動(dòng)名詞的用法講解

Fillintheblackwiththerightformof“swim”

Myfavoritesportis_________.ThoughI’mnotgoodat________,Ikeeponpracticing________everysummer.Asweallknow,________isgoodforourhealth.Besides,ithelpsshapethebody.However,________inriverisquitedangerous.Itisreportedthatmanypeoplediedbecauseof________intheriverthissummer.What’smore,theriverispollutednow.HowIhopethatIcanhavea________poolofmyown!swimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimmingswimming2021/6/271Grammar動(dòng)名詞的用法Gerund2021/6/272動(dòng)名詞的用法1）做主語

Doing+V.+…nousenogoodnotanyusenotanygooduselessThereisno+doing…

It’s++doing2021/6/273E.g.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk

.

覆水難收。

Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.

學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒好處的。Itisuselesstalkingaboutitwithhim.

和他談這件事是沒用的。

It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.辯論這事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間2021/6/274"Thereisno…”句式來表示.E.g.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.

這種事開不得玩笑。

Thereisnolitteringabout.

不許亂扔雜物。Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.歷史車輪不可阻擋。2021/6/2752)作表語句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語…S.+be+doing…

e.g.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Herjobis

lookingaftertheold.Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.

他們的任務(wù)是在西部探查油礦。注意：這時(shí)，主語和表語可以互換位置2021/6/2763)作定語。動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)一般前置，與所修飾的名詞間沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表用途。readingroom閱覽室swimmingpool游泳池diningcar餐車

singingcompetition歌詠比賽waitingroom候車室2021/6/277注：動(dòng)名詞作定語與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別:awalking

sticka

swimming

poolasleepingcar區(qū)別thewalking

mantheswimminggirlthesleepingboy動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞表示名詞的功能現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞表示該名詞所處的狀態(tài)2021/6/2784)作賓語verb/短語+doing

avoid,admit,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practice,resist,risk,suggest,understandbeworthcan’thelpcan’tstandfeellikegiveupputoff2021/6/279Manypeopleenjoysunbathingonthebeachinsummer.夏季，很多人喜歡在沙灘日光浴。Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.

我建議用另一種方法做這件事。He'snotverywell;hedoesn'tfeellikeeating.他不太舒服，吃不下。ShepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.2021/6/2710Prep+doinglookforwardto（渴望，盼望）,beproudof（以…自豪）beresponsiblefor（對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)）,insiston（堅(jiān)持）thinkof（考慮，想到）

dreamof（夢(mèng)想）objectto（反對(duì)，抗議）

prevent…from（防止，阻止）keep…from（防止，阻止）

stop…from（防止，阻止）beengagedin（從事于）

dependon（依靠，依賴）

excuse…for（因…而道歉）

aimat（目的在于）devote…to（獻(xiàn)身于）

setabout（著手做）be/getusedto（習(xí)慣于）

befondof（喜歡）beafraidof（害怕）

betiredof（對(duì)……厭煩）succeedin（成功地做）

beashamedof（對(duì)…感到羞愧）

2021/6/2711e.g.①Shesattherewithoutspeaking. ②Ilookforwardtoseeinghimagain.③Areyouusedtolivingtherealone?④Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.⑤Hewasbusypreparinghislessons.2021/6/2712注意：

（1）有些動(dòng)詞后面，如forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret、goon等，既可跟動(dòng)名詞也可跟不定式作賓語，但是意義不一樣。forgetregretremember

tododoing

將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2021/6/2713goondoinggoontodo

stopdoingstoptodomeandoingmeantodo

繼續(xù)做同一件事情繼續(xù)做另一件事情停止做某事停下來做另一件事意味著做某事打算做某事2021/6/2714trydoingtrytodo

beusedtodoingbeusedtodocan'thelpdoingcan'thelptodo

試著做某事努力做某事習(xí)慣做某事被用來做某事情不自禁做某事不能幫助做某事2021/6/2715Heforgotpayingforthebook.他忘了曾經(jīng)付了買書的錢。(他付過錢了)Heforgottopayforthebook.他忘了去付買書的錢。(他沒有付過錢)Stoptalking.(停止說話)IstoppedtotalkwithTom.（停下正在做的事開始去說話）2021/6/2716(2)在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用動(dòng)名詞和用不定式作賓語均可，意義沒有多大區(qū)別。2021/6/2717needwantrequireThewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．

doingtobedone(3)2021/6/2718Yourcarneedsfilling.你這車要充氣了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.這座城市值得光顧一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.這個(gè)問題需要認(rèn)真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.這些樹需要澆水了。2021/6/2719(4)在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構(gòu)成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名詞／代詞＋不定式（賓語補(bǔ)足語）”之形式。如：

Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．

Wedon‘tallowanybodytosmokehere．

advisedoingsth.advisesb.todosth.2021/6/2720

動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：one’s/onedoing1).物主代詞/名詞所有格+動(dòng)名詞

在句中作主語或賓語:e.g.

Mary’scoming

latemadeherteacherangry.Idon’tmindyouropeningthewindow.2).人稱代詞賓格/名詞+動(dòng)名詞在句中作賓