(huán)境?！驹斀狻?8．句意：太空不僅令人驚喜，還充滿危險。amazing令人驚奇的。根據(jù)句意，故填amazing。19．句意：然而在太空上工作，宇航員面臨危險和成功。success成功。根據(jù)句意，故填success。20．句意：當(dāng)宇航員在太空工作時，他們處于來自太陽和其他星球的輻射危險中。indangerof處于危險中。根據(jù)句意，故填danger。21．句意：輻射的傷害直到他們的孩子甚至孫子出生后才會發(fā)現(xiàn)。harm傷害，根據(jù)the+n.+of可知，故填harm。22．句意：一些特別的藥物可能會起一點(diǎn)作用，但目前為止沒有真正有效的藥物。special特別的。根據(jù)句意，故填special。23．句意：太空垃圾也被認(rèn)為對宇航員有重大的危險。rubbish垃圾，根據(jù)句意，故填rubbish。24．句意：他們中大約30%是衛(wèi)星，10%是太空飛船，剩下的是太空垃圾。spaceship宇宙飛船，根據(jù)句意，故填spaceship。25．句意：甚至一小塊就會敲打太空船的窗戶并造成損失。cause造成?？涨坝衋nd，與knocked并列，用過去時，故填caused。26．句意：雖然太空很危險，但它仍使地球上的人感興趣。although盡管，根據(jù)句意，故填although。27．句意：所以我們應(yīng)該做一些事情來幫助改善太空環(huán)境。improve改善。helpsbdosth幫助某人做某事。根據(jù)句意，故填improve。三、短文語境提示填空。根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容，在短文的空格處填上一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Twentyyearsago,LarryDayboughtakiteforhimselfjustforfun.Fromthenon,heandhiswifeKayhavelovedkite-flying.Theyhavemanykitesandtravelaroundtoflythem.“I’matpeacewhenI’mflying.”saidLarry.Kite-flyinghasalong___28___.Thecustomofflyingapieceofclothhighintheskybeganmorethan2,000yearsagoinChina.Sincethen,kiteshavebeenusedtodoscientificexperiments,takepicturesfromtheairandsoon.Peoplecanflykites___29____orwithfriendsandfamily.Kitesattractpeoplewholiketocreateandthosewhoalwaystrytomakeimprovementstothings.NowLarrylikesmakinghisownkites.Hemakeskitesof___30____shapesandsizes.Healsolikestakinghisworkstopublicactivitiesandsharingthem___31____others.Flyingkitesneedsskills.Experiencemakesadifference,sodoestheweather.Sometimesthebestflyingconditionshappeninwinter.LarryandKayholdakitefestival—ColortheWind.____32___takesplaceeveryFebruaryonClearLakeinIowa.Thefestivaladds___33____tothewinterskyandgivespeopleareasontogooutside.Their13-year-oldsonalsolovestoflykiteswithpeopleofallages.Helikesthehappyfeelingsheexperiences___34____hiskiteflieshighinthesky.“ThereasonwhyIlovekite-flyingisthatyouhavetotrybutnotalways____35___.Thebestwaytolearnistogoout,andletyourkitefly.”saysLarry.【答案】28．history29．a(chǎn)lone30．different31．with32．It33．something34．when35．succeed【主旨】本文是記敘文。短文描述了愛好放風(fēng)箏的拉里·戴制作風(fēng)箏、舉辦風(fēng)箏節(jié)的故事?！驹斀狻?8．句意：放風(fēng)箏有悠久的歷史。根據(jù)后一句2,000年前，在中國，人們有把布放飛到空中的習(xí)俗，可知是有悠久的歷史，故填history。29．句意：人們可以獨(dú)自放風(fēng)箏或者跟朋友及家人一起放。與跟他人一起放風(fēng)箏相對的是獨(dú)自放飛，故填alone。30．句意：他制作不同形狀和大小的風(fēng)箏。根據(jù)后面的可數(shù)名詞shapes和sizes可知是不同的，故填different。31．句意：他還喜歡把作品帶到公共活動場所和別人分享。短語sharesth.withsb.和某人分享，故填with。32．句意：風(fēng)箏節(jié)在每年的二月在愛荷華州的克萊爾湖舉辦。這里指代上一句的ColortheWind節(jié)日，用代詞It。故填I(lǐng)t。33．句意：這個節(jié)日給冬天的天空增添了某種色彩氣氛，給人們添加了外出的理由。在冬季放風(fēng)箏，增添了某種彩色的東西，故填something。34．句意：他喜歡他的風(fēng)箏在空中高高飛翔時的快樂感覺。結(jié)合句意可知要用when表示“當(dāng)……時”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故填when。35．句意：我喜歡風(fēng)箏的原因是你不得不嘗試，而不是一直成功。根據(jù)必須嘗試，可知不是會一直成功，故填succeed。能力提升練一、短文選詞填空。 從下面方框中選出10個單詞，將其正確形式填入短文，使短文意思正確通順（每詞限用一次）。carechancechangeeithereverybodygoodliveshakesmoothunlessuntilworthManypeoplehavetoldmetheyarenothappy.Theywantsomuch,buttheygettoolittle.Forfriendswhohavethisproblem,Ihavesomethingtoshare.Oneofmypatients,asuccessfulbusinessman,tellsmethatbeforehiscancer(癌癥)hewouldbecomeupset____1____thingswentacertainway.Happinesswas“havingthecookie”.Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.Ifyoudidn’thavethecookie,lifewas____2____nothing.Unfortunately,thecookiekept____3____.Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.Ayearafterheknewhegotcancer,hesat____4____hisheadregretfully.“ItseemsthatIstoppedlearninghowtoliveafterIwasakid.WhenIgivemysonacookie,heishappy.IfItakethecookieawayoritbreaks,heisunhappy.ButheistwoandIamforty-three.Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.Forthispart,Idono____5____thanmyson.Youknow,youhavetogiveupalotofthingstotakecareofthecookie,tokeepitandbesurethat____6____takesitawayfromyou.Youmaynotevenget____7____toeatitbecauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit.Itseemsthatgettingthecookiesitselfstopsyou____8____bythegoddessoffortune,sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout.”Mypatientlaughsandsayscancerhaschangedhim.Forthefirsttimeheishappy.Nomatterifhisbusinessgoes____9____ornot.“Twoyearsago,canceraskedme,‘Whatisreallyimportant?’Well,lifeisimportant.Lifeanywayyoucanhaveit,lifewiththecookie,lifewithoutthecookie.Happinessdoesnothaveanythingtodowiththecookie.Ithastodowithbeing____10____.Oh,Iguesslifeisthecookie.”Friends,holdyourlifetight.Liveahappylife.【答案】1．unless2．worth3．changing4．shaking5．better6．nobody7．chances8．beingcared9．smoothly10．a(chǎn)live【主旨】本文通過一個癌癥病人的例子告訴我們?nèi)绾芜^上幸福的生活。【詳解】1．句意：我的一位病人，一位成功的商人，告訴我，在他患癌癥之前，如果事情沒有確定下來，他會感到不安。根據(jù)“beforehiscancerhewouldbecomeupset”及備選詞可知，是指如果事情沒有確定下來他會感到不安，unless意為“除非，如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，故填unless。2．句意：如果你沒有餅干，生命就沒有任何價值。根據(jù)“Ifyouhadthecookie,thingsweregood.”及備選詞可知，此處指沒有餅干的生活一文不值，worth意為“值得的”，故填worth。3．句意：不幸的是，餅干一直在變。根據(jù)后文“Someofthetimeitwasmoney,andsometimespower.Atothertimes,itwasanewcar,orabiggerhouse.”及備選詞可知，這里指餅干一直在變，change意為“改變”，keepdoingsth.意為“一直做某事”，故填changing。4．句意：知道自己得了癌癥一年后，他坐在那里遺憾地?fù)u著頭。根據(jù)“…h(huán)isheadregretfully”及備選詞可知，是指坐在那里遺憾地?fù)u著頭，shake意為“搖動”，此處是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填shaking。5．句意：在這方面，我做得并不比我兒子好。根據(jù)“Ithastakenmesolongtounderstandthatthecookiewillnevermakemehappy.Theminuteyouhavethecookieitstartstofalltopiecesoryoustarttoworryaboutit.”及備選詞可知，這里指我做得并不比我兒子好，nobetterthan意為“不比……好”，所以此處用good的比較級better，故填better。6．句意：你知道，你必須放棄很多東西來照顧餅干，保留它，并確保沒有人從你身上拿走它。根據(jù)“…tokeepitandbesurethat…”及備選詞可知，是指確保沒有人從你身上拿走它，“沒有人”為nobody，故填nobody。7．句意：你甚至可能沒有機(jī)會吃它，因?yàn)槟阋恢泵χM量不失去它。根據(jù)“becauseyouaresobusyjusttryingnottoloseit”及備選詞可知，是指沒有機(jī)會吃它，chance意為“機(jī)會”，結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式chances，故填chances。8．句意：似乎得到餅干本身就阻止了你受到幸運(yùn)女神的照顧，所以擁有餅干并不是生活的意義所在。根據(jù)“sohavingthecookieisnotwhatlifeisabout”及備選詞可知，這里指阻止了你受到幸運(yùn)女神的照顧，car