跨文化思辨閱讀教程（生活篇）課件Unit 1 Ways of Life；Unit 2 Collectivism vs. Individualism

UnitUnit1

WaysofLifeGameSurveyTIME

Whichwayoftravelling

wouldyoulike?Idescribe.Youchoose.1.Takephotoswitheverythingyouhaven’tseenbeforetoleavememoriesatthetraveldestinations.2.Travelmanytimesayearandgotomanyplacesyouhaven’tbeentobefore,buteachtimethestayissoshortthatyoucan’tfullyfeeltheculturalcharacteristicsofaplace.3.Duringthejourney,justtouraccordingtoyourownpreferencesanddon'tthinkaboutthemeaningandpurposeoftraveling,anddon'ttakepictureseither.Justsimplyrelaxyourselfandexperiencedifferentculturesandlives.4.Gotoasecludedruralareaandspendalongperiodoftimewithnaturedayandnight,feelingthetranquilityandcozinessthatareabsentinbusylivesandperceivingthetruemeaningoflifefromit.

WaysofLife“OnGoingaboutandSeeingThings”“WhereILivedandWhatILivedfor”UnitUnit1

WaysofLifeTaskstoCoverReadingforUNDERSTANDING1understandwhatthetextssayReadingforANALYZING2analyzehowthetextsjustifytheirideasReadingforEVALUATING3evaluatewhatthetextsclaimReadingforCREATING4createbeyondwhatthetextsstateWhattextAisabout.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingComprehensionQuestions.1.WhydoesLinYutangsaythattraveltoimproveone’smindisafalsetravel?2.What’swrongwiththesecondkindoffalsetravel?4.InLinYutang’sopinion,what’sthekeyofthephilosophyoftravel?5.Accordingtoparagraph8,howcanoneenjoythepleasureoftravel?HowdoesLinYutangillustratehispoint?Fromparagraph2,wecanknowLinYutangregardstraveltoimproveone’smindasafalsetravelforthefollowingtworeasons.Firstly,thetaskofimprovingone’smindhasbeenoverdoneandit’snoteasytoimproveone’smind.Secondly,theinstitutionoftouristguides,whicharisesinordertoimprovetravelers’mind,spoilsthepleasureoftravelandturnstravelersintostudents.Thesecondkindoffalsetravelistravelforconversation.Thistypeoftravelersusuallyare

busytakingpicturesinordertoshowoffintheirfutureconversationsandmissthechancesofreallyseeingthingswiththeirowneyesandenjoyingthepleasureoftravel.Inparagraph7LinYutangpointsoutthatthephilosophyoftravelliesinone’scapacitytoseethingsInparagraph8,LinYutangusesthequotationfromChinShen’an,“aspecialtalentinhisbreastandaspecialvisionbelowhiseyebrows”toillustratehispointthatatruetravelershouldhavegotthehearttofeelandtheeyestosee.WhattextBisabout.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingComprehensionQuestions.1.InterpretyourunderstandingonThoreau’sphilosophyoflivingdeliberatelymentionedinparagraph2.2.WhatproposalsdoesThoreauputforwardtosimplifyourlife?3.Whatfiguresofspeecharemainlyusedinparagraph4?Livingdeliberatelymeanstoliveslowly,carefully,naturally,andmostimportantofall,simply,tofrontonlytheessentialfactsoflifeandtogetridofallthatisnotlife.Thoreaulistsseveralmethodsofsimplifyinglifeinparagraph3.Forexample:toreduceouraffairs;toreduceouraccounts;toreduceourmeals;toreduceourfurniture;toreduceourluxuryandheedlessexpense;toelevateourpurposeoflife;tobealerttofruitsoftechnologydevelopment.

Inparagraph4,Thoreaumainlyusesparallelism,simile,metaphor,alliterationtoemphasizehisviewsonlivingsimplyinnature.FirstlyThoreauusesparalleled“l(fā)et(us)…”sentencestoclearlyemphasizehismainarguments.SecondlyThoreauusesasimileandametaphorinthebeginningsentencetoemphasizehismostimportantpointinthisparagraphandthewholechapter,thatisto“l(fā)iveasdeliberatelyasNature”.ThoreauthinksthatwehumanbeingsshouldlearnfromNature,andtrytoliveeverydayslowly,naturally,simplylikeNature.Inthesecondpartofthesentence,Thoreauusesmetaphorstocompareeachdifficultyandobstacleinlifeto“nutshellandmosquito’swing”andtocomparelifetoa“track”with“rails”inordertourgereaderstoalwaysfollowtherighttrackoflife.GistTextA’sagrumentstructureand

argumentationmethodsunderstandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingStructureMethodsRaisingtheQuestionAnalyzing

the

ProblemSolvingtheProblemExemplification.ContrastiveArgumentGistTextB’sagrumentstructureand

argumentationmethodsunderstandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingStructureMethodsPutForwardtheViewpointElaboratingtheReasonsDeepentheViewpointMetaphoricalArgumentAnalogicalArgumentGistAcomparisonofLinYutangandHenryDavidThoreauasessayists

basedonthetwopassagesunderstandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingLinYutangHenryDavidThoreauSimilaritiesPhilosophicalExplorationCritiqueofModernLifeDifferencesCulturalBackgroundandPhilosophicalTraditionFocusandExpressionIdealLifestyleorTravelStylePromotionWhereILivedandWhatILivedforOnGoingaboutandSeeingThings”Evaluatewhatthetextsclaim

aboutdifferentmeaningsoftravelorlifeClaim1TextAemphasizestheEssenceofTravel.Itremindspeoplethattravelshouldnotberestrictedbyutilitarianpurposes,experiencingnatureanddifferentcultures.Claim2TextBstatestheimportanceofaSimpleLife.Itencouragespeopletobreakfreefromexcessivematerialpursuits,focusontheirinnerneeds,andenrichtheirspiritualworld.ThinkaboutthefollowingquestionsDowenecessarilyhavetochooseoneoftheabovetwowaysasthestandardforourlifestyleortravelstyle?Arethelifestylestheydescribeperfect?understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingGistDifferencesandcommonpoints.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreating“OnGoingaboutandSeeingThings”“WhereILivedandWhatILivedfor”TheessenceoftravelTheimportanceofasimplelifeIndividualexperienceImportancetonatureandspiritualpursuitPursueinnerfreedomandtruefeelingsduringtravelSimplicity,self-reliance,nature,work,spirituality,solitudeChinesephilosophyoflifeTranscendentalphilosophyMutuallyexclusive?Perfectlifestyleortravel-style?Theideasofbothofferwarningsabouttheproblemsfacedbymodernsociety,buttheybothneedtobeadjustedandadaptedaccordingtotheactualsituationofmodernsociety.LinYutang'stravelthoughtscaninspirepeopletooptimizetheirexperiencesduringlimitedtravelopportunities.Thoreau'sconceptofasimplelifepromptspeopletothinkabouthowtomaintaininnerpeaceandrespectfornatureinthefast-pacedmodernsociety.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingbalancebetweenthem?Howtofindaappropriatewayoflife?Thetwothoughtsneedtobeadjustedandadaptedaccordingtotheactualsituationofmodernsociety.CombinethetwoandtaketherealisticsituationintoaccounttofindourownlifestyleunderstandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingWhichlifestyleortravel-stylewouldyoulike?WritingWhichwayoftravellingwouldyouprefer,withmodernphotographicequipmentorsimpleheartsandeyes?Doyouliketoadd

somethingtoyourlifeortrytoreducesomethingfromyourlife?Howwillyoufindabalancebetweenthetwodifferentchoices?understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingWriteacompositiontostateyouideaswithin200words.What’sthewritingskills?WritingIntextB,HenryDavidThoreauskillfullyusessuchfiguresofspeechassimile,metaphor,alliteration,parallelism,repetition,etc.tostrengthenhislifephilosophy.Pleasechooseonefigureofspeech,pickuptheexamplesfromthepassage,doresearchonitandthengiveyourpresentationontheusageofthefigureofspeech.Pleaseincludeitsdefinition,itsmeaningsandfunctionsintheparagraphsorpassage.Youcanalsostrengthenyourpresentationbycitingexamplesfromotherliterarymaterials.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingwaysoflifeSummaryTRANSCENDENTALPHILOSOPHYNATUREESSENCEOFTRAVELSIMPLICITYINNERFREEDOMHUMANNATUREANDLIFEPHILOSOPHYAssignmentsAssignmentsChooseoneofLinYutang’sorThoreau’sviewpointsontravelorlifestyle,andwriteacompositionbasedonyourownexperiencesWritingPleasereadthewholechapterof“EnjoymentofTravel”andthewholechapterof“WhereILivedandWhatILivedfor”andmakeacommentontheirinspirationtoustodayinthe21stcentury.ReadingThanksforYourAttention!waysoflife············································································UnitUnit2

Collectivismvs.IndividualismGameSurveyTime

CollectivismorIndividualism?Idescribe.Youguess.1.Beingdependentuponothersisoftenconsideredshamefulorembarrassing.2.Individualsdefinethemselvesinrelationtoothers(forexample,“Iamamemberof…”).3.Peopleoftenplaceagreateremphasisonstandingoutandbeingunique.4.Communicationisoftenindirecttoavoidpotentialconflictorembarrassment.5.Therightsofindividualstendtotakeahigherprecedence.6.Commongoalsaremoreimportantthanindividualpursuits.

CollectivismorIndividualismIndividualismIndividualismIndividualismCollectivismCollectivismCollectivismTraitDifferences

betweenCollectivismandIndividualismTaskstoCoverReadingforUNDERSTANDING1understand

whatthetextssayReadingforANALYZING2analyzehowthetextsjustifytheirideasReadingforEVALUATING3evaluatewhatthetextsclaimReadingforCREATING4createbeyondwhatthetextsstateUnitUnit2

Collectivismvs.IndividualismWhattextAisabout.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingCollectivism01Traitsofcollectivism02Impactofcollectivism03Pitfallsofcollectivism04Collectivismandvalues05Collectivismandeconomicgrowth06Collectivismandsocialstability__1__ofindividualsbasedontheirrelationstoothers,__2__communication,group__3__,favorof____4____,__5__oncommongoalsinsteadofindividualpursuits.self-perceptionintermsofsocial__6__androles,stable,strong,and____7____relationships,__8__totherestofthegroup.asenseofunityand__17__amongtheChinesepeople,astrongsenseofnational__18__andpride.increased__15__andefficiencyduetoworkingtogether,successfulbusinessesanda__16__entrepreneurialculture.__9__andwithdrawnbehaviors,more__10__aboutsharingproblemswithfriends,seekingout__11__socialsupport.__12__valuesandbeliefsoftheChinesepeopleshapedbyConfucianism,astrongsenseof__13___andcohesion,familyasthe__14__ofChinesesociety.definitionindirectloyaltycompromiseemphasisrelationshipslong-lastingconformitycautiousimplicitentrenchedreticentloyaltycornerstoneproductivitythrivingsolidarityidentityWhattextBisabout.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingIndividualism01Tradition02History03Science&technology04Crossculturefields05Politics06Futureindividualism__1__intoAmericanculture,with__2__,creativity,andself-expressionvalued,uniquepersonalitiesanddistinctivetalents__3__,highachieversrewardedandheroes__4__.WesternEuropean__5__creatingnewlivesinNorthAmerica,__6__requiredfromGreatBritain,anewnation__7__,politicalindividualism__8___inthesystemofgovernment.transitionwasnotas__16__asitshouldhavebeen,butcomingmuchclosertolivinguptothe____17____foundingprinciples,morerealopportunitytobe__18__inthefuture.owingfreedomtotheinfluenceofindividualism,DeclarationofIndependenceasthemostfamous__13__oftheprinciplesofliberalismclaimingthatallmenarecreated__14__andareendowedwithcertain____15____Rights.inventorsandentrepreneurs__9__,creatingnewinventionsbytheircuriosity,creativity,and__10__thinking.uncommonpeopleusing__11__,differentness,individualitytomaketheimpact,SteveJobsbeinganexamplewhoinfused__12__intohisbrandApple.bakedindependenceadmiredcelebratedexplorersautonomyusheredrootedemergingout-of-the-boxuniquenessindividualismcodificationunalienableequalswiftindividualisticseizedUnitUnit2

Collectivismvs.IndividualismGistHowtextAjustifiesChinatends

tobemorecollectivist.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingChinaEvidenceItsroottracesbacktoConfucianphilosophy.Familymembersareexpectedtoworktogethertoachievetheirgoals.Chinatendstobemorecollectivist.Chinaupholdsthevaluesofharmony,filialpiety,andrespectforauthority.Businesspracticesfocusonteamworkancollaboration.Governmentalpolicieshaveencouragedindividualstoworktogerthertoacheivecommongoals.1.Philosophy2.Value3.Family4.Business5.GovernmentGistHowtextBjustifiesAmerica

tendstobemoreindividualistic.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingAmericaEvidenceItsphilosophyviewspeoplefirstandforemostasuniqueindividuals.Willingnesstostandoutandexplorenewideascontributestobusinesssuccess.Americatendstobemoreindividualistic.Itemphasizestheimportanceofindependence,individuality,andautonomy.Thingsthatmakepeoplestandouthelptheworldchange.Individualrightsarethefoundationofgovernment.1.Philosophy2.Value3.Business4.Culture5.GovernmentGistOtherpossiblereasonsforthedifferencesincollectivismandindividualism.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingFactorsChina(Collectivism)America(Individualism)HistoricalBackgroundAgriculturalsocietywithcollectivecooperationColonialheritagelackingtraditionalconstraints......UnitUnit2

Collectivismvs.IndividualismINDIVIDUALISMCOLLECTIVISMEvaluatewhatthetextsclaim

aboutfunctionsofcollectivism

andindividualism.Claim1CollectivismhasenabledChinesepeopletoworktogethertoachievecommongoals,andhashelpedtofosterasenseofunityandsolidarityamongtheChinespeople.Claim2Fromtheearlysettlerstotheleadersoftoday,manyindividualshaveindeedchangedtheworld......Thechangealwayscamebecauseofthethingsthatmadethemstandout.ThinkaboutthefollowingquestionsArecollectivismandindividualismmutuallyexclusive?Howcanwefindabalancebetweencollectivismandindividualism?understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingMutuallyexclusive?Collectivismandindividualismarenotmutuallyexclusive.

Collectivismandindividualismcancoexistwithinthesamesociety.Asocietymayvalueindividualcreativityandinnovationwhilealsopromotingcommunityserviceandcollectiveproblem-solving.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingHowtobalance?Understandthevaluesofbothcollectivismandindividualism.Recognizetheimportanceofbothindividualandcollectiveinterests.Encouragedialogueandcompromise.Fosteracultureofrespectandinclusivity.Continuouslyevaluateandadapt.understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingLearntorespect

differentvalues.“Favourableweatherislessimportantthanadvantageousterrain,andadvantageousterrainislessimportantthanunityamongthepeople.”—Mengzi“Ifamandoesnotkeeppacewithhiscompanions,perhapsitisbecausehehearsadifferentdrummer.Lethimsteptothemusicwhichhehears,howevermeasuredorfaraway.”—HenryDavidThoreauunderstandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingUnitUnit2

Collectivismvs.IndividualismWhichenvironmentwouldyou

liketoworkin?WritingWhichtypeofenvironmentwouldyouliketoworkin,acollectivistoranindividualistworkplace?Whataresomeofthechallengesthatyoumayencounterinsuchaworkplace?Howwillyouovercomethechallengesinsuchaworkplace?understandinganalyzingevaluatingcreatingWriteacompositiontostateyouideaswithin200words.GistDisadvantagesofcollectivism

andindividualism.understand